Imvelaphi Yezinhloli Nokulinganisela: Isisekelo Esingokwefilosofi

Isimiso sokuhlola nokulinganisela asizange sivele singenalutho. Izimpande zayo zengqondo zingene zijule kakhulu kuyifilosofi yezombangazwe yokukhanyiselwa, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi kaBaron de Montesquieu. Kumsebenzi wakhe we-1748 Umoya woMthetho [[, uMntesquieu waphikisa ukuthi ukuvimbela ubushiqela, amandla kahulumeni kumelwe ahlukaniswe phakathi kwamagatsha ahlukene. Wabhala ngodumo ukuthi "igunya kufanele libe yi-ehlolo lokubusa." Lomqondo wathonya ngokuqondile abalawuli boMthetho womthetho we-United States, ababefuna ukwakha uhulumeni onamandla ngokwanele ukubusa ngokuphumelelayo kodwa ophoqelelwe ngokwaneleyo ukuvikela inkululeko.

Abasunguli babezibonele mathupha izingozi zegunya elimisiwe ngaphansi kokubusa kwaseBrithani. Babesaba kokubili ubushiqela nobudlova bombusi oyedwa. UJames Madison, ku-Fedralist No. 51, baveza inselele eyisisekelo: "Kumelwe kuqala uhulumeni uvumele ukulawula ababuswayo; futhi endaweni elandelayo ubophe ukubulawula bona ngokwabo." Ikhambi laliyisimiso esihlukene sokuhlanganyela amandla, ngalinye lihlonyiswe ngezindlela zokumelana nokungenela kwabanye.

Loluhlelo lwaluyinguquko ngoba lwenqaba isibonelo esingokwesiko sombusi onegunya elingalawuliwe. Kunalokho, lwafaka izingxabano kanye nokuxoxisana entweni elawulwayo, lwenza kube nzima nganoma yisiphi isigaba ukuba silawule. Ukuhlolwa nokulinganiswa kwezimiso akuyona nje indlela yokushaya imithetho; luyicebo elihloselwe ngamabomu lokusakaza amandla ukuvikela amalungelo omuntu ngamunye kunoma ubani odukiswe.

Indlela Okusetshenziswa Ngayo Ukuhlola Nokulinganisela Ekwenzeni

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ama - eschement nokulinganisela kuvimbela kanjani ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla, kubalulekile ukuhlola izinqubo ezithile ezenza igatsha ngalinye likwazi ukunqanda elinye.

Umthetho Uhlola Isikhulu

I-U.S. Congress, njengegatsha lomthetho, inamathuluzi amaningana anamandla okuqondisa nokunciphisa igatsha eliphethe. Ilunga elivelele kakhulu. Indlu yabameleli ingaletha amacala kumongameli ohleziyo, umongameli ongumongameli, noma ezinye izikhulu zomphakathi "okwenza, ukufumbathisa, noma okunye ubugebengu obuphakeme kanye nabasebenzi abangafaneleki" Uma i House ingalithatha icala futhi ingasusa isikhulu ngevoti emibili yamahhovisi. Lamandla aye asetshenziswa ngokumelene nomongameli uAndrew Johnson, uBill Clinton, noDonald (Trump), ukubonisa ukuthi ihhovisi alikho ihhovisi.

Ngaphezu kokuphoqelela, uKhongolo-mthetho ulawula uhlelo lwemali olungokomthetho nge- amandla esikhwama . Akukho nxusa eliphetheyo elingasebenzisa imali ngaphandle kokushaya ingqungquthela. Lokhu kunikeza iKhomishane ukuba isebenzise izintambo ezinkulu eziphambili zesimiso nezenzo zezikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSigele kumelwe siqinisekise ukumiswa komongameli, kuhlanganise nonobhala bamakhathekthali, amajaji ombuso, namanxusa. Le nqubo yokuqinisekisa ivumela abasekeli ukuba bahlole futhi balahle labo ababhekwa njengabangafanelekile noma abangafaneleki. Ingqungquthela ingavala futhi umongameli wesimende ngenani elikhulu eliyisithathu emagumbini omabili, iqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa akanakuvimbela umthetho ngokusekela okuvamile.

Ukuqondisa Isimiso Sezomthetho Kuhlola Imithetho

Igatsha eliphethe igatsha akusona isisulu sokulawula imithetho. Umongameli anganikeza umongameli isihlalo etafuleni lemithetho. Umongameli futhi unegunya lokuqoqa iziyalezo zesikhulu sikahulumeni ukuze amise. Lokhu kuvimbela uKhongolo ukuba adlulise imithetho noma athathe imithetho engekho kahle futhi anikeze umongameli isihlalo etafuleni lemithetho. Umongameli futhi unegunya lokuqondisa iziyalezo zesikhulu eziqondisa imisebenzi kahulumeni. Nakuba lemiyalo ingenzeki ukuba kuqaliswe imithetho emisha, angabuyisela indlela imithetho ekhona, ikakhulukazi lapho kubekwa i-Procession.

Umongameli angabiza futhi uMkhandlu ube yisimiso esikhethekile lapho kuphakama izindaba eziphuthumayo, nakuba lamandla engavamile ukusetshenziswa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umongameli usebenza njenge- umyaleli-inhloko [[ yamabutho ahlolile, kodwa kuphela uMkhandlu ongamemezela impi. Lobu bunzima phakathi kwegunya lezempi nempi ye-propatistism buyisihluthulelo esiye sahlolwa kaningi, kusukela eMpini yase Korea kuya ezimpini zamuva eMpuma Ephakathi.

Ukwahlulela Kuhlola Amanye Amagatsha

Ijaji, ikakhulukazi iNkantolo Ephakeme, isebenza njengomtolili wokugcina woMthetho-sisekelo. Ngamandla okuhlaziya , emiswe ku-Marbury v. Madison [1803]), izinkantolo zingashaya imithetho edluliswa yiSishaya-Mkhandlu nezenzo ezithathwa umphathi uma ziphula umthetho.

Amajaji angokombuso amiswe ukuba aphile, awavikele ekucindezeleni kwezombangazwe. Lokhu kuzimela kuvumela ukuba benze imithetho engathandeki uma kudingeka ukuze kuvikelwe amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo. Nokho, ijaji alinqatshelwanga ngokwalo: IziKhomishane zingashintsha inani lamajaji (nakuba lokhu akuvamile ukwenziwa), zihlongoza izinqumo zomthetho ukuze zigumbuqele izinqumo zokwahlulela, futhi zikhiphe amajaji azimele ngenxa yokuziphatha okubi. Isikhulu siphoqelela imithetho yokwahlulela, sinikeze izinkantolo amandla asebenzayo kuphela uma amanye amagatsha ebambisana.

Ukuhlola Icala Okungokomlando: Ukuhlola Nokulinganisela Kuyasebenza

Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwangempela kwezwe kuveza indlela lezi zinqubo ezisebenza ngayo ngaphansi kokucindezela. Indaba ngayinye ibonisa isici esihlukile sokuzimela kwesimiso noma ukuchayeka.

Amanzi Angenamsoco Namandla Okuzikhohlisa

Ihlazo lama-Watergate o-1970 liyisibonelo sencwadi yezifundo zokuhlola nokulinganisela okusebenza ngokuphumelelayo. UMongameli uRichard Nixon kanye nomphathi wakhe ababehileleke ekuxhashazweni okulandelana, kuhlanganise nokuphulwa endlunkulu yeDemocratic Committee nesembozo se-ast. Sate Watergate Committee[[FL:1], ukuphathwa kwemithetho, wasekela ukuzwa okucushiwe kwezembule okwaveza izinga lokuziphatha okubi. IKomiti yeDiciawer ibivumela ukuving'ithwa kwemithetho evimbela ukuvinjwa ngobulungisa, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla, nokudelelwa kwemithetho.

Lapho iNkantolo Ephakeme ikhipha uNixon ngokuvumelana ukuba akhiphe amakhasethi aqoshiwe ezingxoxo zeWhite House (ku- United States v. Nixon), ijaji elihlolayo liveza ilungelo lesikhulu. Ukubhekana nokujezisa okuthile ngendlu nokuqiniseka ngokunokwenzeka eNdlungwini, uNixon wasula. Lesi senzakalo sabonisa ukuthi akukho mongameli owenqabayo ukuba avikeleke lapho i-crogen kanye namagatsha efeza izibophothi. Iphephandaba ladlala nendima ebalulekile, nezintatheli ezinjengo Bob Wooward noCarl Bernstein bembula amaqiniso aqhube ukuphelwa kophenyo.

INkantolo Ephakeme Nomfutho Ophakeme: I - Youngstown Comment & ITube Co v. Sawyer

Phakathi neMpi yaseKorea, uMongameli uHarry Truman wathatha ukulawula izigayo zensimbi zesizwe ukuze avimbele ukugadla okungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwempi. Waphikisa ngokuthi izenzo zakhe zazithethelelwa "izikhulu ze-presidenti" emagunyeni kamongameli ezweni eliphuthumayo. INkantolo Ephakeme ayivumanga. Entsha i-Jourth & Lamp; Tube Co. v. Sawyer [1952], iNkantolo yanquma ukuthi uTruman wayedlulele igunya lakhe lomthetho-sisekelo ngenxa yokuthi uHugo Slardner wayengagunyaziswe ukuthathelwa. Umongameli uHugo Blayce wabhala ukuthi amandla kumelwe aphume esivumeni somthetho weSishayantenterhwebo noma kumthetho ngokwawo.

Lelicala lagcizelela isimiso sokuthi amandla abusayo alinganiselwe, ngisho nasezikhathini zenhlekelele. Ijaji lahlola umongameli odumile ngesikhathi sempi, ligomela ngokuthi uMthetho-sisekelo (h_awuwuqedisi umongameli). Isinqumo sagcizelela futhi ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kwemibuso: igatsha lemithetho lalilungiselele ezinye izinqubo ezihlukile ezimpikiswaneni zezisebenzi, futhi umongameli wayengeke azidlulise.

Iqembu Elilawulayo Elilawulayo Nokukhula Kwesenzo Sokuqondisa

Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ukuhlanganisa izifundazwe zomphakathi ngezinye izikhathi kuye kwaphazamisa ikhono legatsha lokuhlola umphathi we-avigition ngezindlela ezingokwesiko. Lapho uMkhandlu uhluleka ukudlulisa umthetho omkhulu, amongameli ngokuvamile baphendukela eziqondisweni zezikhulu nasekumisweni kokuphatha ukuze bathuthukise izinqumo zabo. Lokhu kuye kwaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngo-"umongameli" odlula ukufakwa kwe-constivation.

Ngokwesibonelo, uMongameli u-Obama wasebenzisa iziyalezo zokuqondisa ukuze asebenzise izingxenye ze-Affordble Care Act futhi adale i-Defered Action for Childhown Agewals (DACA) uhlelo ngemva kwe-Congress ehlulekile ukwenza ngokuvumelana nenguquko yokufuduka. UMongameli uTrump wasebenzisa iziyalezo zokuqondisa ukuze anciphise imithetho yendawo ezungezile futhi avimbele ukuhamba. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi izenzo ezinjalo zithatha isigaba sokulawula, kuyilapho abavikeli bephikisa ukuthi zidingekile lapho i-Congressborrence ingasebenzi. Igatsha lokwahlulela ngezinye izikhathi liye langenela ukuvimbela noma ukulinganisela lemithetho, kukhumbuza amongameli ukuthi imingcele engokomthetho.

Amasheke Nokulinganisela Ngaphandle Kukahulumeni Wesizwe

Isimiso sokuhlola nokulinganisela sidlulela ngalé kwamagatsha amathathu kahulumeni ohulumeni. E-United States, uhulumeni ngokwawo uyikhombisa amandla aphakathi. Ohulumeni boMbuso banomthetho-sisekelo wabo siqu, imithetho, nezinkantolo, futhi bangamelana nokuphamba kukahulumeni ngokuqashelwa nangokuhlelwa kwezombangazwe. ISichibiyelo seshumi leSichibiyelo sigcinele imibuso engaphathiswanga uhulumeni wombuso, idala ukuhlukaniswa okusuka phezulu kwemibuso.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi wamaphephandaba okhululekile njengokuhlolwa okungahleliwe kuwo wonke amagatsha. I-Revenucationism idalula ukonakala, ukungafezeki, nokusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla. Ikhambi le-Pentagon Papers ([ iNew York Times Co. v. United States[]) iqinisekisa ilungelo lamaphephandaba lokunyathelisa izincwadi ezicaciswayo eziveza ukungalungi komthetho, ngisho nangaphezu kokuphikisa kwegatsha eliphethe. Izinhlangano zomphakathi, amaqembu ezokuphatha izikhundla, kanye nezinhlangano zemfundo zihlola izenzo zikahulumeni kanye nombono womphakathi ukuba zifune ukulandisa.

Izinselele Zanamuhla Zokuhlola Nokulinganisela

Nakuba lesi simiso siye sahlala isikhathi eside ngokuphawulekayo, sibhekene nezinselele ezingathi sína ekhulwini lama - 21.

Ukwanda Kwegatsha Okuphethe Nombuso Ophethe

Kulelikhulu leminyaka elidlule, uhulumeni wezwe uye wakhula kakhulu ngobukhulu nangobunkimbinkimbi. Izinhlangano eziphethe njenge-Evironmental Protection Agency, i-Department of Homeland Security, kanye ne-Secreties and Exchange Commission zisebenzisa ukubusa nokuqinisa imithetho okuphawulekayo. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi lesi "Sizwe sokuphatha" sifiphaza imigqa phakathi kwemithetho, imisebenzi yezikhulu, neyahlulele, njengoba izinhlangano zidala futhi ziphoqelela iziqondiso zenhlangano ngokulawula okulinganiselwe.

INkantolo Ephakeme ngezikhathi ezithile inegunya lomthetho eligunyaziwe futhi. Kuyi-Immigration and Naturation Service v. Chadha [1983], iNkantolo yabulala i-wignol trains, i-Accounting Congress esetshenziselwa ukugumbuqela izenzo zezinhlangano ngaphandle kokushaya umthetho omusha. Muva nje, iNkanto eNkantolo iye yasebenzisa imfundiso "yezobuzwana" ukufuna ukugunyaza okucacile ngaphambi kokuba izinhlangano zithathe izivumelwano ezinkulu zezezomnotho nezombangazwe. Lezi ziqinisa umqondo wokuthi izinqumo ezibalulekile zingezingabe zisebenza kubenzi bomthetho abakhethiwe, hhayi abakhethiwe.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwezithombe Nokuhlanganiswa Kwazo

Lapho izigodi zemithetho zidonswa ukuze zithande iqembu elilodwa, ukucindezela kokuncintisana okusiza ukuba izikhulu ezikhethiwe ziboshelwe icala kuyancipha. Ukuzitika okugabadezayo kungabangela ukusabela kweSishaya-mthetho kunyuswe kakhulu. INkantolo Ephakeme iye yanquma ukuthi izinkantolo zikahulumeni azinakuzwa izinkulumo ezithi zigebherymaning (ku RUCO v. IMPAWULO Evamile[FLT:]], 2019), ishiyela udaba enkantolo yezwe nezinqubo zezombangazwe. Amanye amazwe amise izimemezelo ezizimele zokuzimela ukulwa kwe-auniasethi ye-aunionctive gerrydering (ku- Right Cancerty [FLT]], 2019], ishiyela impikiswano enkantolo ye-octiventina.

Ukwahlulela Okucacile Nezimpi Eziqinisekisayo

Ukubekwa kwegatsha lokwahlulela kuxhomeke ekuthembekeni komphakathi ukuthi amajaji asebenzisa umthetho ngokungathathi hlangothi. Kodwa njengoba ukunqanyulwa kweNkantolo ePhakeme kuye kwaba izimpi ezihlukanisayo ngokwandayo, imibono yeNkantolo njengoba inhlangano yezombangazwe isikhula. Ukulwa noMahluleli uBrett Kavataugh nokumiswa okusheshayo kukaMahluleli uAmy Coney Barrett ngaphambi nje kokuba kukhethwe ngo-2020 kwandisa ukuhlukana okungathathiwe yizinhlangothi. Uma iNkantolo ibhekwa njengesenezelele amaqembu ezombangazwe, izahlulelo zayo ziyamukeleka kakhulu emigqele yamaqembu, kulula ikhono layo lokuhlola amanye amagatsha ngempumelelo.

Ukusongelwa Kokukhethwa Nokudluliselwa Kwamandla Ngokuthula

Amasheke namasilinganiso kuxhomeke okhethweni olukhululekile nolulungile, oluvumela abavoti ukuba basuse izikhulu ezisebenzisa kabi amandla. Imizamo yokuvimbela ukuvota, ukusakaza ulwazi, noma ukugumbuqela imiphumela yokukhetha ifikela ekuthatheni isibopho sokuvuna ngentando yeningi. Ukuhlasela kwe-U.S. uCapitol kwamelela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kokudluliswa okunokuthula kwamandla emlandweni wanamuhla waseMelika. Umphumela wabonisa kokubili ukuqina kwalesimiso (Confernferent wabuye wahlanganisa ukuqinisekisa imiphumela yokukhetha) kanye nokuhlasela kwaso (imizamo eqhubekayo yokululaza ukuthembela kokhetho).

Ukuqinisa ukulondeka kokhetho, ukusekela izimali ezanele ekuqondiseni ukhetho, nokuvikela ekuphazanyisweni kwamanye amazwe konke kubalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuhlola kokukhetha amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo ezifana ne-Electoral Count Reform Act ka-2022 zomgomo wokucacisa indima yomongameli ekuqinisekiseni ukhetho futhi kuvimbele imizamo yesikhathi esizayo yokusebenzisa kabi i-operation.

Indima Yokuhlanganyela Komphakathi Ekulondolozeni Amasheke Nokulinganisela

Akukho simiso sokuhlola nokulinganisela okungasebenza ngaphandle kolwazi oluqinile nolusebenzayo. UMthetho-sisekelo wenza uhlelo, kodwa yizakhamuzi okumelwe zilusebenzise. Ukuqaphela komphakathi ukuthi uhulumeni usebenza kanjani, futhi ungasetshenziswa kanjani kabi amandla, okungahlungwa ngawo.

Ukuvota[ kuyindlela eqondile kakhulu izakhamuzi ezihlola ngayo amandla kahulumeni. Ngokukhetha abameleli abasekela imithetho engokomthetho-mthetho, nangokuvota labo abangawasebenzisi, umphakathi ucindezela ngokuqhubekayo kuwo wonke amagatsha. [[[FLT:]] Izisebenzi ezikhethiwe ziwumsebenzi wesizwe [[[FLT:] owenzelwa igatsha elinecala futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zinendima ezivumelwaneni, futhi zihlanganyela ekulaleleni izigebelweni zemithetho esemthethweni.

I-media nokubhala ibaluleke kakhulu enkathini yokungaqondi kahle. Izakhamuzi kumelwe zikwazi ukuhlukanisa imithombo yezindaba enokwethenjelwa kuyinkulumo - ze, ngoba umphakathi osukwazi kahle ukulungele kangcono ukubona ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla. Ukusekela umagazini ozimele − ngokuzikhokhela, ngeminikelo, noma ngokumane nje ufunde izikhangiso ezihlukahlukene ``strengthen' ikhono lezindaba lokusebenza njengenja.

Izinhlangano ze-pic[[FLT Voters, 1] njengeNhlangano yabesifazane, i-American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), ne-Bipartisan Policy Center zifundisa umphakathi nolwelwelweli lokubusa okuhle. Izinhlangano ze-Grasroots zingafuna ukulandisa kuwo wonke amazinga, kusukela emabhodini ezikole endawo kuya eWhite House. Uma izakhamuzi zihlela, zikhulisa amazwi azo futhi zenza kube nzima ukuba izikhulu zingazinaki.

Imibono Eqhathaniswayo: Amagophe Nokulinganisela Emhlabeni Wonke

I-United States akulona izwe kuphela elisebenzisa imishini nokulinganisela. Idemokrasi eningi iye yavumelanisa isimiso namasiko ayo siqu omthetho-sisekelo. umqulu woMbuso , isimiso sisekelwe ebukhosini bamaphalamende, kodwa iNdlu yamaLord nejaji elizimeleyo inikeza ukuhlolwa okuthile kuhulumeni. INkantolo Ephakeme, emiswe ngo-2009, ingashaya imithetho ephula amalungelo abantu noma imithetho engokomthetho. Nokho, akukho ukwehlukana okungokomthetho phakathi kwamagatsha aphethe nemithetho engokomthetho, njengoba undunankulu nomphathi wenkantolo yezomthetho eyizigebethi yePhalamende.

Ulimi lwaseJalimane [ lunesakhiwo esiqinile sikahulumeni ngeNkantolo yoMthetho-sisekelo engaqeda imithetho edluliswa yiBundestag. , emelela izifunda, kumelwe ivumele umthetho othinta izithakazelo zikahulumeni. Isimiso saseJalimane futhi sihlanganisa ivoti eyakhayo yokungathembi, evimbela uhulumeni ukuba uwiswe ngaphandle kokuba uhulumeni omusha olungele ukuthatha indawo, kanjalo unikeze ukuqina.

Fransa inesimiso esinezindawo ezingefani lapho umongameli ahlanganyela khona amandla egunya nondunankulu. UMkhandlu woMthetho-sisekelo uhlola imithetho yobukhomfa bomthetho-sisekelo ngaphambi kokuba ikhishwe. Nokho, abagxeki baphawula ukuthi umongameli waseFrance unamandla amakhulu aphuthumayo angadlula iziphetho ezivamile.

Indiya[, idemokrasi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, inesimiso sephalamende esinesimiso esiqinile sokwahlulela esithatha indinganiso yokwahlulela. INkantolo Ephakeme yaseNdiya iye yalahla imithetho nezenzo zobuphathi eziphula amalungelo ayisisekelo. Nokho, isimiso samaNdiya sibhekene nezinselele zokukhuphuka kwemithetho yezikhulu kanye nokuhlasela kwenkululeko yokwahlulela.

Lezi zibonelo eziqhathanisayo zibonisa ukuthi nakuba izinqubo ezithile zihlukahluka, umqondo oyisisekelo uhlala ufana: ukuhlukanisa amandla nokwakha izingxabano kwenza kube nzima nganoma imuphi umdlali oyedwa ukuba abuse. Asikho isimiso esiphelele, futhi ngasinye kumelwe sivumelaniswe nemongo yaso yempucuko nezombangazwe, kodwa isimiso sikahulumeni ocindezelwayo sisendaweni yonke.

Isiphetho: Ukusekela Isimiso Sezizukulwane Ezizayo

Amasesha nama-ace awaziqedi ukuzibulala. Adinga ukuqapha njalo, ubuqotho obuhleliwe, kanye nobuzwe obukhuthele ukuze basebenze kahle. Abahleli boMthetho-sisekelo baqonda ukuthi imvelo yomuntu inephutha futhi amandla athambekele ekonakaleni. Ikhambi labo laliwukulahla isifiso sokuvelela, badala uhulumeni oklanyelwe ukumelana nobushiqela ngisho nalapho abantu ngokwabo bengayinaki.

Kodwa isimiso singaqedwa kancane kancane. Uma elinye igatsha lenqaba ukubambisana, lapho izinkantolo zigcwele iziphakamiso, lapho iziphathi zendlu yomthetho ziphethe kakhulu, noma lapho izakhamuzi zingenandaba, izihloko zokulinganisela. Umlando ubonisa ukuthi idemokrasi ingahluleka ngaphakathi, njengoba abaholi abanegunya besebenzisa izigwegwe ezingokomthetho futhi benciphisa izimiso ezingokomthetho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umthwalo wokulondoloza amasheke nokulinganisa uxhomeke kuzo zonke izizukulwane. Ukufundisa intsha ngezimiso zomphakathi, ukusekela izinqubo zokukhetha ezilungile, ukufuna ukuba amagatsha alandise ngezikhulu, nokubheka wonke amagatsha ngezenzo ezibalulekile zobuphathi bentando yeningi nokucindezela komphakathi. Ngokuqonda nangokuvikela izindlela ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla, izakhamuzi zingaqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni uhlala uyinceku yabantu, hhayi inkosi yazo.