Isikhungo Samafulemu Sayya Sabha Kumthetho Wemfundo

IRaje Sabba, njengoMkhandlu wase-United States, iletha umbono ohlukile kahulumeni ekuhlelweni kwenqubo yemfundo ephelelisa ukumelelwa kwe-Lok Sabha ngokuqondisisa. Amalungu ayo, ngokuvamile athathwe ezifundweni ezihlukene, ekulawuleni, nasezizingeni eziphambili, afaka ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisa ukucusumbula kwemithetho yesizwe. Ngokungafani neLok Sabhaha, lapho amalungu ekhethwa khona ngokuqondile ngama-constitue, uRajenya Sabhah ukhethwa ngemihlangano yezemithetho yesifunda-zikole, noma akahlukaniswa ngumongameli ngenxa yolwazi lwawo olukhethekile emasimini anjengezincwadi, isayensi, ubuciko, nenkonzo yezenhlalo. Lokhu kuhlelwa kwenza indlu ephezulu ikwazi ukufundiswa ngamabomu ngamasu abheke amade, ancishwa kancane ngemijinga emiphakathi enziswa kahulumeni.

Ukwehlukaniswa komthetho-mthetho kwemithwalo yemfanelo ngaphansi kweSeventh Shedymary kubeka imfundo ngokuyinhloko kuLuhlu lweNkathi, okusho ukuthi kokubili izishaya-mthetho zePhalamende nezishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni zingamisa ukumiswa kwayo. Lokhu kulawula okuhlangene kwenza indima kaRajeya Sabba ibe ebaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi amalungu ayo amelela izithakazelo zikahulumeni ezingokwesizwe. Uma kusungulwa izikweleti zemfundo, iRajiya Sabbaha inikeza i-am ye-atrum yezindaba zikahulumeni nezindaba zikahulumeni eziqondene ngokomthetho ngaphambi kokuba umthetho uphele. Indlu futhi iqondisa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zemfundo eziqinisekisa ukuba izimiso zemfundo zivumelane nezimiso zomthetho wesizwe nemigomo yokuthuthukisa izwe.

Izinhlelo Zemithetho Nezincwadi Zemfundo

Izindleko zemfundo zisuka ngokomthetho noma yiziphi ezisendlwini yePhalamende ngemva kokubuthwa uMnyango Wemfundo. Indima yemithetho kaRaje Sabha ihlanganisa izigaba ezintathu ezihlukene: ukufakwa kwemvume, ukucatshangelwa kwenombolo ngokulandelana, kanye nendima yokugcina. Phakathi nesigaba sokuqala, amalungu angaphakamisa izimpikiswano zokuqala noma afune ukucaciswa ngesilinganiso semali. Isigaba sesivumelwano se-syby-clause sikhona lapho kuhlongozwa khona ukuqedwa kwemiya, futhi amalungu anolwazi olunezihloko ngokuvamile asikisela inguquko ethuthukisa ukusebenza kwemali. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nokucatshangelwa komthetho we-National Education Policy 2020-20, i-Rajiyahaha amalungu ahlolwayo ukugcinwa kolimi lwesifunda, ukufinyelela okungahleleki okungajwayelekile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezifundo ezinziwayo kanye nokuqeqeshwa ngokwezinye.

Amabhuloho Emfundo Ayilungu Lendawo

Izindleko zangasese zamalungu, ezaziswa amalungu angebona abefundisi, zinikeza indlela yokuba ilungu ngalinye le-Raje Sabha linqume imithetho emisha yemfundo. Nakuba lemali ingavamile ukuba umthetho ngenxa yesikhathi esilinganiselwe sephalamende, ifeza imisebenzi ebalulekile. Zidonsela ukunakekela ezindabeni ezinganakiwe, zidala ukucindezela kwezenzo zikahulumeni, futhi zimise umbhalo wemithetho ogciniwe ozokwakheka phezu kwemithetho yesikhathi esizayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje amalungu angaqashelwanga axoxe aye athintana nemfundo esemthethweni yabantwana, umthetho wezindawo zokuqondisa izikhungosi, ukumiswa kwamayunivesithi okucwaninga, nokubekwa kwezindawo ezivamile zesikole ezisezweni eziqeshiwe ngamazwe. Ngisho nalapho kuwiswa izikwele zemali, izinkulumo zokuxoxo ezivame ukuveza ithonya umthetho kahulumeni.

Iziphendu Zokuba Kube Khona Imithetho Yemfundo

URaje Sabra amalungu alololonga futhi uhlelo lwemfundo ngokususa izinguquko ezikweletini zikahulumeni. Ukulungisa kuvumela amalungu ukuba alungise izincazelo, alungise isikhathi, alungise izindlela zokusekela izimali, noma afake izivikelo kumaqembu asengozini. Ngokwesibonelo, ukulungisa okususwe kuyiRajiya Sabba eQelweni lezingane lokuzikhulula ne-Chost Education Act kuqinise amalungiselelo othisha nokusungula izindlela zokuhlola ukuvumelana kwesikole. Amalungu avela ezizweni ezinezinkinga eziyingqayizivele zokuqaphela ukwahlukahluka kwezifunda, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso zombuso zihlala zivumelana ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuhlasele izimo zendawo.

AmaKomiti EPhalamende Nobufakazi Obuqaphile

Isimiso sekomiti siwumgogodla wokuhlola ipalamende eRaje Sabha, futhi imi eKomitini yemfundo ekhona iphakathi kwamakomiti akhuthele kakhulu. Lekomiti ihlola izikweleti ezibhekiswe kuyo, ibukeza imibiko yaminyaka yonke yemfundo, futhi icabangela imfuneko yokunikezwa ngaphambi kokuba ivotelwe endlini. Ikomiti ihlanganisa amalungu angu-31 kuzo zombili izindlu, kanye nesihlalo esivame ukuvela eRajiya Sabra. Umsebenzi wayo uhilela ukuxoxa okukhulu nenkonzo yezemfundo, ochwepheshe bezemfundo, abafundisi, izinhlangano zabafundi, namaqembu omphakathi.

Khetha Amakomiti Nemibuzo Ekhethekile

Ngalé kwamakomiti amile, i-Rajeya Sabra ingamisa amakomiti akhetha izihloko ezithile zemfundo. Lamakomiti anamagama abhekiswe kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile aveza imibiko eminingi yaleyosiqondiso sesimiso sokwakheka. Khetha iKomiti eMthethweni wezemfundo weNational Policy 2020, ngokwesibonelo, ahambela amazwe amaningi, azwa ubufakazi kumakhulu ababambisi beminyango, futhi afaka izituso ezithonyela izinhlelo zokugcina. Khetha amakomiti ezinkokheli zemfundo, ukuswela kothisha, nomthetho wemfundo ophakeme uveze izinto ezifanayo ohulumeni abaye bazisebenzisa ekuhlolweni kokungenela iziphakamiso.

Imibiko Yekomiti Nokusabela Kukahulumeni

Imibiko yamakomiti inesici esiphawulekayo ngoba imelela ukuvumelana okukhona phakathi kwe-bipartisan ngokuhlola okunemininingwane. UMnyango Wemfundo udingeka ukuba uphendule ukusikisela ngakunye phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu, uchaze ukuthi uyakwamukela yini ukusikisela nokuthi kuhlela kanjani ukukusebenzisa. Uma uhulumeni engavumelani nokutusa, kumelwe kunikeze izizathu. Lokhu kwakha ingxoxo ehleliwe phakathi kwePhalamende kanye nomphathi othuthukisa izinga lenqubo. Imibiko evela ku-Rapya Sabra Sectariat[ ngezihloko ezithiwayela zemfundo yezemilicikilisho, ukuqeqeshelwa imisebenzi, nokuhwebela izimali kuye kwaba yizincwadi zokuxhumana kohulumeni nezinhlangano zomhlaba.

Imibuzo Yamaphalamende Nokulandisa

Ihora lombuzo kuyiRaje Sabba liyithuluzi elinamandla lokugcina uMnyango Wemfundo unesibopho sokulandisa. Amalungu afaka imibuzo ebhaliwe noma eshiwoyo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwenqubo, ukuhlelwa kwendlela yokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo, igebe lemisebenzi, nemiphumela efundisayo. Inkonzo kumelwe inikeze izimpendulo eziyiqiniso phansi kwendlu, idala amarekhodi omphakathi abacwaningi, izintatheli, nabasekeli abangawasebenzisa. [[FLT: 0]] imibuzo ebhaliwe ephathelene nokusetshenziswa kwesimiso sohlelo, ukuhlelwa kwezimiso, ngokuvamile iholela ezingxabazweni lapho amalungu eqala khona izimpikiswano eziminyangweni. Ngokwesibonelo, imibuzo ephathelene nezinganiso zezemaphakathi kohlelo lokudla, uthisha abaphethe amaphakasha ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, futhi amazinga afunda ehle abangela ukucwaninga nezenzo zokulungisa.

Ihora Leqanda Okuphawuliwe Namagama Akhethekile

Phakathi nehora, amalungu aphakamisa izindaba eziphuthumayo zomphakathi ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Imfundo ivame ukuvela phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kusukela ekuvalweni kwesikole sendawo kuya ekuhlolweni okungahambelani kahle. Lokhu kungenela kungabangela ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuqondisa ngokushesha ngoba abaqondisi bakhetha ukusingatha izinkathazo ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zibe izimpikiswano ezinkulu. Inkulumo ekhethekile, eyenziwa ngemva kokuphela kwebhizinisi elihleliwe, ivumela amalungu ukuba anikeze ukuphawula okuningiliziwe mayelana negebezo noma ukwehluleka kokusebenza.

Izimpikiswano Ngohlelo Lwezemfundo Nokusetshenziswa Kwengcebo

Isimiso sokuhlela uhlelo lwemali yinkathi ebaluleke kakhulu yokuxhasa imfundo. IRaje Sabha impikiswano yokufuna intela yenkonzo yoMnyango wemfundo, uma amalungu ehlola izakhiwo ezikhona phakathi kwemfundo yesikole, imfundo ephakeme, nokucwaninga. Amalungu avela ezizweni ezinezikhombo eziphansi zemfundo ngokuvamile aphikisana ngezimali ezikhungethweyo ukuze abhekane nokungahleleki okungokomlando. Indlu ingatusa ukunyuswa kwemali noma ukuthutha ngokoqobo, futhi nakuba uhulumeni engabophekile ukwamukela lokhu kutusa, ukugxeka okuqhubekayo kuholela ekulungiseni izimali ezibhangekweni ezalandela. [[FLT:]] IKomiti yama-Akhawulic akhawunti yemali e-RY. , ehlanganisa i-Jajiya Sabba, ukubukeza indlela izimali zesikhathi esidlule ezisetshenziswa ngayo futhi amaphuzu avelele.

Ulimi Nobulungisa Ekuxhaseni Imfundo

I-Raje Sabra amalungu aye akhuluma kakhulu ngokuhlukana kwezemfundo. Ngokuphikisana ngemali nokungenela kwekomiti, baye bathola izakhiwo ezandisiwe zemfundo yamantombazane, kuhlanganise nezemfundo, izindawo zezenhlanzeko ezisezikoleni, kanye nezinto zokuhamba eziphephile. Ngokufanayo, amalungu avela ezindaweni ezinemiphakathi emikhulu aye acindezela ukuxhasa imali ehlobana kwezempucuko ngesikhathi enikeza imfundo ephezulu. Ukuqamba kwale ndlu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amazwi avela ezindaweni ezincane nangaphansi kwentuthuko azwakala phakathi nezingxoxo zokwabiwandisa izimali, kuvimbele ukuvelela kwemisebenzi yezemfundo yesizwe.

Ukuhlanganyela Nohulumeni Bombuso Nokubambisana Kwamalungiselelo

Njengoba ohulumeni bezwe benomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa izimiso eziningi zemfundo, iRaje Sabha isebenza njengendawo yesikhululo sezwe esinezinkinga zezwe ukuze ithonye ama-general. Amalungu avame ukuphakamisa izindaba eziqondene nezifunda zawo, njengemiphumela yokuhlola ibhodi ngezinguquko zemfundo yesifunda, ukuqaphela izilimi zikahulumeni ezimisweni zobuzwe zokuhlola, noma ukubambisana phakathi kwezwe namabhodi emfundo ephakathi kwe-Inter-State, okuhlanganisa amalungu e-Rajegya Sabha, ixoxa ngezindaba zemfundo ezidinga ukuhlanganiswa kwemithetho yezemfundo, njengothisha abahamba benqamula amazwe futhi baqaphelana ngezitifiketi zesikole.

I- ye-National Education Policy 2020 yalolongwa kakhulu yizinto ezifakwa ku-Rajiya Sabba owahlanganyela ekuhloleni izikhonzi zemfundo kahulumeni nezikhulu. Ukuphikelela kwazo ekulondolozeni ukuvumelana kwezimiso zohlelo lwezifundo nezindlela zokuhlola kwaholela esimisweni esivumela ukujwayela okuphawulekayo kwesilinganiso sikahulumeni. Lokhu kuqonda okungokomthetho kungomunye weminikelo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-Rajivya Sabba ekwayhi profection.

Ukuthuthukisa Imfundo Yasesikoleni Nemfanelo

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra aye asekela ngokungaguquki ukuthuthukiswa kwezemfundo yesikole, ikakhulukazi emaphandleni nasezindaweni ezikude. Imibuzo yabo yephalamende kanye nokungenela kwamakomiti kuye kwaqokomisa ukuswelakala kokutholakala kwekilasi, izikhungo zokuphuza amanzi, ukuxhumana nogesi, namabhulabhu ekhompuyutha. Samagra Shiksha Akhiyan [[FLT] [ii-FLT], [1], uhlelo lwemfundo yemfundo yezemfundo yaseNdiya ephambili, luye lwamiswa ngezindlela zesikole ezivela kuRaja Sabha ikomiti ezisekela iminikelo esekelwe ekusekeleni iyunifomu yeyunifomu. Amalungu aye afaka futhi aphawu oluhle emasha ezindaweni ezingaphezulu zemisebenzi, kuhlanganise nezingalo zemfundo, impumelelo yokufundisa, nokuphumelela kwezeluleko lwesikole, nokuphumelela kwekomiti yokuphatha.

Ukuqeqesha Abafundi Nokuthuthuka Kobuchwepheshe

Imfanelo yothisha ihlala ikhona ikhathalela imfundo yamaNdiya, futhi amalungu kaRaje Sabha aye agxila ekuqiniseni ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphambi kokuqeqeshwa, ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi, nasekuthatheni umthwalo wemfanelo. Imibiko yamakomiti iye yatusa ukugunyazwa okukhulu kwezinhlangano zemfundo zothisha, ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo okuhlobene nokuqhubekela phambili kwemisebenzi, kanye nokudluliswa kwemithetho okuvimbela ukungenela kwezombangazwe. Amalungu avela emazweni anokuswela okukhulu kothisha aye ahlongoza izisusa zokukhonza kothisha ezindaweni ezinzima, kuhlanganise nokuthola izakhiwo zokufundisa, izakhiwo zemfundo eziphambili.

Izinguquko Nezinguquko Zokuhlaziya

I-Raje Sabra ibiyi-parma yempikiswano emayelana nokubaluleka kwezifundo nokucindezeleka. Amalungu ezizinda ezihlukahlukene aye aveza imibono engokokuhlangenwe nakho kwawo kobuchwepheshe, aphikisa izifundo zokulinganisela ulwazi lwemfundo namakhono okuphila, ukuchayeka emsebenzini, nemfundo eyigugu. i-Formal Curricuum Comselture [[Fota:1] ukubukeza okusekelwe ezingxoxweni zobuchwepheshe zobuchwepheshe, [i-Reja Sabha] kuzuze ezingxoxweni ezigcizelela isidingo sokunciphisa umthwalo ogcwele, ukuthuthukisa imfundo ephambili, nokuhlanganisa izimiso zolwazi zendawo ezifundiswa kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa, ikakhulukazi ukuqhubekela phambili kokuhlola okusekelwe ekuhlolweni okuphakeme nokuhlola, kuye kwalondwa amalungu empilweni ngezinkinga zengqondo nakwezezentengo yezentengo yeze.

Umthetho Wokubusa Imfundo Ephakeme Nokucwaninga

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra aye afeza indima enkulu ekulolongeni umthetho wemfundo ephakeme, kuhlanganise nokumiswa kwe-Prom Education Commission of India ephakeme kanye nezinguquko ekwalenyulweni kweyunivesithi. Imibiko yamakomiti iye yabiza ukuzibusa okukhulu, izinqubo zokukhetha ukuhola okubonisayo, kanye nokuqinisa izimiso zokuqinisekisa. Amalungu anezizinda zemfundo eziphambili aye aletha ukuthembeka ezingxoxweni zezezezezokucwaninga, ukubambisana kwezizwe ngezizwe zonke, kanye nokulingana phakathi kokufundisa nokucwaninga nokucwaninga emayunivesithi.

Ukucwaninga Nokuvuselela Isimiso Semvelo

I- i-National Research Foundation, ebonwa ngombono kuyi-National Education Policy 2020, yathonywa amalungu eRajeya Sabha alwela ukuxhasa indikimba enikezelwe yezimali zokucwaninga phakathi kwezimiso. Bagcizelela ukubaluleka kokucwaninga okuyisisekelo kanye nokusekela izimiso ezisekela abacwaningi bakudala. Indlu futhi yaxoxa ngezindaba zobuqotho bokucwaninga, izinkampani zezemboni, kanye nokuhwebelana kwempahla edaywwwwqe ezisungulwe yizinhlangano zomphakathi.

Ukufinyelela Nokulinganisela Emfundweni Ephakeme

Izimiso zokubuyisana, usizo lwezimali, nokusekela abafundi abaqalayo ukuvela phambili yizindaba uRajeya Sabha aye waziphakamisa ngokungaguquguquki. Ukungenela kwabo kuye kwalungisa amaqhinga olwazi, izakhiwo ze-astel, kanye nokweluleka izinhlelo zabafundi abavela ezizindeni eziphansi. Amalungu futhi aye agxeka ukuhwebelana kwemfundo ephakeme futhi acela imithetho eqinile yamayunivesithi okuvimbela ukuxhashazwa kwabafundi. Ingxoxo e [FLT: 0] Prank Educational Institutions Bill

Ukumelelwa Kwemiphakathi Engalinganiswa Nemfundo

Uhlelo lukaRaje Sabra luhlanganisa amalungu aneziqu ezihlukene amele imikhakha namalungu akhethiwe kuzo zonke izifunda, eqinisekisa ukuthi amasu emiphakathi engaphansi amelelwa ezingxoxweni zezemfundo. Amalungu e-Shedymard Castes, Stedyd Covations, Amanye Amaklasi Angasemva, kanye namahlelo amancane enkolo aye asebenzisa iziteshi zasepalamende ukuqokomisa izindlela zemfundo ezingekho emkhakheni wemfundo futhi ahlongoza ukungenela. Iminikelo yawo iye yathonya umklamo wezinhlelo zemfundo, izikole zokuhlala, kanye nezifundo ezibonisa ukulandisa okuphelele.

Isigodo kwimfundo kanye nezinye iziteknoloji eziqhamukayo kuye kwaxoxwa kuRajiya Sabha, amalungu agxile ekutheni imishini yezobuchwepheshe ingavala kanjani izikhala ezingeni eliphansi kunokuba yandiswe. Ukucindezela izinhlelo zolwazi lwezinombolo, ukutholakala kwe-inthanethi yobuchwepheshe engabizi kakhulu kubafundi, futhi ukuvula imithombo yemfundo kusekelwa kakhulu amalungu aqaphela ikhono lobuchwepheshe lokulawula imfundo.

Ukuhlangana Nezinhlangano Nezindikimba Zamazwe Ngamazwe Ezingahambisani Nemithetho

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra ngokuvamile asebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwezinhlangano zomphakathi zomphakathi ezisebenza emfundweni nabenzi bezinqumo zikahulumeni. Bamema abameleli be-NGO ukuze banikeze ubufakazi phakathi nokuthethwa kwezindaba zekomiti futhi basekele izibheno zotshani ezibonisa imibono enqubeni. Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezinjenge UNESCO kanye ne-World Bank World Bank [[] njalo inikezela ukwaziswa nokutusa kuRaj Sabbah Committess, futhi amalungu afaka imikhuba engcono kakhulu embulungeni yonke emsebenzini wawo womthetho. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi isimiso semfundo yezemfundo yaseNdiya sizuza ekufundeni imbulunga yonke nakuba iqhubeke igxile ezingeni.

Izinselele Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo

Naphezu kweminikelo yayo, i-Raje Sabra iphumelela kakhulu emkhankasweni wezemfundo ibhekene nezinselele eziningi. Ukulinganisela kwesikhathi sephalamende kusho ukuthi izikweletu zemfundo eziningi azifaneleki. Ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kwemithetho yokuhlola umthetho ukuze ungayisebenzisi i-Rajiya Sabba's indima ewukuqedayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho olwa nomthetho omelene nokukhokhwa kwemali yezezimali awusebenzisi ekuvoteni kwezinye izikweletu kunezenzo zethemba, ngezinye izikhathi okunciphisa isisusa samalungu ukuba ahileleke ngokujulile ngemininingwane yezimiso. Izinguquko ezinjengezinsuku zemfundo ezinikezelwe ekhalendabeni yephalamende, i-activeal relationstions formations trans tray, futhi izisebenzi zekomiti ezingalinyenziwa i-Syayaha's.

Imiphumela yamakomiti ephalamende eNdiya iye yahlolwa izazi eziqaphela ukuthi nakuba amakomiti ekhiqiza imibiko elinganayo, ukusetshenziswa kokutusa kuhlala kuguquguquka. Amalungu eRaje Sabha nawo aye acela izindlela zokulandela ukusikisela kohulumeni nokuhileleka okukhulu enqubeni yokumisa elandela ukuthatha umthetho.

Isiphetho

Ingxenye kaRaje Sabra ekuthuthukiseni kwezemfundo eNdiya igcwele futhi inezinto eziningi. Ngokuhlola imithetho, ukuhlola amakomiti, ukuhlela uhlelo lwemali, nokumelelwa kwezwe nezithakazelo ezimbalwa, amalungu endlu ephezulu aqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso zemfundo ziyayekelela, ziphelele, futhi ziyasabela ezidingweni zemfundo zaseNdiya. Ukwakhiwa kwendlu, okuhlanganisa ochwepheshe bemfundo, amasiko, nemikhakha yezenhlalo, kuletha ulwazi olukhethekile ukuze kusingathwane nezindaba zemfundo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Nakuba izinselele zokuhumusha izimemezelo zephalamende zisebenza ngokuphumelela, iRayya Shabba ibaluleke kakhulu ekufundiseni iNdiya. Njengoba ifuna umgomo wokuzuza ulwazi oluphezulu, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Syayaba amalungu esazi semfundo ziyo kuyohlala zibalulekile, futhi zilandela isimiso semfundo esiphambili.