Isingeniso: Isizathu Sokuba Ukufunda Nokubhala Kubaluleke Kakhulu Manje Kunanini Ngaphambili

Ulwazi nezakhamuzi ezinamakhono kudingeka zihileleke ngokunenzuzo ekuphileni kwentando yeningi . kwaye yaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu enkathini yokugcwala kokwaziswa, ukuhlalisana kwezombangazwe, nokuncipha kokuthembela ezinhlanganweni. E-United States, ukuhlola kubonisa njalo ukuthi amagatsha amakhulu abantu abadala angakwazi ukusho amagama amagatsha amathathu kahulumeni, achaza abameleli bawo abakhethiwe, noma achaze ukuthi umthetho obalwe kanjani. Lolu lwazi lunemiphumela engokoqobo: ukuvota okuphansi, ukunciphisa ukuthatha iqhaza ezinqumweni zomphakathi, futhi umphakathi ungaba nethuba lokuqashelwa ngamagama angenwa ngalé kweze. Ubudlelwane bomphakathi (PR) bunesikhundla esiyingqayizivele sokukhuluma ngala magebe amaqembu. Ngokuhlela imikhankambi yokuxhumana, ukuqondisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwezezindaba, nokuthuthukisa ingxoxo eqondile phakathi kwezakhamuzi, iPDBS ingaguqula ulwazi olubanzi olubanzi, lolu hlangothi olubanzi lwezenezelele, futhi lunwe kakhulu.

Ukuhlobana phakathi komphakathi nokufunda umphakathi akuyona into eyenzeka ngengozi. Ekujuleni kwayo, i-PR ifuna ukwakha ukuqondana phakathi kwezinhlangano nomphakathi. Uma lelonhlangano iyinhlangano kahulumeni, iqembu lokuzisebenzela, noma isisekelo sokufundisa umphakathi, umphakathi uba isakhamuzi, futhi ukuqonda kufunwa kakhulu ukungenela kolwazi lwentando yeningi. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela i-PR esebenza ngayo njengebhuloho phakathi kwezinhlangano zomphakathi nabafundi abadala, ukuhlola amasu asebenzayo, izithiyo eziqhubeka, namathuba amasha okusebenzisa ukuxhumana njengethuluzi lokufunda nokukhetha okwengeziwe.

Ukuchaza Nokulinganisa Ukufunda

Ngaphambi kokuzama ukuchaza indima yePR, kubalulekile ukuchaza ukufunda nokubhala kwabantu ngokunembe. Ukufunda nokubhala kuhlanganisa okungaphezulu kakhulu kokubamba ngekhanda amaqiniso ngokuphathelene nesimiso sikahulumeni. Kuhlanganisa ikhono lokuhlolisisa imithombo yokwaziswa komphakathi, ukuqonda izimiso zokwenziwa kwezimiso, ukuqaphela amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo njengesakhamuzi, nokuhlanganyela ezinqubweni zomphakathi njengevota, umsebenzi wejaji, nokuhlela umphakathi. Isikhungo sesizwe se-Constical Studies[[ nezinye izinhlangano sekuyisikhathi eside zigcizelela ukuthi isakhamuzi esifundile kumelwe sikwazi ukuchaza imibhalo yomphakathi, sihlanganyele nemibono ehlukeneyo, futhi sisebenzise izimiso zentando yentando yeningi ezisezingeni. [FLT:]

Ukulinganiswa kokufunda nokubhala kwabantu bakhona akuvumelani, kodwa ukuhlola okuningi okukhulu kunikeza umfanekiso ohluzekile. Inhlangano ka-Anntenberg Public Policy Center kanyaka nonyaka we-Constitution Day ithole ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zama-America zingasho wonke amagatsha kahulumeni, futhi cishe ingxenye yesine ayinakukwazi ukusho amagama. izilinganiso [i-CP] [iiiiiiPiccopoints] [[FLD]] [iii] [ii] ... ibika ukuthi amazwe angaphansi kwengxenye yezwe afuna izifundo zesikole esiphakeme, futhi ulwazi lwasemphakathi ngokuvamile alunakekeli. Lezi zibalo zigcizelela isidingo semfundo eqhubekayo lapho zifinyelela khona, emsebenzini, emiphakathini yezokuxhumana, nakwemiphakathi yezokuxhumana. Izinhlelo zomphakathi zinikeza imfundo ezindaweni eziphambili kakhulu ngenxa yalezo zemfundo.

Indlela Ubuhlobo Bomphakathi Obuthuthukisa Ngayo Ukufunda

Ochwepheshe bobudlelwane bomphakathi basebenzisa amasu amaningi ukuze bandise ukuqaphela nokuqonda komphakathi phakathi kwabantu abadala. La masu awayona inzuzo eyodwa; avumelana nezilaleli, impikiswano, nendawo yokuxhumana. Ngezansi amasu amane ayisisekelo, ngalinye elinezibonelo eziqinile nokucabangela ukuze liphumelele.

Imikhankaso Yokwaziswa Ehlongozwayo

Enye yezindlela eziqondile zokuthuthukisa ukufundwa kwe-PR kungokokwaziswa okufundisa umphakathi ngezinqubo ezithile, amalungelo, noma izinqubo. Lemikhankaso ivame ukwenzeka emijikelezweni yokukhetha, imithetho emisha, noma izinhlelo zempilo yomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nokukhishwa kwe-2020 U.S., imikhankaso ye-PR kuhulumeni, umbuso, nakumazinga endawo asebenzela ukutshela izakhamuzi ukuthi zingabalwa kanjani, kungani zazibalulekile, futhi kanjani ukwaziswa komgunyazo kusetshenziswa. Ngokufanayo, i-votor-rectrives ithembele kakhulu ku-PR ukuze i-PR izenze kube lula izimfuneko zokubhalisa, izikhawu, imikhawulo, nokuphawula okungadidelwa okungadidaniswa.

Imikhankaso ye-PR ephumelelayo isebenzisa ulimi olulula, izinsiza-kubona, nokuphindaphinda emapulatifomu amaningi. Baphinde balindele imibuzo evamile kanye nokunikeza izinkulumo ezinganembile. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhankaso ngomthetho omusha wendawo ongahlanganisa ividiyo efingqiwe echaza ushintsho, incwadi ye-FAQ esakazwa ngamaphepha-zincwadi omphakathi, kanye nochungechunge lwezimemezelo zezokuxhumana ezihlanganisa amaqembu omphakathi. Umgomo awukona nje ukusakaza ukwaziswa okunganembile kodwa ukwenza kube lula kubantu abadala ukuthola, ukuqonda, nokuthatha isinyathelo.

Ukuhlanganyela Kwemithombo Yezindaba Ewusizo

Izivumelwano zezindaba ziseyisisekelo sobudlelwane bomphakathi, futhi iqhaza layo ekufundiseni abantu umphakathi libalulekile. Ochwepheshe be-PR bahlakulela ubuhlobo nezintatheli, abahleli, nabakhiqizi ukuze baqinise izindaba zomphakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa kungasukela ezihlokweni ezichaza umthetho omusha ukuchaza izingcezu ezikhuthaza izinguquko zemfundo yomphakathi. Emiphakathini eminingi, amaphephandaba nesiteshi yethelevishini kuseyimithombo eyinhloko yokwaziswa ngemihlangano yedolobha, izinqumo zesikole, nokuzwa kwabantu. Ngokunikeza ukwaziswa okunembile, okufike ngesikhathi kule mithombo yezindaba, iPR ochwepheshe basiza abantu abadala ukuba babe namaqiniso ayisisekelo adingayo ukuze balandele ukubusa kwendawo.

Kusukela enkathini yezokuxhumana, imithombo yezindaba ifinyelela ku-techm yezezokuxhumana, i-podcast, kanye ne-internet yokwaziswa. Amaqembu e-PR manje akha okungahlanganyelwayo `i-infographics', amavidiyo amafushane achazayo, nemibuzo ehambisanayo , okungasakazwa ngokuqondile ezibukelini ngaphandle kokuthembela kuphela kubagcini bamasango abangokwesiko. Lokhu kushintshela ekufinyeleleni kolwazi lomphakathi kodwa futhi kwazise izinselele ezintsha, njengalokhu kwanda kokungaqiniseki. Umkhuba we-PR ufuna ukuba ulwazi lufakwe, luqinisekiswe, futhi lumiswe, lubeke izinga lokulunga okuzuzisa ulwazi olubanzi.

Ukuxhumana komphakathi nokubuka ubuso nobuso

Nakuba ukuxhumana ngemishini kunamandla, ukubophana ngemibono kusenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokwakha ukufunda nokubhala kwabantu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abadala abangabaza ukuthumelelana imiyalezo esemthethweni. Ochwepheshe bomphakathi bahlela amahholo edolobha, izikhungo zomphakathi, bavula izindlu emahhovisi kahulumeni, nezinhlelo zokulalela ngokwethukela lapho izakhamuzi zingabuza imibuzo ngokuqondile ngabenzi bezimiso. Lezi zenzakalo zifeza izinjongo eziningi: zinikeza imfundo, zivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibone ukuthi amaphiwa azo, futhi zinikeza abenzi bemizwayo izikhala eziqondene.

Isibonelo esiphumelela kakhulu yi "isikole se-cbic" noma i-"cizens's sikole," uhlelo olulawulwa amadolobha amaningi kanye nama-aunding lapho izakhamuzi zifunda khona uchungechunge lwezinqubo ukuze zifunde indlela uhulumeni wendawo osebenza ngayo. Amaqembu e-PR akla futhi akhuthaze lezi zikole, athuthukise izifundo zezifundo, futhi ngokuvamile avule izingxoxo. Kubantu abadala okungenzeka ukuthi baye bazizwa behlukanisiwe ekubuseni, izinhlelo ezinjalo zedemyszing bareburecraccases futhi banika abahlanganyeli ekubeni abamele ukuhlanganiswa kwemiphakathi yabo siqu. I-Community i-excomment i-exceptions provicessssssss, izinhlangano ezisemzinsuntracries lapho abantu abadala sebeqoqiwe khona kakade.

Ukuthuthuka Kwemfundo

Isikhulumi se-PR sihileleke kakhulu ekudaleni izinto ezichaza izihloko zomphakathi ngendlela efinyelelekayo. Lokhu okuqukethwe kungathatha uhlobo lwezincwajana, amakhasi ayiqiniso, amawebhusayithi, noma ngisho nezifundo ezimfushane ezinikezwa ngamapulatifomu amanani. Isihluthulelo siwukuvumelanisa ukwaziswa okuyinkimbinkimbi nezilaleli ezindala ezingase zibe nesikhathi esilinganiselwe noma zibe nolwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, ihhovisi lokhetho lombuso lingase lisebenzisanenkampani ye-PR ukuze ithuthukise indlela yokuvota esebenzisa ulimi olucacile, izithombe ezinemibala egqamile, kanye neziqondiso ezicacile ezithathelwe izinyawo. Isiqondiso singahanjiswa ngezilimi eziningi nangamafomu ukuze sifinyelele emiphakathini ehlukahlukene.

Okuqukethwe yimfundo kuphumelela kakhulu uma kuhlelwa ngokulandelana. Kunokuba kudwetshwe amaqiniso afiphele ngendlela isikweleti esiba ngayo umthetho, ipesenti le-PR lizohamba phakathi kwephepha langempela elisanda kudlula, libonise indlela elisuswe ngayo embonweni ukuya emethenini, nokuthi kusho ukuthini kubantu abahlala khona. Lendlela eqinile isiza abantu abadala ukuba baxhumane imiqondo engabonakali nokuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke, bathuthukise ukuqonda nokuzinza. Ochwepheshe bomphakathi basebenzisa futhi izimiso zesayensi yesimilo (enjenge-framing, ubufakazi obungokwenhlalo, ne-scecreacce) ukuze bandise amathuba okuthi abantu abadala bahileleke nokukhumbula ukwaziswa.

Izinselele Zokusebenzisa I - PR Ekwakheni Ukufunda Nokubhala

Ukuqonda lezi zinselele kubalulekile ekuklameni imikhankaso ephumelela ngokwengeziwe nasekubekeni amathemba angokoqobo ngalokho i - PR engakufeza.

Ukungaqondi Nokungaqondi

Indawo yokwaziswa esebenza kuyo i-PR ingcoliswa kakhulu amaphutha angamabomu. I-Misproject isakazeka ngokushesha kwimithombo yezembutho yomphakathi, ivame ukudlula izinguquko emithonjeni engokomthetho. Imikhankaso yePR egxile ekufundeni ulwazi lomphakathi, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nemiyalezo ebekwe kahle kakhulu ingalwa kanzima ukuze ithole imvume uma iphikisana nokulandisa okungamanga okusakazeki kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqamba amanga ngokuvota, ukuphepha kokuvota, noma ukuhlukanisa abantu kungalulaza imizamo yePR yokukhuthaza ukuthatha iqhaza. Ukulwa nemibono enembile kuphela kudinga amasu ekwakheni kodwa futhi kudinga amasu okwakha ukukholeka okuthembana nabantu abathonyelwa emphakathini futhi kusetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindwa ezinkolelweni ezingamanga.

Ukuhlanekezelwa Kwezombangazwe Nokukhohliswa Kokholo

Izinhlangano eziningi zomphakathi zibhekene nokuthembana okuphansi komphakathi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwemiphakathi eyake yancishwa ngokomlando. Uma inxusa likahulumeni noma i-PR engekho nzuzo iqala umkhankaso wePR, kungaphikwa ngenxa nje yokuthi ubani othumela umyalezo. Ukungathathi hlangothi lwezombangazwe kubangela izinkinga ezengeziwe: isigijimi esibhekwa njengesingathathi hlangothi yiqembu elithile. Ochwepheshe funa basebenzise lentethelelo ngokukhanyisa ngokuxhasa kwabo imali, ukuvuma ukuhluleka kwabo kwangesikhathi esidlule, futhi bagxilisa izidingo zezilaleli kunokuba basekele izithakazelo zenhlangano esekelayo.

Ukufinyelela Okulinganiselwe Kweziteshi Ezivamile Ze - PR

Izindlela ze-PR zakudala zenza kube nzima ukuveza iziteshi ze-PR , ukusungula, ukuhlangana kwemibuthano, kanye nemithombo yezindaba. Ngokuvamile abantu abadala abangabathengi bezindaba abavamile, abakhuluma ezinye izilimi kunesiNgisi, abangakhombi i-intanethi, noma abangakhohliswa yizibopho zemisebenzi nezomkhaya bangaphuthelwa ngokuphelele yimizamo evamile. Imikhankaso yezemishini ingafinyelela, kodwa futhi ifinyelele engxenyeni yezibalo: abantu abadala, amakhaya, futhi abantu abaphansi abakwaziyo ukufinyelela i-intanethi ye-intanethi, noma amakhono olwazi olungokwezinjwayezi ukuze bakwazi ukuyaluza ngolwazi olungaphakathi. Ngakho i-PR isebenzise indlela yolwazi engcono yokuxhumana ngaphandle kwezimiso, ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano zomphakathi, nokuxhumana okuhlangane, ukunyathelisa, nokuhlangane kwezenzakalo ze-techwe-ted - transport.

Amathuba Nokuhlanganisa Izindlela

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, kunamathuba amahle okuqinisa indima ye - PR ekwakheni imfundo yabantu abadala.

Imininingwane-inguquko yomuntu siqu

Intuthuko ekwazini ukwaziswa ivumela ochwepheshe be-PR ukuba bahlukanise izibukeli ezisezinjukwini ezikhulile ezisekelwe ezidingweni zabo zokwaziswa, ezithandwayo zokuxhumana, nasemazingeni angaphambili esivumelwano somphakathi. Umkhankaso ungathumela imiyalezo ehlukene kubavoti besikhathi sokuqala, izakhamuzi ezithatha isikhathi eside, abazali abasha, noma abanikazi bebhizinisi abancane − bethumela okuqukethwe kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu eqenjini ngalinye. Ukuzinika ngokwakho kundisa amathuba okuba ukwaziswa kufundwe, kuqondwe, futhi kusebenzele. Ngokwesibonelo, uhulumeni wedolobha ungasebenzisa imininingwane evela kumarekhodi empahla ukuze uthumele amaposi emakhaya abanikazi bezinguquko ezisemithethweni yemithetho, kuyilapho usebenzisa izikhangiso zezentengiselwa ezokuxhumana ukufinyelela amalungelo aphakeme.

Imikhumbi Eseduze Nezindawo Ezingangamelwa

Imikhankaso ye-PR iphumelela kakhulu uma ikhuliswa izinhlangano nabantu abakhonjiwe abasukhona kakade. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abaholi benkolo bendawo, abaqondisi bezincwadi, othisha, abagcini bezempilo, nabahleli bomphakathi. Ngokubambisana nalezi zimemezelo, ochwepheshe be-PR bangathola izinhlanganisela ezingase zingavunyelwe ukuxhumana nezikhululo ezisemthethweni. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhankaso wokwandisa ukuvota phakathi kwabantu abadala abafuna ukuvota phakathi kwe-Latino, asebe le-Spanishi, iziteshishi, izimemezelo zesonto, nemithola - mpilo yomphakathi. Lemiphakathi futhi inikeza iziphakamiso eziwusizo ezisiza amaqembu e-PR ukuba ahluze imiyalezo yawo.

Izimo Ezintsha Zemithombo Yezindaba Ezintengantengayo

Ukwanda kwevidiyo efana ne-code, i-podcast, kanye ne-webcate ehambisanayo kunikeza izindlela ezintsha zokuchaza imiqondo yomphakathi. Ipulatifomu efana ne-Tik Tok ingabonakala ingavumelani ne-omtunzi, kodwa othisha nezinhlangano zikahulumeni baye bathola ukuthi amavidiyo amafushane, angafinyelela abantu abadala abangawafundi kahle umbiko kahulumeni. Ngokufanayo, uchungechunge oluhlolwayo oluhlola indlela uhulumeni wendawo esebenza ngayo, ukuhlelwa kwendlela yengxoxo noma ukulandisa izindaba ezilandisayo okungabekezeleki. Ochwepheshe bomphakathi abazama le mishini bangahlangana nabantu abadala lapho bekhona, kunokuba balindele ukuba abantu abadala bafike emithonjeni yokwaziswa engokwesiko.

Ukugcizelela Ukubona Indaba Nokulandisa

Enye yezindlela ezinamandla kakhulu i-PR ingavuselela ngayo ukwethembana nokufunda okuthandwayo kwezakhamuzi i-plogin ngokuveza ukubonakala. Uma amanxusa kahulumeni kanye nezinzuzo zihlanganyela obala indlela izinqumo ezenziwa ngayo, indlela imali esetshenziswa ngayo, nendlela izakhamuzi ezingathonya ngayo imiphumela, ibonisa isibopho sokuzibopha okungalwisana nokugxeka. Imikhankaso yokuxhumana esobala ehlanganisa ukubiza izenzo −" ukuzwa obala ngoMashi 15" noma "Ukwenza ukukhulumela kwakho ngalesi sinqumo"" [1] Ukunikeza abantu abadala indlela eqondile yokuhlanganyela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuxhumana okusobala kungaguqula ukubheka obala njengokufinyela nokungangeneki nokusabela.

Isiphetho: IPR njengeNsika Yemfundo Yentando Yeningi

Ukufundisa akuyona inqubo emisiwe kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo yokufunda nokuthembisa. Ubudlelwane bomphakathi, ngokusemandleni, buyimfundo nokuxhumana. Ngokusebenzisa imikhankaso yokwaziswa, ubudlelwane bezindaba, ukufinyelela umphakathi, nemfundo, ochwepheshe be-PR basiza izakhamuzi ezikhulile ukuba zilawule ubunkimbinkimbi besimiso sobudemokhrasi. Bahumushela ulimi lwenqubo olimini lolwazi lwansuku zonke, okwenza kube lula ngabantu abengeziwe ukuba bahlanganyele ezinqumweni ezithinta ukuphila kwabo.

Izinselele ziyiqiniso: ukwaziswa okunganembile, ukungalingani, nokuthola okulinganiselwe kungalulaza ngisho nemizamo engcono kakhulu. Kodwa amathuba akhona ngendlela efanayo. Ngokumukela ukwaziswa okuzisebenzela komuntu siqu, ukwakha ubuhlobo nama-media omphakathi athenjwayo, ukuhlola amafomethi amasha ezindaba, nokusungula ukubonakala, i-PR ingawafeza amandla ayo entando yeningi. Enkathini lapho ukuba isakhamuzi esinolwazi sidingeka kakhulu futhi sinzima kunanini ngaphambili, ubudlelwane bomphakathi buyithuluzi elibucayi lokuqinisa ulwazi lwezakhamuzi nezivumelwano zabantu abadala. Umphakathi ofaka imali ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana komphakathi, ukulandisa, ukulandisa, ukulandisa, inkululeko, nenkululeko.

ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngokufunda ngokufunda nokuxhumana komphakathi, bheka i- ANNCER Policy Center [ yokucwaninga okuqhubekayo ngolwazi lomphakathi, kanye i-Public Relations Society of America[ yeziqondiso zokuziphatha zokuxhumana komphakathi.[]