Table of Contents
Isisekelo Sokuhlelwa Kwesimiso Sentando Yeningi
Izakhiwo zezemisebenzi zendawo zilawula ukuphila kwansuku zonke kwezakhamuzi ngezindlela ezijulile. Imigwaqo, amapaki, izinqubo zamanzi, ukuthutha komphakathi, kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi zinquma indlela abantu abahamba ngayo, baxhumanisa ngayo, futhi basebenzisa imithombo yezindawo. Nokho, amashumi eminyaka, lemisebenzi eminingi yayihlelwa ngokuzihlukanisa, ononjiniyela nezikhulu zikahulumeni benza izinqumo ezivalekile. Ukushintshela ekufakeni ulwazi olubalulekile emphakathini kuveza indlela yokuhlola izimali zomphakathi okufanele zisebenze ngayo. Kunokuba kunikeze izixazululo ezivela phezulu, ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo zanamuhla kuyaqaphela ukuthi abantu abaphila ngalezi zimiso nsuku zonke banolwazi olubalulekile ngemisebenzi, okungekho, futhi okudingeka ngempela.
Ukwaziswa komphakathi kuguqula isisekelo sesisekelo sobuchwepheshe obuphezulu sibe inqubo ebambisanayo. Uma izakhamuzi zibumba imisebenzi ethinta omakhelwane bazo, imiphumela ithuthuka kakhulu. Imisebenzi ithambekele kakhulu ekubhekaneni nezidingo ezingokoqobo kunalezo ezicatshangelwayo. Ukukhetha kokuklama kubonisa umongo wendawo kanye nezinto ezithandwayo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, isisekelo esikhona sizuza ukwethenjelwa nokuphathiswa komphakathi eziwusebenzelayo. Lolushintsho aluyona nje indaba yentando yeningi; luyinkokhelo ewusizo yokuthi imininingwane engcono, umklamo ongcono, nemiphumela engcono yesikhathi eside ivela lapho amazwi ahlukene akhona engxoxhene.
Ohulumeni bendawo kulo lonke elase-United States baye bamukela ukubophana komphakathi njengengxenye eyinhloko yezinqubo zabo zokuhlela izakhi. INhlangano Yesizwe yamadolobha ibhalise izibonelo eziningi lapho ukuhileleka komphakathi kwakudala nokuqhubekayo kuholele ekuvumeleni izakhiwo ngokushesha, ukuncishiswa kwemisebenzi, nokuncishiswa kwemali. Lemiphumela ayizenzakaleli. Uma abantu bezwa futhi bebona okufakiwe kwabo kuboniswa emiklamweni yokugcina, baba yizekeli kunezithane. Lokhu kuguqula izakhiwo zezezombangazwe zezemisebenzi yezemfundo ngokushesha, kuzenze zibe lula ukuxhasa, ukwakha, nokugcina isikhathi.
Ngaphandle Kwezindlebe Zomphakathi Ezingazwiwe Nje
Ukuthatha izindlela ezivamile zokuthembisana umphakathi ngokuvamile kwakuxhomeke esakhiweni esisodwa sikahulumeni phakathi kwamahora esonto. Lendlela yayikhanga kakhulu abantu abathatha umhlalaphansi: abathathe umhlalaphansi, abashisekeli abanemibono eqinile, nalabo abakwaziyo ukuya. Umphumela wawungameleli umphakathi omkhulu futhi ngokuvamile wawukhulisa amazwi aphakeme kunawodwa amasu ahlobene kakhulu. Izivumelwano zomphakathi wanamuhla ziqaphela ukuthi ukufinyelela ummeleli we-dipotice ngempela wezakhamuzi kudinga umzamo nezindlela ezihlukahlukene.
Umqondo wobulungisa obungokwezesayensi obungokwezemfundo ekuhleleni izemisebenzi uveza ukuthi ukulunga kwezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo kubaluleke njengokulunga kwemiphumela. Uma imiphakathi ehlukene ikhishwa ekuhleleni izingxoxo, izekelo zezemfashini zingaqinisa ukungalingani okukhona. Ukwanda komgwaqo kungagwetshwa endaweni ephansi ekhona. Ipaki elisha lingabekwa endaweni engafinyelelwa ngesivinini somphakathi. Izakhiwo zokulashwa kwamanzi zingahlala kude kakhulu nezakhamuzi ezingazuza kakhulu engenisweni elithuthukisiwe. Lemiklamo ingaveli ebubini kodwa enqunyweni enziweni ekhona ehlulekayo ukuhlanganisa amazwi okulungile ezikhathini ezifanele.
Ukwaziswa okufakwa emphakathini kusingatha lenkinga ngokuqondile. Ngokuzama ukufinyelela abantu abangaqashelwanga, ngokusebenzisa amafomethi afinyelelekayo, nokunikeza izinkonzo zokuhumusha, ohulumeni bendawo bangaqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zezesisekelo zibonisa izidingo zabo bonke abantu, hhayi nje lezo ezinesikhathi nengcebo yokuba khona emihlanganweni. Inhlangano yaseAmerican Planning Association[ igcizelela ukuthi ukuthembisana okunganqamukiyo kudinga ukufinyeza, hhayi ukutholakala okungaphucuthiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuya lapho abantu sebekhona kakade: izikhungo zomphakathi, amabhizinisi, namapulatifomu ezindawo zokukhulekela, indawo lapho izakhamuzi zihlangana khona ngokwemvelo.
Izindlela Zokuqoqa Ukuzuza Imfundo Yomphakathi
Ithuluzi lokuhlanganisa umphakathi liye lakhula kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Ohulumeni bendawo manje sebenezindlela eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ngamunye ofanelana nezinhlobo zomsebenzi, izici zomphakathi nezigaba zenqubo yokuhlela. Ukukhetha inhlanganisela efanele yezindlela kubalulekile ekuqoqeni izinhlelo ezibalulekile ezingaklama imiphumela yemisebenzi.
Ukuhlola Nemibuzo
Ukuhlola kuhlala kungelinye lamathuluzi angcono kakhulu okuqoqa ukufakwa komphakathi. Ukuhlola okusungulwe kahle kungafinyelela amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezakhamuzi, kunikeze amandla okulinganisela asiza abahleli ukuba baqonde okuthandwayo ngamaqembu ahlukene amanani abantu. Amapulani anamuhla avumela ukulinganisela kokuhlakanipha, lapho ukulandelela imibuzo esekelwe ezimpendulweni zangaphambili, ukwenza okuhlangenwe nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ngezindlela eziningi: iposi emakhaya ngaphandle kokungena, amaphephandaba e-imeyili abakhonziswa izikhokhelo, imiyalezo e-messansini zabasebenzisi bocingo, namakhophi ephepha ezindaweni zomphakathi ezisiza abantu abasebenzisa ucingo.
Umklamo wokuhlola ophumelelayo udinga ukunaka ngokucophelela ukucubungula amagama, izinketho zempendulo, nobude. Imibuzo ephambili ingabangela imiphumela enzima. Ulimi oluningi lungadida abantu abaphendula. Ucwaningo oluthatha imizuzu engaphezu kweyishumi ukuqeda izilinganiso ezikhudlwana zokuhlola izindiza. Uhulumeni wendawo kufanele uhlole amaqembu amancane ngaphambi kokusakazwa okukhulu futhi ucabangele ukunikeza izisusa ezinjengezipho noma ukungena emklomelweni ukuze uthuthukise amazinga okuhlanganyela. Ukuhunyushelwa ezilimini ezikhulunywayo kakhulu emphakathini kudingekile ekufinyeleleni izikhulumi zesiNgisi ezingezona ezivamile.
Imihlangano Yeningi Nezindawo Zokusebenzela
Imihlangano yomphakathi ivele yaqala kakhulu kunendlela engokwesiko ye-podium-and-microphone. Amashabhu anamuhla asebenzisa izinqubo zokuhlanganisa ezikhuthaza ukuhlanganyela kubo bonke abakhona, hhayi nje izingxoxo zephimbo elikhulu. Izingxoxo zeqembu elincane, ukunikeza izinqumiso eziphambili, ukuvivinya umzimba okusekelwe emabalazweni, nokuhlela izinto ezingokokwenzeka kuvumela abahlanganyela ukuba bahileleke ezindaweni ezibangela ukufakwa okungcono kakhulu kunokunikeza izinkulumo ezivulekile ze-microphone kuphela. Abaqondisi abaqeqeshelwe eqenjinini bangaqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abavelele abahlala beminyene abanwanga umsindo futhi ukuthi ingxoxo igxile emibuzweni edinga ukuphendulwa.
Imihlangano yakusihlwa iphikisana kakhulu nezibopho zomkhaya. Imihlangano yaphakathi kwemini ayifaki izisebenzi ezindaweni ezingafinyelelwa yizithuthi zomphakathi noma ngaphandle kokupaka izakhiwo ezingezinye izithiyo. Izinhlelo eziphumelelayo zinikeza izikhathi eziningi zemihlangano nezindawo, kuhlanganise nezinketho zempelasonto nezindawo ezisezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi. Ukuhlanganyela ngokweqiniso ngevidiyo kuye kwaba umkhuba ovamile kusukela kubhadane lwe-COVID-19, ukuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele ziphume ekhaya zibone izintshumayelo futhi zibuze imibuzo ngesikhathi esingokoqobo.
Amaqembu Agxilisa Ingqondo NamaKomiti Okuqondisa
Amaqembu amancane ahlanganisa amaqembu ezakhamuzi ukuze axoxe ngokujule, ngendlela ehleleke kakhulu. Iqembu elivamile lihlanganisa abathathi-nxaxheba abayisishiyagalombili kuya kwabayishumi nambili futhi lithatha amahora amabili, liqondiswa umqondisi oqeqeshiwe olandela umthetho wengxoxo oklanyelwe ukuhlola izihloko ezithile ngokujule. Amaqembu aphambili ekuvuleni [31] [3FLT] [3] ngemva kokusabela. Bembula ukucabanga, imizwelo, futhi baphila okuhlangenwe nakho okuthandwa umphakathi. Amaqembu angazihlelwa ngokulandela izici ezibonisa izibalo zendabuko, izindawo zendawo, noma izigaba ezikhongozelelwayo.
Izakhamuzi zithatha lomqondo ngokuthuthukisa ukwakha izindikimba ezihlangana njalo kulomsebenzi. La makomiti ahlanganisa abameleli abavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, izifunda zebhizinisi, izinhlangano zezemfundo, namaqembu amanani abantu. Amakomiti okuhlanganisa izakhamuzi anikeza ukuqhubekeka nokujula kwezenzakalo zesikhathi esisodwa ezingavumelani. Amalungu athuthukisa ubuchwepheshe ngesikhathi esithile, ukwakha ubuhlobo nezisebenzi zeprojekthi kanye nezinye. Lengxoxo eqhubekayo ivumela ukuveza iprojekthi njengoba iklama iqala, ukuthatha izinkinga ngokushesha nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokugcina.
Amathuluzi Okuxhumana Nezinqubo Zokuxhumana Nge - Internet
Ukuvela kwamapulatifomu okuhlobana ngama-minuctures kuye kwashintsha indlela ohulumeni bendawo abaqoqa ngayo ukuxhumana komphakathi. Amathuluzi okubala asebenza avumela izakhamuzi ukuba zifake izipini ezindaweni ezithile futhi zishiye izimpendulo ngezindaba noma imibono. I-Onlinear i-menu ivumela izingxoxo ezishelelayo lapho abathathi-nxaxheba bengase baphendulene futhi balungise. Amahholo asemadolobheni asiza ukuba kuhlelwe isikhathi sangempela se-Q&A izikhawu ezinezimende zabaqondisi bezakhiwo. La mathuluzi akhiqiza amageoglocate, isikhathi esine, ukwaziswa okuphenyiswayo okungacubuthwa kahle, ngokungafani namanothi abhalwe ngesandla asemihlanganweni yomphakathi okunzima ukuhlelwa ngokwesilinganiso.
Amathuluzi emishini nawo anciphisa imingcele yokuhlanganyela. Izakhamuzi ezingakwazi ukuya emihlanganweni yakusihlwa ngenxa yomsebenzi noma izibopho zomkhaya zinganikela ngezimiso zazo. Abantu abakhathazekile ekukhulumeni obala bangaveza imibono yabo ngokucabanga ngokubhala. Labo abakhuluma ezinye izilimi ngaphandle kwesiNgisi bangasebenzisa amathuluzi okuhumusha noma banikele ngolimi lwabo oluthandwayo ukuze babukeze kamuva izisebenzi ezifunda zinenero ezimbili. Iprojekthi yeMinyango Yasembutho [[ ibhale ngendlela i-tectroography yemibono ye-aldiom engandisa ngayo ngokuphawulekayo ukufinyelela nokuhlukahluka komfakela komphakathi uma ifakwe njengengxenye yecebo lokuthembisa elibanzi elisekhona namanje elisekhona ngenkombano-mthola-intanethi.
Izinzuzo Zokusetshenziswa Komphakathi
Imisebenzi yokuhlela ehlanganisa ukufakwa kokwaziswa okubalulekile komphakathi yenza kangcono kakhulu. Izinga lomklamo lithuthuka ngoba ulwazi lwendawo luveza izithiyo namathuba okusebenza emabalazweni kuphela. Iprojekthi yentuthuko yomgwaqo womakhelwane ingathola ukuthi imigwaqo ethile iyingozi kubantwana abafundayo phakathi namahora ehlayo, ulwazi olungasoze lwabonakala emikhakheni ehambayo kodwa lubalulekile ukuze kuklanywe ngendlela ephephile. Ukuvuselelwa kwepaki kungathola ukuthi umphakathi ufuna ingadi yomphakathi kunokuba ufune inkundla ye-basketball, okuthandwayo okuholela ekusetshenzisweni nasekulondolozweni okungcono.
Ukwaneliseka komphakathi kuyakhula lapho izakhamuzi zibona ukufakwa kwazo kuboniswa emiklamweni yokugcina. Lokhu kwaneliseka kuguqulela ekusekeleni kwezombangazwe okusiza ekuhleleni ukuqondisa izinqubo zokugunyaza nokukhipha izinqumo ngokwezimali. Imisebenzi esekelwa kakhulu emphakathini ayivamile ukubhekana nokukhishwa kwezicelo, ukunxusa, noma ezinye izinhlobo zokuphikiswa ezibangela ukubambezeleka nokukhokha imali enciphileni. Ukuhlolwa kwe- Fideral Highway Administration[[ kwathola ukuthi imisebenzi ehlanganisa ukuhileleka komphakathi okunamandla yayiqedwe ngesilinganiso esingamaphesenti angu-20 kuneyabo abathembisene intengi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi kwavela izimpikiswano ezimbalwa phakathi nokuklanywa nokuvunyelwa.
Ukuzinzisa isikhathi eside kuthuthukisa futhi. Izakhiwo ezilondolozwa umphakathi onomuzwa wokuthi ubunikazi nokuziqhenya kuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kudinga izindleko ezimbalwa zomphakathi ukuze kulondolozwe. Amalungu omphakathi ahlanganyela ekuhleleni mancane amathuba okubika izinkinga zisezingeni eliphansi, ukuvolontiya imizamo ehlanzekile, nokusekela ukusekela ukulondolozwa kwemali. Futhi baba abaphathi abangahleliwe, basiza ekulolongeni ukuziphatha kwabanye abasebenzisa isakhiwo. Inkundla eyakhiwe ngokufaka umphakathi cishe ayidalelwa kakhulu ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla kunanoma yinye ebekwe abantu bangaphandle, ngoba umphakathi uyibona njengeyabo.
Izinselele Ekuhlanganyeleni Komphakathi
Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile, ukuhlanganiswa kwemisebenzi yezenguqu nomphakathi kubhekene nezinselele eziphikelelayo ohulumeni bendawo okumelwe bazilungise ngamabomu. Inselele eyisisekelo iwukumela. Izakhamuzi ezibonisa imihlangano yomphakathi zivame ukuba ezindala, abamhlophe, abacebile, futhi abafundile kakhulu kunabantu abavamile. Futhi zithambekele ekubeni nemibono enzima, kokubili eqondile nephambene, kunezakhamuzi ezivamile. Lento, eyaziwa ngokuthi ubandlululo lwemibono [[, isho ukuthi ukungenisa ukwaziswa okuqoqwe ngezindlela ezingokwesiko kunganikeza imibono ethile ehlelekile lapho kungaphansi kwe-lena.
Ukungaqondi nokungaqondi kumele enye inselele ebalulekile. Imisebenzi yokuhlela ihlanganisa imiqondo yobuchwepheshe engaziwa ezakhamuzini eziningi: ukukhipha amanzi angasebenzi, izinga lezimoto, ububanzi obusendleleni elungile, imishini elula. Uma abahleli besebenzisa isikhonkwane ngaphandle kwencazelo efanelekile, izakhamuzi zingaqonda kabi imigomo yokuhlela noma zikholelwe ukuthi izinqumo zisusiwe kakade. Ngokuhlukile, izakhamuzi zingaveza ukukhathazeka ngokuthi amapulani awakho angaziboni, adala ukukhungatheka nhlangothi zombili. Ukuvalela leligebe lokuxhumana kudinga umzamo wezenzo zolimi olucacile, izinsiza ekuchazeni, izinkonzo zokuhumusha, izinkonzo zesineke ezivumela imibuzo yonke.
Izimiso zesikhathi zidala ukucindezela okwengeziwe. Imisebenzi yokuhlela isebenza ngezikhathi ezinqunywa yimijikelezo yokuxhasa imali, izinkathi zokwakha, nemisebenzi emisiwe yezombangazwe. Ukuthembisa okunenjongo kuthatha isikhathi: isikhathi sokuklama imisebenzi yesithembiso, isikhathi sokuqamba abathatha izivumelwano, isikhathi sokuhlola izinto ezizosetshenziswa, isikhathi sokufaka izinto ezitholakele emishinini. Uma ama-refraclage ecindezelwa, ukuthembisana ngokuvamile kuba yinqubo yokuhlola ibhokisi kunokulawula izingxoxo eziqotho. Izakhamuzi zizwa lokhu futhi zisabela ngokugxeka, ukuncishwa ngokwengeziwe. Ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe bamelane nesilingo sokufaka isithembiso sokwenza isithembiso futhi kumelwe balwe nesikhathi esingokoqobo esivumela ukuba abantu bahlanganyele ekuhlanganyeleni komphakathi.
Izinqubo Zokuhlanganyela Okuphumelelayo Emphakathini
Ukunqoba lezinselele kudinga amasu enhloso okuvuma ukunkimbinkimbizela kokuthembisana komphakathi nokutshala inzuzo yokuhlanganyela ngokwako. Okokuqala, ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe banike imithombo eyanele yemisebenzi yokuthembisana. Ngokuvamile, izimali zokubopha ziphakathi kwezinto zokuqala ezinqanyulwayo lapho imisebenzi ibhekene nokucindezela kwezezimali. Lokhu kubheka imali ngesikhashana esifushane kodwa kudala izindleko kamuva ngokulibala, izingxabano, nemiklamo ehlulekayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomphakathi. Ukutshala izimali zezentengiselwano ezingosini eziphambili, izinkonzo zokuhumusha, ukunakekelwa kwabantwana, ukudla, nezindawo ezifanelekelweyo kukhokhelwa izikhathi eziningi ngokuhambisa iprojekthi ethambileyo.
Okwesibili, ukuthembisana kumelwe kuqale kusheshe futhi kuqhubeke kuwo wonke umsebenzi webhayisekili. Ukufinyela ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuvumela ukufakwa komphakathi ukuba kulolonge indlela eyinhloko yomsebenzi kunokumane uthathe isinyathelo ngokunqunyelwa kusengaphambili. Uma izakhamuzi zimenywa ukuba zisize ekuchazeni izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba kuhlongozwe, zithuthukisa ukuba nenqubo yangempela. Ukuthembisana kuvumela ukulungisa izifundo njengoba imiklamo ishintsha, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa akuqoqwa kanye futhi akunakwa. Ukwaziswa okuvamile okubonisa ukuthi incazelo yasetshenziswa kanjani kwakha ukwethemba futhi kubonisa ukuthi izihloko ezihilelekile, kukhuthaza ukuhileleka okuqhubekayo.
Okwesithathu, ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe basebenzise iziteshi eziningi zokuxhumana ukuze bafinyelele izibukeli ezihlukahlukene. Ukuthembela endleleni eyodwa, ngisho neyokuhlelwa kahle, kuyophuthelwa izingxenye eziphawulekayo zomphakathi. Icebo elibanzi lokubopha lingahlanganisa: amaposindi ethunyelwa kuyo yonke imikhaya esemkhakheni weprojekthi, izimemezelo zezokuxhumana ezihloselwe ukuxhumana kwezesayensi yezwe nezenani labantu, ukungenela ngezinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini, ukulunguza ezindaweni ezisemnyango ezinokungena okuphansi, imiyalezo yokwaziswa ixwayiso kubantu abahlala kuzo, nemithombo yezindaba engokwesiko ngamaphephandaba nemishini.
Okwesine, ukunikeza izisusa zokuhlanganyela kungandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuthembisana, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamaqembu akhona ngokomlando angenasikhathi. Ukunakekela abantwana kuvumela abazali abanabantwana ukuba baye emihlanganweni yakusihlwa. Ukudla kwenza imihlangano yamukeleke kakhulu futhi kungaba ukukhanga okuphawulekayo kwezakhamuzi ezithola imali ephansi. Amakhadi ezipho, izinyathelo zokuhamba, nokungena emiklomelweni emisha kuvuma ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kudinga isikhathi nomzamo. Lezizisusa kufanele zibe ziqine ngokwanele ukuba zibe khona kodwa zibe nesizo ngokwanele ukuba zigweme ukuveza umbono wokuthi isilinganiso siyathengwa. Umgomo uwukususa imingcele, hhayi ukudala entsha.
Okokugcina, ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe bavale indlela yokuthola impendulo ngokubonisa izakhamuzi indlela okufakwa ngayo. Akukho okululaza ukwethembana ngokushesha kunombono wokuthi ukuhlanganyela kufeza impumelelo kunokuba kube nengqondo. Ngemva kwesigaba ngasinye sokuthembisana, amaqembu abenzi bemisebenzi kufanele anyathelise ukufingqwa kwalokho akuzwile, indlela okuthonya ngayo izinqumo, nokuthi kungani ukusikisela okuthile kungamukeleki. Lokhu kuveza ukuthembeka futhi kukhuthaza ukuqhubeka nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yesikhathi esizayo. Kubangela nokuba izakhamuzi zibone ukuthi ukufakwa kwazo kucatshangelwa ngempela yini.
Ukuhlola Izenzakalo Ezihilela Ukuhileleka Okuphumelelayo Komphakathi
Ukuhlola imisebenzi lapho ukusekela komphakathi kwaholela khona ekutholeni imiphumela engcono kunikeza ubufakazi obuqinile bokubaluleka kokuthembisana futhi kunikeza izifundo ezingase zisetshenziswe kwenye indawo. Lokhu kuhlola kubonisa izimiso ezichazwe ngenhla ezimweni ezingokoqobo zezwe.
Ukuvuselelwa Kwepaki Lomphakathi
Edolobheni elincane lase-Midstern, ipaki lomphakathi elinganakiwe lase linciphile futhi laqashelwe ukukhathalela ukuphepha. Umkhandlu wedolobha wabela izimali zokuvuselela kodwa waqaphela ukuthi imisebenzi yangaphambili ayiphumelelanga ngoba ayibonisanga izintando zomphakathi. Kunokuba iqashe imboni yomklamo ukuze iklame amapulani, idolobha laqala inqubo yokuthembisana yezinyanga eziyisithupha eyayihlanganisa ukuhlola okwasakazwa ezikoleni nasezindaweni zomphakathi, amaqembu aqondiswe abazali nabeve eshumini elinambili, ishabhu lomphakathi lapho izakhamuzi zazisebenzisa khona i-dot-vovotions, kanye nethuluzi le-meaweb lapho izakhamuzi zingafaka khona iziphatho ezisikisela ukuba kwenziwe izinto ezithile.
Inqubo yokuthembisana yaveza okumangalisayo: Lokhu kuhlola kwabonisa ukuthi ukuhamba ngezindlela kanye nengadi yomphakathi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, hhayi inkantolo yebhola lomnqakiswano nenkundla yemidlalo abacabanga ukuthi ithandwa kakhulu. Amaqembu ezokushaya amehlo nezakhamuzi zentsha athola isifiso esinamandla sokuhlangana kwendawo evikelekile enezindawo zokukhipha ugesi zokushaya umakhalekhukhwini nemishini ehambayo, ebonisa iqiniso lokuthi intsha eningi yayingenakho ukungena nge - Internet ekhaya futhi isebenzisa ipaki njengendlela yokusebenza ngokwethukela. Ithuluzi le - Internet le-mea labonisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zazifuna ukuba zixhumane nezikole eziseduze nephasishini, hhayi nje ukuzungeza ipaki ngokwalo.
Umklamo wokugcina wahlanganisa zonke lezi zici. Ingadi yomphakathi yaba isikhungo esiphambili, eyayiphethwe yikomiti yokuzithandela eyavela enqubweni yokuthembisana. Izindawo ezivikelekile ezinamaza kagesi zabonakala zithandwa kakhulu yintsha futhi futhi zakhanga nabantu abadala ababezisebenzisa emsebenzini oqhelile. Izindlela zokuhamba ngezinyawo zanda epaki, zathuthukisa ukuphepha ngokuhlola kwemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-paki ngokuphindwe kabili ngonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokwakha. Ikomiti yezisebenzi zokuzithandela yaqhubeka ihlangana, ithatha umthwalo wemfanelo wokunakekela insimu nokuhlela izenzakalo zomphakathi ezaqinisa ngokwengeziwe indima yepaki njengesikhungo somphakathi.
Umsebenzi Wokuthuthukisa Umgwaqo
Idolobha eliphakathi lihlela ukuvuselela umgwaqo omkhulu we-arterial owawusebenza njengomzila ohambayo wodwa nomgwaqo omkhulu oseduze. Umklamo okhona wahlela imoto efakwe ngaphakathi, enemizila emine yokuhamba, ingenazinqola zamabhayisekili, nemizila emincane. Idolobha laqaphela ukuthi ukwakhiwa kabusha kwale ndawo kwanikeza ithuba lokuthola ezinye izindlela kodwa kwakwesaba ukuphikiswa abahambi abanokwazisa ngesivinini namandla. Kunokuba basungule inqubo yesivumelwano ebanzi, idolobha lasungula inqubo yokuhlanganisa amaqembu aqondiswe kuyo yomizulane nezakhamuzi ezihlala eduze, ukuhlola ngolayini, kanye nochungechunge lwezindawo zokulungisa amabhizinisi ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okulungisa izitholo.
Inqubo yokuthembisana yembula umfanekiso ocaciswe kakhulu kunalelo dolobha elalilindele. Abaholi babengamelene nezinguquko ezifanayo. Abaningi babonisa ukuzimisela ukuzidela ngesivinini esithile ukuze bashintshe intuthuko, ikakhulukazi eziphambanweni lapho babebone khona izinqola zabantu abahamba ngezinyawo nabagibeli bamabhayisikili. Izakhamuzi zendawo zazibeka ukuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo kuqala ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye, ziphawula ukuwela okuyingozi nobunzima bokuhamba uhamba uhamba esikoleni esiseduze. Abanikazi basephasishi babekhathazekile ngokuphazamiseka kokwakha kodwa futhi babona ukuthi umgwaqo ungaba nokwenyuka kwezinyawo uma umgwaqo uhamba kakhulu.
Umklamo owavela kule ngxenye kwakuwukudla okunciphisa iphasishi ukusuka emizileni emine yokuhamba kuya kwemithala emithathu: umzila owodwa osuka phakathi nomzila ojikayo. Indawo efakiweyo yasetshenziselwa imizila evikelekile yebhayisekili nezindlela ezibanzi. Izindawo zashintshwa ngokulandelana nezindawo zokuwela imide emifushane neziqhingi zabahamba ngezinyawo. Isikole sathola izibani ezibonisa ukuduma kwemisebe yemoto nendlela ephahlweyo. Ukwakha kwabekwa ukunciphisa ukuphazamisa amabhizinisi, ngokunika isaziso nezindlela zokungena phambili. Isakhiwo sathola ukusekela komphakathi omkhulu, kuhlanganise nabahambi abaningi ababengabazani. Imininingwane yezimoto yabonisa ukwanda kancane ngezikhathi zokuhamba, kuyilapho ukuhamba ngezinyawo nokusebenza kwezimoto kwanda kakhulu.
Ukuhlelwa kokuthuthukiswa okudluliselwe
Isifunda esikhulu sedolobha sasihlela ukuvuselela indawo esiteshini esikhulu sokuthutha, sinomgomo wokwakha indawo exubene nezokuthutha engandisa umkhumbi wokuthutha futhi inikeze izindlu ezibizayo. Ukuhlelwa kwahlanganisa imishini yezakhamuzi eyayihlanganisa abameleli abavela ezindaweni ezizungezile, ukuthutha amaqembu abathengisi abazazisayo, abakhi bezindlu abakwaziyo, namabhizinisi endawo. Le komiti yahlangana nyanga zonke phakathi neminyaka emibili, ihlola imiklamo, ihlola imininingwane, futhi inikeza ukukhiqizwa kwenqubo yokuhlela.
I-advisory komiti yakudala yahlela izinqumo eziningana eziyinhloko. Imiklamo yangaphambili eyayibizwa ngokuyinhloko ngezindlu zezentengiselwano, kodwa amalungu ekomiti ayeqhubezela ukufakwa kwezindlu ezithengwayo, aphawula izinto ezithathekayo endaweni ezungezile. Icebo lokugcina lalihlanganisa amaphesenti angu-30 emali engabizi, nezindawo ezidonswayo ezingaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-60 emali ehholo lezindawo zokuxhumana. Ikomiti yasekela futhi indawo yezindawo zokuthengisa igcinelwe amabhizinisi endawo kunokuba igcine amaketanga, ngaphansi kwentengiselwano yemali evumela abathengisi abancane ukuba bazimise ngokwabo. Isiteshi samashi sabekwa kabusha ngokusekelwe ebhokisini yezindawo ezisemthethweni yezindawo zokudayisa amazansi, izakhiwo zemithunzi, nendawo yokuthengisa amapulazi.
Intuthuko yaphuka ngokusekela komphakathi okunamandla futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yaba yisibonelelo sentuthuko yezokuthutha esifundeni. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo esiteshini kwanda ngamaphesenti angu-40 phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuvuleka. Ingxenye yezindlu ezibizayo yaqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezikhona zingazuza entuthukweni entsha kunokususwa yiyo. Amabhizinisi endawo ayehlala ezindaweni ezihlala inhlabathi ephansi adala izimpawu ezihlukile ezakhanga izivakashi ezivela kulo lonke idolobha. Ikomiti yezokuhlala yaqala ukuphendukela ebudlelwaneni obuhlala njalo obuqhubeka nokusekela izithakazelo zomphakathi njengoba intuthuko ikhula.
Ukulinganisa Umphumela Wokuthola Imithombo Yomphakathi
Nakuba izinzuzo zokubophana emphakathini ziqashelwa kabanzi, ukulinganisa ithonya lazo eliqondile emiphumeleni yezesisekelo kuseyinselele. Ukuvumelana phakathi kwempumelelo yesithembiso nemisebenzi kusobala, kodwa kunzima ukumisa. Ingabe ukufakwa komphakathi ngempela kwawuthuthukisa umklamo, noma ingabe umklamo waphumelela ngenxa yezinye izizathu? Ingabe izakhamuzi ezazihlanganyela ekumeleni umphakathi omkhulu, noma zamane zachaza lokho ezikuthanda okuvumelana nalokho abahleli ababengakwenza?
Ohulumeni bendawo bangasingatha lemibuzo ngokwakha isilinganiso ezinqubweni zabo zokuthembisana kusukela ekuqaleni. Ukuhlola kwangaphambi kokufica kusungula izintando eziyisisekelo nezinkathazo. Ukuhlola kweposi kuhlola ukuthi abathatha i-post-yance banomuzwa wokuthi umbiko wabo wezwiwa futhi usetshenziswa. Ukuqhathaniswa kokwaziswa kokubopha nezinqumo zokugcina kwembula izinga lokuhleleka phakathi kokufakwa komphakathi nemiphumela engokoqobo. Ukulandelela umsebenzi, njengamazinga okusebenzisa, izindleko zokulondoloza, nokwaneliseka komsebenzisi, kunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi isithembiso siholele emiphumelweni emide.
Kufanele kuhlolwe futhi ukumelela. Izibalo zamalungu ahlanganyelayo kufanele ziqhathaniswe nabantu abathintekile ukuze kubonwe izikhala. Uma amaqembu athile ekhona, amasu okuthembisana angalungiswa ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nqubo yokufunda eqhubekayo yakha amandla okuhlanganisa, yenza umsebenzi ngamunye olandelanayo uphumelele kakhulu kunalowo wokugcina. Ohulumeni bendawo abafaka izimali ekuhloleni ngokuhlelekile baveza indikimba ekhulayo yobufakazi ngokuphathelene nezinto ezisebenza emongweni wabo, ibavumele ukuba ithuthukise ukusondela kwabo ngokuqhubekayo.
Isiphetho
Ukungenisa umphakathi akuwona imfuneko engcono yokunezela ekuhlelweni kwezesisekelo; kuyimfuneko eyisisekelo yemisebenzi efeza izinjongo zayo ngokuphumelelayo futhi ethola ukwethenjwa abantu abazisebenzisayo. Ubufakazi bucacile: imisebenzi ehlanganisa ukubopha umphakathi okunenjongo kuveza imiklamo engcono, ukuvunyelwa okusheshayo, izindleko eziphansi, nokwaneliseka okukhulu. Izinselele zokuhlanganyela, ukuxhumana okungahambi kahle, kanye nesikhathi zikhona kodwa zincishiswa phambili ngenhloso yokutshala izakhiwo zesivumelwano, izindlela ezihlukahlukene, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nokuthatha isinyathelo, kanye nokwaneliseka okungakhanyiseki.
Njengoba izakhiwo zidinga izakhiwo eziyisisekelo ziyanda, isidingo sokuthembisana okuphumelelayo emphakathini siyokhula. Ohulumeni bendawo abathuthukisa amakhono aqinile bayobekwa kangcono ekunikezeni imisebenzi ehlangabezana nezidingo zomphakathi, yokwakha ukusekela kwezombangazwe, futhi ime iqinile ekuhlolweni kwesikhathi. Izakhamuzi ezihlanganyela ekulolongeni indawo yazo ezakhekileyo ziba yizisebenzi ezisebenza ndawonye, ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukutshala izimali kunikeza izizukulwane inani elihlala njalo. Umkhuba wokusebenza kwezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemvelo umelela ukubusa ngentando yeningi ngendlela yayo esobala, lapho izinqumo ezenziwa namuhla zakha khona isisekelo esingokoqobo semiphakathi kusasa.