Isingeniso: Ukusabela Okungokomthetho Okukhulayo Ekuhlaseleni Kwe - Cyberbulism Nokuhlukunyezwa Nge - Internet

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-cyberbulg kanye ne-intanethi kuye kwasuka ekukhathazekeni okusezingeni kuya ezinkingeni ezigcwele kakhulu zomphakathi, okuthinta izigidi zabantu kuzo zonke izinhlanga. Ukungaqondani, ukufinyelela, nokuphikelela kokuxhumana ngemishini kudala indawo lapho ukuhlukunyezwa kungayenzeka khona phakathi newashi, kushiye izisulu zizizwa zibambeke futhi zingenamandla. Ekuphenduleni, abameli bazo kokubili izinga lombuso nombuso baye basungula umthetho ohloselwe ukunqanda le mithetho kuyilapho ihlonipha isivikelo somthetho-mthetho, ikakhulukazi iSiphendulo Sokuqala. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela izishaya - mthetho ezikhuluma ngayo nge-interlyselligate ne-net, izinqubo zokusebenza kwalezi zimo ezikhona endaweni, nezinselele eziqhubekayo eziqhubeka zikhona.

Ukuchaza Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwe - cyberbulhi Nokusetshenziswa Kwe - Internet Endaweni Engokomthetho

Ngaphambi kokuhlola imithetho ethile, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela abamisi-mthetho abawachaza ngayo la magama. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kungaphatha “i-cyberbuling” kanye“ nokuhlukunyezwa” ngokungafani okungokomthetho, ukuchazwa kwemithetho kuyahluka kakhulu. Ukuhlasela okungokomthetho kuvame ukubhekisela ekulimaleni okuphindaphindwayo, okungamabomu okwenziwa ngemishini ye-electronic [1] Ngokuvamile ukuhlasela izingane ezisezikoleni. Ukuhlasela nge-inthane kuyigama elibanzi elingahlanganisa ukusongela, ukusongela, ukwesabisa, nokuhlasela ngokobulili okungathandeki okuqondiswe kubantu abadala noma ezinganeni.

Umthetho we-Federal awunayo incazelo eyodwa ehlangene yokusebenzisa i-inthanethi. Kunalokho, ukhuluma ngezimiso ezihlobene nayo eziphathelene nokusongela, ukusongela ubugebengu, nokukhwabanisa kwamacomputer. Nokho, imithetho yoMbuso iye yasebenza kakhulu ekuchazeni i-inthanethi echaza ngokucacile iziqondiso zemfundo noma imithetho engekho emthethweni. Ngokwesibonelo, imibuso eminingi ichaza ukusebenzisa i-inthanethi njengokusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ngogesi ukuze ihlasele, isongela, noma ilulaze ingane encane, ngolimi oluvame ukuchaza izibonakaliswa noma ukuxhaphaza okungokwesiko kuyi-mistruidruletus.

Ukungabi nancazelo ebanzi kudala inselele yokumangalelana kwemiyalo yesikole. Ezinye zithi ukuziphatha kubangela “ukuphazamisana okukhulu” esikoleni, kuyilapho ezinye zinciphisa ibhande ukuba libangele noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo ngenhloso. Lo msebenzi owenziwe ngamabomu usho ukuthi ukuziphatha okufanayo kungase kube okungekho emthethweni ngandlela-thile kodwa hhayi kwenye, okubangela ukuba izibalo zinciphe imingcele yombuso.

Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwemithetho Kahulumeni Ne - Internet

Kuhulumeni, awukho umthetho omelene ne-cyberbulica. Kunalokho, uMkhandlu ukhulume ngalezi zingozi ngemithetho eminingana ehlobene nobugebengu noma ukuziphatha komphakathi. Lemithetho inikeza isisekelo sesivikelo esingakhelwa amazwe.

Ubudlova Obushaywa Abesifazane (VAWA)

Nakuba ngokuyinhloko ihlangene nobudlova basekhaya nokuhlasela ngokobulili, iDolphin Against Women Act ihlanganisa amalungiselelo okusebenzisa ubugebengu ukuhlukunyezwa nge - Internet lapho kuhilela ukusongela noma ukusongela abangane bomshado abasondelene nabo. Ukubekwa kwe VAWA kuye kwandisa isivikelo sokuhlanganisa ukuqapha ngemishini yemishini, izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingezona ezenhlobo (ngokuvamile ezibizwa ngokuthi izithombe ezingcolile zobulili zokuphindisela), kanye nokukhuluma nge - Internet. Abashushisi boburhulumente baye basebenzisa i-VAWA ukusola izaphula izigebengu ezisebenzisa imithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo, i-imeyili, noma izinhlelo zokuxhumana ukuze badonse izisulu, ikakhulukazi lapho benqamula imingcele kahulumeni.

I - Federal Computer Ukukhwabanisa Nokuxhaphaza (CFAA)

I-CFAA inqabela ukutholakala kwe-computer nezimiso ezisemthethweni. Nakuba ingaklanyelwanga ngokukhethekile ukuhlasela nge-inthanethi, iye yasetshenziswa ezimweni lapho abaphangi bengena ema-imeyilini noma ezokuxhumana ukuze bebe ukwaziswa okuyimfihlo noma bazenze izimpawu. Ulimi olubanzi lomthetho luhlanganisa nezenzo ezibangela umonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa ngokutholakala okunjalo. Izinkantolo ziye zachaza i-CFA ukuze zisebenzise ukusebenzisa i-password ekuxhumaneni nokufafaniswa nezinhlelo zesikole, kokubili okungaba yizicimbi zezenzakalo ze-inthaneti.

Nokho, i-CFAA iye yagxekwa ngenxa yokungaqondakali kakhulu nokungakhohliswa kwemithetho emincane. Isinqumo seNkantolo yamuva ePhakathi, njenge- Van v. United States [201], siye sanciphisa izinga layo, siphakamisa imibuzo ngokuphumelela kwayo ngokumelene nohlobo oluthile lokuhlukunyezwa olukulayini okungahileli ukuphulwa okusobala.

Isinyathelo Sokumisa Ubudlova Esikoleni

Iqanjwe ngo-2018, i-DEMAS School Violence Act kahulumeni inikeza izikole izimali zokuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha, kuhlanganise nokuqeqeshelwa abafundi nezisebenzi indlela yokuqaphela nokubika i-inthanethi. Izikole zingasebenzisa le mali ukuze zisungule izimiso ezingaziwayo zokubika, zithathe iziphetho zosongo, futhi zisungule imithetho emelene nomthetho. Nakuba lo mthetho ungawenzi ubugebengu, ufaka imingcele evimbela nokungenela kwasekuqaleni.

Ezinye Imithetho Ezisebenzayo

  • 76 88 U.S.C. 76(c): Ikwenza kube ubugebengu obulawulwa uhulumeni ukudlulisa noma yikuphi ukuxhumana okunosongo lokulimaza omunye umuntu emigqeni kahulumeni. Lomthetho usebenza kuma-imeyili, imiyalezo yemiyalezo, kanye nezigqebhezana zezokuxhumana ezihlanganisa izinsongo ezithembekile.
  • 18 U.S.U.261A: I-inthanethi kahulumeni yenqabela ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana ngemishini ukuze kuhlaselwe, kuhlukunyezwe, noma kwesabise othile, ikakhulukazi uma ibeka isisulu ngokwesaba okunengqondo ukufa noma ukulimala okukhulu komzimba.
  • I-Dicencys Decency Act (Ukwethula 230): Nakuba ingewona umthetho omelene nophatho, isiqephu sama-230 sinikeza isivikelo kumapulatifomu kuwe-inthanethi ukuze abekwe abasebenzisi. Lo kuzivikela kuye kwaba yinkemba ebambene kabili: ivikela amapulatifomu ekususelwe ukufakwa kokuhlasela okungathandeki, kodwa abagxeki bayaphikisana futhi kususa ukulinganisela okusebenzayo kokusebenzisa i-inthanethi ehlaselayo nokuhlukumeza.

Imithetho yezezimali ingamathuluzi anamandla, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuhlukunyezwa kuphambana neziphazamiso zikahulumeni noma kuhilela ezentengiselwano zamazwe angaphandle.

Imithetho YoMbuso: Indawo Eyinhloko Yempi Emelene Ne - Cyberbulicast

Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lamacala ahlasela nge-inthanethi kwenzeka esifundeni esisodwa, futhi ngenxa yokuthi imfundo ngokuyinhloko iwumsebenzi kahulumeni, izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni ziye zahola ekwenzeni imithetho emelene ne-cyberbul. Kusukela ngo-2025, zonke izifundazwe ezingu-50 zinendlela ethile yomthetho omelene nomthetho owenqabayo, futhi ihlanganisa ngokucacile ukuqinela abanye ngemishini noma ngemishini ngezindlela zabo. Nokho, ubukhulu, ukufaneleka, ukubekwa kwemithetho nezimiso zomthetho kuyahlukahluka kakhulu.

Izakhi Ezivamile Zemithetho KaHulumeni Engekho

Nakuba umthetho wombuso ngamunye uhlukile, kuye kwaba nezici eziningana ezivamile:

  • Ukungavikelwa kokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi: Izifundazwe eziningi zichaza ukuhlasela nge-inthanethi njengokuhlukumeza, ukwesabisa, noma ukuqinela abanye ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe, ngokuvamile zidweba izibonelo ezinjengemiyalezo ye-mesethi, izinsika zezokuxhumana, ama-imeyili, noma amapulatifomu okugembula nge-inthanethi.
  • umbuso we-School:[ Imithetho eminingi iyasebenza ekuziphatheni okwenzeka ezikoleni zesikole noma ezifundweni zesikole, kodwa inani elandayo lidlulela ekunqanyulweni kwe-campus ukuziphatha okudala isimo esiphambene esikoleni noma okuphazamisa inqubo yemfundo.
  • Izimfuneko zokubika:[ AmaZwe anjenge-New York afuna izikole zokwazisa abazali kokubili isisulu nonohluku lwesikhathi esithile. Abanye bayala ukuba izisebenzi zasesikoleni zisole abaphathi be-inthanethi noma ukugcinwa komthetho.
  • Imiphumela engathi shubistiki: Izipho zisukela ekungeneleni okusekelwe esikoleni (ukuphakamisa, ukululeka) ekumangalelweni kwecala elibi, njengalapho ukuqinela kuhilela ukusongela, ukuphanga, noma izithombe ezingcolile zezingane.
  • Imfundo yokususa: Ezinye izifundazwe zidinga izikole ukuba zifake ukuqapha kwe-inthanethi ezifundweni, zifundise abafundi nge-inthanethi nemiphumela yokuhlukunyezwa nge-intanethi.

Izibonelo Zombuso Ziyasondela

ICalifornia: Ikhodi lemfundo likahulumeni lichaza ngokucacile ukuthi i-inthanethi iwuhlobo lokuqinela abanye ontanga noma ngaphandle kwegceke. Izikole kumelwe zihlanganise ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi ezimelene nezimiso zayo ezilwa nomthetho futhi zingabanqanda abafundi noma zibaxoshe ngenxa yokuziphatha okubi kakhulu. ICalifornia yamisa futhi umthetho “okwenza izivumelwano zezentengiselwano phakathi kontanga nokwehlukana kontanga, isici esivamile sezenzo eziyingozi ze-inthaneti.

: iTexas Code Penal 7642.07 ikwenza kube yi-Classing B disemorector amacala okuqala kanye nesigaba esinephutha ekuphuleni okulandelayo. Umthetho uhlanganisa ngokukhethekile nezinsongo ezenziwe ngokuxhumana ngemishini nangokuzingela ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe. Izifunda zidingeka ukwamukela imithetho enqabela ukuxhaphaza abanye nokusebenzisa i-inthambi ye-inthanethi kanye nokubika izenzakalo zezehlakaniselo yezemfundo yase-Texas.

New York: Isithunzi sazo zonke izifundi Act (DASA) sinqabela ukuhlukunyezwa nobandlululo ezikoleni, kuhlanganise ne-inthanethi. U-DASA, izikole kumelwe zihlole yonke imibiko futhi ziphoqelele izenzo zokujezisa. Ukulungisa okudingekayo kwezikole ezihlanganisa izikole ze-inthanetha ezisemithethweni yazo yokuziphatha nokutshela abazali ngezenzakalo ezibikwayo phakathi nezinsuku ezimbili. INew York futhi inemithetho ye-inthanethi ekhuluma ngezenzo ezisebenza kubantu abadala abahlasela ngokuphindaphindiwe ngogesi.

Florida: I-Jeffrey Johnston Stand Up for All Students Act ifuna izifunda ukuba zithathe izinqubo ezivimbela ukuqinelwa nokuphathwa kabi, kuhlanganise nokuhlasela nge-inthanethi. Umthetho uchaza i-inthaneti njengokusetshenziswa kwezokuxhumana ngemishini ukuze ibangele ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ukwesaba ukulimala komzimba. IFlorida futhi iphoqa izijeziso zobugebengu “i-i-inthaktrobhubhuli engcolile” uma isisulu siyingane esincane futhi isihluku esingabantu abadala besebenzisa i-computer noma imishini ukuze ibangele ukuhlukunyelwa.

I - Illinois: I-Anti-Harassment Order Act yase-Illinois ivumela izisulu zokukhuluma nge-inthanethi, kuhlanganise ne-inthanethi, ukuthola uhlelo lwesizwe lokuvikela umhlukumezi. Lokhu kunikeza inqubo engokomthetho ezisulu ukuba zifune usizo ngaphandle kwesimiso somthetho womthetho wobugebengu. Izikole e-Illinois kumele zifake i-illinois ezimithethweni zazo ezimelene nemithetho elwa nomthetho yezesayensi yezemfundo futhi zibike izenzakalo ezisebhodini yezemfundo kahulumeni.

Inkinga Yokusebenza Ngokuphanga

Nakuba imithetho kahulumeni ibalulekile, ukuhlukana kwazo kudala izinselele. Umfundi ofunda nge-inthanethi ngesikhathi eseholidini kwelinye izwe angase angathotyelwa imithetho efana neyasekhaya. Izinhlangano zomthetho eziqaphayo ngokuvamile azinazo izimali zokulandela amacala anqamulene necala, futhi abashushisi bangase bangabaze ukuletha izikhalo uma ukuziphatha kungangekho ngokomthetho osobala ongokomthetho kazwelonke. Lomphumela owenziwe nge-injini uye waholela ekubizeni kwesiqondiso sikahulumeni esiqinile, kodwa kuze kube manje iSishaya - mthetho siye sazindela ezindaweni.

Indima Yezikole Ekusebenziseni Imithetho Engekho

Izikole zivame ukuba umsuka ophambili womthetho omelene ne-cyberbulican, ikakhulukazi uma kuhileleke izingane. Ngenxa yokuthi amazwe amaningi afuna izikole ukuba zisungule izinqubo futhi zihlole izenzakalo, othisha nabaphathi baye baba abadlali abagxekayo eqenjini lezemithetho. Nokho, izikole kumelwe zilinganisele umsebenzi wazo wokuvikela abafundi ngamalungelo omthetho omthetho wokukhuluma ngokukhululekile.

Ukumangalelwa Kwesikole Ngenxa Yokungakhulumi Ngecala

ISichibiyelo Sokuqala silinganisela izinga izikole ezingajezisa ngalo abafundi ngokukhuluma nge-campus, kuhlanganise nokusebenzisa i-inthanethi. Isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme sa 2021 [ku- iMahanoy Areat School District v. B.L.[[FL:1] zathi izikole azinakuyala abafundi ngenkulumo engekho emthethweni ngaphandle kokuba zibangele ukuphazamisa okukhulu esikoleni noma ukuhlasela amalungelo abanye. Lesi sinqumo siye senza izikole zibe nzima kakhulu ukuba zilwe ngokumelene ne-inthaneti eyenzeka ngemva kwamahora esikole noma emithonjeni yomuntu siqu, ngisho noma ukuhlukunyezwa kuhlasela umfundi ofunda naye.

Naphezu kwalokhu, imithetho eminingi yombuso idlulisela ngokucacile amandla esikole ekuvimbeleni ukuziphatha kwe-campanus okuhambisana nendinganiso eqinile. Izikole ziye zasabela ngokugxila ekuvimbeleni, ekulungiseni inqubo yobulungisa, nasekubikeni izindlela zokusebenza esikhundleni sezinyathelo zokuzijezisa. Eminye iye yasebenzisa imigqa engaziwa namathuluzi okuhlola amanani, nakuba lokhu kuphakamisa izinkathazo zemfihlo.

Uthisha Nokuqeqesha Abasebenzi

Ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuba othisha baqonde ukuhlukahluka kwemithetho kahulumeni. Izifunda eziningi ziyala othisha ukuba baqeqeshelwe indlela yokuqaphela ukuqapha nge-inthanethi, ukusabela emibhalweni, nokuvikela amathuba ezindaba zomuntu siqu zabafundi. Ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okunjalo, imithetho ihlala ingaqondakali futhi ingaphoqelelwe. Izinhlelo ezinjenge-Olweus Bulling Prevention Program ne Center for Save and Reservation Internet Use inikeza izikole ezisekelwe ebufakazi obusekelwe kumthetho kahulumeni.

Ukubika Neqoqo Lokwaziswa

Ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphumelela kwemithetho emelene ne-cyberbul, izifunda zidinga izikole ukuba ziqoqe futhi zibike imininingwane ngezenzakalo. UMnyango Wezemfundo ye-Civil Affaial Data Collection (CRDC) ukhuthaza ukuhlukunyezwa nokuhlukunyezwa ezikoleni zomphakathi, kuhlanganise ne-inthaneti. Nokho, ukubika okungaphunywa kuseyinkinga, njengoba abafundi ngokuvamile bengafuni ukuqhubekela phambili ngenxa yokwesaba ukuziphindisela noma ukudumazeka.

Izinselele Ekusebenziseni Imithetho Yokuhlukunyezwa Nge - Internet

Naphezu kwentuthuko, kusekhona izithiyo ezinkulu ezimelene nokusetshenziswa kwe - Internet.

Impikiswano yeJurisdiction ne-Inter-State

I-Internet ayiwuhloniphi umthetho. Umphangi waseNew York angahlupha isisulu eCalifornia esebenzisa isiphakeli esisezweni sesithathu. Abashushisi kumelwe banqume ukuthi yiliphi igunya elinegunya, futhi ukuphishekela amacala ngokuvamile kudinga ukubambisana phakathi kwezinhlangano eziningi zokugcinwa komthetho. Iminyango emincane yamaphoyisa ingase intule ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola amacala anjalo, okuholela ekuncipheni kwezinga eliphakeme.

Isivikelo Sokukhuluma

ISichibiyelo Sokuqala sivikela izinhlobonhlobo zenkulumo edelelayo, ecasulayo, ngisho nenenzondo. Imithetho evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kumelwe igweme ngokucophelela ukugxambukela ezigabeni ezivikelweyo. Ngokwesibonelo, umthetho owenqabelayo ukuthi “ukukhishwa kwe-” amazwi kungase kushaywe njengeminingi. Izinkantolo ziye zafuna ukuba imithetho engekho nge-inthanethi ihlanganise izici zenhloso, ukuphindaphinda, noma ukulimala okungokoqobo ukuze kudlulise ukuhlangana komthetho. Le-interropeal isho ukuthi imithetho eminingi eqinile iye yamisa imithetho ehlanganisa amacala anzima kakhulu kuphela, ishiya ukuziphatha okungaqinile kodwa okungasalimazangakholeki.

Ubuchwepheshe Obushintshayo Nokungaqondakali

I-inthanethi ezise-inthanethi zishintsha njalo. Okwake kwaba yinkinga enkulu engosini yezokuxhumana nasekuthumeleni imiyalezo ngokushesha kuye kwakhula kwaya kumagumbi okuxoxa, izinhlelo ezibhalwe ngokufingqiwe njenge-Signal ne-Telegram, kanye nokubhala nge-ephemeral kwi-Snapchat. Ukuqikelelwa komthetho kuzama ukuhambisana nalokhu kushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulandisa okungaziwa kanye nama-plunte kwenza kube nzima ukuhlukanisa abaphakeli, futhi amapulatifomu angashenwa ukusabela kuma-popoen ukuze athole ukwaziswa komsebenzisi.

Izithiyo Zokuphoqelela Nokuvimbela Imithombo

Ngisho noma imithetho isezincwadini, ukugcinwa kwemithetho akufani. Izikhulu zezezimali zasesikoleni namaphoyisa endawo kungase kungakuqedi ukuqeqeshwa ekuhloleni imishini. Amahhovisi esigodi ngokuvamile abeka phambili ubugebengu bobudlova emacaleni angewona awokuhlukumeza ngokomzimba. Izisulu zingashiywa ngaphandle kokucela usizo, ikakhulukazi uma ukuziphatha kungena emacaleni obugebengu. Amakhambi omphakathi, njengokuvimbela iziyalezo noma ukumangalela, akhona kodwa angabiza futhi abangele ukukhubazeka ngokomzwelo.

Indima Yezinkampani Zezokuxhumana Nezokuxhumana Nezobuchwepheshe

Nakuba umthetho ugxila kubantu ngabanye abahlaselayo, ukwakha iziteshi kuyi - Internet kunendima ebalulekile ekusizeni noma ekuvimbeleni ukusetshenziswa kwe - Internet.

Ingxenye 230 yeNkathi Yokuxhumana Yokukhipha Umthetho isivikelo esisezinhlongeni esibangela ukuba izihloko eziku-omsethi zifakwe. Lesi sivikelo esingokomthetho siye saba isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani amapulatifomu engabhekani nokumangalelwa okukhulu ngenxa yokuqulwa kwe-inthanetha yomphakathi. Nokho, futhi kusho ukuthi amapulatifomu awadingeki ngokomthetho ukususa zonke izinto eziyingozi; enza kanjalo kuphela lapho ephula izimfuneko zawo zenkonzo noma lapho ebhekene nokucindezela komphakathi.

Iphendula ngokuthi, ezinye izifundazwe ziye zazama ukulawula ukuziphatha kwesikhulumi ngokuqondile. Ngokwesibonelo, iAppropriate Design Code Code enkantolo (ivinjelwe inkantolo) yayiyodinga amapulatifomu ukuze kubekwe indawo eyimfihlo nesivikelo sezingane ngokwephutha. Ezinye iziphakamiso ziye zafuna ukuhlela i-Cult 230 yezokuvikela i-protecture ezindaweni zomphakathi ukuba ikwazi ukuhlukanisa i-inthanethi. Kuwo hulumeni, izikweleti ezinjenge-EARN IT Act ne-CSCS Online Safety Act (KOA) zisungulwe kodwa azikadlulisiwe.

Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ngokwazo ziye zasungula amathuluzi okulwa nokuhlukunyezwa, njengokuhlungwa okuyinhloko, izinhlu zohlu, nokuthola ulimi olusekelwe ku-Al. Uhlelo lwe-Meta “I-Grain” luvumela abasebenzisi ukuba banciphise ukuxhumana ngaphandle kokuvimbela, futhi u-Tik Tok usebenzisa izimiso ezizimo-otho ukuze kususwe izinkulumo ezinenzondo. Lezi zinyathelo ziyasiza, kodwa azisona isithathelo sokugcinwa komthetho.

Umbono Wezizwe Zonke Nokuqhathaniswa

Amanye amazwe aye athatha izindlela ezihlukene zomthetho we-inthanethi. I-United Kingdom’s Malalial Communitions Act ne- Protection of Advenety Act ivumela ukuquliswa kwecala lokuxhashazwa kwe-intanethi. I-UK ifuna futhi izikole zibe nezimiso ezimelene nomthetho futhi isungule “Umthetho we-Orline Safety Act owenzela ukuba uvikele abasebenzisi eziteshini zezokuxhumana ukuze bavikeleke ekulimaleni.

I-Networkment Act yaseJalimane (NetzDG) idinga iziteshi ukuze kususwe inkulumo yenzondo engekho emthethweni kanye nesimiso sosizo lwe-inthanethi phakathi namahora angu-24 noma ibhungane elikhulu. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi lokhu kuholela ekusebenziseni ngokweqile, kodwa abasekeli bathi kuphoqelela ukuba iqophelo. Imithetho yezemthetho ye-Creanger ihlanganisa amalungiselelo okumelene nokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi, futhi izifundazwe eziningi ziye zamisa imithetho evumela izisulu ukuba zifakelwe icala noma zifune iziyalezo zokuvikela i-intanethi.

I-Union’s Digital Services Act (DSA), eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-2024, iphoqelela izimfuneko eziqinile ezisesitejini esikhulu ukuba kuhlolwe futhi kuncitshiswe izingozi zesimiso sokwenza izinto, kuhlanganise nokusebenzisa i-inthanethi nokuhlukunyezwa. Ngaphansi kwe-DSA, amapulatifomu kumelwe anikeze izindlela ezicacile ukuze abasebenzisi babike okuqukethwe okungekho emthethweni futhi bafanelwe yiziyalezo zangaphandle. Lezi zibonelo zomhlaba zinganikeza izifundo kumthetho we-U.S.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo Nemikhuba Eyanqwabelana

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bushintsha futhi ukuqapha kwezenhlalo kukhula, cishe imithetho elawula i - Internet izoqhubeka ishintsha.

  • Ukuhileleka okukhuliswe kakhulu kukahulumeni: ukucindezela kuyakhula ukuze iziKhomishane zidlulisele umthetho obanzi omelene ne-cyberbulal ozonikeza izindinganiso zesizwe, ikakhulukazi emacaleni ahilela izingane. I-“Cyberbullish Prevention Act” ehlotshaniswe ukuthi iphinde yabuyiselwa ezimisweni eziningi kodwa ayikathuthuki.
  • Facus ekuhlukunyezweni okujulileyo kanye nokune-AI-generated: Amathuluzi e-II angenza amavidiyo enkohliso, amazwi, nezithombe ezisetshenziswa ekusebenziseni i-inthanethi nezithombe ezingcolile zobulili eziphindiselayo. Abaqondisi-mthetho baqala ukuxoxa ngemifako engekho-mfashini, kanye nezinye izifundazwe ezidlulisa imithetho emelene nokusakazwa kwazo. Isithakazelo se-Federal sikhula ngokufanayo.
  • Amalungelo okuzingela nobugebengu obuzondelwayo: Ukuqamba amanga abantu abahloselwe ukuhlasela ngenxa yobuhlanga, inkolo, ubulili, noma indlela yobulili engamangalelwa ngemithetho yobugebengu ehambisana nenzondo. Izigaba eziningi ziye zandisa izijeziso zokusetshenziswa kobandlululo lwe-inthanethi, futhi imithetho yenzondo kahulumeni ingasebenza uma ukuhlukunyezwa kuhilela ukusongela noma ubudlova.
  • Ukukhipha isijeziso: ngokukhulayo, ochwepheshe basekela ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlelo zobulungisa nemfundo ye-inthanethi ye-octal kunesijeziso sobugebengu kuphela. Izwe elinjengoMaine noVermont liye lagcizelela kakhulu ukungenela kwemfundo, liqaphela ukuthi intsha eningi ihileleke ekusebenziseni i-inthanetha ngaphandle kokuqonda ithonya layo.
  • i-pass yobuso bobuso kanye nesivikelo sabafundi:[ Njengoba izikole ziqoqa ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngokuziphatha komfundi, imibuzo ephathelene nemfihlo nokuqapha iqala ukuphuthuma kakhulu. Imithetho yesikhathi esizayo ingadinga ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwe-software yokuhlola kanye namalungelo abafundi ukuze bakhululeke ekuphazanyisweni okungadingekile.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlasela kwe-cyberbulgia kanye nokuhlasela nge-intanethi kuyizinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezimelana namakhambi angokomthetho alula. Izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni ziye zaba abashayeli bokuqala bemithetho emelene ne-cyberbul, zakha izingcezu ezihlukahlukene kodwa ezihlukene. Imithetho ye-Frederal inikeza amathuluzi abalulekile emacala anzima kodwa ishiya izikhawu eziningi. Izikole, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, nokuqikelelwa komthetho kunyaka ngamunye udlala indima ebalulekile, kodwa ukubambisana kuseyinselele.

Ukuqhubekela phambili, abakhi bezimiso kuyodinga ukulinganisela ukugqamisana kwenkululeko nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuvikela abantu abasengozini, ikakhulukazi abancane. Ukuhlaziya izincazelo ezingokomthetho zobuchwepheshe obusha, ukuthuthukisa imithombo yokusebenza kwamandla, nokuthuthukisa ukubambisana ezikhungweni zombuso kuyoba okubalulekile. Nakuba kungekho mthetho ongaqeda ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthaneti ngokuphelele, umthetho onengqondo unganciphisa ukudlondlobala kwazo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izisulu zinezindlela zokulungisa. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo kwalemithetho kubonisa isibopho somphakathi sokwenza umhlaba ube ngcono kuwo wonke umuntu.

[[FLT: 0] Imithombo yezentengiselwano: Kumthetho wamuva wamanje kahulumeni nombuso, vakashelani i-Conference yesizwe ye-State Legistratures Cybilibilibility ikhasi. Umnyango wezempilo noMnyango woLuntu ulondoloza isiqondiso esibanzi [[[FLT:] [FLT]] i-BEC.v. Ukuhlola okungokomthetho izindaba ezicathulwe nge-inthaka, kuhlola [[FLT:][FLT]] [FLT:]] [FLT] [FLT]]. Ulwazi mayelana noMthetho womthetho womthetho we-AD [FLT]