Impumelelo yokubalwa kwabantu kwesizwe ixhomeke kakhulu ekuzimiseleni kwawo wonke umphakathi ukuba uhlanganyele. Amazinga aphansi okusabela angaholela ekubeni kube nomphakathi othile owehlayo, ukuhlelwa kwemininingwane, futhi ekugcineni kube nezinqumo ezinephutha, ukuthatha imithombo eyiphutha, nokungalingani. Nakuba ohulumeni benikela kakhulu ekukhangiseni nasekuthatheni inani labantu, izindlela ezingokwesiko ngokuvamile ziyahluleka ukufinyelela amaqembu athanda ukuphazanyiswa kakhulu noma ahlukene. Izinhlangano zokuzithandela ziye zavela njengenqubo enamandla kakhulu yokuvala leligebengu. Ngokuzithembana kwabantu bendawo, ukuxhumana, amandla otshani, lemicimbiswano ingandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuthatha iqhaza kokubalwa kwabantu. Lesi sihloko sihlola indima enkulu yokusabela kwezisebenzi ezinwayo emazingeni amaningi, ubufakazi bokuphumelela kwazo, izinselele, izinselele ezibhekene nazo, nokuhlelwa kwazo.

Ukuqonda Amanethi Okuzithandela Nezakhiwo Zawo

Izinhlangano zokuzithandela azinaso isodwa; zisukela emaqenjini omakhelwane ahlelwe ngokungenamdlandla kuya emaqenjini ahlangene asekelwe ekuxhaseni kwezimali ezingokwenhlangano. Ngaphakathi, lezi zinhlanganisela zihlanganisa abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano ezizinikele emgomweni ofanayo: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu emphakathini ukhona. Amandla emishini enjalo asemandleni awo okwenza izibopho zomphakathi ezikhona zisebenze.

Izinhlobo Zezisebenzi Zokuzithandela

Izimiso zokuzithandela eziphumelela kakhulu zitholakala eqenjini elibanzi lomphakathi. Izigaba ezivamile zihlanganisa:

  • [ Abaholi abahlangene:[ Abaholi bokholo, othisha-sikole, izinhloko zezinhlangano zomphakathi, nabadala abayala ukuhlonipha futhi bangavumela ukubalwa kwabantu njengesibopho somphakathi.
  • [ Izifundo nabafundi abasha: bavame ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yokufunda inkonzo noma izinhlelo zobufundisi ezigxile ekubaleni abantu. Amandla abo kanye nokufunda izinombolo kwenza babe yigugu kokubili ekukhangiseni endlini nasemikhankasweni ye-inthanethi.
  • I-Organizal Privices: Inzuzo engazuzisi, imitapo, imithola-mpilo, namabhizinisi angaqoqa izisebenzi zabo nezisebenzi zokuzithandela. Ngokwesibonelo, ibhange lokudla lingahlanganisa ukwaziswa ngokubala ephaketheni ngalinye lokudla, noma inyunyana yokuthenga ngesikweletu ingaqeqesha ababikezeli ukuba basize amakhasimende agcwalise lendlela.
  • [ Abalamuleli abangokwesiko noLuntu: Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezikhuluma izilimi ezingezona isiNgisi (noma izilimi ezisemthethweni zokubalwa) futhi eziqonda ukuhlukahluka kwempucuko kubaluleke kakhulu ekufinyeleleni imiphakathi yabafuduki nababaleki.

Indlela Izingosi Zokuzithandela Ezihlelwe Ngayo

Izinhlangano eziphumelelayo zisebenza ngaphansi kwemiklamo exubile. Izintambo zikahulumeni zokubala zivame ukunikeza isisekelo esiphelele ngezinto zokuqeqesha, iziqondiso, kanye nemininingwane eyisisekelo . kodwa abaqondisi bendawo bayakwazi ukuvumelana namasu avumelana nomongo wabo. Ezinye iziteshi zisebenza “njenge-Expand Councial Committee” (igama elisetshenziswa e-U.S. Censureasure), kanti abanye abasebenza nabo ngemisebenzi ekhona enjenge-United Way izahluko ze-U. Imihlangano yasikhathi sonke, ihlanganyela amapulatifomu okuxhumana (njenge-Slecure okanye i-App), kanye nezithunywa zemithwalo yemisebenzi ecacile ziphawula inhlangano ephumelelayo.

Indima Ebalulekile Yezinethiwekhi Zokuzithandela Ekubhebhethekeni Kwezinga Lokusabela

Izinhlangano zokuzithandela zisiza ekuphenduleni amazinga ahlobene ngezinqubo ezintathu: ukuqaphela, usizo, nokwethembana.

Ukukhulisa Ukuqapha Ngemikhankaso Ye - Grassroot

Izikhangiso zemithombo yezindaba zingafinyelela ukuqapha okukhulu kodwa okungasho lutho. Izinhlangano zokuzithandela zingagcwalisa izikhala ngokuthintana okuhlotshisiwe, ngokuphindaphinda kakhulu. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zifaka izingqwembe emabhizinisini endawo, abaphangi ezihlahleni ezisemhlanganweni zomphakathi, abakhuluma emihlanganweni yesikole, futhi zisakaza imiyalezo emaqenjini ezenhlalo. Zingakhuluma izinganekwane ezithile noma ukwesaba ngokuqondile. Ngokwesibonelo, isisebenzi sokuzithandela singase sisho ukuthi: “Ukubala abantu akubuzi ngesikhundla somphakathi. Ukwaziswa kwakho kuvikelwe umthetho.” Lokhu kuchaza komuntu siqu kunxenxa kakhulu kunalokhu okuvamile.

Ukunikeza Usizo Oluqondile

Abantu abaningi abahlanganyeli ngoba benqaba, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi babhekene nemingcele ewusizo.

  • [ Usizo lolimi: Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingahumusha iziyalezo, zisize ukugcwalisa amafomu ngezilimi eziningi, noma ziqondise abantu ezinsimini eziqondeneyo.
  • [ Ukufunda nokubhala: kwababuzwayo abangezwani namafomu angaphakathi, izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingabaqondisa ngezinyawo ngamasitebhisi ezindawo zomphakathi noma phakathi nokuhambela ekhaya.
  • Ukwabelana: abantu abavalelwe ekhaya, labo abangenakho ulwembu oluthembekile, noma abahlala ezindaweni ezikude bangathola usizo ku-person. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingahlanganisa abantu ngezindlela zosizo ngocingo.
  • [ I-transport: Emiphakathini lapho izikhungo zokusekela inani labantu zikude khona, izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingahlela amatheko emoto noma ngisho nezindawo zokugcwalisa izakhiwo emakhaya azo.

Ukwakha Ukwethemba Nokunqoba Ukungathembani

Mhlawumbe indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthembana. Izisebenzi eziningi zezisebenzi zenza isibopho sokukhokha. Izethulo zokwenza umsebenzi. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingomakhelwane, ezingomakhelwane, ezingomakhelwane, nezingenamdlandla, zingakuvimbela ukuthatha iqhaza. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezisebenza ngomphakathi zinganciphisa lokhu kwesaba ngezindlela ezingenakusetshenziswa. Izisebenzi zikahulumeni zisebenzisa isimiso sokubala ukuhlasela amaJapane phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, noma ukwesaba ngokuhlanganyela nokugcinwa kwezentengiselwano, zingakuvimbela ukuhlanganyela komsebenzi wazo. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezisebenza ngokuzisebenzela zinganciphisa lokhu ngokomthetho ukuthi ukubalwa kwabantu kuwumzamo womphakathi, hhayi ukuhlanganisa imvume kahulumeni. Zingahlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwazo siqu, ukusontasa, nokuhlanganyela.

Umphumela Onamandla: Ubufakazi Obuvela Ekucwaningeni Nasekuhloleni Kwecala

Ukucwaninga okungokwesayensi kusekela kakhulu ukuphumelela kwezivumelwano zokuzithandela. Ukuhlola okwenziwa i-Census Bureau yase-U.S. kwathola ukuthi imiphakathi eneMakomiti aphelele agcwele iComplete Count inezinga lama-3-840-5 esilinganiso esiphezulu kunamaphesenti alinganayo emiphakathini engenawo amakomiti anjalo.

Isibonelo sasedolobheni: umnyango-uKude-Door Ougay eDolobheni eliphakathi entshonalanga

Ngo - 2020 eU.S., i-Cultstual, izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingu - 200 eColumbus, eOhio, zavula umnyango ezindaweni ezineziphethu eziphansi emlandweni. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zaqeqeshelwa ukuphendula imibuzo futhi zinikeze izibhebhe zokuphendula ngokushesha kuyi - Internet. Ngemva kwezimpelasonto ezintathu zokudweba, izindawo ezihanjwayo zabona inani lezisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingu - 15,2% uma liqhathaniswa nomjikelezo wokubala owedlule, ngisho naphakathi nezinselele zobhadane lwe - COVOVID.

Isibonelo Sasemaphandleni: Ukunqoba Izithiyo Ezibangelwa Ukuzicabangela E - Appachia

Izindawo zasemaphandleni zibhekene nezithiyo eziyingqayizivele: amabanga amade, i-inthanethi elinganiselwe, futhi ngokuvamile ukungethembi okujulile kweziphathimandla zikahulumeni. Empumalanga yeKentucky, iqoqo lezindawo “i-Census Champions” ._Iyaphulwa ngamahhovisi okunwetshwa kwesifundazwe, amasonto, neminyango yokuzimela umlilo wezisebenzi zokuzithandela . / organations ezihamba ngemoto ezaya emagodini aqhelile. Zaveza futhi isihlahla socingo ukuze zifinyelele izakhamuzi esezikhulile ngaphandle ko-Internet. Umphumela: amazinga asemaphandleni akuleyo ndawo ayedlula isilinganiso sokuqala emashumi eminyaka.

Isibonelo Somhlaba Wonke: Ukusetshenziswa Kwezisebenzi Zokuzithandela Zendawo Ekude ENdiya

Phakathi ne - 2011 Census of India, uhulumeni waqoqa ama - pronote angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu - 2,7, amaningi awo ayeyizisebenzi zokuzithandela zendawo noma abafundisi bakahulumeni. Indlela yokuxhumana yayibalulekile ekufinyeleleni inani elikhulu labantu basemaphandleni aseNdiya. Amadolobha anamakomiti okuzithandela akhuthele ayenezinga eliphakeme kakhulu futhi ephansi lamaphutha emininingwaneni, ebonisa ukuthi ukuhileleka komphakathi kwandisa kokubili ubungako nobungako bokusabela.

Izinselele Ezibhekene Namanethi Okuzithandela

Naphezu kokusebenza kwazo okuqinisekisiwe, izinqubo zokuzithandela azilona isiliva eliyizinhlamvu, zibhekene nezinselele eziningi zokwakha nokusebenza okumelwe zihloselwe ukusekela nokulinganisela ithonya lazo.

Ukuzinziswa Kwemithombo Yezinto Nokuzinza

Umsebenzi wokuzithandela awukho mahhala, kodwa ukubambisana akudingeki ukuba kube nemali exhasa izinto (izimoto, izibhebhe, ezokuhamba), izikhawu zokuqeqesha, nemali elinganiselwe yokukhokhela ukudla. Ngaphandle kokusekela okunikezelwe yimithombo kahulumeni noma yeminikelo yosizo, imizamo eminingi yotshani iyaphela ngemva kokuba intshiseko yokuqala iphelile. Enye inkinga ikhona: ukubhalisa kuvame ukuba yimpoqo njalo eminyakeni eyishumi, kukwenza kube nzima ukulondoloza izakhiwo zezisebenzi zokuzithandela eziqeqeshiwe phakathi kwemijikelezo.

Ukufinyelela Inani Labantu Elinzima

Wona kanye amaqembu adinga izisebenzi zokuzithandela ukufika ngaphandle kwezindawo ezikhungethe izakhiwo ezihlala abantu abafudukayo, abahlala emadolobheni ngokwethukela, nabantu abakhubazekile kakhulu, futhi anzima kakhulu ukuba izinhlangano zokuzithandela zikwazi ukuwathola. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingase zingakutholi ukuqeqeshwa noma ukusekelwa okungokomthetho ukuze zivikeleke futhi zihlanganyele ngenhlonipho kulemiphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezinobugebengu obukhulu noma ukucindezeleka kwezombangazwe, izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingase zingakuthandi ukuya emnyango we-tantotohoo.

Ukugwema Ukutubeka Nokuhlala Umatasa

Ukwanda kwenani labantu kudinga amandla anzima ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingabhekana nokulahlwa, ubutha, noma ukusolwa. Phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-336, ukutubeka kuvamile. Ngaphandle kokuqashelwa njalo, ukushintshana kwemisebenzi, nokusekela impilo, izinhlelo zingalahlekelwa amalungu azo aphumelela kakhulu. I-2020 U.S. Censurements yabona amakomiti amaningi okuzithandela encibilikisa phakathi nebanga eliphakathi kuka-9366, ngenxa yobhadayo kanye nokushintsha kwemiba.

Imikhuba Nezindlela Ezingcono Kakhulu Zokuphumelela

Ukuze bandise ithonya lezi zinhlangano zokuzithandela, abahleli kufanele basebenzise izindlela ezisekelwe kubufakazi ezisingatha izinselele ezingenhla. Le mikhuba elandelayo iqiniswe ucwaningo nokuhlangenwe nakho.

Ukuqeqesha Nokwakha Isakhiwo Sasedolobheni

Izisebenzi zokuzithandela kumelwe zihlonyiswe ngokwaziswa okunembile, ukuhlanganisa nezifundo ezithambile. Izihloko kufanele zihlanganise imithetho yemininingwane ye-data engasese (umzk., isihloko 13 e-U.S.), indlela yokusingatha ukuphikisa, ukuzwela kwempucuko, nemithetho elandelwayo yokuphepha. Indima yokudlala nokubhala ingakha ukuzethemba. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqeqeshwa kungahlanganisa indlela yokuphendula lombuzo, “Kungani kufanele ngithembe uhulumeni ngokwaziswa kwami?” ngencazelo ecacile, enozwela yemfihlo.

Izinkulumo Ezivelele Nokuqashelwa

Nakuba izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingakhokhelwa isikhathi sazo, ukuqashelwa okuhleliwe nezisusa ezincane kunganciphisa ukuswela. Izinketho zihlanganisa izitifiketi zokwazisa, ukunconywa komphakathi emithonjeni yezindaba yendawo, amakhadi amancane, noma ukutholakala kwezinhlelo zomphakathi ezilandelayo. Ezinye izinhlangano zokubala abantu ziye zaphumelela ekunikezeni “izikweleti ze - VITA” noma inkonzo yokufunda ukuthenga ngezimali kubafundi.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuntengantenga Nemithombo Yezomphakathi

Amathuluzi emishini angandisa imizamo yokuzithandela. Abaxhumanisi bangasebenzisa amapulatifomu afana ne-Seconday, i-Facebook Groups, noma i-App ukuze bahlanganise izincazelo zesikhathi sangempela sango-2002, imibuzo, kanye nokuhlela i-log-smetals. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingasebenzisa futhi ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okubala izindawo ezinezimpendulo eziphansi, zivumele ukuba zibambe imizamo yazo ngokuphumelelayo. I-Censureasure’s Response Out eppending Map (ROAM) elinye lamathuluzi anjalo.

Ukuhlanganyela Nabaholi Bendawo

Inhlangano yezisebenzi zokuzithandela ezizinikezele iyophumelela kakhulu uma isekelwe abantu abahlonishwayo. Abefundisi, amakhosi esizwe, abaholi benyunyana, kanye nabaphathi bebhizinisi abaziwayo banganikeza ukwethenjelwa futhi bakhuthaze ukuhlanganyela ngokuzivumela kwabo siqu. “isithunywa esiphathisiwe” siye sabonakala sinamandla kakhulu kunanoma isiphi isikhangiso. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho umfundisi wendawo odumile ekhuluma ngokubalwa kwabantu epulpiti futhi egcwalisa isimo sakhe siqu, inani labakhona ezinsukwini ezalandela.

Ukuhlohla imniningo

Akubona bonke omakhelwane abadinga ukufinyelela isilinganiso esifanayo. Ngokuhlaziya izinga lokusabela emijikelezweni edlulile nokwaziswa okungokoqobo okuphathelene nomkhankaso, abaqondisi bokuzithandela bangamisa izindawo eziphansi kakhulu. Lendlela ehloselwe yokulondoloza amandla okuzithandela futhi indise ithonya. Imishini yomphakathi namayunivesithi endawo inganikeza ukusekela okudingekayo ekuchazeni ukwaziswa.

Ukungavumelani Nohulumeni Nezinhlangano Ezingazuzi Inzuzo

Izinhlangano zokuzithandela zisebenza ngokuphumelelayo lapho ziyingxenye yesimiso sezinto eziphilayo esikhulu esihlanganisa izinhlangano zikahulumeni, izisekelo zokusizana, nezinye izinhlangano zomphakathi.

Indima YamaBreau

Amahhovisi ezibalo esizwe angasekela izisekelo zokuzithandela ngokunikeza izinto zokuqeqesha ezingokomthetho, amathuluzi okwaziswa, kanye “nezinto zokuthuthukisa” (izimali, ama-tshirt, njll). Anganikeza futhi umshuwalense wezisebenzi zokuzithandela futhi anikeze ukusekela kocingo oluqondile kwezisebenzi zokuzithandela imibuzo. I-U.S. Comparement Result Councial Committee, inikeza usizo lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuxhasa izimali kwezinye izimo.

Ukusekela Nokusekela Kokuphana Ngempano

Izinzuzo nezisekelo azinandima enkulu ekuxhaseni “ibanga lokugcina” lokubala. Imizamo emikhulu ye-phanthrop enjenge- Census Count (ukubambisana kwezisekelo) kuye kwathumela izigidi zamadola ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi ezisekelwe emphakathini, ezisekela izinhlangano zezisebenzi zokuzithandela. Izimali ezinjalo zivame ukuvumelana kakhulu kunezipho zikahulumeni, zivumela ukufinyelela nokuzivumela ukuba zifinyelele ngokushesha.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuqinisa Amanethi Okuzithandela Asezingeni Elizayo

Njengoba amazwe elungiselela imijikelezo elandelayo yokubalwa kwabantu (ukubalwa kwabantu kwabangu - 2030 e - United States, inani labantu e - United Kingdom elingu - 2031, njalonjalo), izifundo ezitholakala esikhathini esidlule zingasetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlangano zokuzithandela eziqinile.

Izifundo Ezafundwa Ekubalweni Kwangesikhathi Esidlule

Okuhlangenwe nakho kuka-2020 kwaqokomisa isidingo sokulungiselela ngemishini, ukuvumelana nezimo ezibucayi (isib., izifo eziwumshayabhuqe), kanye nokuthumela ukwaziswa okuqinile okuyimfihlo. Izinhlangano zokuzithandela ezazinobudlelwane obukhona nezinhlangano zomphakathi nezimiso zobuchwepheshe zamanani zazenza kangcono kakhulu kunalezo okwakudingeka ukuba zakhe kusukela ekucushweni. Esinye isifundo esiyinhloko sasiwukubaluleka kokufinyela unyaka ngokufinyela, kunokuba zinciphe izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kubelwe abantu.

Ukwakha Izakhiwo Ezisekelayo

Ukuhlola “izisebenzi zokuzithandela” ezisasebenza phakathi kokubalwa kungaba umdlalo wokushintsha. Lolu phawu lungasetshenziselwa eminye imisebenzi yokuvota kwesizwe . njengokubhalisa komphakathi, ukuhlola kwezempilo emphakathini, noma ukusabela kwenhlekelele, futhi bese kuthunyelwa ukuze kufundwe inani labantu njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi. Lesibonelo singagcina izisebenzi zokuzithandela ziqeqeshelwe, zigcine ukwethemba, futhi zinciphise izindleko zokuqalisa. Ezinye izizwe, njengeCanada, kakade zigcina iqoqo elimile labavoti abasebenza ezinhlolweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukwandisa lomqondo kuwelwe izinhlangano zezisebenzi zokuzithandela kungaba ukutshala imali ngokuhlakanipha.

Isiphetho

Izinhlangano zokuzithandela aziyona indlela yokunethezeka noma yenye indlela ekhethekile yokuthola inani labantu abaphumelelayo. Ngokuphakamisa ukuqapha, ukunikeza usizo oluqondile, nokwakha ukuthembana, izisebenzi zokuzithandela zingafinyelela inani elinzima kakhulu labantu abango-193569 nohlobo lokusabela ngokukhulu kakhulu. Ubufakazi busobala: imiphakathi efaka imali ehlelekile, esekela inzuzo yezisebenzi zokuzithandela ukubona inzuzo engokoqobo ekuhlanganyeleni, izinga lokwaziswa, futhi ekugcineni ekunikezeni inzuzo elungile yemithombo yempahla namandla ezombangazwe. Nokho, lemiphakathi idinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela, imithombo eqinile, nokuhlobana nohulumeni kanye nephiliphilo. Njengoba sibheka phambili ekubaleni okuzokuthi kuqinisekiswe izinhlangano zezisebenzi zokuzithandela, kufanele kube yinto ephambili. Uma kusetshenziswa iqoqo lezimiso zomphakathi, likhona, ukubona ukuhlanganiswa kwenani elikhulu, [FUlct.] [0] ukusabela okunamandla okunamandla okungumphakathi womphakathi wonke:[F1], uma kusetshenziswa iqoqo lomphakathi womphakathi womphakathi womphakathi wonke:[F.[3], uma kusetshenziswa kanye nomphakathi womphakathi wonke:[3