Kufakazelwa phambi kwekomiti yenhlangano kungezinye zezindlela eziqondile zokuthonya isimiso sikahulumeni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umelela inxusa likahulumeni, inhlangano engazuzisi, inhlangano yomuntu siqu, noma inhlangano yezemfundo, ubufakazi bakho bungamisa umthetho, ukuqondisa, futhi buthinte inkulumo yeningi. Izigxobo ziphakeme: inkulumo edluliselwe kahle ingakha ukuthembeka nokuthatha isinyathelo, kuyilapho engakulungele kungalulaza wonke umzamo wakho. Izenzo ezilandelayo zinikeza uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ubufakazi obunembile, obuyengayo, obuyengayo, nenhlonipho ngesikhathi nomsebenzi wekomiti.

Ukuqonda Injongo Nokulalela

Izwi ngalinye lengqungquthela linenjongo eqondile(-"legislate, umqondisi, uphenyiso, noma ukuqinisekisa."Ngaphambi kokuba ubhale igama elilodwa, kumelwe uqonde leyonjongo nendlela ubufakazi bakho obuvumelana ngayo kuyo. Izisebenzi zekomiti ngokuvamile zikhipha ukuzwa okuchaza indaba, ofakazi, namalungu emibuzo okungase kuhlolwe. Funda ngokucophelela leyo ngxoxo. Uma ingekho obala, thintana nezisebenzi eziningi noma idlanzana elicela isiqondiso.

Yazi Uhlobo Lwezindlebe

Ukuzwa kwemithetho kugxila ezikweletini ezithile noma ezihlongozweni. Ubufakazi bakho kufanele busekele noma bucele umthetho ngobufakazi obuqinile nobufakazi obucacile. Ukuzwa ngokuqondisisisa kuhlola ukumiswa kwemithetho ekhona noma ukusebenza kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni. Lapha, umsebenzi wakho ukuqokomisa impumelelo, ukuphawula izikhala, nokusikisela isenzo sokulungisa. Ukuzwa komngenisi kufaka emacaleni okuthi ukuziphatha okubi noma ukuhluleka; ubufakazi bakho kumelwe bubhalwe ngokunembe kakhulu futhi bulindele ukubuzwa ngemibuzo esemthethweni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlola u-aminees zesikhundla esiphezulu noma sokwahlulela, futhi ubufakazi bakho kufanele bukhulume ngezimo ze-mgeverse.

Yazi Ikomiti Namalungu Alo

AmaKomiti ahluka kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwawo kwezombangazwe, ubuchwepheshe, nezinto eziza kuqala. Hlola amalungu azo ayoba khona. Hlola amazwi awo amuva, amarekhodi okuvota, nezindawo ezithakazelisayo. Uma ubizwa ukuba ufakaze phambi kwekomiti encane, futhi funda ngesihlalo nesimiso selungu eliphezulu. Unikeze amazwi akho okuvula ukuze uvume izinto eziwakhathazayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isihlalo sinomlando wokusekela ukuvota, hlela ukutusa kwakho ngokuvumelana nombono ovumelana nalowo mbono. Nokho, ungalulazi isikhundla sakho; nokho, ubuqotho bukhulu.

Yazi ukuthi amalungu anesikhathi esilinganiselwe futhi ngokuvamile kumelwe ahambe ayovota noma okunye ukuzwa. Ubufakazi bakho kumelwe buhloniphe lokho okuphoqelelwe ngokuba sobala, okufingqiwe, nokuthwetshulwe ngamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu. Ake ucabange ukuthi unemizuzu emibili kuya kwemitha emithathu yokunaka okungaguquguquki ngaphambi kokuba ingqondo yelungu izungezwe.

Ukucwaninga Ngokucophelela Nokuqoqa Ubufakazi

Ukuvumelana kuyimali yobufakazi obuyi-cornionation. Ukuqinisekisa ngalokhu okushoyo kumelwe kusekelwe ebufakazini obunokwethenjelwa. Qala ngokuqoqa imithombo eyinhloko: imibiko kahulumeni, izifundo zemfundo, imininingwane yezezimali, nokucubungula okungokomthetho. I-Congregational Research Service (CRS) ne-Hulumeni Accounting Office (GAO) ikhiqiza imibiko engasekelwe ebhaliswe kakhulu phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala. Yisebenziseni ukuze isekele izimpikiswano zenu ngokwemininingwane eqinisekisiwe.

Izinhlobo Zobufakazi Okumelwe Zigcinwe

  • Imininingwane e-Quantitive: Izibalo ezivela kuma-datamu kahulumeni (umzk., Bureau of Labor Statistics, Censure Bureau, NIH) noma ukucwaninga kobuso obunedumela elithembekile (umz., Pew Research Center, RANDRC). Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lungolwamuva futhi lunemibhobhoko ngokwanele ukusekela iziphakamiso zakho.
  • Ubufakazi obungokwenani: ukuhlola i-Case, izingxoxo zochwepheshe, kanye nohlelo olubonisa ithonya lomuntu ezimisweni. Izindaba zomuntu siqu ezivela kumalungu noma izisebenzi zasensimini zingaba namandla, kodwa kumelwe ziqinisekiswe futhi zimele.
  • [[IZIkhombo:0] Izibalo ezisemthethweni nezilawulayo: imicabango ezimisweni, iziqondiso, noma izinqumo zenkantolo ezichaza indawo engokomthetho ekhona. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqulweni kwemithetho lapho amalungu ecabangela khona ukubuyiselwa.
  • Izifanekiso ezihlukahlukayo: Izibonelo ezivela ezifundeni noma kwamanye amazwe eziye zasebenzisa izimiso ezifanayo. Ukubonisa okuye kwasebenza kwenye indawo kungaqinisa ukutusa kwakho.

Ukugxeka Umthombo Wakho

Unganciki emazwini afushanisiwe asetshenziswayo. Uma ufakaza ngokomthetho, cela umuntu omethembayo ukuba adlale ubandlululo, futhi uqaphele ukuthi ikuphi ukulinganiselwa. Iphutha elilodwa lingabanjwa ilungu eliphikisayo futhi lilulaze wonke ubufakazi bakho. Uma inhlangano yakho inomnyango wokucwaninga, yibanze ihlole ubufakazi obugciniwe. Uma ufakaza njengomuntu omethembayo, cela umngane wakho othembekile ukuba adlale umxhasi kadeveli. Lungise uhlu lokuhlola ongalunikeza ekomitini uma ucela. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuveza ukwethenjwa kwakho kodwa futhi kubonisa ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wakho wesikole.

Ukuhlela Nokuhlela Ubufakazi Bakho

Ubufakazi obuhlelwe kahle busiza amalungu alandela impikiswano yakho futhi asheshe athole amaphuzu ayinhloko. Amakomiti amaningi adinga amazwi abhaliwe adluliselwe ngaphambi kokuthethwa kwecala. Lelo dokhumende kufanele liklanyelwe kokubili ukudluliselwa ngomlomo kanye nokukhomba kwamuva ngezisebenzi nomphakathi.

Ingxenye yesihlanu

  1. Isihloko nesibonakaliso: Hlanganisa igama lakho eliphelele, isihloko, inhlangano, nesihloko sokuzwa. Faka umusho ofushanisa umyalezo wakho oyinhloko.
  2. I-Introduction:[ Isho injongo yobufakazi bakho, bonga ikomiti ngesimemo, futhi umise isikhashana ubuchwepheshe bakho. Lokhu akufanele kube izigaba ezimbili.
  3. Isishwankathelo esiphethe: Sinikeza ukuhlolwa kwesigaba esisodwa samaphuzu akho ayinhloko kanye nokutusa. Amalungu amaningi afunda lengxenye kuphela ngaphambi kokuzwa. Qiniseka ukuthi ima yodwa futhi ibamba impikiswano yakho eyinhloko.
  4. Uhlukanisa umzimba ube yiziqeshana ezicacile, eziphawulwe (umz., “Isimo samanje sika-X,”“Isizathu Sokuba Ukushintsha Kudingeke,”. Sebenzisa izihlokwana ezifanelana nezithakazelo zekomiti. Ingxenye ngayinye kufanele inikeze umqondo owodwa osekelwa ubufakazi. Gwema amaza.
  5. Ukuqamba bese ubiza ukuba uthathe isinyathelo: Fingqa okutholile, phinda futhi ukutusa kwakho okukhulu, bese unikeza impendulo yemibuzo. Gquma entweni ebheke phambili.

Ukuklanyelwa Ukuba Kube Khona

AmaKomiti adinga umbhalo obekwe kabili nge-intshi eyodwa emngceleni kanye negama elithile. Qinisekisa imithetho yokuhlela ngezisebenzi zekomiti. Ngaphakathi kwalesosakhiwo, sebenzisa amabhande noma omalukeke ngokuqapha ukugcizelela amagama agxekayo. Amaphuzu ebhulukwe (ekuthobeleni kwakho okubhaliwe) angasiza ekuphuleni ukwaziswa okuminyene, kodwa uma ukhuluma ngomlomo, ungamane ufunde izinhlamvu − chaza. Uma ubhala amakhasi akho bese ufaka isihloko sakho ngegama lakho.

Ubude bezindaba. Indlu neSigele zinemithetho ehlukene, kodwa amazwi ashiwo ngomlomo afana namagama abhalwe ngemizuzu engu-10 acishe abe ngu-1,500-2,000. Ukuzithoba okubhaliwe kungaba kude, kodwa kugcine kugxile. Uma kumelwe udlulise isilinganiso segama, hlanganisa isifushaniso sekhasi elilodwa elisheshayo sekomiti.

Ukubhala Ubufakazi Obucacile Nobushukumisayo

Abenzi bezomthetho abamatasa nezisebenzi zabo okungenzeka abayazi kahle indaba yakho, kumelwe basebenzise lezi zindlela ezilandelayo ukuze benze ukubhala kwenu kucace futhi kunxenxe.

Sebenzisa Ulimi Olungenangqondo Nezwi Elisebenzayo

Gwema u-jagon, ama-acronym, kanye namagama obuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokuba aqondwa yonke indawo. Uma kumelwe usebenzise igama elikhethekile, lichaze ngokokuqala. Ukhetha izwi elikhuthele: “Uhlelo lwasindisa imisebenzi engu-10 000” inamandla kakhulu kuno-“misebenzi engu-10 000 eyasindiswa uhlelo.” Sebenzisa imisho emifushane kanye nokushintsha okunengqondo.

Ukulandisa Ngendaba Yama - Ircorpote

Izibonelo ezivumelanayo kanye zenza ubufakazi bakho bukhumbuleke. I-accementtetetete mayelana nesiguli esisizwa uhlelo lwezempilo, ibhizinisi elincane elizuziwe yimvume, noma umphakathi olinyazwe yigebe lenqubo ungenza izibalo zibe yiqiniso. Kodwa uqinisekisa ukuthi indaba iyiqiniso nokuthi unemvume yokuhlanganyela noma yiziphi imininingwane yomuntu siqu. Indaba ngayinye inesifundo esicacile: “Lendaba ibonisa ukuthi kungani kumelwe sifake imali yesimiso X.”

Ukulindela Izimpikiswano

Khuluma ngokuqondile izimpikiswano okungenzeka ukuthi zikhona, mhlawumbe ngokuchaza ukuthi kungani ubufakazi bakho bunamandla noma ngokusikisela ukuba uhlehle. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uye wayicabangela kahle le ndaba futhi wakha ukwethemba amalungu angase abe nezikhundla ezihlukile.

Izisetshenziswa zeRheoricat zokusebenzisa(*) kanye nokugwema

Sebenzisa: ukuphinda-phinda imisho eyisihluthulelo, imibuzo engathakazelisi eqondisa isilaleli esiphethweni sakho, kanye nokuhambelana (umz., “Lenkambiso ayikho kuphela okubizayo; futhi ikhona futhi egunyaziwe, ekwaziwayo, futhi ethandwayo ngabavoti.”).

Gwema: ihaba (lena iyinhlekelele embi kakhulu emlandweni”), ukuxhaphaza ngokomzwelo, nokuqhathanisa kakhulu. Namathela emaqinisweni futhi uvumele ubufakazi buthwale umzwelo.

Ukuzijwayeza Nokudla

Ofakazi abangcono kakhulu baprakthiza kakhulu futhi bafune ukuqashwa okuqotho.

Ukuzwakala Kwamaphaphu

Hlanganisa iqembu elincane lasebenza nabo noma abashayeli ukuba badlale indima njengelungu lekomiti. Babuze imibuzo enzima, engalindelekile. Prakthiza ukuhlala umlayezo ngisho nalapho ubhekene nemibuzo enonya noma engangeni ndawo. Khuluma futhi ubukeze isiqephu, ukubheka emehlweni, nolimi lomzimba. Umgomo wokuthuthukisa ukucwenga nokunciphisa amagama agcwalisiweyo njenge- “um,” “uyazi,” futhi“ njenga.”

Ukumisa Amazwi Akho Akhulumayo

Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi uyoba nesikhathi esiqinile cishe imizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyishumi. Uma ufunda futhi usika ngendlela enonya. Uma ufakazi wakho ogcwele ungoma 2 000 wamagama, sebenzisa inguqulo yomlomo ethinta amaphuzu avelele emizuzwini eyishumi. Ungazami ukufunda wonke umbhalo obhaliwe; kunalokho, wufushanise futhi ubhekise amalungu emibhalo ephelele. Lokhu kubonisa ukuhlonipha isimiso sekomiti.

Ukufuna Ukudliwa Kwangaphandle

Cela uchwepheshe wezokuxhumana noma othile ongajwayelene nawe ukuba ahlole indlela ozobhala ngayo. Uma beqonda amaphuzu akho ayinhloko kowodwa ufunde ngawo wonke, ubufakazi bakho bucacile. Uma bulahlekile, kudingeka ube lula. Ukuphendula ngezwi eliphansi, kodwa uhlale uthembekile ebufakazini bakho.

Ukulungiselela Indawo Okuzwa Kuyo

Akuyona nje into efakazela amagama; kuphathelene nokuba khona, ukuqapha, nokuqapha.

Ubuciko Nobuchwepheshe

Qinisekisa usuku lokuzwa, isikhathi, indawo, nenombolo yegumbi. Fika okungenani kusasele imizuzu engu-30. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa izinsiza-kubona njengamaslide, amashadi, noma amavidiyo, qinisekisa ukuthi isimiso sekomiti sisekela uhlelo lwakho. Amakomiti amaningi asebenzisa izikripti nemibhobho eyakhiwe. Dwelisa amakhophi akho obufakazi nge-SB ngemoto nangendlela ebhaliwe.

Ukugqoka Nendlela Engafanele

Kulindeleke umthetho webhizinisi: isuthi nothayi kumadoda, izingubo ezifanayo nabesifazane. Gwema amakha anamandla, noma noma yini ephazamisayo. Uma uqaphela, yibiza isihlalo ngokuthi “Mnumzane,” noma“ Isihlalo sikaMadamu,” futhi ubhekisele emalungwini ngokuthi “Sifekethisi” noma“ Umakoti” (noma “Isigebengu” esisesigeqeni). Yima ugcine umsindo ozolile, ohloniphekile ngisho noma amalungu eba yisilwi. Ungaphazamisi; lindela ukuphendula kwakho.

Ukusebenza Nomphathi WeKomiti

Abasizi bangabasizi bakho. Ziveze phambi kwecala, veza ukuzimisela kwakho ukunikeza ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, futhi ubabonge ngosizo lwabo. Uma kunezinkinga zobuchwepheshe noma izinguquko zokugcina, izisebenzi zingasiza. Ukwakha ubuhlobo obuhle nabo kungaholela futhi emathubeni esikhathi esizayo okunikeza ukwaziswa okungochwepheshe.

Isiqephu sombuzo-nempendulo

I-Q&A ibaluleke kakhulu kunenkulumo yakho yokuqala. Yilapho amalungu ehlola khona ukujula kolwazi lwakho, ahlole izimpikiswano zakho, futhi afune izibopho eziqinile. Lulungiselele kahle njengoba ulungiselela ubufakazi bakho.

Cabanga Ngemibuzo

Sebenzelani neqembu lenu ukuxoxa ngemibuzo yonke engenzeka, kuhlanganise nenonya. Lungiselela izimpendulo ezimfushane, ezisekelwe kubufakazi ezinganikezwa ngemizuzwana engu-30-60. Gxila esigijimini sakho esiyinhloko; ungahudulelwa ezimpikiswaneni eziwubukhazikhazi. Uma ungazi impendulo, yisho ngobuqotho: “Anginawo lawolwazi kimi, kodwa ngizozinika ikomiti ngokushesha.” Ungalokothi uthatheke.

Ubuciko Bokubhaxabulwa

Sebenzisa imisho ehlabayo ukuze ubuyele emaphuzwini akho ayinhloko: “Lokhu kungumbuzo omuhle, kodwa obaluleke kakhulu...” noma “Nginganezela ukuthi ukwaziswa kwethu kubonisa indlela ehlukile...” Lendlela ikwenza ulawule ngaphandle kokubalekela.

Ukusingatha Imibuzo Yempi

Ungazigodli futhi uhloniphe. Phinda umbuzo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uqonda kahle. Uma ilungu liveza ubufakazi bakho ngendlela eyiphutha, libalungise ngomoya ophansi: “Ngiyabonga, mkhandlu, kodwa akunjalo lokho okushiwo ubufakazi bami. Mangicacise...” Ungaziphindiseli noma uphikise; ilungu liphethe amandla, kodwa ukuziphatha okuhle kuzuza inhlonipho futhi kungalinganisela iphimbo.

Isiphetho: Ukwenza Ubufakazi Bakho Bube Nenzuzo

Ubufakazi bokulungiselela ukuzwa kwengqungquthela buyinqubo enzima, kodwa futhi kuyithuba lokuthuthukisa inhloso yakho nokwaziswa. Ngokuqonda ikomiti nenjongo yayo, umisa zonke izimpikiswano ngobufakazi obuqinile, uvumelanisa inkulumo yakho ukuze icace, ubhale ngekhono lokuthonya nangolimi olucacile, uprakthize ngenkuthalo, futhi uqondise igumbi lokuzwa ngekhono lakho lobungcweti, uzimisa ukuba ube nethonya langempela.

Ukuze uthole esinye isiqondiso, hlola imithombo engokomthetho njenge- Committee yendlu eMthethweni[ ne Committee Committee on Mic[. IKhompyutha yokucwaninga futhi ikhipha iziqondiso ezicacile phambi kwe-Congress. Ekugcineni, ibukeza ukutuswa kwezinhlangano ezingathathi zi-partistiki njenge-Octal Office yemithetho yohulumeni [[ yemistry yemistry yemistry. Ngokulungiselela ngokucophelela, ubufakazi bakho bungaba yithuluzi elinamandla lokushintsha.