Table of Contents

Okwenza Igunya Lemayoral Libe Izindaba Zokuhlala Okungashisi

Ngokungafani nezimiso ezinkulu zikahulumeni wezwe, amameya asebenza endaweni esendaweni, lapho izinselele zezindlu zizwaka kahle khona nalapho amameya ekwazi ukuhlobanisa khona izinhlelo. Ukuma kwawo okuyingqayizivele kuwenza akwazi ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi wendawo, ukutshala imali yomphakathi, nokuxoxa nabathuthukisi bezindlu. Njengoba i-UK iqhubeka ibhekana nokuntuleka kwamakhaya afinyelelekayo, iqonda ukuthi amameya angazizwa kanjani — futhi enzani — ukulungisa izinhlelo zokulungisa izakhiwo kudingekile kubenzi bemithetho, abahleli bamadolobha, kanye nezakhamuzi ngokufanayo.

Ukuhlukanisa Inselele: Izwe Elikhona Ngezindlu Ezingafinyeleleki EDolobheni Lase - UK

Ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe izenzo eziqondile zemeya, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinga lenkinga. NgokweNational Hospital Federation, iNgilandi iyodwa idinga amakhaya abiza imali eshibhile acishe abe ngu-145 000 unyaka ngamunye, kanti angaphansi kuka-50 000 anikezelwayo manje. Emadolobheni amakhulu anjenge London, Manchester, Birmingham, neBristol, amanani amanani endlu anyukayo kanye nokuqasha izintela zangasese aye asunduza ukuba abanini bekhaya abaningi abathola imali ephansi. Uhlu lwezindlu ezihlala abantu abalindileyo lumi emakhaya angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1,2. Lezi zibalo zigcizelela ukuthi kungani ukuhola kwe-meya-Australia kungazuzisinzuzo nje kuphela kodwa kugxeka.

Ukucindezeleka Kwezindlu Nendima Yabaholi Bendawo

Izimakethe zezindlu ezisezindaweni ezizungezile zifuna ukusabela okungokwendawo. Izimiso zesizwe ezinjengosizo Ekuthengeni noma ekuhleleni inguquko zibalulekile, kodwa ngokuvamile azikwazi ukubhekana nezimo eziqondile zedolobha ngalinye. Abakhandi bangathatha isinyathelo esisheshayo: balawula izinhlangano zezentuthuko yendawo, bathonye uhlelo olungcono, futhi bangasebenzisa izimboni ezintsha zezindiza ngaphandle kokulinda umthetho weWestminster. Lokhu kushesha kubaluleke kakhulu emadolobheni lapho amanani ezwe, inani lamanani, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezikhona kuhluka kakhulu.

Ababheki Bemithetho Eyinhloko Bakhona Kulabo Abafuna Ukuzilawula

Ama - Mayer emadolobheni ase - UK — kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abaphathi bamameya abakhethwe ngokuqondile (njengamaMaya waseMachester of Great Manchester noma iMayor yaseSifundeni saseDolobheni laseLiverpool) noma amameya angokomthetho anamandla aphansi kakhulu — angasebenzisa amathuluzi amaningi ukuze athuthukise ukutholakala kwezindlu ezibizayo.

Umhlangano Wezwe Nohlelo Olukahle

Enye yezindlela ezinamandla kakhulu zikameya ithonya icebo lentuthuko lendawo kanye nokuhlola ukuma kwezindawo zokuhlala. Abaqondisi bangaphawula izindawo ezinsundu ezisemasimini, bachaze izindawo zokukhula, futhi bagunyaze amaphesenti amancane ezindlu ezithengwayo ezinjwayezi ngezimiso ezintsha zezindawo zendawo. ELondon, iMayorrow’s London Plan idinga zonke intuthuko ezintsha ukuze inikeze izindlu ezingcono ezilinganayo ezingu-35% ezihlelweni zezindawo ezingu-10 noma ngaphezulu, ezizokwazi ukukwazi ukubhekana nazo. Ngokufanayo, iGunya laManchester Externediation Exter iye yasebenzisa izakhiwo zayo ezisakhelwe ngaphambi kokuba ibhungane futhi ibeke izisulu zokuhlala ezibizayo ezinqamleza amagotela amapulazi ayo amakhoranti ayishumi.

Ingqungquthela yomhlaba — inqubo yokuthola nokuhlanganisa amaphasela ezwe ukuze kuthuthuke — ingelinye ithuluzi elinamandla. Abadayisi bangasebenzisa ama-oda okuthenga aphoqelelwe (CPO) ukuze balethe indawo evalekile noma esetshenziswa kancane, ikakhulukazi lapho abakhi bebambe amabhange enhlabathi. Umphathi wesifunda sase-Sheffield City usebenzise amandla eCPO ukuze avule izindawo zokuhlala ezixubile. Uhulumeni u-Spending Up and Reeant Act 2023 uye waqinisa futhi amandla aphoqelelwe okuthenga izinto ezidaliweyo, wenza ingquthela yezwe yezindawo zokuhlala ezithengwa ngemali engcono.

Ukuzingela Nokuthuthukisa Iminikelo

Ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo kudinga abathuthukisi abazimele ukuba bahlanganise isilinganiso sezindlu ezithengwayo ezihlelweni zabo. Emadolobheni amaningi e-UK, lokhu kufezwa ngezivumelwano ze-Ctego 106 — izibopho ezingokomthetho ezihlangene nezimvume zokuhlela. Amakhemisi angamisa izimiso ezicacile eziqinisekisa ukuthi izingxoxo ezingaphansi kwe-Cuartic 106 ziveza izinombolo ezinenjongo zamakhaya anokukhokha. Ngokwesibonelo, i-West Midlands Expressed Authority Authority ye-Authority ye-" ibeka isisulu sokuthi amaphesenti angu-20 awo wonke amakhaya amashadiyo kulendawo kufanele athelwe, ngesilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu emisebenzi ezwe elinguwodwa obala. Ezinye izikhulu ziye zasekela “ukuhlola ukulinganisela amandla omphakathi” ukuqinisekisa abaholi bezentengo yezente ukuba iminikelo ekwazi ukugwema iminikelo engenisa imali emali etholakalayo.

I - Druvolution Namandla Okuziphendukela Kwemvelo

Imisebenzi yoguqu-guquko eyanika omeya iziphathimandla zabo yanika abanye ikhono lokugcina ingxenye yamazinga ebhizinisi nentela ephezulu yomkhandlu. AmaMayar ase Greater Manchester, Andy Burham, asebenzisa imali encitshisiwe ukusungula iNgxongo yeMaziko lezebhizinisi enikeze amakhaya ayizi-2000. Ngokufanayo, i-Liverpool City Meyaracer aqala uhlelo lwezakhiwo ezifakiwe kabusha olusekelwe yi-$44 000 zemali egciniwe. I-Fiscal devovelveration isalinganiselwe namanje emeyameya yase-US, kodwa ukuthambekela emakhaya athengwayo angaphezulu kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, i-Liverpool City State i-meyarcepricarea iqala uhlelo lwezenyuke e-Remidiod produces. I-Fiscal devodingvoicey ilinganiselwe elinganiselwe kakhulu kwezelelwe i-mali e-injini enkulu kakhulu.

Ukuxhasa Izindlu Ezingakhokhwa: IMayoral Bal Bal Balment Altandings Nezimoduli Zokusebenza Nomngane

Isenzo somphathi - dolobha esiphumelelayo sidinga imali. Nakuba amameya engenakukwazi ukunyathelisa imali, angaqondisa izimali ezikhona, ahehehe imali yokutshala imali, kanye nemali enikezwa izwe. Okulandelayo yizinqubo eziyinhloko ezingokwezimali azisebenzisayo.

Ama - akhawunti Emali Yezindlu Nezindlu Ezihlelwe NgoMkhandlu

Abanye omeya bengamela iziphathimandla ezihlangene ezihlanganisa imikhandlu enezindlu ezigciniwe. Bangathonya ukusetshenziswa kwemali ye House Revenue Account (HRA), beqinisekisa ukuthi imfucumfucu yezindlu zomkhandlu ezikhona iphinde ibuyiselwe ekwakhiweni okusha nasekulungisweni. Nokho, u-2012 iHRA-emperations yenguquko enziwa umkhandlu ngamunye walawula iHRA yawo, ngakho ithonya lomphathi-mashayelo ngokuvamile aliqondiswe ngokuhlela i-orgo. Emadolobheni anjengoBristol, umphathi wedolobha uye wasebenza nomkhakhakha weHRA ukuba amise isilinganiso esiphezulu seHRA esikhucushiwe sabe sabe sabelwe ezindaweni zayo ezintsha zokuhlalisa umphakathi.

Izinhlelo Zezikweleti Zezindlu Nezimemezelo Zokuqhathanisa

Imeya eningi iye yasungula uhlelo lwezinhlelo zezokukhokha izindlu zendawo ezinikeza igebe elincane lemali eliyimali ebolekwayo noma imali ephansi emalini ebhayweni yezindawo zokuhlala nabathuthukisi bomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, uMaya “wakwakhela amakhaya e-Council eLondon” uhlelo lwabelwe u-$4.8 biliyoni yeminyaka engaphezu kwemine ukuze kuqalwe amakhaya amashadiyubhu. UMyane waseNyakatho yeTyne Ehlangene i-Authonsis ayizigidi ezingu-$10 ukuze athole izakhiwo ezibiza imali enele. Lezi zinhlelo ngokuvamile zidinga imali ehambisanayo enkampanini yezindlu zezindlu noma abathuthukisi, ukunweba kwemali yezimali ze-aorbial.

Ubudlelwane bomphakathi (PPP) Nezici Zokuhlangana

Izinhlangano ezihlelekile ziyisihluthulelo sokuhanjiswa kwemikhakha. Abasizi bangasebenzelana phakathi kwengxenye yomphakathi (izikhulu zendawo, iziphathimandla ezihlangene) nabakhi bezezomuntu siqu noma abatshali bezinhlangano. Ibhizinisi le- “GM eyodwa” eManchester lihlanganisa igunya elihlangeneyo, i-Greater Manchester Explaned Authority, kanye nezinhlanu zokuhlanganisa izindlu zokudilisela izindlu ezingu-1 200 ezixubeneyo. I-Maya asebenzisa futhi igebe lokuxhasa imali ukwenza izinhlelo ezingakhokhwazwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme zezwe noma intengo yezentengo yemali ephansi ekhona. Lendlela isetshenziswe yi-Huverpoolburg Relivery Ault Programme ukuze ilect.

Ukuhlanganyela Komphakathi: Ukuphambana Nempi Nokwakha

Ukuphikiswa yizakhamuzi ezikhona — ngokuvamile ezibizwa ngokuthi iNIMBYism — kusewumngcele ophawulekayo wezindlu ezintsha, ikakhulukazi izindlu ezibizayo nezingabizi.

Ukuhlela Okubonisayo Nokuhlola Kwangaphambili

Ukucwaninga kwe-Centre for Cities kubonisa ukuthi ukuthembisana kwasekuqaleni, okunenjongo kunciphisa ukuphikisa kamuva. Abakhi bangagunyaza ukuba abakhi baqhube imibukiso yomphakathi ngaphambi kokuba kunikezwe izicelo, futhi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zendawo ziyakwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okucacile ngenhlanganisela yezindlu ezibizayo, ubukhulu beyunithi, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala. I-Maya ye-London’s “Goold Greadt Punmenty" uhlelo luhlanganisa indinganiso yomphakathi. EManberg, ihhovisi lemeya yabaphathi liphethe i-“ I-Manconianbian Homeiation ephambili” ukuze ihlanganise izakhamuzi ekulungiseni icebo ledolobha lokuhlala.

Izwe Lomphakathi Lithemba Imali (Imiklamo) Njengempi Emelene NobuNkulunkukhu

Enye indlela entsha abaphathi bedolobha abaye bayisekela ukwandisa kwe-Community Land Trusts — izinhlangano ezingakhiqizwanga nzuzo, ezilawulwa endaweni ezithuthukisa futhi zilawule izindlu ezibizayo. I-CLT azinakukwazi ukubhekana nokuphikiswa kwendawo ngoba umphakathi ngokwawo uhilelekile ngokuqondile. Imeya yeSifunda seDolobha laseLiverpool iye yasekela imisebenzi yeCLT eToxmast nase-Anfield. Umphathi we-Bristol unikeze indawo nemali yokumisa amaCLT kulo lonke idolobha, ihambisa amakhaya angenamali ngaphandle kwemakethekethe evulekile.

Ukulandelela I - Mayoral Nokuhola Kwemithombo Yezindaba

Ama-mayg ingasebenzisa amapulatifomu abo omphakathi ukuze bashintshe ukulandisa ezindlini ezithengwayo. Kunokuba bafake intuthuko njengengsongo kubantu bendawo, bangagcizelela izinzuzo zezenhlalo nezezomnotho: izigebengu eziqinile, ukuncishiswa kokungabi namakhaya, imiphakathi exubile, nokusungulwa kwemisebenzi phakathi nokwakhiwa. Umholi onamandla wemeya angasiza ekunqandeni “indlu nathi” ngokuvamile ulimi olulawula ukuhlelwa kwezingxoxo. Ngokwesibonelo, uMkhandi weNtshona Midlands usungule imikhankaso yokukhankanyo yokwakha ukusekela izindlu ezintsha, futhi i-Mayar yaseLondon iye yakhuluma ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokusekela izindlu ezingokwenhlalo ezweni eliluhlaza lapho kufanele khona.

Ukuhlola Izifo: Ama - mayte Akha Umehluko

Izikhulu eziningana ze - UK ziye zabonisa ukuthi ukuhola kwezwe okunamandla kuveza imiphumela engenakubekezeleleka.

IManchester Enkulu: Iqhinga Lokuqala Lika - Andy Burnham Lokuhlala

Kusukela ekukhethweni kwakhe ngo-2017, u-Andy Burnham uye wenza ukuba indlu ibe izimali eziyinhloko ze-meya yakhe. Amakhaya akhe amacebo ahlanganisa isisulu samakhaya abiza imali engaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu, asekelwa i-$300 000 000 zigidi zehospitance Fund. Umeya uqhubele futhi ukuhlanganisa i-Regional Homesness Prevention Grant, indlela yokuhlala ehlanganisa izindlu nesisekelo sempilo nokunakekela umphakathi. Icebo liye lanconywa ngokunciphisa ukulala kabi edolobheni nge 10% futhi wahambisa izindlu ezibiza imali engaphezu kuka-5 000 eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yecebo.

ILondon: Sadiq Khan’s London Plan and Funding Pippines

Njengemeya ekhethwe ngokuqondile yaseLondon, uSadiq Khan uye wasebenzisa isisindo esiphelele se-London Plan ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudilizwa kwezindlu ezithelekayo kuyenzeka ngaphambili ngisho naphakathi nokuntengantenga. Ukuqondisa kwakhe kwandisa i-London Usizo lokuthenga icebo lezisebenzi eziyinhloko futhi kwamisa uhlelo “lokwakha ama Homes Council eLondon, oluye lwaqala amakhaya emikhandlwini engaphezu kwe 10 000. I-meya yaqala futhi i-London House Staystem ukuze yazise incazelo entsha yezindlu ezithengwayo ezihlanganisa nezithombe zezentengiselwano zezenhlalo. Naphezu kwezindleko ezikhuphukayo zokwakha, indlela kameyameyakhela igcine imizi yezindlu isebenza ngokunenzuzo.

Isifunda SaseLiverpool: USteve Rotheram’s Brownfield - Eatry

USikhulu uSteve Ronam ugxile ekubuyiseleni indawo ensundu ukuze isetshenziswe futhi izindlu ezibizayo. I- “Liverpool City Brownfield Rereation Strategy” iye yavuleka amahekthare angaphezu kwekhulu ezwe elingcolile nelingasetshenziswanga kahle, isekela amakhaya amasha angaphezu kuka-2 000 — angamaphesenti angu-60 awo angakwazi ukuthenga. Ngokusebenzisa amandla eCPO kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezincishiswe indleko, ihhovisi lomphathi-meya liye lasheshisa intuthuko ezindaweni ebezilokhu zikhona iminyaka eminingi. Indlela futhi iye yasiza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigomo yendawo ezungezile, njengoba intuthuko ensundu inganciphiswa umfutho webhande eliluhlaza.

Izinselele Nokulinganiselwa: Lokho Abashayeli Abangenakukwenza Bebodwa

Akukho meya ongaxazulula inkinga yezindlu ezibizayo ngesandla esisodwa.

Ukuncika Emalini Kahulumeni Ophakathi

Izimali zezindlu zezisebenzi zincike kakhulu ezinkokhelweni zesizwe njenge Affordble Homes Programme ne-Indacler yeNdawo yezindlu. Uma uhulumeni ophethe enciphisa imithetho noma inguquko, izimiso zezindawo zezindawo zingayeka. I-affordible Homes Programme yamuva nje ka-2023-2024 ishiye iziphathimandla ezihlangene zibhekene nezikhala zemali.

Ukulawula Okulinganiselwe Ngokulawula Ihlelo Elingadingekile Nokubuyiselwa Kwezindlu Zomphakathi

Abaqaphi abanagunya elitheni engxenyeni eqashiwe, okusho ukuthi izakhiwo ezikhulayo emadolobheni ase-UK. AmaRent akhubazeka kakhulu, futhi ukugcinwa kwezindinganiso zobuhle kubekwa emikhandlwini yendawo elinganiselwe. Ngokufanayo, umthetho wezenhlalakahle wezindlu ulawulwa yi-Regural of Social Houses ngokwesizwe, okusho ukuthi izikhulu zezindawo azinakukwazi ukubeka imingcele eqondile ezinhlanganweni zezindlu zokuzisebenzela.

Ukuhlela Okufanele Nokungahleleki Kwabantu Abathuthukisi

Abathuthukisi bangase basebenzise izilinganiso ezisemthethweni ukuze banciphise iminikelo yezindlu ezibizayo, futhi iziqondiso zikahulumeni zamanje zinqabela iziphathimandla zendawo ukuba zifune izindlu ezibizayo ezingosini eziyishumi. Abakhi bomnyakazo bangahlehlisa izintambo ngezimiso eziqinile zendawo, kodwa ngokuvamile babhekene nezinselele ezingokomthetho ezivela kubanikazi. I-Greater London Authority iye yathunyelwa enkantolo izikhathi eziningi eziqongweni zesakhiwo esithengwa kakhulu se-London Plan.

Bheka Phambili: Ikusasa Lobuholi Bezindlu ZaseMayoral

Ngemisebenzi yokwehlisa ushintsho eqhubekayo kanye nokuzimisela kukahulumeni “ukuthola isilinganiso,” amameya cishe azothola amathuluzi engeziwe. I-Speedling Up White Paper (2022) yasikisela ukuba kuvunyelwe iziphathimandla ezihlangene ukuba zigcine amakhulu enani ebhizinisi futhi zizise izinhlangano zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ze-meya ezinegunya eliphoqelelwe kakhulu lokuthenga. Abanye abahlaziyi baye bacela ukuba imeya inikwe amandla okuboleka indawo yokuhlala ngokuqondile, ngendlela efanayo nendlela i-Pernhoma Final Corporation esebenza ngayo neziphathimandla ezithile ezihlangene.

Okunye ukuthambekela okuvelayo ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlu nezinhlelo zokulungisa inetha. Abakhi bamadolobheni anjengeBristol neManchester bahlanganisa izindlu ezithengwayo nemigomo yesimo sezulu, besebenzisa imali eluhlaza ukuthuthukisa impumelelo yamandla ezindlini zomphakathi nasezakhiweni ezintsha. Lokhu kungavula imifudlana eyengeziwe exhasa izimali evela eUK Infraturastruclabal Bank nabezezimali abanesithakazelo esikhulayo emikhankanyisweni eqinile.

Isiphetho: Indima Eyinhloko Enendawo Yokukhula

Ubufakazi busobala: amameya emadolobheni ase-UK anesikhundla esibucayi ekuthuthukiseni izindlu ezithengwayo. Ngokuhlela ngokusemthethweni, ukuqoqa imithombo yempahla, ukuthembisana komphakathi, nokubambisana, angenza umehluko obonakalayo ngobuningi nangezingalo zamakhaya anokufikeleleka anikezwayo. Nakuba bengenamandla amakhulu — futhi bebhekene nezithiyo ezingokoqobo nezingasemthethweni — ukusondela kwabo ezidingweni zendawo kanye namandla abo okuhlangana phakathi kwabagcini bezibonda eziningi. Njengoba uhulumeni uhlola ngokujule kwedevolution, indima yemeya iyakukhula kuphela. Ngoba manje, amameya aphumelelayo kakhulu ahlanganisa amaqembu angomhlaba nemishini ezombangazwe nemishini esebenzayo, ukubonakala ngokuqiniseka, nokubona kwabo okuthatha isikhathi eside kanye nosuku lokuthutha.

Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, bheka Iphepha elimhlophe (GEOV.UK), i-Centre ye-madologue yokuhlaziywa kwesimiso sezindlu[, kanye ne- National Home Federation’s izibalo zezindlu ezithengwayo[].[[FLT:]]