Isingeniso: Amandla Ayingqayizivele E - DualשROLE Empilo Yomphakathi

I-National Guard inendawo ekhethekile esimweni esikhethekile sokusabela esiphuthumayo e-United States. Njengamabutho ombuso asesilinganisweni ngaphansi komyalo kambusi kanye nebutho eligciniwe likahulumeni elingasetshenziswa ngumongameli, i-Guard inikeza amandla avumelanayo, asheshayo amanxusa avamile antulayo. Kusukela ezinsukwini zayo zakuqala, iQunda selibi liye labizwa ukuba lisekele impilo yomphakathi ("esandulela"""" isigaba sesikhulu senkulumo sezempilo somphakathi. Kusukela ngo-19181, umkhuhlaza u-futhelela i-COVID . , i- National Guard ibilokhu iphethe imigqa engaphambili, iphethe imisebenzi esukela ekumisweni kwezindawo zokuhlola ukuze isakaze imithi, izibhedlela zesibhedlela, futhi idlulisele imfundo kubantu abangenayo.

Lendima enwetshiwe ayizenzakaleli. Izinzuzo ezingokwemvelo ze-Courts − i-Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), iminyango yezempilo ekhona neyomthetho wezwe, kanye nekhono layo lokuhlasela ngokushesha ngaphansi komyalo ohlangene , yenza ibe ilungu elibalulekile lezinhlangano ezinjenge Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), i-Federal Eme Managency Managency Management Agency Agency (FEMA), ne-montracyment yempilo. Njengoba leli zwe libhekana nezinsongo eziyinkimbinkimbi zempilo, kuhlanganise nokuvela kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, umqedazwe, nokuqonda ngokugcwele kweminikelo ye-National Guard Guards, izikhulu zezempilo, nemiphakathi efanayo.

Izenzakalo Ezingokomlando: Ugada Wesizwe Ngezifo Nezinhlekelele

I - Influenza Pandemic ka - 1918

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okukhulu kwendima yempilo yomphakathi yabaQuquer kwabangelwa phakathi nobhadane lomkhuhlane wonyaka ka - 1918, owahlasela cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zabantu emhlabeni. Ngalesosikhathi, iNational Guard yayingakabi ibutho elihlangene ngokugcwele likahulumeni, kodwa amabutho amaningi ezwe avuselelwa ukuba asize ekubekeni imingcele yokuhlukaniswa kwabantu, ukwakhiwa kwesibhedlela sesikhashana, kanye nosizo lokungcwaba. Abaqaphi bahlola imigwaqo befuna ukugunyaza izifihla - buso, basiza izisebenzi ezikhuphulula amagumbi, futhi bathuthe abagulayo ema - amasosha empi. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabonisa ukuthi ukuyala kwezempi nawandisa kakhulu amathuba empilo ezakhamuzi zezempi phakathi nenhlekelele.

Phakathi Nekhulu Lama - 2020: Izinhlekelele Zemvelo Nezemvelo

Phakathi nobhadane lwepoliyo lwango-1940 no-1950, ama-garder asiza ekusakazeni amaphaphu ensimbi, amisa amagumbi azimele, futhi alungiselela izinto zokuhamba ezigulini. Kamuva, ngemva kweSiphepho iSiphepho uCamille (1 969) neSiphepho u-Agnes (1972), indima yempilo yomphakathi yanda yahlanganisa ukucwengwa kwamanzi, ukulawulwa kwezilwane ezihlala ezixhumene, nokuhlola indawo ezungezile yezempilo ngemva kwezikhukhula. Lemikhankambi yamisa isisekelo senkolelo yanamuhla yokusekela amaqembu ezokusekela i-civil" namuhla enikeza ukwelapha, isayensi yezesayensi yezesayensi yezesayensi yezokuhlola, kanye nezokuxhumana phakathi nezinhlekelele.

I - COVOID 16) I - pandemic: Isikhungo Esiphothiwe

Isifo se-COVOID 16) saphawula ukusebenza okukhulu kakhulu nokuqhubekayo kwe-National Guard yempilo yomphakathi emlandweni waseMelika. Ngasekupheleni kwalenhlekelele, abagada abangaba ngu-47 000 bathunyelwa ekusekeleni impilo nemisebenzi yezomthetho kuzo zonke izifunda ezingu-50 kanye namasimu amane. Kwaqhutshwa izikhungo zokunakekela asebekhulile ezicishe zibe ngu-4 000, futhi izisebenzi zobudoda zasebenzisa isilinganiso sogobothi esingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20. Ezizweni ezinjenge New York, California, neTexas, abagadali basebenza ezikhungweni zezempilo ezisezibhedlela ezisezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezisemhlanganweni nasezinkundleni zemidlalo.

Igada futhi lenza imisebenzi ebucayi enjengokuhlola ukuxhumana, ukusekela kokuhlolwa kwemishini yezokwelapha, kanye nokuphatha amaketanga okunikezana ezokwelapha − kuhlanganise nokuphatha izinto eziyindlala njengezifihla - buso ze-N95, iziphephetha moya, nokuhlola ama-authoric. Lokhu akuzange kusindise ukuphila okungabalingwa kuphela kodwa futhi kwaveza ingcebo yemikhuba engcono kakhulu manje eyazisa uhulumeni nombuso ukuba ulungiselele imfundiso.

Ukuthunywa Kwekhora: Izinsika Ezine Zokusekela Impilo Yomphakathi

Ukusekela Kwezokwelapha

Ingxenye ebonakalayo kakhulu ye-National Guard empilweni yomphakathi ukunakekelwa okuqondile kwezempilo. Uma izimiso zokunakekela impilo ezivamile zikhungathekile, abaphathi bezokwelapha − kuhlanganise nezibhedlela zokusekela ukulwa, ukuthutha kwezokwelapha, kanye namaqembu okuthutha ezokwelapha .(ccancraad) ukumisa ezinye izindawo zokunakekela. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nobhadane lweCOVID 9319, iQuend System eLos Angeles Convention Center, kanye nezinye izindawo. Lezi zindawo zanikeza izinkulungwane zemibhede yeziguli ezingasasebenzi ze-CHOVAID ne-COVOVSION, zifaka izibhedlela ezibhedlela zendawo.

Ngaphandle kokusabela kobhadane, i-gard isekela njalo imizamo yempilo yasemaphandleni. Ezifundeni ezinabantu abaningi abangasasebenzi, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlanganyela ekuqeqesheni “Ukuqeqeshelwa Ukufunda Okusha” (IRT), phakathi nakho banikeza amazinyo amahhala, i-optometric, kanye nokunakekela kwezokwelapha emiphakathini ekude kuyilapho futhi benakekela ukuzimisela kwabo siqu kwezempilo. Ngo-2023 kuphela, kwaqedwa ukuthunywa kwe-IRT, kwasiza iziguli ezicishe zibe ngu-50 000 ezisezindaweni ezingasakwazi ukufinyelela inhlalakahle.

Ubuciko Nezokuhamba

Izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi zivame ukuhluleka ngenxa yokuphuka kwezindawo zokuzinikeza, hhayi ukuntuleka kwemithi noma imishini. Ngakho ubuchwepheshe be-gardistism bungenye yezinto zayo eziyigugu kakhulu. Izinhlangano zonogada zisebenza ezikhungweni zokusakaza, ziphatha indawo ebandayo yezindawo zokugoma kanye ne-biologics, futhi zisebenzise izimoto ezikhethekile zokuthutha − okuhlanganisa amalolijikijoli, izindiza ezinophephela ezindiza ezihambayo, kanye nezindiza ze-hoshoshayo .[1] Ukufinyelela emiphakathini eqeshiwe.

Phakathi nokusabela kweH1N1 kumkhuhlane (209-2010), amaqembu ezokuthutha athumela imithi elwa nezifo emitholampilo emaphandleni e-Alaska nase-Rocky Mountain. Muva nje, phakathi nomjovo we-mapox (pox) uphuma ngo-2022, abahleli be-gaslear be-ogasters behlangene neminyango yezempilo kahulumeni ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi izimfuneko ze-oklectrand à à jinchain ze-om-ians zagcinwa zisuka ezindlini ezikhungweni zempilo zendawo. Le khono yabonakala ibaluleke kakhulu ikakhulukazi phakathi nezenzakalo zezulu zaseTexas, njengangobusi obungu-201, lapho izisebenzi zezeqhwa zisebenzisa izimoto zokuthutha umoya-oxygen ezindaweni zasekhaya kanye ne-insuli ezigulini.

3. Imfundo Yomphakathi Nokukhulumisana Ngempilo

Ukulwa nokwaziswa okunganembile nokuthuthukisa ukuziphatha okuvikela impilo kuyinto eyandayo, futhi iQunda liye lathatha indima eyandayo ekuxhumaneni kwezempilo yomphakathi. Phakathi ne-COVIDNÚ19, amalungu aqaphi ahlanganyela ezigijimeni zokuthutha umphakathi, ukuhlolwa komakhelwane, namahholo asemadolobheni okuhlanganyela ukwaziswa okunembile ngokuhlola, ukufihla, nokugoma. Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nasemazweni.

I-Court isekela futhi imikhankaso yemfundo yezempilo ngezihloko ezinjengokuqaphela i-opioid, ukuvimbela ukuzibulala, nokugoma okuvamile. Ngokwesibonelo, isifundazwe sabagadayo baseNtshonalanga Virginia sabambisana nomnyango wezempilo kahulumeni ukuze siveze ukuthumelelana imiyalezo okuhloselwe izingozi zefentanyl, kuyilapho i-California Guarding projected yomkhankaso okhuthaza ukugoma kwe-COVOVIID 7619 phakathi kwezisebenzi zezolimo. Lemizamo isekelwe esikweni sezempi eside sesivumelwano “sokuhlanganisana nokwenza i-gadayd , izibo zomphakathi.

4. Ukusabela Enhlekeleleni Ngezimo Zempilo

Izinhlekelele zemvelo zivame ukudala izimo eziphuthumayo zempilo yomphakathi: amanzi angcolile abangela ikholera; amanzi amile azala omiyane abasakaza igciwane le-West Nile; amandla avala i-dialysis kanye nokuqashelwa ukuba kusetshenziswe imithi esindisa ukuphila. Amaqembu enhlekelele egadlwé igalelo lezenhlekelele aqeqeshelwa ukuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwempilo kuzo zonke izingxenye zokusabela. Ngemva kweSiphepho esine uMaria Puerto Rico ngo-2017, amabutho amasosha asuka emazweni amaningi athunyelwa ukusiza ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi, ukuqashelwa kwezifo, nokubuyiselwa kwamandla kagesi ezibhedleleni. Izikhulu zezempilo emveli zivivinya izinga lamanzi, kuyilapho amaqembu asekela amaqembu ezakhamuzi ehlela amabhulobhulo ahlola amasondo kanye ne - dengueamova.

Ngokufanayo, phakathi nemililo yequbula engu - 2020 eNyakatho - ntshonalanga yePacific, izisebenzi zoMgaqo - mkhosi zasakaza izifihla - buso zeNyakatho - ntshonalanga ukuze zivikele izakhamuzi ekuthutheni intuthu, zasungula izindawo zokupholisa ezibalekela kuzo abafuduki, futhi zaqondisa izinga lezindiza.

Ukuhlobana Nezimo Zempilo Zomphakathi

Impumelelo ye-National Guard empilweni yomphakathi ixhomeke ekuxhumaneni okungenamnatha nezinhlangano ezivamile. Ezingeni likahulumeni, i-gader isebenza nge-Derrement of Defense of Defense’s (DoD) Service Service of Civil Magunyane (DSCA) futhi isebenzisane kakhulu neCDC, FEMA, kanye noMnyango wezempilo nezezenhlalakahle (HS). I-Metrandada yokuqonda (MHO) phakathi kombuso osekela i-Profectorers nezikhulu zempilo zikahulumeni ziqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo esebenzayo, ukwabiwabiwa komsebenzi, i-okanye nezakhiwo ze-oyalelo zichazwe ngokucacile.

Isibonelo esiyinhloko sobudlelwano obuphumelelayo yi-20th Civil Service Team (CST), iqoqo elikhethekile elikhiwa odokotela, okucwaninga, nochwepheshe bokuxhumana. I-CST ingasebenza ngokushesha ukuze ihlole amakhemikhali, izinto eziphilayo, i-radiogical, kanye nenuzi (CBRN) usongo − kuhlanganise nemishini engokwemvelo eyenzekayo enikeza iziphathimandla zezempilo zezempilo. Phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVIDPROE19, i-CST emazweni amaningana asiza ekuhlolweni ngesivinini, ukuhanjiswa kwezinkulungwane zezindawo lapho amapulazi kahulumeni enqotshwe.

Kulelozinga lombuso, izikhulu zokuxhumana ezikhungweni zezezimo eziphuthumayo (EOC) kanye nezikhungo zezempilo, zivumela ukuba kwenziwe isinqumo esisheshayo. Lendlela efanayo yasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo eLouisiana phakathi nonyaka ka 20202021 COVID, lapho i-Louisiana Counterdrug Task Force igxile khona ngokuvamile ekunqandeni imilaliso.

Ukuqeqesha Nokulungiselela Imisebenzi Yezempilo

Nakuba umsebenzi we-gader usalokhu uvikela izwe lonke, kunemithombo emikhulu enikezelwe ekulungiseleleni izisebenzi ukusekela impilo yomphakathi. Iqembu ngalinye labagada liqhuba ukuqeqeshwa kwaminyaka yonke kwe-National Incident Management Management System (NIMS) futhi lihlanganyele ekuziqeqesheni njengokuthi i-Arden Arendry ne-Department of Homeland’s Security Breeze, okuveza izimo eziphuthumayo zempilo yomphakathi kanye nokubheduka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezikhethekile zihlanganisa:

  • Imfundo ye-Midical Chemical, Biological, Radiological, ne-NUclear (CBRN)[: iziqondiso zokususa ukungcola, izinto zokuvikela (PPE) ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nokuzihlukanisa ngesineke ngamagciwane asolwayo.
  • Izifundo zempilo ephuthumayo (PHER) : Zinikezwa nge-Ministry Services University of the Health Sciences efanayo, lezizifundo zihlanganisa ukubhucungwa kwezifo, ukuxhumana ngengozi, kanye nezimiso eziphuthumayo zempilo yomphakathi.
  • Isibhedlela saseFile ne Clinical Skills Surstainment: Abaqaphi abanezindima zezokwelapha bathola ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwezokwelapha ukuze balondoloze i-insummus futhi bathole ikhono ezindleleni zokwelapha ezinjengasemkhakheni wokumpompela imithambo, ukuphathwa kwe-apompator, kanye ne-triage.
  • Ukukhuluma okungokomlomo nolimi : Ezindaweni ezinemiphakathi emikhulu yabantu abakhuluma isizungu, amalungu aqaphe athola ukuqeqeshwa ekuxhumaneni kwempilo, asiza ekuvaleni izithiyo zolimi phakathi nokugoma nemikhankaso yokufinyelela ngaphandle.

Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, “amandla onke” e-Roard asho ukuthi amalungu amaningi futhi angochwepheshe bezempilo ekuphileni kwawo okuvamile − odokotela, abahlengikazi, abahlengikazi, abathaki bemithi, nabaphathi bezempilo yomphakathi. Lokhu kusebenza okukodwa kuwenza akwazi ukunyakaza emhlabathini ngokuzihambela kancane. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nonyaka ka-20222 mpox, abenzi bemithi bayakwazi ukuqale ukugoma imitholampilo ye-pop 29pup ngoba kakade sebenawo ama-crective adingekayo.

Imiphumela Elinganiswayo Nemiphumela Yangempela Yomhlaba

Ukwandisa ithonya logada empilweni yomphakathi kuyinselele, “‘ okuningi komsebenzi owenziwa ngemva kwezenzakalo − kodwa ama-millimeter amaningana abonisa isikali. Ngokombiko ka-2022 ovela e-National Guard Bureau, abaphathi banikeza igalelo lamahora angaphezu kwezigidi eziyisishiyagalombili emisebenzi ye-COVID 7619 ethatha i-2021, elingana nezisebenzi eziphelele ezingama-4 000 zesikhathi. Ukuhlola okwakhishwa ku- Medicinence[[

Ngalé kwe-COVOID 16), indima ye-gard ekukhipheni inhlekelele ye-opioid ibalulekile. Ezifundeni ezinjengeKentucky, iNew Hampshire, ne-Ohio, i-Counterdtrad Task Force isekela imizamo yempilo yomphakathi ngokuhlola ukuhlakanipha, ukuhlola imali, kanye nelungiselelo lemithi ephephile yokulahla izindawo zokuthola izindleko. Ukuhlola kweHhovisi likaHulumeni (GAO) kwathola ukuthi iQembu elinqandelwe ukulahlwa kwemilaliso eqoqwe ngamakhilogremu angaphezu kwangu-2 000 emishadobo esetshenziswayo minyaka yonke, kunciphisa ingozi yokuzihlinza nokusebenzisa imishini esetshenziswayo.

Endaweni yempilo yesimo sezulu, amaqembu ahlola impilo yendawo ezungezile ngemva kweSiphepho uMichael (208), ehlola amanzi aphuzwayo emithonjeni engaphezu kwengu 200 e-Florida Pankandle. Asekela futhi iCentre for Disease Control (CDC) “Colimaté́ Really States and Cities Initivection” ngokunikeza i-Gographic Information System (GIS) yokudweba izibalo zokushisa ezisezifundazweni eziningi, okwenza ukuba isikhungo sokupholisa siphumele phakathi nezenzakalo eziyingozi zokushisa.

Izinselele Nezimo Ezinzima

Naphezu kwenzuzo yayo eboniswe, iNational Guard ibhekene nezinselele eziningana ekusekeleni nasekuthuthukiseni indima yayo yempilo yomphakathi. Okokuqala, umkhakha oyinhloko wogada ukuzimisela kwezempi, futhi ukuhlomela impilo yomphakathi kungancintisana nokuqeqeshwa kokulwa nokubambisana. Phakathi nokuphakama kweCOVID 7619, amaqembu amaningi abika izinkinga zokulondoloza amakhono awo ayisisekelo okulwa njengoba amalungu echitha izinyanga eziningi ehlala ezindaweni zokugoma kunasemkhakheni wokuqeqeshela amasiko.

Okwesibili, kunemingcele engokomthetho nezimiso. UMthetho we-Posse Comitatus uvame ukunqabela amasosha ukuba angene eqenjini lomthetho, kodwa imisebenzi yezempilo yomphakathi enjengokuhlukaniswa kwabantu ngesibopho sokubotshwa kwabazali noma ukuthungatha imishini ingasibekela imingcele phakathi kwesivikelo sempilo namaphoyisa. Imithetho yoMbuso iyahlukahluka kakhulu, futhi abanye ababusi bebenqikaza ukusebenzisa iQanda ukuze bafeze imisebenzi yempilo yomphakathi ngenxa yokusabela kwezempi. Iziqondiso ezicacile nokwengamela okusemthethweni kudingekile ukuze kugcinwe ukwethenjwa umphakathi.

Okwesithathu, imvelo ehlangene ne-gard idala izinselele ekuhleleni imali kanye nokuqoqwa kwempahla. Izimpahla ezinjengezi-ambulense, izibhedlela zasemasimini, kanye nama-laborabhu okuhlola amamoto kumelwe zilondolozwe ukuze kusetshenziswe kokubili isikhathi sempi nesomkhaya, kodwa imifula ivame ukuxhasa imali evela emabhodweni ahlukene − izimali ezihambisana ne-HHS. Izimali eziguquguqukayo zingaholela engxemu yokuzimisela. Ngokwesibonelo, ilungiselelo le-2023 National Defense Leactive Act (NDA) eligunyaza izigidi ezingu-R350 zemishini yezempilo yomphakathi, kodwa njengangowama 2024, ama-R1 000 kuphela ayebophekile.

Ekugcineni, izisebenzi ze-garde ziyisakhamuzi esinemisebenzi engekho emthethweni nezibopho zomkhaya. Ukusetshenziswa okuncane kungabangela ubunzima obungokwezimali kumalungu abaqashi bawo abangase bangawaniki izinzuzo zempi. Nakuba umthetho kahulumeni uvikela amalungu agada ekukhetheni umsebenzi ngaphansi kwe-Uniformed Servicess Emploryment and Rehospectment Rights Act (USTERRA), akubona bonke abaqashi abafundiswa ngalezi zikhuselo. Ukukhulula umthwalo kugawudwa kwabalindi abaqashi kuyagxeka uma kunezinkonzo zempilo zomphakathi zikhona isikhathi eside.

Iziyalezo Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukwakha Umlindi Wezempilo Ofundile

Uma ibheka phambili, iNational Guard cishe iyobona indima yayo yempilo yomphakathi ikhula ngisho nangokwengeziwe.

  • Ukushintsha Okungathiya Nobunjani Bezulu : Njengoba ama-fitwave, imililo yemlilo, nezikhukhula zivame kakhulu, ugada bazobizwa ukuba banikeze ukusekela kwezokwelapha, ukuhlola indawo ezungezile, nokuthutha kwabantu abaningi. Izimo ezintsha zokuqeqesha zokulawula ukushisa okuhlobene nokugula kanye nokuhlola izifo ezibangelwa yi-vectorvectorss esezisunguliwe kakade.
  • Ukuhlanganisa okungalawuleki: Phakathi nobhadane, onogada bazama ukuhlola nge-telemetics ezibhedlela ezibhedlela ezisezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezivamile. Lezizimo zingahlelwa ukuba zivumele asebezomthetho ukuba bathole isiqondiso esikude phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo zempilo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni.
  • Impilo yentamo ne-Behavioral Health Service: Abagada baye bagxila kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuzibulala kanye nasekusizeni impilo engokwengqondo phakathi kwezigaba zabo siqu, kodwa futhi banikeza ukusekela komphakathi. Izinhlelo ezinjenge- “Operation Healthy Base” ne-“Imperation Ribbon Reintegiation". Ingavuselelwa izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, njengepastbrediaster noma ukucindezeleka kokuzihlukanisa ngezehlakani phakathi nezifo.
  • Imininingwane ePhakeme ne-Analytics: Amaqembu asekela umphakathi agadekile kakade anazo izikhungo zokuhlola eziphathekayo namathuluzi okuhlola. Ukusebenzisa ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa kanye nokuhlolwa kokubikezela kungasiza ekutholeni ukuqubuka ngokushesha kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinto.
  • Imisebenzi ye-Frames eqiniswe engokomthetho: Abenzi bomthetho bahlola izindlela zokuvuselela u-Stafford Act nemithetho yenkonzo yezempilo yomphakathi ukuze bacacise igunya logada lokwenza imisebenzi yempilo phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo, ukunciphisa ukungaqondani okungokomthetho okunganciphisa ukusabela.

I-National Guard ayithathi indawo yesimiso sempilo esiqinile somphakathi, kodwa ingumthakathi wezidakamizwa onamandla. Ngokufaka imali ekuqeqesheni, ekuxhumaneni, nasemishinini, isizwe singaqinisekisa ukuthi ugada uhlala ethembekile ekuvikeleni impilo yemiphakathi (hhayi usongo luyigciwane elisha, isiphepho, noma i-opioidōid . Umqedazwele wezidakamizwa wabonisa kokubili ukuthi igalelo elikhona nemingcele yokuhileleka kwabalindiwe; inyathelo elilandelayo lidinga ukukhela kulezo zifundo zokwakha igciwane eliqinile, eliphilile.

Njengoba uJenene Daniel Hokanson, owayenguMphathi weNational Guard Bureau, aphawula, “Ugada bayibhuloho elihlala njalo phakathi kwezempi nezindawo esikhonza kuzo. Uma kuziwa empilweni yomphakathi, asisona nje isikhawu; siyingxenye yaphakade yekhambi.” Lawo mazwi abonisa inkathi entsha yokubambisana kwesizwe sobusosha lapho indima ye-National Guard iqhubeka khona ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impilo yomphakathi futhi yande.