UMthetho - sisekelo Unqabela Ukuthatha Inkathi Yesimo Sezulu Endlini Engenhla YaseNdiya

INdiya ibhekene nosongo olukhulayo lwezinhlekelele zesimo sezulu ezibangelwa yi-"floods, iziphepho, iziphepho, izikhukhula zechibi leqhwa. Njengoba igumbi lesibili lesizwe lemithetho, iRajiya Sabbaha isebenzisa umthetho ohlukile olawula ukumelana nenhlekelele kanye nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ngokungafani ne-Lok Sabba, amalungu ayo abhekene nokukhetha okukhona njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, amalungu eRajeya Sabhaha asebenza ngokunyakazazisa, anikeza izinqumiso ezithatha iminyaka eyisithupha, anikeza ukuqhubekela phambili nombono owengeziwe wezimiso ezihlala njalo. Lokhu kuqina kokwakha kwenza uRajiya Sabbaha akwazi ukuguqula amalungu anezimo zezulu eziningi, ukuthatha izinyathelo zeminyaka eminingi zezokuhlola izifunda ezidlula yonke.

Indima yeRajiya Sabra ayisona nje isithiyo kodwa futhi iwusizo ekuthatheni isinyathelo sokulawula. Ngamakomiti ephalamende, amahora okubuza, nezikweleti zamalungu angawodwa, amalungu andisa ukuphuthuma kokwehliswa kwesimo sezulu. Ukwakheka kwegumbi (ukuhlelwa kwengxenye yesithathu yamalungu alo akhethwa ngemihlangano kazwelonke) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuguguleka kwezindawo zomphakathi eKerala noma ehlahla eRajasthan, kwamukelwa ukulawulwa kwezwelo. Lo mkhuba kahulumeni wenza iRajiya Sabbaha ibe ipulatifomu elingokwemvelo lokuqhubekisela izinyathelo zokuzinza ezimweni zendawo phakathi kwesakhiwo sesizwe.

Isici Esiwusizo Sokubhekana Nenhlekelele ENdiya

Ukuma kwezwe laseNdiya kunciphisa ukuchayeka kwayo ezingozini zesimo sezulu. Amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-60 ezwe asengozini yokuzamazama komhlaba, amaphesenti angu-12 ezikhukhula, futhi angu-8% asophendundundu. Inkathi yeziphepho yonyaka ka-2023 iyodwa yabangela ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-20 000 futhi yalimaza kakhulu i-61.5kh crore. Ngokumelene nalendawo, amalungu e-Rajeya Sabba aye agcina umsebenzi wawo wephalamende ekuncipheni kwengozi enhlekeleleni (DRR) kanye nokushintsha isimo sezulu, ukudambisa i-transfer esabelayo akusithatheli indawo yokuzimela ukuvuselela inhlekelele.

Izingozi zokushintsha isimo sezulu yile zingozi. I- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ihlela izenzakalo ezinkulu zemvula, isomiso esithatha isikhathi eside, nolwandle oluphakeme ngasogwini lwaseNdiya lwe7 500 lwekhilomitha. i-IPC’SC’SC’Sth Assesment Report [ igcizelela ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwemali kumelwe kuphindeke kathathu ngo-2030 ukuze kunciphe inhlekelele. I-Rayya Sabhaha amalungu afuna lemiphumela ukuze afune izimali ezindiselwa iNational Revotion Fund forficificiation and gever - syteacesting short of Climate (NAPC).

Izinyathelo Zokuthatha Imithetho: Ukusuka Ezincwadini Zelungu Elizimele Kuya Ezindaweni Zokumisa Imithetho

Izindleko zangasese e-Rajeya Sabra zinemithetho yendawo ezungezile engokomlando engqubuzanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, amaLungelo abantu anoMthetho wokukhubazeka, 2016, kanye ne-Transgender Persons (Ukhuseleko Lwamalungelo), 2019, zombili zasungulwa eRajeya Sabra. Endaweni yokuzimela inhlekelele, amalungu eRayya Sabbaha aye asungula izikweleti ezibonisa ukunikezelwa kweClimate Resilience Act, ukubuyiselwa eMthethweni woMthethweni wenhlekelele ka-20059, kanye nomthetho wesimo sengozi yesimo sezulu esisemgangathweni sezinhlangano.

Esinye isibonelo esiphawulekayo yi- Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2022, eqondiswa yilungu leRajiya Sabhaha, elifuna ukusungula amabhodi ezingozi zesimo sezulu asemaphethelweni esiwonga kanye necebo lenhlekelele yezwe lokuxhasa imali. Nakuba layeka ngenxa yokudilika kweNdlu, isimemezelo sashukumisa uhulumeni ukuba aqalise i-National Platform for Disce Reduction ,(aa astaverinder-sbateormander for system aphethe manje. Imizamo enjalo ibonisa indlela u-Rapya Sabha angacindezela ngayo isikhulu ngisho nalapho izikwele zabo zingabi umthetho.

Ngalé kwemali, uRajiya Sabba amalungu asebenzisa i Ihora leSizumbulu kanye [FLT] ne Queasury hour [ ukukhipha izibopho zikakhonkolo. Phakathi nesimiso se-2023 yezulu, ilungu elivela e-Odisha labuza iNkonzo yezindaba zasekhaya ngokulibala kokwakhiwa kwesiphephelo sesivunguvunguvunguvu sesifunda saseGanjam. Impendulo yenkonzo yabangela ukubukezwa, okwaholela ekupheleni okupheleleni kwezikhungo zokhoselo eziyishumi ngaphambi kokuba i-Dirvanya yenza ibhungane liphumelele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umthetho nokwengamele kuqinisekisa ukuthi u-divoccondackisholo olubonakalayo.

Ukuqondisa Nokukhalipha: Izimiso Zamakomiti Njengobashayeli Bokulungisa Isimo

Isimiso sekomiti iRajiya Sabra ngokuqinisekile iyithuluzi layo elinamandla kakhulu lokulawula isimo sezulu. I-Parliamentaliary Committee on Home Affairs ihlola ukusebenza kwe-National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). Ngokufanayo, i- i-Komiti evimbela ukuma kwendawo ezungezile, amaZwe, ne-Climate Change ihlola izinhlelo ze-Nkonzo yokuguqula imvelo. La makomiti aphethe ukuzwa, ukubizwa, ukubizwa, ukukhiqiniswa kwemibiko eveza ukuma kwendlela kahulumeni yokusebenza.

Ngo-2024, i-Rajiya Sabba’s IKomiti yePhalamende ehlobene ne-Agriculture yakhipha umbiko onesihloko esithi “Izimo Zokulungisa: Izinselele Nendlela Ephambili.” Yatusa ukunikezwa kwe-National Mission for Sustatable Agricultures ku-6202 000 crore kuya ku-65 000 cream nokwehlela isomiso emishuwaneni yezitshalo. Uhulumeni wamukela ezintathu zezituso eziyinhloko ezinhlanu ku-2025,26 Uhlelo lohlelo lwe-Reabyya Sabha lusebenza kanjani njengezinguquko ezizimeleyo.

Enye indlela ebucayi yiKomiti ye- ehlolwa izindleko zezinhlelo ezihlobene nesimo sezulu. Ukubukezwa kwale komiti kwa 2023 kwathola ukuthi i-38% kuphela yemali eyabelwe ngaphansi kweNational Emplitation Fund for Climate Change yabe ikhushuliwe ezindaweni ezine. Ukucindezela kwephalamende okwalandela kwaphoqelela iNkonzo yezezimali ukuba ilungise iziqondiso zezemali, ithuthukise amazinga okuncishintshwa afinyelele ku 62% phakathi konyaka. Le nkonzo yokuqondisa iqinisekisa ukuthi imali eyabelwe ukuvuselela impumelelo ifinyelela emiphakathini esengozini.

Izindawo Eziyinhloko Zokugxila: Lapho Amalungu e-Raje Sabha Eshintsha Khona

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra agxilisa iziphakamiso zawo ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezihlangene ezakha umgogodla wezwe elinesimo sezulu eliseNdiya. Indawo ngayinye idinga ukungenela kwemithetho, imali, nokuphatha amalungu afuna ukukungenela ngamathuluzi amaningi ephalamende.

Ukulungiselelwa Kwenhlekelele Nokusabela

Amalungu aye aqhubekisela phambili ngokuqhubekayo ukuthuthukisa izimiso zesixwayiso zakuqala, ikakhulukazi zezikhukhula kanye nezifudula. Ngemva kwezikhukhula ezingu-2021 e-Uttankank, ilungu leRajiya Sabba elivela ezweni ngempumelelo lashukumisa ukuhanjwa kokubiza okwaholela ekunyulweni kwe Flash Prank Leasur System Flash System] Flash Prandment System [ yokumboza zonke izigodi ze-Himalaya:1] ukumboza zonke izigodi ze-Himalaya. Ngokufanayo, Heat Action Plan [FLT Plan manje] egunyazwe ngezindlela ezingu 23 eziqhubekayo ngemva kwemibuzo evela ku-Rajaha i-prabhulda shop emelela ilungu elimelela ukushisa ephakathi kweNdiya.

Ukukwazi ukumelana nenqubo yokwakha kungokunye okuqondiswe. [nge- Committee on Public Underings, amalungu aye ahlela inhlekelele yemisebenzi yengxenye yomphakathi enjengeNational Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) ne-Indiya Railways. Ngo-2024, umbiko wale komiti waphoqelela iNkonzo Yezinja ekwandiseni imikhondo yesitimela enqanda isikhukhula ezifundeni ezingu-7 ze-pray. Izindleko ezinjalo zemali ziyagxeka ekulondolozeni ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukugqugquzelwa Kokuphathwa Kwezolimo Namanzi Okunezinga Eliqinile

Ezolimo zithatha ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kwezomnotho ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu eNdiya. URaje Sabha Shata amalungu ezindawo ezivamile njengePunjab neMaharashtra aye asekela izikweletu ezihlukene i-Climate-Smart Agriculture[[[FLT:]] kanye [FLT] kanye [FLT] ne- [FUN]] i-Munic Organic Ormatic Waste Composting . [[FLT:]] Ikhadi lezempilo yezempilo [FLT:]][5]] kanye nohlelo lwesimiso sokuhamba kakhulu lokufaka phambili i-mgebomu ye-omgemfonto e-odwa e-Rajayayabhahabha, eyasikisela ukuhlolwa kwezwe yonke ipulani eliphethe yonyaka ephethe.

Abaphathi bamanzi babaluleke ngokufanayo. Amalungu aye asebenzisa i-RTULA 267 (ukuhlangana kwebhizinisi ukuze axoxe ngendaba yomphakathi obalulekile ngokuphuthumayo) ukuqokomisa ukuncishiswa kwamanzi angaphansi kwendawo yaseMarathwada. Lokhu kungenela kwaholela ekusungulweni kwe u-National Water Mission’s [ imfucucu yamanzi, manje edinga zonke izakhiwo ezintsha ezisezindaweni ezinamanzi ukuze kufakwe izimiso zokuvuthwa kwamanzi. IJajiyahahahaha ukuphikelela kokuhlanganisa inzuzo yokulima ekulondolozweni kwamanzi [FOLD:]

Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo Nezinto Eziphilayo

IMangroves, indawo ebandayo, namahlathi yizikhawu ezingokwemvelo ezimelene neziphepho nezikhukhula. Amalungu eRaje Sabha aye asungula iziphakamiso eziningi [[FLT: 0] izibhidiversity Conservation Bills ezihlobanisa izimali zesizwe zokulungisa i-coco coantal. Okunye okuphawulekayo kwafezwayo kwavela lapho ilungu elivela eNtshona Bengal, ngengxoxo yamahora amathathu anikezelwe, iboshelwe ama-Creverse engeziwe eSundars ngaphansi kwe-[FLT] Coastalban Project ye-Progial [[[FLD:3]]. Lezinto eziphilayo manje zisebenza njengomgca wokuqala wezokuvikela izigidi eziphila eBen.

Amalungu futhi ahlola ukucwenga kwendawo ezungezile. IKomiti emisa imvelo inezenzakalo eziphawulekayo lapho ukuvuleka ngokushesha kwemigodi yamalahle nokwakhiwa kwedamu kuvela khona ekuhlolweni kokungalawuleki kwesimo sezulu. Ngo-2023, umbiko wekomiti ophathelene nomfula waholela uMnyango Wendawo Ezungezile ekwenzeni ukuhlelwa kwendawo ezungezile okuyimfuneko kuyo yonke imisebenzi ewumfula exhumanayo. Lokhu kunqoba kwenguquko esekelwe ekuhlolweni kwemvelo esekelwe ejijijini elilodwa likaSabra ilungu le-Monshover ephikisa ngokuphikelelayo phakathi neNgqungquthela 2022.

Imfundo Yesimo Sezulu Nemikhankaso Yokuqaphela

Amalungu e-Raje Sabra aqaphela ukuthi ukukwazi ukumelana nenkathi ende kuxhomeke emphakathini onolwazi. Abaningi baye baxhasa [[FLT: 0] i-Parliament Forums ekufundeni isimo sezulu, okuyizinto zokuhlela izindikimba zabafundisi kanye nezibusa zendawo. Ukushintsha Imfundo Kuxhomekeka kumphakathi onolwazi, 2023, okwasungulwa yi-Rajiya Sabba ilungu le-Kerala, okwahlongoza isayensi yesimo sezulu ezifundweni zesikole kusukela eClasiCreesting. Nakuba izikhangiso zisadluliselwa, kwabangela ukuba i-National Council of Educational Real Research and Training (MBRT) ihlanganise ne-seqeding zihlolwe ngokuhlelwa kwenhlekelele.

Ngaphandle kwezikole, amalungu angahlasela abaholi be-panchayat. I-Via Quesion Hour, ilungu le-Hamachal Pradesh likhiphe impendulo ethi uMnyango wePanchayati Raj uhlanganise izimo zokuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu ku- Planchiat Development Plan[. Lesimiso sokuqaphela ulwazi manje sifinyelela kwabameleli abangaphezu kuka-20 000 ngonyaka, ibahlomisela ukuhlanganisa izinhlelo zokulungisa ukuthuthukisa isimo sendawo ezindaweni zendawo zokuhlela zendawo. Imfundo enjalo ayibizi kakhulu kodwa inemiphumela eminingi enqamula izizukulwane.

Imali Nezobuchwepheshe Ezisetshenziswayo Esimweni Sezulu

Ukuzivumelanisa nokuzivuselela kudinga ukuqhubekeka okuqinile kwezezimali. Amalungu eRaje Sabha aye ahamba phambili ekufuneni i- Conficience Fund phakathi kwe-Union Bac. Izimpikiswano zabo, ezisekelwe ku- National Disaster Management Plan 20222[FLD], ziye zaqinisekisa iNkonzo yezezimali ukuba yakhe ikhanda elihlukile lezindleko zesimo sezulu ngonyaka ka-2025226. Lokhu kuhlola kwenza ukuba kukwazi kangcono ukulandelela ama-partment acishe [FLT] PlanTreagement Plan 202] [FLD][FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [i]

Ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe kungenye indawo lapho amalungu e-Raje Sabha ehamba phambili khona. Ngokumema ochwepheshe ukuba baye emihlanganweni yamakomiti, baye basiza ekusebenziseni izimiso zokuhlola izitshalo zomdabu ezisekelwe kuyi-satellite kanye namathuluzi okuhlola ukulimala okusekelwe e-drone. I-Indian Space Research Association (ISRO) manje inikeza ukwaziswa kwangempela kwesikhathi se-Dal Astingment ne-Monitoring System [, umphumela oqondile wesidingo esikhuliswe kuyi-RABHA phakathi nengxoxo ye-Actic Actiqueties. La mathuluzi obuchwepheshe athuthukisa kokubili ukuhlobisa nokuhlola kudinga.

Izinselele Nendlela Engaphambili

Naphezu kwalokhu kuphumelela, uRaje Sabba amalungu abhekene nezithiyo zokwakha. Umqondisi uvame ukumelana nokuqondisa umthetho, futhi izikweletu zamalungu angawethu akuvamile ukuba zibe umthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukwazi ukubhekana nenhlekelele kuyindaba ehambisanayo, kushiya indawo yesilinganiso sikahulumeni sokungathathi misebenzi. Amanye amalungu asekela i-Inter Council Subteementment Explitation[ ekulimazeni izimiso zokulimaza izifundazwe ezihlukene, kusuka eRajiya Sabra ngo-2024.

Enye inselele elinganiselwe ekwabelwe izimpikiswano zesimo sezulu. Esiqeshaneni esivamile, abaphathi benhlekelele banesikhathi esingaphansi kwesihlanu% sengqikithi yesikhathi sephalamende. URaje Sabha manje amalungu ase-Cliate Department i-Contentiment Tridge Treat[ yokuhlohlwa minyaka yonke, okungaboniswa emazwini eGender Uhlaziyo, okungaphoqelela umphathi ukuba akwambule ukusetshenziswa ngokucace.

Ukwakhiwa kwegumbi nakho kuthonya imiphumela. Ngamalungu angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa eRaje Sabha anawo ngaphambili amasu kahulumeni noma izinkonzo zokuphatha, i House iyazuza kakhulu ngolwazi olujulile lwendawo. Nokho, izinga lokungavikeleki kwelaseNdiya ku-(ikhaya) ezigidini ezibhekene nezingozi zesimo sezulu esiphindiwe esibangelwa yile sayensi eguqula ibe isikali esikhulu, isenzo sombuso. Amalungu e-Rajeya Sabhaha asebenzisa kakhulu ukusekela kwawo siqu kanye nezenhlalo ukuze athakazelise umsebenzi wephalamende, akhe izimpande zotshani zotshani ukuze zisekele izimiso zokuvuselela.

Isiphetho: IRaje Sabra njengeNdlela Yokukhuphuka

Amalungu eRaje Sabha aye asuka ekubeni abaxhasi abanamandla bokuzimela kwenhlekelele nokuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu. Ngomthetho othatha izinyathelo zokuqondisa ikomiti, ukuphatha izikhulu, ukuhlolwa, nokuqashwa okuphikelelayo, aqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zesimo sezulu azisekelwe ekucabangeleni okufushane kwezombangazwe. Umbuso wawo, inkumbulo yenhlangano, nokuzinza kwe-gumi kuwenza abekwe ngendlela ekhethekile ukuze alwele ukuthengwa kwemali okudinga ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Indlela engaphambili icacile: ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kwengozi yesimo sezulu kuyo yonke ibhizinisi lasephalamende, ukucubungula izindleko ezithengiselwayo, kanye nenqubo ehleliwe yokuthola imiphumela yokuzimela. Njengoba i-Indiya igijima ifinyelele inhloso yayo enenetha ngo-2070 kuyilapho ibhekene nezinhlekelele ezikhulayo, iRajeya Sabhaha isebenza njengesekela lokuzimela. Amalungu ayo awawona nje abaphathi bephalamende abathunyelwa ukuba balondoloze, izimiso zokuvikela izigidi zokuphila nezokuziphilisa ezibhekene nesiphepho. Isizwe sincike ekulondekeni kwaso okuqhubekayo.