Isizinda Sesivumelwano Esihle SangoLwesihlanu

Isivumelwano esingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili ngemva kokusayinwa kwaso, i-Good Wearth Agreement , eyaziwa futhi ngokuthi i-Belfast Agreement − ilokhu ingenye yezibonelo ezikhomba kakhulu zokuxoxisana ngokuthula okuphumelelayo emlandweni wanamuhla. Safinyelela cishe eminyakeni emibili yezinkulumo ezibanzi, ngemva kweminyaka emibili yesivumelwano saqeda ingxabano embi kakhulu yempi yezezwe eyaziwa ngokuthi iNyakatho ne-Ireland, eyayisusele ukuphila okungaphezu kuka-3 500 kusukela ekupheleni konyaka ka-1960. Isakhiwo samisa uhulumeni onciphisana namandla alawulayo eNyakatho ye-Ireland, saqinisekisa isimiso sesimiso somthetho wezwe, futhi sasungula izinhlangano ezihlanganisa i-interern Ireland ne-Rwanda.

Inqubo yokuxoxa yayiphawuleka ngenxa yobubanzi bayo. Nakuba ohulumeni baseBrithani nabase-Ireland basebenza njengezikhulu ze-common Alliance, amaqembu angu-8 ezombangazwe ase-Northern Ireland athatha ingxenye, kuhlanganise nama-republicans (i-Sn Fien), abalandeli (i-Ulster Union Union, i-Democratic Party, nenye) kanye ne-Dermocratic Unionism Community Party. Izingxoxo zaqhutshelwa isihlalo esizimele sodwa, i-U.S.S.ingwenya uGeorge Mitchell, kanye noMphathi jikelele waseCanada uJohn de Discopealien neyard Holkele eyayikadeli. UMitchell ngokucophelela imithetho yezentellians yezentellians (i-min .) ehlangene kakhulu noMnummeli we-United States (injinika ye-Pricrectory)

Isivumelwano asizange sivele nje esingenisweni esingenalutho. Sakhela emizamweni yokuqala yokuguqula ukubusa kwe-Northern Ireland, njenge-Sunningdale Adminia Admining Adgion ka-1975 kanye nesivumelwano se-Anglo-Irish ka-1985. Ngokungafani nalezo zivumelwano zangaphambili, nokho, i-Good Wearver Active ekhuluma ngezinhlangano zezombangazwe kodwa futhi isethi ebanzi yempikiswano ehlangeneyo [[[[FLTLT:1]: amalungelo abantu, ukukhipha izikhali zempi, ukunqabela amalungelo empi, impumelelo yezempi, nentuthuko kwezomnotho. Lendlela yokungena kweminingi yezentengiselwano engoko yesizathu sokukhuthazela kwayo, ngisho nalapho ukukhiqiniswa kwayo bekungalingani.

Ukuqonda imongo egcwele yeziNkingo kubalulekile ekuqapheleni ukufinyelela kwesivumelwano. Lempi yaqala emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka esivumelwano sokuhlangana kwezindawo zamakoloni, ukuhlukana kwamahlelo, nokucwaswa okuhleliwe kweqembu elincane lamaKatolika/isizwe. Ngawo-1990, kokubili amanxusa empi eRepublic ne-astyhecism ayeseqalile ukuqaphela ukumelana kwempi nezinzuzo zesivumelwano. Ukuxhumana okuyimfihlo, njengalawo ahilela ukuhlakanipha kwaseBrithani ne-IRA, kwavula indlela yokuqeda ukuqubuka i-trakisbeat ngo-scene ngezibalo ezinjengoJohn Hume (indawo ye-Democratic neLabourse). Ukuxhumana kwe-mfundanobhulo-mzim'imfice (i-Sn Féin) kwasiza ukucabanga kwe-livelvelment i-intern propart - relitiventinal (eventination)

[ Izici ezihlangene nazo zafeza indima. Ukuphela kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi kwenza kwaba lula nge-U.S. ukuhileleka ngaphandle kokucasula i-UK. i-European Union yanikeza izimali kanye nohlelo lokubambisana olwadambisa izikhawu zobubusi. Impumelelo yesivumelwano ekuqedeni ubudlova obukhulu obuyisilinganiso eNyakatho Ireland yenze kwaba yisibonelo sabenzi bokuthula emongweni owahlukene njengeColombia, iSri Lanka, iBalkan, neMpumalanga Ephakathi. Nokho, ukusebenzisa izifundo zayo kudinga ukunaka okucophelelayo ezimweni zendawo nokuqaphela amaphutha nebhizinisi angapheliseki asele.

Izifundo Eziyinhloko Esivumelwaneni

I - Good Wear Agreement inezimiso nemikhuba eminingi enganikeza ulwazi lokuthula esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuhlanganyela Okuhlanganisa Ukuxoxa Nokubamba

Ingxoxo ehlanganisayo yayingesona nje isiqubulo phakathi nenqubo yokuthula; kwakuyimfuneko yokwakha. Abaklami balesivumelwano bagwema “ukusebenza ngenhla” okwakubekwe ohulumeni baseBrithani nabase-Ireland. Kunalokho, baphikelela ngokuthi noma yisiphi isikhala esisebenzayo kumelwe sixoxwe namaqembu amelelwa kakhulu ubudlova. Lokhu kwakuhlanganisa ukumema uSinn Féin . Iphiko lezombangazwe le-IRA + , ukunyakaza okwakudide kakhulu okwathiwa yimpikiswano enkulu ngalesosikhathi kodwa kwabonakala kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni imvume ye-Riphabliki.

Isizathu sokuba abadlali abangafakwanga bangakhokhi, besebenzisa ubudlova noma isiphazamiso ekususeni ukuthula. Ngokuletha amaqembu ahlomile ezombangazwe (nezimo ezifana nokuyeka ukudubula neMitchell Principles), inqubo eyakha izisusa zokulalela. Nokho, ukulawulwa kwezentengiselwano kungafuna nokulawula ukuhweba-ngaphandle: ukunikeza amaqembu ayenze izenzo zobudlova iqophelo lokususa izisulu nomphakathi owandisiwe. Inqubo yaseNyakatho Ireland ikhuluma ngalokhu ngokugcizelela izibophopholo ezihlangene amalungelo abantu, ukulingana, nobulungisa, kanye nobulungisa[FLT], ngaleyondlela, ekusebenziseni lokho okungenziwangabuswanga ubudlova. Abakhokhisi besikhathi esizayo bangamukela izigwebo bonke abantu abathatha izinyathelo ezifanayo, njengoba kugcizelela ukuphatha ngobudlova obusemthethweni.

Ukulinganisela Nokwanele Kwamandla Ayinkimbinkimbi

Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu se-Good Wear Advement i- i-compatication yesimiso esibekwe i-Northern Ireland Assembly. Ngokungafani nesimiso sephalamende lapho iqembu elikhulu likha khona uhulumeni, isivumelwano sidinga ukuba kokubili i-constance ne-socialist zimelelwe ekomitini yesikhulu. I-Ngqongqoshe Yokuqala nesekela leNgqongqoshe Yokuqala zikhethwa ngokuhlangene ngoMhlangano-Mhlangano, nomunye womphakathi ngamunye. Lesi lungiselelo sibizwa njalo ngokuthi “inhlangano yentando yenkolo enkulu kakhulu.” [] isithiwa noma isiphi isigaba esisodwa esizimele ukuba silawule ezinye, kanjalo sivikele amalungelo amancane.

I-wear-parent ihlanganisa ukuhlola nokulinganisela: izinqumo eziyinhloko zidinga ukusekelana phakathi konyaka ka-2017 no-2020 ngokuncintisana ngeziqu zolimi noma ngobunzima, futhi isicelo senqubo yokukhathalela sivumela idlanzana ukuba lishintshe ezindabeni ezithile ezibucayi. Lezi zikhungo zigxekwe ngokuvumela ukubekwa kwe-grid lockck (njengoba kubonwe ekuwohlokeni kokulawula phakathi kuka-201717 no-2020 ngempikiswano mayelana namalungelo olimi kanye nomshado owenani elilinganayo), kodwa ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa umphakathi ngamunye ukuthi isivumelwano ngeke sisetshenziswe kuzo. Ngoba abakhi boxolo kwezinye izindawo, isifundo siwukuthi amandla adinga ukubekwa ngokucophelela ezinvivinisweni kanye nasemdlalweni, kanti ukuxabana okuqinile kungavimbela ukuphikisana okuvamile, kanti inqubo ezombangazwe ingaphinde ivuse ivuse ivuse ivuse.

Ukusekela Nokuxhumana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Ngaphandle kokuthembisana okuphikelelayo kwabadlali bangaphandle, i-Good Wear Agreement yayingase isayinwe. Indima ka-Envoy George Mitchell ekhethekile yase-U.S. ivame ukuqokonyiswa: isineke sakhe, ukulunga komthetho, nekhono lokubeka isikhathi esimisiwe (njengeMitchell Principles” kanye ne- “proximeticism commentation") isiza ekuphoqeleleni izigidi ezidlulile ukuwohloka okuphindiwe. Kwesinye isigaba, uMitchell watshela amaqembu ukuthi,“ Uma ufuna ukuthula, uzokwenziwa. Uma ungafuni, khona, khona, ngiyaya ekhaya.” Lokho kuphoqelelwa ukuhlehla.

Ukusekela kwezwe lonke nakho kwanikeza imithombo yezimali. Uhulumeni wase-U.S. wahlukanisa usizo oluqinile lwezezomnotho eNyakatho Ireland ngaphansi kwe-International Fund ye-Ireland, eyasiza ekusekeleni imisebenzi enqamule i-communism nendalo yomsebenzi. Izimali zokwakha iEuropean Union zisekela izivumelwano zokubuyisana. Izingcezu zomhlaba wonke zahlola ukukhishwa kwezikhali nokuguqulwa kwenqubo yamaphoyisa. Isifundo sezimiso zesikhathi esizayo zokuthula sicacile:[[ amaqembu amathathu anganikeza izithuba ezithenjwayo zengxoxo, anikeze izimali zeposi ze-complictet, kanye nokucindezela lapho kungenziwa izinkulumo. Nokho, ukuhileleka kwezizwe zonke kumelwe kucelwe yizinhlangano futhi kumelwe ihloniphe ubunikazi bendawo bendawo bendawo yendawo yendawo.

Ukuyeka Ukushumayela Nendima Yokubuliswa

I-Good Wear Agreement ayizange ixazulule ekuqaleni impikiswano yezikhali zezempi, ezahlala zingenye yezimo zayo eziphikisana kakhulu. AmaRepublic, ikakhulukazi ama-IRA, ayemadolonzima ukunikeza izikhali ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso sokuthi amabutho aseBrithani ayezosusa impi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amaqembu athembekile aphikelela futhi ngokulinganisela. Isivumelwano samane sagunyaza amaqembu ahlanganyela “ukusebenzisa noma iliphi ithonya angase abe nalo ukuze afinyelele ukukhipha ithonya phakathi neminyaka emibili .a ngamabomu ukudalulaza okucishe kwaphazamisa ukuthula.

Ekugcineni, inqubo yokuqeda izikhali yaqhubekeka kancane kancane futhi ngenkinga enkulu. I- Independent International Commission on Decoming (ICD), eyayiphethwe uJenene John de Chastein, yaqondisa ukuqedwa kwezikhali ngochungechunge lwemisebenzi eyimfihlo. Isenzakalo sokugcina senzeka ngo-2005, lapho i-IRA ifaka zonke izikhali zayo ezingasetshenziswa. Nakuba le nqubo yasebenza ngokushelela, ngenxa yokuthi yayiyi-recical, iqinisekisiwe, futhi ihlangene nentuthuko yezombangazwe[. Ukuthula kwesikhathi esizayo kufanele kuhlanganise amalungiselelo acacile, amaqembu agcina isikhathi esigcweleyo ekwazi ukuwasebenzisa imishini ezimele, kodwa futhi ivumela ukuba iqhubeke futhi iqhubeke.

Ukushintsha Kwamaphoyisa Nokubusa Komthetho

Izinkathazo zabhebhethekiswa ngokwengxenye ukungathembani okusakazekile kweRoyal Ulster Constabulary (RUC), eyayingamaProthestani anamandla futhi ibonwa yizakhamuzi njengezinobandlululo. I-Good Wearver Avrence yagunyaza ukuthunjwa okukhulu kwamaphoyisa. IPatten Report (1999) yaholela ekusungulweni kweNkonzo yamaphoyisa eNyakatho Ireland (PSNIC), enegama elisha, ibheji elisha, impoqoza ihlelo elihlangene, kanye nokuhlasela kwamalungelo abantu. I-Patten Report ewuminist yamaKatolika yaqala phansi kweyeza ku-8% ngo-1990% ngo-20. Inkonzo yamaphoyisa yamisa futhi i-Propolish Board nge-somfonto yomphakathi nohlelo lwezombangazwe, kanye ne-ombmanmanman ukuze ihlole izikhalo.

Isihluthulelo sokuthatha indawo: Ukuguqulwa kwengxenye yokulondeka akuyona inguquko yangemva kokucabanga; kumele ibe yisisekelo sanoma isiphi isivumelwano sokuthula. Izindawo eziye zahlukaniswa ngamabutho okhuseleko kahulumeni zidinga izinguquko ezijulile ezinhlanganweni, izisebenzi, namasiko. Ukuqondisa kobulungu, ukubuthwa ngokukhanyayo, nezithombe zomphakathi kungasiza ekuvuseleleni ukuthembana. Isenzakalo saseNyakatho Ireland futhi sibonisa ukuthi inguquko ehlukanisayo (njengenguquko yegama lekhambiso) iyanele [1] Ukushintsha kokwakha kwangempela kuyadingeka.

Ukubhekana Nezindaba Zesikhathi Esidlule Nezisulu

I-Good Wear Advement yavuma ukuhlupheka kwezisulu nabasindayo, kodwa ayizange yakha ukululama kweqiniso elibanzi noma inqubo yokubuyisana. Kamuva umzamo wokumisa indlela ehlangene yokuzimela i-Sponsont House Adrence (2014] yabambezelelwa ukungezwani kwezombangazwe nezinselele ezingokomthetho. Leligebe liye lashiya imikhaya eminingi ingenabulungisa noma ivaliwe, futhi iye yaba umthombo oqhubekayo wengxabano. Ukuntula iqiniso eliqinile kuye kwavumela ukulandisa okuphikisanayo kwempi ukuba kuhlale kungaxazululwa, okululaza ukubuyisana isikhathi eside.

Kunezinqubo zokuthula zesikhathi esizayo, isifundo siwukuthi ukusebenzelana nesikhathi esidlule akunakubekelwa isikhathi esingapheli[. Nakuba kungadingeka ukucela ukuthunywa kweqiniso endaweni kamuva kunaphakathi nezingxoxo zokuthula ezintekenteke] umbono wendlela yokukhuluma ngokuxolelwa, ukuqulwa, ukukhunjulwa, nokukhunjulwa kufanele kuklanywe kwasekuqaleni. Imishini enjengemiyalo yeqiniso, izikhulu zezezisulu, nezindaba ezingokomlando zingahlanganisa izivumelwano zezombangazwe, kodwa zidinga ukusekelwa okubanzi, ukusekela okwanele, ukusekela, nokulunga, futhi izombangazwe ziyophumelela.

Izinselele Nokulinganiselwa Kwesivumelwano

Isivumelwano Esihle NgoLwesihlanu asiyona indlela yomlingo, siye sabhekana nobunzima obukhulu abakhi bokuthula okumelwe batadishe kanye nokuphumelela kwabo futhi siyaqhubeka sibhekana nabo.

Ukuqhubeka Nokungalawuleki Kwezombangazwe

Izinhlangano zamandla ezinakekela izikhali ziye zawa kaningi. Lokhu kuwohloka kwezimiso ze-U.Kuyekwe phakathi kuka-2002 no-2007 ngenxa yezinsolo ze-IRA nokususa izimpikiswano. Kwehla futhi kusukela ngo-2017 kuya ku-202020 ngenxa ye-Heat Incentivepart ehlasimulisayo nengxabano ebangelwa amalungelo olimi (Irish no-Ulster-Scots). Lokhu kushiyeka kubonisa ukuthi [[FLD: 0] izimiso zokulwa kwemizwa zingaba nokuthambekela ekukhubazekeni [[ lapho abantu abaningi bengenathembana noma bekhutshwa amaqembu aqinile amaqembu angaphakathi kwezindawo zabo siqu. Isicelo somsebenzi siye sasetshenziswa kabi kakhulu ezikhathini eziyikhulu, ngokuvamile eziminyangweni eziqhubekayo zemithetho efana nezokukhishwa kwezisuselwayo, lapho ekugcineni kuvikelwa khona ukuvikelwa kwemithetho engokomthetho engokomthetho esemthethweni engokomthetho, kuvinjelwe ukunqanda ukuvinywa kwezimiso zeze ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso zeze.

Ukuhlukana Okuqhubekayo Kwesimiso Sokusebenzela Uhulumeni

Iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili kuqhubeke, i-Ireland ihlala ihlukanisiwe kakhulu. Cishe i-90% yezindlu zomphakathi ihlala ihlukene phakathi phakathi kwemikhakha yomphakathi (ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa “izindonga zokuthula”), futhi izingane ezingaphezu kuka-90% zifunda izikole ezihlukene kakhulu. Isivumelwano asizange silwe ngokuqondile nokuhlukana okujulile kwezenhlalo namasiko okukhuthaza amahlelo, ngaphandle kokulingana kwemithetho kanye nokuhlangana kwezimali zomphakathi. Nakuba ubudlova bunciphe kakhulu, i-cohestionation ayizange ilandele ngokuzenzakalela ezinhlanganweni zezombangazwe [. Izinqubo zokuthula zesikhathi esizayo kufanele zifake kakhulu emfundweni yemfundo ehlangene, izindlu ezihlanganyelwanayo, nokuxhumana okuhlangane nesekwethulile ezingenisweni zomphakathi, ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kombuso wokuthula kuyinkathi yokuqala.

Ubudlova BaseSpectal Nomsebenzi Wempi

Amaqembu amakhulu ezempi (IVF, UDA) aye aqeda futhi aqeda imisebenzi emikhulu, kodwa amaqembu aphikisanayo e-republic (njengalawo ama-IRA nama-IRA ahlukene) ayaqhubeka ehlasela. Amabutho athembekile ayaqhubeka ematasa ebugebengwini obuhleliwe nanobudlova. Amaqembu asebenza ngokumelene nalezi zinsalela ahlala eyinselele, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukusekela komphakathi abaphikisi kodwa kunganyamalali. Isifundo siwukuthi [[FLT: 0] ukulwa akuqedisi ukucwasana [[FLT: 1]. Amaqembu angahlala ekhona ezinhlanganweni zobugebengu, futhi amanye amalungu angamelana nokuhleleka okusha. Izivumelwano zokuthula zidinga ukuxoxa kwezezomnotho nezokubuyisela izinhlangano zezezenhlalo, ukunikeza umthetho, nokuzigcina umthetho.

Umbuzo We - Brexit Nomngcele Ongantengantengi

Mhlawumbe inselele enkulu kakhulu eMbusweni weSivumelwano saseGood Wesihlanu elungile yavela esenzekeni okungekho owabona ngaphambili ngo-1998: isinqumo se-United Kingdom sokushiya i-European Union. I-Northern Ireland Protocol (manje i-Windsor Framework) yadala umngcele wezohwebo e-Ireland Sea, ophazamisayo owabona ukuthi i-propatialth commentation inciphisa ukuhlangana okungokomthetho neGreat Britain. Lokhu kuye kwaphazamisa amandla amabutho amabutho entando yentando yeningi, ne-Didemocratic Union ekthenwada i-Propolate isukela ekuvuleni konyaka ka-2022 kuya ekuqaleni kuka-2024. Umphakathi we-FFFFRGUPriver umbano oluhle kakhulu. Umphakathi wombuso wombuso wombuso we-odldernstivel. Umphakathi owengasime ngokubambisana kwempi ungasala.

Izizathu Zokwakha Ukuthula Kwesikhathi Esizayo

Njengoba izingxabano zaseColombia, eSiriya, eMyanmar, e - Ethiopia, e - Ukraine nakwezinye izindawo ziveza izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuthula, lokhu kuveza imiphumela elandelayo.

Yenza Ingxoxo Ephelele Ibe Isekuqaleni

Enyakatho ne-Ireland, ukuthula okunenjongo kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa abadlali abahlomile abahloselwe ukulwa nemithetho yesizwe. Ukuthula kumelwe kulinganiswe nezimo (imililo engokomthetho, izibopho zabantu) nakuba besolwa kakhulu. EColombia, inqubo yokuthula neFARC ngokufanayo yadinga ukuba kungenelwe iqembu labashokobezi eliphethe izenzo zonya. E-Siriya naseMyanmar, noma yikuphi ukuthula okunenjongo kuzodingeka kuhlanganise abadlali abahlomile abahlomile. Ukuthula okunezinto kumelwe kuhlanganiswe nezimo zentando yeningi (imfuculo, izibopho zamalungelo abantu), kodwa amaqembu ahlomile ahlomile ngokuvamile kunwe impi [. Izindaba ezinhle ziwukuba ukuzinikela kombuso wentando yeningi, okungekhona ubudlova, nokungangenisi, futhi kufakwe kwezinye izimo, njengasemongokwase-Osbosbossss Colombia se-Colombia se-Colombia kuqhubekelectivectivetion.

Ukusekela Ukuklama Kwamandla Okuvumela Uhulumeni Ukuba Usebenze

Izinhlangano ezihlanganisa abantu ziye zalungisa i-Northern Ireland kodwa zabangela futhi i-gridlock. Ezinye izibonelo, njenge-Bosnia nesimiso sokusebenza kwezeHerzegovina, ziye zabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kakhulu. Abaqondisi be-aces boxolo kufanele bacabangele izimpawu ezihlukile noma ukuxubana okuxubile [, njengokuhlanganiswa okukhulu okuhambisana nokushona kwelanga, ukujikeleza kwezikhulu zempi, noma izihlalo ezigciniwe zeqembu elincane ngaphandle kwemithetho. Ama-Mechanonyism awes alungisa ukunqanda ukufa kwezikhulu, njengokuhlinzwa kwendikimba engakhethi yakuqala, kungavimbela ukuvinjelwa okuphelele. Isihluthulelo siwukulinganisela okuncitshiswa nokubusa kweqembu.

I - leverge International Nesifunda Sokusekela

IU.S.-U.K.-Ireland-Exus yanikeza ukuhambelana kwezizwe, ukuxhasa, nokuqondisa. Izinqubo zokuthula zesikhathi esizayo nazo ngokufanayo kufanele zakhe [[FLT: 0]] izingqimba ezihlangene zabasekeli bangaphandle, kuhlanganise nezinhlangano zezifunda (umz., i-ASTEAN), iZizwe Ezihlangene ngoMnyango Wezokuthula, i-ASTIAN), i-United Nations ngoMnyango wokubambisana kwezezomthetho noma i-Paint Accombian Office esekela iHofisi, kanye nezifunda ezinamandla. Nokho, kubalulekile ukugwema ukunikezela noma ukuxhumana komphakathi owodwa. Icala lase-North Ireland lithola usizo kakhulu, kuyilapho i-UK ne-Ireland yayihileleke ngokuqondile ezimpini ezimpini ezizweni ezisezweni ezisezweni ezihlukene, kanye nezinhlanganye (indawo ezisezweni ezisezweni ezihlukene) zingasekela inzuzo ezikude.

Ukulondeka Okungenawo Amanzi, Ubulungisa, Nentuthuko

Enye yamandla alesi sivumelwano kwakuwukuhlanganisa izinhlangano zezombangazwe nenguquko yamaphoyisa, ukuqeda ukubusa, nokuhlela umthetho ngokulinganayo. Ukuthula kwesikhathi esizayo kumelwe kuhlanganiswe ngokulinganayo, kuxhumene nokuqedwa kwezikhali, ukubekwa phansi kwezikhali, nokubuyiselwa futhi kwezinhlelo (DDR), inguquko yezokuphepha eqenjini (SR), kanye nomthetho. Kodwa ukucubungula kulinganiselwe futhi kulinganiselwe, ukuzama ukuxazulula yonke impikiswano ngesikhathi esisodwa kungaqeda inqubo. Izivumelwano zokuqala zingagxila ekunqandeni ubudlova nasekumiseni izinqubo zokubusa eziyisisekelo, kuyilapho kamuva kunezinguquko ezijulile. I-Goold Betwetwe Ression ngokwayo ibambe imininingwane eminingi, ithemba ukulawulwa okusha kokuzigcwalisa. Lokhu kwakunamandla kanye nokuncintisana okukhona kamuva.

Yakha Ukubuyisana Kwezenhlalo Ngaphansi Kwendawo Yezombangazwe

Ukwehluleka okulinganiselwe kokuhlukanisa umphakathi eNorthern Ireland kusikisela ukuthi izivumelwano zokuthula kufanele zihlanganise ukuhlanganisa, amasu axhaswe ngokuxhaswayo okuhlanganisa abantu kusukela ngosuku olulodwa. Imfundo ephambaniswe, ukusungula izindlu zokuhlala, ukuhlanganisa izindawo zomphakathi, kanye nokulandisa okuvamile okungokomlando okuvamile kudinga ukugcinwa kwemali kanye nokuhola kwezombangazwe. Izinqubo eziningi zokuthula ziphuthuma enqubeni nasekuhlelenini lapho zidebeselele umsebenzi wobuhlaza. I-Colombian, ngokwesibonelo, ihlanganisa inguquko ebanzi yasemaphandleni ehloselwe ukuhlanganisa izivumelwano zokungalinganiswa okungavumelaniselani okungakho ezimpikiswayo kwe-Northern Ireland. Abakhi besikhathi esizayo bangaboleka ekuboneni okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Qoth se-Qoth eNingizimu Afrika nase-Gerceance, noma umphakathi we-Rwanda, lapho besebenzisa ngisho nomphakathi wendawo sendawo sendawo sendawo sawodwa.

Ukucabanga Ngezishayo Zangaphandle

Brexit wadalula ukungenwa kwe-Good Wear Agreement ekushintsheni kwezentengiselwano zangaphandle kwezomnotho nezezombangazwe. Izinqubo zokuthula azivamile ukudlula; kumelwe zihlanganise izinqubo zokubusa ezingasabela ekushintsheni izimo (izimpi zezohwebo, ukufuduka, ukugeleza, imibhadane, noma ukuguquguquka kwezezwe. OCelas avumela ukubukezwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuxabana kwamaqembu amathathu, kanye nokuphatha imithombo ehlangene ehlangeneyo (njengemisebe yamandla noma amanzi) kunganciphisa ukunelisa impumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivumelwano kufanele “singeniswe ezindaweni ezinziswayo zezwe, kuqinise ukuthi ukuhlangana kwezomnotho nokubambisana nokubambisana kokuphepha.

Isiphetho

I-Good Wear Agreement isalokhu iyimpumelelo ephawulekayo ekwakheni ukuthula, ibonisa ukuthi ngisho nezingxabano ezinkulu ezingalawuleki zingabangela ukuxoxisana kwesineke, ukusungulwa kwezimiso, nokusekelwa okuqinile kwezizwe zomhlaba. Izimiso zayo eziyisisekelo ``ingxoxo ehlanganisayo, ukuqondisa okulinganiselwe kwamandla, ukuqondisa kokuzibusa, kanye nenguquko ebanzi /ukuqondisa okuhlala njalo. Kodwa ukulinganiselwa kwalesivumelwano kusebenza njengesixwayiso: amagopheli ezombangazwe kuphela awanakuqeda amanxeba ajulile, futhi impumelelo idinga ukukwazi ukuvumelana, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokushintsha kwamaqiniso esayensi yezwe.

Njengoba abakhi boxolo bebheka ukusebenzisa lezi zifundo ezimpini eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eBalkan, e-Saharan, noma ezindaweni zangemva kwe-Soviet, kumelwe benze kanjalo ngokuthobeka. Zonke izimpi zihlukile; indlela yasenyakatho Ireland ayisona isilinganisi sendawo yonke. Kodwa izimiso zokuhlonipha ukubungani, ukuqinisekisa ukulingana, ukwakha ukuthembana, nokubambisana komphakathi kungahlotshaniswa nezindawo ezihlukile. Ikusasa lokwakha ukuthula alixhomekile ekukopisheni i-Good Wesihlanu kodwa ekuqondeni ukuthi kungani i-Rwenthrever Arence kodwa ukuthi isebenza kanjani futhi ingasebenzi kade kangakanani. Ngokuhlanganisa lezo zimiso zokuqonda nezingeniso ezintsha, umphakathi wembulunga yonke ungasekela kangcono umsebenzi onzima, wokuyeka ukushisa umlilo ngokuhlala njalo.