I-Australian Treasury isebenza njengenhlangano yezezomnotho ephethe kuhulumeni kahulumeni, isebenza ngokucebisa nokusebenzisa imithetho elawula indawo ezungezile yezwe. Eminyakeni yamuva, injongo yokulondoloza nokuthuthukisa ithemba labathengi iye yaba isisekelo esiyinhloko senqubo yezentengiselwano zezomnotho. Ngemva kokushaqeka okungakaze kubonwe kwenqubo yeCOVID-19, elandelwa inkathi yokwehla kwamandla emali nenzalo ekhuphukayo ekhuphukayo, ukuthengwa komzwelo wase-Australia kuye kwathola i-CHOral. Izimiso zemali yemali ziye zaqondiswa ekunciphiseni lokhu kushaqikelelo lapho ibeka isisekelo sokukhula okunganqamukiyo. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola indlela eqondile, umlando, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwezentengo yezentengo yokwayo ekwakhele ukuthuthukisa ukuthemba phakathi kwe-ftware yezomthetho.

Isisekelo: Umthetho Wemali Nesigwebo Semali

Ithemba eliqinisekile lilinganisa indlela imikhaya enethemba ngayo ngesimo sayo sezimali nombono okhudlwana wezomnotho. Uma ukuthembana kuphakeme, abathengi bathambekele kakhulu ekusebenziseni imali, ukufunza imali nenzuzo yezentengiselwano. Uma iphansi, ukugcina izivumelwano kuba yindawo yokuqala, ukuchitha, nokuwohloka kwezomnotho kungaba yimbi kakhulu. I-Cetatein iyaqaphela ukuthi isimiso sokulawula izimali sithonya ngokuqondile kulomuzwa. Ngokuhlela ukukhokha intela nohulumeni, izimali zingafaka ukungcola kwezomnotho, ukusekela inzuzo yemikhaya, noma ukwakha indawo emile engokomnotho ekhuthaza ukutshala imali engokongasese. Ubuhlobo phakathi kwenqubo kanye nemizwa abunakele bungaqondile ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa umphumela ophawulekayo wokuphatha okungoko.

Ukuchaza Umthetho We - Fiscal Embhalweni Wase - Australia

E-Australia, umthetho wemali we-féderal Bal Bal owenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngenqubo yaminyaka yonke, ehlela intela kahulumeni kanye namasu akhele ukuyisebenzisa. Izimali zinomthwalo wokulungisa izibikezelo zezomnotho nokucebisa ngezindlela zokuhlela. Lelicebo lihloselwe ukulinganisela imali phakathi nomjikelezo wezomnotho, livumela ukushiyeka phakathi nokuwohloka kwezomnotho kanye nokuncishiswa kwemali phakathi nokunyuka kwemali ukuze kwakhiwe izikhawu zemali. Ukunikezelwa kweHlazeli kuhilela ukwenza ukukhetha okunzima ngokuphathelene nokusebenzisa izinto eziza kuqala nezinhlelo zentela, konke okuhlanganisa icebo likahulumeni lezomnotho nezamabhizinisi. Indima yezimali iwukubala izibalo "inani elihambisana nemithetho ehlukene yokuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwazo ukuthengwa ngaphandle kwezomnotho.

Okwenza Ukuba Ithemba Labathengisi Libe Yizinto Ezibalulekile Ekusimameni Kwezomnotho

I-Westpac Melbourne Institute Consumer Sentiment Index inikeza i-Exchange eqondile emzwelweni wasekhaya. Uma lolu hlu lwehlela ngaphansi kwekhulu, ipessimists ikhuthaza ukuziphatha okukhuthaza ukuphumelela kwemali edingekayo. UJobe ugcina inzuzo engcono kakhulu ekhokhwayo. Imithetho ye-Westpac Melbourne Institute Consumer Sentiment inikeza ukufundwa okuqondile kwemali engaphansi kwekhulu, ipessimist, iphawula ukulahlekelwa yimali eseleni. Imali encitshisiwe encishisiwe emalini ekhokhelwayo, ngokuvamile iphawu lokunga imali esele inzuzo engcono ngaphambili. Inkokheli esekela kakhulu isilinganiso semali, isebenzise ukuxhumana okusobala phakathi kwezisebenzi, i-Fiscal ihlela ukuqinisa ukuthembana kwezentengo yesikhashana noma ukudluliswa kwemali phakathi kwezindleko zemali phakathi komkhampatho.

Umbono Ongokomlando: Isihluthulelo Sokungenela

Umlando wamuva wezomnotho wase-Australia unikeza ukuhlola okucacile kwezezimali ze-Ethermeter esebenzisa isimiso sezezimali ukuze kuqinisekiswe umnotho nokusekelwa phakathi nezikhathi zokucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphandle. Lokhu kungenela kuye kwalololonga ulwazi lwenhlangano nezimiso ezisetshenziswayo namuhla.

Ukusabela Kwezinkinga Zezomnotho Zembulunga Yonke (2008 - 2009)

Ngokungafani nontanga bayo abaningi bembulunga yonke, i-Australia yagwema ukuntengantenga kwemali phakathi ne-Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Lokhu ngokwengxenye kwakungenxa yesidingo esinamandla eChina, kodwa ukusabela kwesimiso sezezimali kwasetshenziswa. Uhulumeni, welulekwa yi-Mooral, wasebenzisa iziphakamiso eziphambili ezishukumisayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhokha imali emakhaya (ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa ekutheni i-"cshchashaza""") kanye nokutshala izakhiwo zezekelo oluqinile ngokuhlola uhlelo lwezemfundo. Lezi zinyathelo zaklanyelwa ukulondoloza imfuno nemali echithwa ngesikhathi sokwesaba kwembulunga yonke. Inqubo yokuxhumana nokuxhumana okungalawuleki kusiza ukuqina okukhulu ukulinganiselwa kwezinye izizwe ezithuthukile. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlolwe emhlabeni wonke njengendlela yokuhlola ephumelelayo elawulwa ngokuncipheka kwemithetho elawulayo, intethelela ekuvini engoko engoko engoko ewubonisa ekuvinjeni embusweni.

I - COVOID-19 Pandemic Economic Response (2020 - 2021)

Isilinganiso sokusabela kwe-fiscal e-COVID-19 sasisikhulu kakhulu kune-GFC. I-Mooker eyasungulwa futhi yathunyelwa i-Movel Sender yathola imali engaphansi kwe-Roser, umqedazwe we-Job Reaser, nezinye izilinganiso zokusekela phakathi namasonto omqedazwe ehlasela amabhishi ase-Australia. Lokhu kungenela okusheshayo okukhulu, okukhulu. Ngokwe-Mooral, ingqikithi yemali ye-Fondal-D incintir encikelwe yimali ye-CHOVAID eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-19 zezigidi ezingu-R3. Injongo eyinhloko yayiwukwenza njenge "ibhulobolobhu" yebhizinisi nemikhaya eshaqisa kakhulu kusukela ekucindezeleni okukhulu kakhulu kwezomnotho. Impumelelo yale ekulondolozeni inzuzo yemali nemali engokongamele ukuthengwa okuka kwayo kanye kanye kanye. Izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezentengiselwayo zalentengo zalensi yemisebenzi yamanani eziphambili zamanani amanani angoko.

Izingqinamba Ezikhona Manje Zokusekela Umnotho

Njengoba umnotho ususuka enkathini yokululama uye enkathini yokuzinza okuvamile okubonakala ngokunyuka kwamandla emali nezimakethe ezisebenza kanzima, ukugxila kweTreasury sekuyekile. Injongo akusekona ukufaka amandla amakhulu okufaka umfutho kodwa ukunikeza usizo oluhloselwe kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kosizo. Lokhu kungumongo wokuqonda indlela kahulumeni yamanje yokulungisa izindleko zokuphila ngaphandle kokwenezela amandla okwehla kwemali.

Umthetho Wentela Njengokwethenjwa

Ukulungisa ukuthi imindeni ehola imali engakanani kuthinta ngokuqondile amandla ayo okusebenzisa imali kanye nokuziphatha kokutshala imali.

3 Intela Iyagawulwa Futhi Ibizayo

I-Stage 3 inqunywa intela, ibekwe ngaphansi kukahulumeni wangaphambili futhi kamuva ilungiswe nguhulumeni wamanje, iyingxenye eyinhloko yesimiso sokutsheka. Umklamo oshintshiwe wokutsheka ungcono ngezinzuzo ezingcono eziphansi neziphakathi kwemali ehlawulwayo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuhweba okungokomnotho ngamabomu: ukunikeza intela ehholisiweyo emfucumfucu ephansi kakhulu futhi kuthambekele kakhulu ekuchithwe (kungabuye kufakwe iGDP) kuneseluleko sentela esikwekwe kuleyondawo engcono ekhona engcono kakhulu, okungasinda kakhulu. Endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ekhungweni lokukhokha imali engcono. Izimali kumelwe ikhokhe intela enjalo ngokunakekela izindleko ezikhucushiwe kakhulu. Izindleko eziphambili zezindleko zokukhokhela izindleko zemali kanye nezikhokhelo. I-Mongolvelton iyayindaywase. Ize kakhulu i-Aevoral'sworn inviduced producesssssss. Intervertivey

Ukubhebhethekiswa Kwebhizinisi

Ithemba lentengiselwano lihlobene kakhulu nezimo zezentengiselwano zezemisebenzi. Uma amabhizinisi eqiniseka, afaka imali futhi aqashe, adlulela eholweni lekhaya. I-Universite isebenzise izinqubo ezifana nempahla yokubhala ephuma ngokushesha ne-Technology Investicement Boost ukukhuthaza amabhizinisi ukuba afake imali emalini eshisiwe. Lemikhankaso inciphisa izindleko zamuva zemali yenhloko-mkhakha, ikhuthaza izimboni ukuba zisebenzise imishini yokulungisa imishini, zisebenzise imishini yobuchwepheshe, futhi zandise amandla. Lemali iveza ukukhokha inzuzo eqinisekile: ukutshala inzuzo yezentengoza embonini, okukhuthaza ukuchuma kwemali, okusekela ukukhokha inzuzo ephambili ekusebenzeni isikhathi eside. Imali yezelulekwayo intengo ephambili ephambili kusetshenziswa ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi intela, ukulingana nenzuzo emholweni kwentela.

Ukutshala Imali Komphakathi Okuwusizo

Ukusebenzisa uhulumeni ezintweni zomphakathi kungenye indlela eyinhloko yokutshala imali. Lokhu kutshala imali kuthinta izomnotho ngokushesha futhi kunezinzuzo zokwakha ezisekela ukuqiniseka.

Izakhiwo Nepayipi Lokwakha

Imisebenzi emikhulu enjenge-Inland Rail, imigwaqo ehlukahlukene, i-pardeds, kanye nemisebenzi evuselelwayo yokudlulisa amandla (njengokulungisa icebo lesizwe) ifeza izinjongo eziningi. Idala imisebenzi esheshayo engxenyeni yokwakha, inikeza izinzuzo zesikhathi eside zentuthuko yezomnotho, futhi izimpawu emphakathini ukuthi uhulumeni ufaka imali esikhathini esizayo. Le miphumela ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuthembana kwabathengi. Uma abantu bebona izilenge emkhathini nasendleleni eyakhiweni, iqinisa ukuqonda intuthuko yezomnotho nokuqina. Imali yemali isebenza ngohulumeni ne-Infraclastructal Australia ukuze ihlele imisebenzi, iphatha imishini engenisa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane ezingu-10 (R1 000), futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi imali ayishicishini engxenyeni yokwakha, okunganezela ukulingana nokuncibilika kwethemba.

Amakhono Nokutshala Imali Eyinhloko Yomuntu

Enye indawo eyinhloko yokutshala izimali zomphakathi inhloko - dolobha yabantu. Lokhu kuqinisa ukutshala imali kwezisebenzi, ukukhokha okungakhokhelwa, iyunivesithi, kanye nokwanda kokuxhasa izingane kuyizinqubo zemali ezihambisana nezinzuzo ezithathekayo ezithathe isikhathi eside. Ngokunciphisa izingcindezi ezisemqoka ezindaweni ezinjengokunakekela abantwana, i-Mootal yenza izisebenzi zikwazi ukungenela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane. Lokhu kuqinisa ukuthengwa kwemisebenzi, ukukhula, futhi kuthuthukisa ngokuqondile ukulondeka kwezezimali zasekhaya. I-Monday's [[FTLT:0] i-Interralical Report [ njalo iqokomisa isidingo sokwandisa ukwanda kwenani ukuze kuqhubeke izinga lokuphila ngokubhekene nokuguga. Ukukhokha izimali kuthuthukisa ukukhokha insela lenselo, ukuthuthukisa inhloso ekwakhelweni ekwakhelweni.

Ingxenye Phakathi Kwezimali NeBhange LeReserve

Umfanekiso ophelele wesimiso sezomnotho e-Australia udinga ukuqonda ukubambisana phakathi kweTreasurence ne- Reserve Bank yase-Australia (RBAT). Nakuba izimali zilawula uhlelo lukahulumeni (isimiso sezezimali), iRBA ihlela izinga lemali ukuze ithonye ukwehla kwamandla omnotho nomsebenzi. Lezikhali ezimbili zokuphatha kwezomnotho kumelwe zisebenze ngokuvumelana. Phakathi nalesifo, zasebenza ngokuhlangene ngesimiso sokuzinza nenzalo ephansi. Njengoba ukwehla komnotho kwaqala ukunyuka okukhulu, i RBA isilinganiso esiphezulu sokuncintisana nokuthemba okuthengwa ngumthengi. Inseleleka yemali (ekhomba encipheni encipheni encipheni ephansi) yemali (ebonisa ukulinganisela kwemali) ngaphandle kweminyango yezomnotho. I-Rbaba i-Rbac.

Izinselele Ezikhona Namuhla Ezomnotho

Naphezu kwekhono le-overy lokuhlela nokuhlela, kunemijikelezo emikhulu eyenza umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukuthembana kwabathengi. Ukunquma lezinselele kudinga ukuqapha nokuzimisele ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo.

Ukulinganisa Izinga Eliphakeme Nokulawula Ukukhuphuka Kwamandla Emali

Inselele eyinhloko emjikelezweni wamanje iyingozi yokuhlela ukunyuka kwemithetho yemali. Uma uhulumeni ethumela imali emakhaya noma enciphisa intela, yandisa isidingo esiphezulu. Uma ukuthengwa kwemali kungenakuqhubeka, amanani anyuka. INdawo yezimali yadinga ukuklama izimiso ezithi "zesikhashana futhi zihloselwe" ukuze igweme ukwenezela enkingeni yokwehla kwamandla emali. I-General Price Precial Plan, ngokwesibonelo, iklanyelwe ukunciphisa ngokuqondile ukwehla kwamandla emali ngokufaka ilahle namanani egesi. Lokhu kwakuwukungenela okuqondile kwe-fekithayo kumshayeli wezindleko eziyinhloko zokuthenga ezibiza-ophila. "Imfihlo," elinganisela ukuthi imali ehlelelwe noma incithane, inciphe i-Rba isilinganiso esingafanele. Ukuthola inzuzo ehambisana nokwehlayo, ukuthengwa kwemali okunga kakhulu.

Isikweleti Sesizwe Nokubambisana

I-COVOVAD-19 inxusa uhulumeni ukuba anikeze izikweletu ezinkulu zomphakathi. Nakuba isikweleti silawuleka futhi sishibhile ngokwesilinganiso ngenxa yesilinganiso senzalo ephansi esheleni elikhona, ukukhathalela kwemali ebekelwe izimali ezinkulu kubangelwa ukuhlelwa kwemali esikhathini esizayo. Imishini yezimali yezimali ye-Internationaleralical Reports iqokomisa ukucindezeleka okuthatha isikhathi eside ekuvikeleni isivikelo, impilo, ukukhathalela kwasebekhulile, nokunakekela kwesizwe, kanye nenani eliphansi leNational Disability Insurectorive Sy Aminessive Schemines. Izizukulwane ezisha zingase zizizwe zingazizwa zingaqiniseka kakhulu uma ziqaphela ukuthi umthwalo osindayo kuzo uzoba mkhulu. Izindleko zemali ekwandiseni imali elungiselelwe ukulungisa izindleko zemali nezokukhiqiza umkhiqizo ziklanywe ekukhulumeni kwale. Izindleko zemali ziklanywe ekukhulumeni kwenani elikhulu lemali ezindaweni zomphakathi.

Ukungaqiniseki Kwembulunga Yonke Nezinkathazo Zangaphandle

I-Australia iyizici zangaphandle ezingenakulawulwa yiTreasure ezomnotho, ezivulekile ezincike kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwembulunga yonke. Izingxabano zezezombangazwe (njengalezo eziphakathi kwe-US ne-China nempi e-Ukraine) kanye nezimo zezomnotho zembulunga yonke (njengokuncipha kwezomnotho zaseChina) ziyizici zangaphandle ezingenakulawulwa yi-Mongol. Lokhu kuthinta ukuqiniseka okuqondile kwezentengiselwano, njengoba kuthinta ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ukuqoqa izimali, ukuqoqa amanani amanani anele emali, nokuzinzisayo kwembulunga yonke. Indima yeNdawo yezimali iqinisekisa umnotho wasekhaya inamandla ngangokunokwenzeka ekuhleleni lezi zinto ezishayisakalayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukulondoloza izimali, nokusebenzisa isimiso somnotho somhlaba wonke ukuze kuvikele igele indawo lapho kungenzeka khona. I-Phost - Act i-Australia Act imelela inqubo entsha yokukhokha intela nokulungisa intela nokuthuthukisa inzuzo.

Isiphetho: Ukugawulwa kwemithetho njengethuluzi lokuthemba isikhathi eside

Indlela ye-Australian Treasurer yokuthuthukisa ukuthembana kwabathengi ivele ngokuphawulekayo. Iqale i-GFC, isuka ekuvuleni, ekushukumiseni okungaqondakaliyo kwe-GFC, ngokulandelana okukhulu, ngosizo lwezentengo lwe-COVID, ngokubhekisele kuleyo ngxenye yamanje ye-ovential, ukukwazi ukuqondisa okuqondiswe phambili. Inselele eyinhloko namuhla iyindlela ebanzi yokuhamba ngomgwaqo ewumngcingo: ukunikeza inkululeko enzima ekhona emakhaya alwayo ngaphandle kokwenezela ekwandimeni okunciphisa amandla awo okuthengwayo. Impumelelo yemali ikhona emalini ekhona engoko, ikhono layo lokufunda enkathazweni, ikhono lokufunda ezinkingeni elidlule, nokuphatha kwayo ngokucophelela izakhiwo ezingokomhlaba eziwudingayo, ukukhomba okuqinile, ukuthembela okungako okungaqinile kwezakhamuzi bezindawo ezingoko ezisemkhathini ezisekulungiseniseni. [ngesikhathi esizayo esiphambili, futhi okuwusizo kakhulu, ngokusekela inzuzo yemali ezindaweni eziphambili, ngokucebile, ngokucebile, ngokusekelayo, ngokuseduze kwezindawo ezi