Ukuqonda indlela izikole zomphakathi ezixhaswa ngayo ngezimali kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile kungaqondwa ngokungeyikho kwesimiso semfundo sase-U.S. kubazali, othisha, namalungu omphakathi, bazi ukuthi ivelaphi imali nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ngokuqondile kuthinta izinga lemfundo etholwa yizingane zabo. Kulesiqondiso esinwetshiwe, sinciphisa izintsalela eziyinkimbinkimbi zemali yesikole somphakathi, sihlola iziteshi eziphikelelayo, futhi sinikeze izinyathelo ezicacile zokukhuthaza imithombo engcono esifundeni senu.

Isisekelo: Yini Exhasa Isikole Somphakathi?

Izimali zesikole somphakathi zibhekisela ezikoleni zezimali ezabelwe i-K -12 yohulumeni abaphethe, abaphethe nohulumeni bendawo. Lemali ihlanganisa yonke into ephuma emaholo othisha nasezindaweni zokuhamba zekilasi kuya ekunakekeleni nasekuthutheni. Ngokungafani nezikole zomphakathi ezizimele noma zomthetho, izikole zomphakathi zikhululekile futhi zithembele cishe ngokuphelele emalini kahulumeni. Ingqikithi yemali ekhokhwayo yaminyaka yonke yezakhiwo zomphakathi nesekhondali edlula ama - dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-700 (amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-4), okuzenza kube ngenye yezigaba ezinkulu zemali kahulumeni.

Umlando Omfushane Wokuxhasa Isikole

Isimiso semfundo yomphakathi waseMelika sakhiwa ngokulawula kwendawo. Ngekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwele-20, imiphakathi yaxhasa izikole cishe kuphela ngentela yendawo. Lokhu kwadala izinhlobonhlobo ezijulile: amadolobha acebile ayengathenga izikole ezihlome kahle, kuyilapho izigodi zasemaphandle noma zasedolobheni zazilwa. Ikhulu lama-20 leminyaka labona ohulumeni bethatha indima enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwezenkantolo ezivelele ezinjenge [[FLT:] Serrano v. Umpristi eCalifornia (1971] futhi i-Intelligest School School comfontry [untection] i-Intelligest v. Rodriguez[FLT][12][12][7]). Lokhu kunquma ukuphoqesha ikheli lokuhlola i-extialgiontial exmong.[Fodmian )

Izimiso ze-Core: Adequaric v. Equcy

Izimpikiswano zezimali zanamuhla ezimbili eziyinhloko zisekelwe ezingxabanweni zezimali. Adequcy ibuza: “Ingabe ingqikithi yemali eyanele ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokufundisa?” [ ikhona[ ibuza: “Imali yabelwe kahle kakhulu ukuze bonke abafundi babe nethuba lokuphumelela?” Imizamo eminingi yamanje yenguquko ifuna ukulinganisela kokubili, ngokuvamile ngokuqondisa imithombo yezwe ezindaweni ezinezinga eliphezulu lobumpofu, idinga imfundo ekhethekile, noma abafundi besiNgisi.

Izindlali Ezintathu Ze - Funding: Izwe Lasendaweni, Isifundazwe, iFederal

Imali yesikole somphakathi isuka emithonjeni emithathu ehlukene. Izinga layo liyahlukahluka ngokwesilinganiso, imithombo yendawo inikeza i-45%, imithombo yesifunda cishe 47%[, kanye [[FLT] ne [FLT] imithombo engaphezulu cishe engu 8% yemali esekelwe kuyo. Ungqimba ngalunye luza ngemithetho yalo, izinto eziza kuqala, nezinselele.

Ukuxhasa Kwendawo: Ifa Lentela Yempahla

Imali enikezwa ngokuyinhloko isuka ku- yentela efanelekile iqoqwe phakathi kwemingcele yesifunda sesikole. Ngenxa yokuthi amanani empahla ahlukile kakhulu phakathi kwezindawo ezisenkabeni, isikole esisendaweni enenani eliphakeme le-885 000 singanyusa imali engaphezu kweyodwa endaweni ephansi yekhulu lama-359.Njengoba uma kokubili intela ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, isifunda esinenani lezemidiyana elingu-R30,000 singaveza u-200,000 ngomfundi ngentela yempahla, kanti isifunda esingumakhelwane esingangenisa u-R3 000 kuphela ku-R4 000 (R1 000) kumfundi ngamunye.

Ezinye izifundazwe zivumela abavoti ukuba bavumele ukukhokhwa noma izibopho ezengeziwe zendawo, zivuse igebe phakathi kwezifunda ezicebile nezimpofu.

Ukuxhasa Kwezwe: Ama - fomula Nezindawo Ezinesisindo

Ohulumeni basakaza izimali zemfundo ngezindlela zokusungula noma izilinganiso ezinzima zemali yabafundi [. Izimiso ze-fax ziqinisekisa imali eyisisekelo yomfundi ngamunye, nombuso ufihla umehluko phakathi kwemali yendawo kanye nesisekelo sesisekelo. Izindlela zokwenezela imali eyengeziwe kubafundi abanezidingo ezikhethekile (*] njengalabo abampofu, abafundi abangamaNgisi, noma abafundi abakhubazekile. Nokho, izinhlelo eziningi zikahulumeni ziphelelwe isikhathi noma zincitshiswe ngokwezombangazwe, ziholela ekusebenziseni ikhefu ngaphansi kwezindawo ezimpofu.

Inani elandayo lezifunda liye laya ekwabiweni okusekelwe ku-, lapho imali ilandela khona ingane noma kusiphi isikole somphakathi efunda kuso. Abasekeli bathi lokhu kwandisa ukuvumelana nezimo; abagxeki baphikisa ukuthi kungalimaza izikole ngezindleko ezimisiwe noma ngabafundi abaningi abadinga kakhulu. Ukuqonda indlela ekhethekile kahulumeni wakho − kaningi kutholakala ngomnyango wezwe wakho wemfundo.

Ukuxhasa Kwezimali: Kuhlosiwe Kodwa Kulinganiselwe

Uhulumeni unikeza cishe u-88610% wemali yesikole somphakathi, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlelo ezinjenge- Isihloko I (ukusekela izikole ezinezilinganiso zobumpofu obuphakeme), izimali ezinamagebengu akhubazekile emfundo (IDEA)[FLT] , kanye ne[FLT] National Lunch program yeSikole . Imali ye-FURL iboshelwe kakhulu ezinjondweni ezithile futhi ayinakusetshenziswa ukuthatha indawo yezwe noma i-R110. Nakuba isihloko ngisize izikhala ezincane, abagxeki qaphela ukuthi ukuxhasa kwayo amathuba anele, futhi ukuqondisa kwezindawo zendawo.

Indlela Ukusakaza Okungakhokhwa Ngayo Ngempela Okusebenzayo (Futhi Isizathu Sokuba Kungalingani)

Ngisho noma kusekelwa uhulumeni nohulumeni, ukusakazwa kwemali yesikole somphakathi kuhlala kungenakulinganiswa kakhulu. Umbiko ka-2021 ovela kuyi-Education Trust wathola ukuthi izifunda eziphakeme kakhulu ezingu-3,000 [izifunda ezisathola] zingaphansi komfundi ngamunye [ kunezifunda eziphansi kakhulu zesifundazwe lonke. Makhe sihlole abakhemishini abangemva kwalokhu.

Indima Yezici Zezindleko

Izifunda ezinenani elikhulu lobumpofu zibhekene nezindleko eziphakeme zokusebenza. Zingadinga izisebenzi ezisekelayo (abaphathi, izisebenzi zezenhlalakahle, ochwepheshe bokufunda), kumelwe zinikeze ukudla kwamahhala, futhi zivame ukulwa nezakhiwo ezindala ezidinga ukunakekelwa okubizayo. Okwamanje, izifunda ezicebile zingaqondisa imali eyengeziwe ekucebiseni `imishini, ezobuchwepheshe, izifundo ezithuthukile, nangemva kwesikole. Lokhu kwakha isimo lapho abafundi abadinga kakhulu badinga khona okuncane kakhulu.

Ukunakekela Imfundo Ehlukahlukene Ekoleni: Ukuhlolisisa

Izifunda eziningi zisebenzisa i-fashoni exubile. Ngokwesibonelo, inzuzo yendawo iqala ngokubalwa; bese kubekwa isimo “isilinganiselo” ngokugcwalisa igebe elinikeziwe ngokwenani elilinganayo. Kodwa isisulu sokulingana singabekwa ngezansi kwalokho okudingwayo ukuze kunikeze imfundo ephambili. Izindlela eziningi zokuxhasa imali zibuye zihlushwe“ukuthola amalungiselelo angenangozi”, avikela izifunda ezicebile ekulahlekelweni imali ngisho nalapho imfuyo isamba senyuka kakhulu.

Imfundo Ekhethekile Nabafundi BesiNgisi

Abafundi abakhubazekile nabanesiNgisi (ngesiNgisi) babiza kakhulu ukufundisa ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-5 kuya kwezimbili. Imali yokuqala i-Federal IDEA yayihloselwe ukuhlanganisa amaphesenti angu-40 alezi zindleko ezingeziwe, kodwa ayikafiki kulelozinga (avame ukuba ngu-15%). Izifunda eziningi zigcwalisa igebe, kodwa izifunda eziningi kumelwe zihlehlise imali kawonke ukuze zihlangabezane nezibopho ezingokomthetho, zisebenzise imithombo eyengeziwe yabo bonke abafundi.

Lokho Okushiwo Ukuxhasa Ikilasi Lomntwana Wakho

Izindaba zemali ezisemfundweni. Iminyaka engamashumi yokucwaninga, kuhlanganise nocwaningo oluphawulekayo oluvela kuyi-National Bureau of Economic Research ne-Scolery Dayers Memodials, kubonisa ukuthi imali eyandayo ("as) lapho isetshenziswa ngokuhlakanipha"iholela emiphumeleni engcono yabafundi: amamaki aphakeme okuhlola, amazinga okuthweswa iziqu aphakeme, kanye nemali engcono ethola imali ethatha isikhathi eside. Nansi indlela ukuxhasa ngezimali okuthinta ngayo okuhlangenwe nakho kwesikole sosuku lwengane yakho.

Ukuba Nolwazi Oluhle Nokuzimisela Kothisha

Intela yothisha ikhokhelwa ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yemali yesikole. Izikole ezikhokhela imali ephakeme zinganikeza iholo lokuncintisana, isayina amabhonasi, nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe . Ukunxenxa nokugcina [[FLT: 0], abafundisi abangenalwazi kakhulu. Izifunda ze-Low ← ezifuzene zivame ukulahlekelwa othisha kumakhelwane abacebile, okuphumela ekuthatheni indawo ephezulu futhi kuphumele izisebenzi ezingochwepheshe. Ukuhlolwa kweDiailog Policy Institute kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthisha uguqula umonakalo ekuphumeleni komfundi, ikakhulukazi ngezibalo nangokwezibalo.

Isigaba nokusekela

Imali eyanele ivumela amakilasi amancane, ukucwaninga okuhlanganisa imfundo engcono nemiphumela engcono yemfundo emakilasini angaphambili. Imali futhi isekela izisebenzi [_____abeluleki besikole, abahlengikazi, abaqeshi bezincwadi, nochwepheshe bobuchwepheshe. Ezikoleni ezingaphansi, umeluleki oyedwa angasiza a 500+ abafundi, ashiye isikhathi esincane sokusekela impilo yengqondo noma ukucebisa amakolishi.

Izindawo Nobuchwepheshe

Izakhiwo zesikole ezisezindaweni ezimpofu kakhulu zingavuza uphahla, zibe nezifudumezi eziphelelwe isikhathi, zingangeni kahle umoya, futhi zinganele ngokwanele ukuba zingene ezindaweni zokucwaninga noma zobuciko. Ukwehlukahluka kobuchwepheshe kwaqala ukubonakala phakathi nobhadane: abafundi abaningi babengenazo imishini noma i-intanethi ethembekile yokufunda. Ukuxhasa ngokuqondile kunquma ukuthi isikole singanikeza imishini yesimanje yokuhlola, imitapo yamathala yamaza e-"%to296, noma indawo ephephile, etholakalayo.

Imiphumela Yangempela Yomhlaba Yokungalingani

Igebe phakathi kwezikole ezivulekele kahle nezingakhokhelwanga kakhulu aliveli nje kuphela emalini — libangela umehluko obonakalayo emathubeni nasemiphumeleni yokuphila.

Amagebe Okuphumelela

Abafundi abasemasifundani aphansi abathola imali ephansi njalo bathola ukuthi isilinganiso sokuhlolwa kwezwe (NAEP) futhi banezinga eliphansi lokuthweswa iziqu zasesikoleni esiphakeme. Nakuba imali iyodwa ingenakuxazulula zonke izithiyo zezenhlalo, kuyisici esidingekayo. Ukuhlolwa kukaJackson, uJohnson, noPersco kwathola ukuthi ukuxhakamfulwa kwemali emali ngesilinganiso seshumi nambili leminyaka yesikole somphakathi kwaholela eholweni eliphakeme, emazingeni aphansi aphansi kakhulu, nasemakhulwini eminyaka emfundo eqeshiwe kakhulu, futhi kuphele ngeminyaka eminingi kakhulu ngemfundo ezingane zasemikhayeni ephansi ezwe e.

Ukusinda

Ezikoleni eziphambili, abafundi bayakwazi ukuthatha ubuciko, umculo, idrama, izilimi zangaphandle, amaqembu empikiswano, amaqembu ezifundo zezemfundo ehambe phambili, nezinhlelo zokugijima. Ezikoleni ezingaphansi kwe-69, leminikelo ivame ukusikwa ngokuphelele noma ikhona kuphela ngokuqoqa abazali. Lokhu kudala isimiso esingabonakali “sokuhamba” lapho i-zip ze-zip zinquma ukuthi bangaba nemfundo ecebile, bafunda noma bafunda imidlalo enzima.

Ukusekela Ukusekelwa Okungcono: Lokho Abazali Abangakwenza

Ukuqonda ukuxhasa imali kuyisinyathelo sokuqala; ukuthatha isinyathelo yilesibili, ngenhlanhla, abazali namalungu omphakathi banamathuluzi anamandla okuphoqelela ushintsho oluzokwenzeka — kokubili esifundeni nasesilinganisweni sikahulumeni.

Yazi Imali Yakho Yesigodi

Isifunda ngasinye sesikole somphakathi e-U.S. kudingeka sinyathelise imali yaso. Yiba khona emihlanganweni yebhodi yesikole yasendaweni yakini futhi ubuze imibuzo: Imali yethu ivelaphi? Sisebenzisa malini kumfundi? Zingakanani izigaba ezinkulu zezindleko? Imali esiyisebenzisayo ilingana kanjani nezifunda eziseduze? Ama-website anjenge-[FLD:0] SchooundFaingFairnes. org inikeza i-data yesifunda sezwe ukukusiza nina i-partmark.

Hlanganyela Noma Ube Yiqembu Eliyiqembu Eliyisekela

Umzali wendawo (PTOs/PTAs) amaphuzu okuqalisa angokwemvelo, kodwa ungabuye uxhumane nemifelandawo efana ne- i-National Education Association communites, Yima Izezingane [, noma i-Imfundo Trust[[. Lamaqembu anikeza amathuluzi, ukucwaninga, nomthetho ukuze uxhumane imikhankanti.

Khuluma Nabaphathi Bemithetho

Izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni zenza izinqumo ezinkulu kakhulu zezimali. Zibhale noma uzibize ngokucacile, ukwaziswa kubuza: “Ninake indlela enzima yokufundisa abafundi efuna imali eningi ezifundeni eziphakeme,” noma“ndisa ingxenye yezindleko zemfundo ekhethekile zikahulumeni.” Hlanganisani izinsuku zokuqashwa noma amahholo edolobha. Izindaba zomuntu siqu ezivela kubazali zinamandla, qhathanisela indlela ukuhoxa okunemali okuthinta ngayo isikole sengane yenu.

Yakha Intando Yezombangazwe

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuphambanisa abazali okuphumelela kakhulu kwenzeka emphakathini. Ukuhlela ama-fourmi ahlelelwe umphakathi, ukubhala ama-opóde ephephandaweni lendawo, noma ukwenza isikole esixhasa i-Facebook iqembu. Uma abavoti beqonda ukuthi ukuhlukanisa impahla thola izikole kudala izikole ezilinganayo, bangasekela uhulumeni ezihlela ukulungisa intela noma izilinganiso zesibopho ezihloselwe ukuthatha i-equite. Cabangela ukusebenza nesifunda sakho ukuze ufake isicelo senkokhelo kahulumeni njenge-[[FLT: 0] IV (Isekela ne-Platemplifice and Academic Reformationmentation)

Bheka Phambili: Ikusasa Lokuxhasa Isikole

Ingxoxo ehlobene nokuxhasa imali yesikole somphakathi iyashintsha. Izindawo eziningi ziye zamukela “ubufakazi” obusekelwe kuphawu lokuxhasa imali edingeka ukuze kufinyelelwe izindinganiso zikahulumeni, bese kwabe sekuhlelwa imali. Ezinye izinguquko zihlanganisa“imfundo eziphakathi” ngokwezimali, okunika abaphathi besikole ithuba eliqinile, kanye“ namasu okusizana kwemiphakathi ukuze kuzuze impilo, umphakathi, kanye nezinkonzo zomkhaya ezisekelwe emagcekeni esikoleni, okusekela inzuzo.

Kukhona futhi isithakazelo esikhulayo ezinguqulweni zesimiso sikahulumeni, kuhlanganise nokwandisa isiHloko I ne-IDEA ngokwezimali, ukwenza “isiqinisekiso sesizwe sokuqapha,” noma ukusebenzisa uhulumeni ukuba uqhubele izikhungo ekusakazeni ngokulunga. Nokho, ngenkambiso yemfundo elawulwa kakhulu yizwe, ushintsho olunemiphumela eminingi luyoqhubeka lwenzeka endlu kahulumeni.

Isiphetho: Indima Yakho Ekudaleni Izikole Ezifanele

Ukuxhasa kwesikole kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa iqiniso eliyisisekelo lilula: uma izikole zinemithombo eziyidingayo, abafundi bephumelela. Njengomzali noma ilungu lomphakathi, unamandla okufunda imininingwane, ukubuza imibuzo enzima, futhi usekela abafundi abadinga ukusekelwa okukhulu. Ukuxhasa ngemali akuyona isisekelo esicatshangelwayo esiyisisekelo sekusasa lengane ngayinye. Ngokuhlala ufundile futhi uthembise, ungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi isikole somntwana wakho sithola ithuba elilinganayo lokuphumelela.