Isingeniso: Uhulumeni Ulawula Imiphumela Yendawo Ezungezile

Isimiso sendawo ezungezile kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthonywa kakhulu izinyathelo zokulawula eziklanywe futhi zisetshenziswe ngaphansi kwazo. Ukubusa kwe-("isimiso semithetho, izinhlangano, nemikhuba okusetshenziswa ngayo amandla ) . Kuchaza indlela okubekwa ngayo kuqala indawo ezungezile, indlela izinqumo ezenziwa ngayo, nendlela izimiso eziphoqelelwe ngayo. Kusukela ezivumelwaneni zembulunga yonke ze-Paris Accordingments kwimithetho elinganayo yomoya wendawo, ukuphumelela kwezenzo zendawo ezungezile engokwezisekelo zezombangazwe eziyisekelayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela idemocrici yentando yeningi, ingxube, ingxube, izinhlobonhlobo, izimpawu zokulawula indawo ezungezile, ukuvikela, amandla, nokuhweba, nokusebenza okungoko ekwakhelwa esimisweni ngasinye.

Ukuqonda lokhu kungafani kubalulekile kubenzi bemithetho, abashisekeli bemithetho nezakhamuzi abafuna ukuklama amasu aphumelelayo ekusasa elizolondolozwa.

Ukubusa Ngentando Yeningi: Ukuhlanganyela, Ukubona Izindawo Ngokubona Naphezu Kokulandisa

Ezimisweni zentando yeningi, isimiso sendawo ezungezile silolongwa yinhlanganisela yezinqubo zomthetho, ukuthatha isinyathelo emphakathini, ukuqondisa kokwahlulela, nokuhlola kwezezindaba okukhululekile. Izakhamuzi, amaqembu anezithakazelo, namaqembu okuphikiswa kungathonya isimiso ngokhetho, ukubuza umphakathi, izicelo, nezinselele ezingokomthetho. Lokhu kuveza imingcele yendawo ezungezile eqinile nesobala, kodwa futhi kungaphumela ekuthatheni isinqumo ngokushesha ngenxa yesidingo sokuvumelana nokuhlehla.

Isekelwe kumthengisi ngokuhambisana nomyalo-no-Control kufikela

Ohulumeni bedemokrasi bavame ukusebenzisa ukuxubana kwamathuluzi esimiso. iziqondiso zoMyalo nomthetho wokulawula . Njengemingcele yokukhipha, izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezinto eziyingozi . Ukwenza izisulu ezicacile kodwa zingaqina. Ngokungafani, amathuluzi asekelwe ephepheni afana nentela yekhabhonobon, i-papy-trade, kanye nezimiso zohlaza oluhlaza, kwenza izisusa zezomnotho zenjwayeko nempumelelo. I-Eunion Union’s Trading Sy System (EUTS) iyisibonelo esivelele sokusebenza kwezentengo eyehlise ukukhisa imboni lapho ivumela ukushintshashintsha izinhlelo zezemboni. I-democractic izinhlelo ezinjalo zibuye zilungiseke futhi zilungise umsebenzi womphakathi.

Izibonelo Eziphawulekayo Zentando Yeningi: I - European Union Ne - United States

I- ye-EUPAN Union ibeka isibonelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi kwezentando yeningi enkambisweni yendawo ezungezile. I-European Commission imisa umthetho, iPhalamende ne-Council ye-European, futhi isebenzisa iziqondiso. I-Green Enter ye-EU ihlose ukwenza i-Europe ibe izwekazi lokuqala le-neutral ngo-2050, isekelwe yizisulu ezibophaka kakhulu, ukusekela okukhulu kwezenhlalakahle yezemvelo, nokuhlola intuthuko yasikhathi sonke. Ukusekela umphakathi kwezenzo zezemvelo kuhlala kuphakeme emazweni amaningi e-EU, kucindezela abaholi bezombangazwe ukuba balondoloze imigomo efuna inzuzo.

iUnited States inikeza umbono ohlukene kakhulu. Imithetho yendawo ezungezile enjenge-Cease Air Act ne-Ceafter Water Act imise izindinganiso zesizwe, kodwa imibuso inegunya elikhulu lokuyisebenzisa nokuyiphoqelela. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlukaniseni: ngokwesibonelo, iCalifornia, iye yamukela izimiso zesimo sezulu esinzima, kuyilapho amanye amazwe aye amelana nemithetho kahulumeni. Inqubo yentando yentando yeningi ivumela ukuguqulwa kwezimiso uma ukuqondisa kushintsha, ukudala, ukudala, i-U. i-U.S Environmental Protection Agement (EPA) inikeza isibonelo sokubonisa ukukhanya okuqhubekayo, ngokweziphetho zomphakathi nangamazwi engokwesayensi yokuhlola izinqumo.

Indima Yomphakathi Wasembusweni Neyomthonjeni

I-democratic ukubusa kunika amandla izinhlangano (NGOs) ezingezona ezohulumeni, abacwaningi bezemfundo, nezintatheli ukuba ziphendule ohulumeni. Ukusingiselwa kwendawo ezungezile amaqembu anjenge-Greenpeace, iWorld Wildlife Fund, ne-Sierra Club kungathonya, kungene, kungenele, futhi kufake umbono womphakathi. Imithombo yezindaba ezimele ifihla ukuchitheka kukawoyela ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi. . Lokhu kuphendula iziphathimandla: izimiso ezihluleka ukuveza imiphumela yokuhlola ubuso, nohulumeni abangazinaki izinsongosongelo zendawo ezungezile.

Nokho, izimiso zentando yeningi zingabanjwa futhi yizithakazelo eziphambili. Izimboni ze-fussil-muel nezinye izingxenye ezingcolisayo zingaba nethonya ngeminikelo yomkhankaso, ukunxusa, nokumisa kabusha indlu. Umphumela ungaba buthakathaka noma ubekezelelwe isikhathi, njengoba kubonakala ezimpikiswaneni eziqhubekayo zokulawula i-carbon crimestrime e-Australia nase Canada. Ngakho, ukuphumelela kwentando yeningi ezindabeni zendawo ezungezile kuxhomeke emandleni ezinhlangano zayo nasekuphaphakanyisweni kwezakhamuzi zayo.

Uhulumeni Onegunya: Ijubane nokulandisa

Imibuso yabaphathi imisa amandla aqinile, ilinganisela ukuthatha isinyathelo somphakathi nokungavumelani nomthetho. Lokhu kuvumela ukumiswa kwezimiso ngokushesha ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuxoxisana kwemithetho noma ukuhlola umphakathi. Ngokwenkolelo-lwazi, lokhu kungasheshisa isinyathelo esimayelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu [1] ngokwesibonelo, ngokwakha ngokushesha izakhiwo zamandla ezivuselelwayo noma ngokuvala amafektri akhuhlayo. Ekwenzeni, ukuntuleka kokubona kahle nokulandisa kuvame ukuholela ekungcoleni kwendawo ezungezile, njengoba ukukhula okufushane kwezomnotho kubhebhethekiselwa phambili ekulondolozweni kwemvelo.

Ukwenza Isinqumo Esicinene Nemiphumela Yaso

Ezimisweni zempoqo, isimiso sendawo ezungezile sivame ukumiswa yi-prince encane − ngokuvamile iqembu elilodwa, i-monarch, noma umkhandlu wezempi. Izinqumo zingathathwa ngemva kweminyango evalekile, ngokufakwa okuncane kososayensi, imiphakathi, noma ochwepheshe bendawo. Lokhu kungaveza izisulu eziphambili, kodwa ngaphandle kokuziqinisekisa okuzimele, ukugcinwa kwemithetho eqinile kubuthakathaka. Ngokwesibonelo, iChina iye yaba umfaki omkhulu kakhulu wegesi ezungeze ilanga nomoya, kodwa futhi iyaqhubeka ingumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wamagesi okufudumeza ukungcola. Ikhono likahulumeni lokuphoqelela ukulawulwa kokungcola liye lathuthuka eminyakeni yamuva, kodwa intuthuko ayilingani, futhi ukugcinwa kokukhishwa kwegesi nokugcinwa kwegesi nokugcinwa kwemithetho kuyakhanga ngezinye izikhathi.

Ngokufanayo, i-RUSSIA inemithombo yemvelo ebanzi nohulumeni ophakathi ongathi uhlela isimo sezulu. Nokho, umnotho waseRussia uncike kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kukawoyela negesi kwamanye amazwe, futhi abaholi bezombangazwe bebenqikaza ukuthatha isibopho sokukhipha izici ezijulile. Abashisekeli bendawo ezungezile babhekene nokuhlukunyezwa, futhi ukugawulwa kokuzimela kokungcoliswa kwezezimboni kulinganiselwe. Lokhu kubonisa indlela ukubusa kwezentengiselwano okuyingozi kwezentengiselwano okungandisa ngayo izakhiwo zezomnotho eziyingozi endaweni ezungezile uma izikhulu ezibusayo zinesithakazelo esizinakekelayo.

Abahwebi: Ukuchithwa Kwabantu Ngempoqo Ngaphandle Kokuvunyelwa Umphakathi

Imibuso elawulayo ingathatha izinqumo ezisheshayo emikhankasweni emikhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, icebo leSaudi Arabia i-Arabia 2030 lihlanganisa ukutshala imali eningi ngamandla avuselelwe, ngokwengxenye ukuze ihlukaniswe nowoyela. Ngaphandle kokuhlola komphakathi, lemisebenzi ingaqhubekela phambili ngezikhathi eziqinile. Ngokufanayo, iBelt ne Road Initives yaseChina ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi ethinta indawo ezungezile, kodwa ithumela amazwe ngokuvamile antula indawo yezombangazwe yokuxoxa ngezindlela ezingcono noma izivikeli eziphoqelelwe.

Nokho, ukungabikho kokulandisa ngentando yeningi kusho ukuthi imiphakathi ethinteka ngenxa yokungcoliswa, ukuthatha indawo, noma ukushenxiswa kwezindawo ayinandlela ephumelelayo. Izingozi zezezimboni, ukuchitheka kobuthi, nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuvame ukuvalwa. Ukulondolozwa isikhathi eside kuyantengantenga ngoba akukho nqubo yokuhlanganisa ulwazi lendawo noma ukuvumelanisa izimiso ezisekelwe ekutholeni imiphumela ekhona. Ukuphumelela kwesimiso sendawo esilawulayo kuhluka kakhulu futhi kuxhomeke kakhulu ezingeni eliphezulu zomthetho owesigaba esiphezulu.

Ukubusa Okuxubile Nokushintsha: Izindlela Ezixubile

Amazwe amaningi asebenza ngaphansi kwemibuso exubile ehlanganisa izici zentando yeningi nemithetho ebusa ngempoqo. Lamazwe angathatha okhetho kodwa anciphise ukuncintisana kwezombangazwe, alawule imithombo yezindaba, futhi avimbele umphakathi. Izimiso zawo zendawo ezungezile zibonisa lengxubevange: amanye ajabulela izinzuzo zokuhlanganyela komphakathi nokubusa komthetho, kuyilapho amanye ehlushwa ukwenza izinqumo okungaqondakali nokuphoqelela.

Izibonelo: IMalaysia, iSingapore neTurkey

I-Singore ivame ukukhonjwa njengesibonelo sesimiso esixubile esinemiphumela eqinile yendawo ezungezile. Uhulumeni uyikhonya kodwa ulondoloza izinga eliphakeme lokubona kude ekusetshenzisweni kwezimiso, uhlelo oluqinile olungokomthetho, nokuhlela isikhathi eside. ISingapore ikwazile ukubuyisela amanzi ngokunempumelelo, imigangatho yokwakha eluhlaza, kanye nentela yecarbon, konke lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kwezomnotho. Nokho, lempumelelo ngokwengxenye ibangelwa izinga elincane ledolobha nezwe eliyingqayizivele, futhi i-smowlective trans acuty ayikwazi ukuphindaphindeka kalula.

Amalaysia uhlanganisa ukhetho lwentando yeningi namandla amakhulu alawulayo kanye nokuvinjelwa kokuphikiswa. Isimiso sendawo ezungezile eMalaysia siye sagxekwa ngokumisa izihlahla zamafutha esundu nabezimboni abakhiqizi kulondolozo lwamahlathi. Nakuba ukubhikisha komphakathi nezinselele zomthetho kuye kwavala izakhiwo ezibhubhisayo, inkohlakalo nokuphoqelela okuqinile kuhlala kunezithiyo ezinkulu.

Isiphundu ngaphansi kukaMongameli Erdogayan uye wabona ukushintshwa kokubusa kwempoqo, ngokubekwa kwesimiso sokulawula nokuhlehla kwabashisekeli bendawo ezungezile. Ukuhoxa kwezwe eMvumelwaneni weParis kwashintshwa kamuva, kodwa imisebenzi yalo yamalahle nogesi wamanzi iye yabangela impikiswano. Izimiso zeHybrid ziveza imiphumela eguquguqukayo, kuye ngokwesilinganiso phakathi kwezici zedemo yedemokrasi ne-athoricric.

Ukubusa Kwezakhamuzi: Izimbangela Zokondla

Izisebenzi zomdabu ezibusayo, ngokuvamile ezisekelwe olwazini olungokwesiko nasekwenzeni izinqumo zomphakathi, zinikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile kwenqubo yendawo ezungezile. Izindawo eziningi zomdabu zisebenzisa ukuphatha amasimu azo ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokulingana kwezizukulwane nokuhlonipha imingcele yendawo ezungezile. Lezi zimo zigcizelela ukuvumelana, ukucabanga okuthatha isikhathi eside, kanye nokubaluleka okungokwemvelo okungavamile kwemvelo okungekho embusweni wezwe lanamuhla.

Ngokwesibonelo, uMfula weWhangui wanikezwa umthetho eNew Zealand, uqaphela amalungelo omfula kanye nokuhlangana kwawo okungahlukani nabantu baseMāori. ECanada, izibalo zendawo ziholele ezivumelwaneni zokusekela izivumelwano zezindawo zokuhlala nezindawo ezivikelekile. Lezizimo ezibonisa indlela ukubusa okungahlelwa ngayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe izindinganiso zemvelo kanye namalungelo emvelweni.

Nakuba ukubusa kwesizwe kungelona ikhambi eliqedayo − lingabhekana nezinselele ezinjengezithiyo zezimpahla, izingxabano zangaphakathi, kanye nokucindezela kohulumeni bezwe − kunikeza isilinganiso esiwusizo sokufinyelela phezulu, izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zezifunda eziningi zanamuhla. Imibono ehlanganisa ukubuswa kwendawo ezungezile kwezwe nezwe lonke ingathuthukisa imiphumela ngokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa komphakathi nokulondolozwa komphakathi.

Ukubusa Komhlaba Wonke: Ukubambisana Phakathi Kwezibonelo

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyinkinga yembulunga yonke edinga ukubambisana phakathi kwezizwe ezinezinduna ezibusayo ezihlukene kakhulu. I - Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ne-Paris Agreement inikeza isisekelo sokuxoxa nokubusa ndawonye. Nokho, ukuphumelela kokubusa kwezizwe zonke kuxhomeke ekhonweni lezwe ngalinye nokuzimisela ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zalo, ezibunjwa isimo salo sokubusa kwasekhaya.

Ukucaca Nokulandisa Embulungeni Yonke Yesimo Sezulu

Amazwe entando yeningi anamandla anamandla okubona asekhaya − njengamaqembu ezindawo ezizimele, inkululeko yemithetho yokwaziswa, kanye nomphakathi osebenzayo . asekela ukubika okunembile ngegesi nentuthuko. Isimiso se-European Union sokuhlola, ukubika, kanye nokuqinisekisa (MRV) siyindinganiso yegolide. Ngokungafani, ababusi, bangahambisa ukwaziswa okungaphelele noma okungakholeki. I-Paris Agreement’s “rastatet" ikhuthaza iminikelo ehleliwe ngokuqhubekayo engokombuso (NDC), kodwa ngaphandle kokwengamela, ukuthobela akuqiniseki.

Ukuhoxa kwe-United States eParali Adminiment ngaphansi kweSivumelwano saseTrump kanye nokubuyisela kwayo emuva ngaphansi kweBiden kubonisa indlela ushintsho lwezombangazwe embusweni wentando yeningi olungaphazamisa ngayo imizamo yesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke. Okwamanje, isiqinisekiso seChina sokukhipha igesi ephakeme ngo-2030 futhi ifinyelele ukungathathi hlangothi kwekharbon ngo-2060 sinamandla, kodwa abagxeki bayakungabaza ukuthembeka kwemininingwane yayo yokukhipha nokushintsha kwayo kumalahle. Lezi zibonelo ziqokomisa ukungezwani phakathi kobukhosi besizwe nokulandisa ngembulunga yonke.

Izivumelwano Zendawo Ezungezile Ezinhlobonhlobo

Ngalé kwesimo sezulu, izivumelwano zendawo ezungezile eziningi (MEA) njenge-Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) ne-Montreal Protocol zibonisa indlela abalawuli abahlukene abangabambisana ngayo. Impumelelo ye-Montreal Protocol ekukhipheni izinto ezishintshwayo ze-ozone-ozone ngokwengxenye ibangelwa izisulu zayo ezicacile, ukusekela ngokwezimali emazweni asathuthuka, kanye nezimiso zokuthuthukisa eziguquguqukayo ezithinta izimo zesizwe. Nokho, izivumelwano ezintsha ezifana nalezo zepulasitiki nezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zibhekana nezinselele ezivela ezithakazelweni zezezezezemboni ezinamandla nakusetshenziswa okungalingani namazwe ahlukene.

Ukubusa kwezizwe zonke kuhlanganisa nabadlali: amadolobha, izifunda, izinkampani, no-NGOs abakha imifelandawonye ukuze baqhube isimo sezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-C40 Citys ihlanganisa imeya yamadolobha entando yeningi ne-demoricial ukuze ihlanganyele imikhuba emihle. Laba bafesthi abakweminye imiphakathi bangadlula intuthuko ehleliwe yezizwe futhi babonise ukuthi intuthuko ingenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhona imboni elawulayo.

Ukuphumelela Okuqhathaniswa: Ama - metrics Nezifundo Zokuchayeka

Ukwehla kwendlela imishini ebusayo ehlukene kakhulu enqubweni yendawo ezungezile edinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwemikhakha enjengokuncishiswa kokukhishwa kwegesi, izinga lomoya namanzi, isivikelo sezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kanye nentuthuko ekwanelisekeni kwesimo sezulu. Umfanekiso uyinkimbinkimbi: ezinye idemocracy (umz., iJalimane, iDenmark) ziye zathola ukuncishiswa okukhulu kokukhishwa kuyilapho zilondoloza ukukhula kwezomnotho, kuyilapho ezinye (umz., United States) ziye zalingana nezindawo zezombangazwe. Ezinye i-athoritary (umz. China) ziye zathuthukisa amandla avuselelwa ngokusha, kodwa unyawo lwazo lonke lwendawo zihlala zinkulu.

[[FLT: 0] Izifundo zekharbon Pricing: i-carbon Pricing. inqubo yekharbon (intela yekhabhoni ne-capbon kanye ne-trade) ibhekwa kakhulu njengamathuluzi asebenzayo ngokwezomnotho okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi. Ziye zasetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni idemokratistiki: intela yekharbon yeSweden, eyasungulwa ngo-1991 futhi manje phakathi kwemikhulu emhlabeni, iye yasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwegesi lapho umnotho ukhula. ICanada yasungula isimiso sekharbon expring ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yengxoxo nemfutho. Izimo zobucukume zabalobi bezingameli bezingathatha kancane ukwamukela i-carbon exe; icebo lokuhweba kwesizwe elasungulwa ngo-201 kodwa ekuqaleni kuhlanganisa kuphela izinkathazo ze-messance kanye ne-meopera.

[[FLT: 0] Ukutadisha: Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Renetic Energy Transition. Imibuso yedemokrasi ne-phoric iye yasebenzisa kakhulu ekuvuselelweni. Zombili izindlela zaseJalimane zaphumelela ekuncipheni kwezindleko zobuchwepheshe eziphansi embulungeni yonke, kodwa inqubo yentando yeningi iye yakhuthaza ukwamukelwa komphakathi nokubekwa kwendawo, nakuba inkomba yentando yeningi iye yenza ukuba i-transky ne-mouse ebanzi ezindaweni eziphikisanayo. Ukwenyuka kwezwe, ngokwezimo-China, kwahlelwa kakhulu futhi kwancishiswa izindleko zobuchwepheshe eziphansi zezesayensi yobuchwepheshe, kodwa inqubo yentando yeningi iye yenza ukuba abantu bamukeleke kakhulu futhi bamukele indawo yendawo, nakuba indondo yentando ye-curive isenze ukuba isilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu ngokumelene nokuphikisa komphakathi.

Izinselele Namathuba Aphakathi Kwabantu Ababusayo

Isiko ngalinye elibuswayo libhekene nezinselele ezihlukene ekusingatheni izindaba zendawo ezungezile, kodwa futhi linikeza amathuba okusungula nokubambisana.

Izinselele Zentando Yeningi: I - Bureaucracy, Ukuphola, Nokuthatha Izindawo Ezifushane

Izimiso zedemokrasi zisengozini emijikelezweni yezombangazwe: okhetho njalo eminyakeni embalwa bangakhuthaza izinqubo eziletha izinzuzo zesikhashana ngaphandle kokugcinwa isikhathi eside. Ukufakwa kwemivubukulo kunganciphisa umthetho wesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukususwa kwezindawo ezihlukene kalula (ngokukhethekile) emazweni anjenge-United States [1] kungaguqula isimiso sendawo ezungezile sibe yimpikiswano ehlukanisayo, isithiyo sokubambisana kwe-bipartisan. Ukuhlukanisa kwe-Bureacraticism kusho ukuthi izinhlangano zendawo ezungezile zingantula igunya lokuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ezithile njengamandla, ezothutho, nezolimo.

Izinselele Zokubusa: Ukuntuleka Kokudla Nokulandisa

Imibuso ebusayo ingakushaya indiva ukulimala kwendawo ezungezile kuze kube yinhlekelele, futhi ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, ingacindezela ukwaziswa. Ngaphandle kwenkululeko yezokuxhumana noma izinkantolo ezizimele, akunamfuno wokulungisa indlela. Ukubekwa kwamandla kungaholela futhi emisebenzini emikhulu enemiphumela ebhubhisayo yendawo ezungezile . Amadamu akhinyabeze imiphakathi yezindawo ezithile noma ugwadule olubangelwa imithetho yezolimo engalawuleki. Nokho, uma umholi we-phosadentia noma iqembu ekhetha ukuthuthukisa indawo ezungezile, bangaqoqa imithombo yemvelo futhi babophe isibopho ngokushesha kunedemocriyo.

Amathuba Okufunda Ngesiphambano Nezixazululo Ezisansimbi

Akukho sifekethiso esibusayo esinesimiso esihle sendawo ezungezile. Izikhulu zingafunda ekhonweni lobuphoqelela lokufeza amacebo amade futhi zenze ukutshala izimali ngokushesha. Izikhulu zingafunda ekubonakaleni kwemibuso elawulayo, ukubopha umphakathi, nokuqondisa okuzimele. Inhlangano yomhlaba wonke zingasiza ekushintsheni. Ngokwesibonelo, [[FLT:] i-Inter Commote commental Parality on Climate (IPCC)[[FLT:][FLT]] inikeza izinqumo zesayensi ezinikeza izinqumiso zezezo zonke izinhlobo zokulawula imibuso. Izimiso zezentengiselwano zezwelo.[FLT][FFF]

Isiphetho: Izindaba Zokubusa, Kodwa Isinyathelo Singathathwa

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwezibonelo ezibusayo nesimiso sendawo ezungezile abunakuvimbela ukumiswa kwemithetho. Imibuso ingahluleka ukwenza ushintsho lwesimo sezulu ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwezombangazwe, futhi imibuso yempoqo ingafinyelela imiphumela ehlaba umxhwele yendawo ezungezile uma abaholi beyenza ibe yeyokuqala. Nokho, kuvela izindlela ezithile: izimiso zentando yeningi zivame ukuveza izimiso zobudemokrasi ezikhanyayo, eziqinile, nezingenamingcele yomphakathi, kuyilapho izimiso ze-phonala zingahamba ngokushesha kodwa ngokuvamile ngezindleko zokulandisa nokuzimela isikhathi eside.

Isenzo sesimo sezulu esiphumelelayo sidinga inhlanganisela yezinhlangano eziqinile, zentando yezombangazwe, kanye nokusekela komphakathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umfuziselo wokubusa. Ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke kusemqoka, ngoba alikho izwe elingaxazulula ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuphela. Ngokuqonda indlela ehlukile yokusingatha inqubo yendawo ezungezile nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, singaklama amasu alawula amandla esimiso ngasinye kuyilapho sithuthukisa ubuthakathaka baso. Indlela eqhubekela phambili ifuna ukuphumelela: ukufunda ngezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, ukwenza bonke ohulumeni babe nesibopho sokwenza ukuba bonke ohulumeni babhekane nemiphumela, futhi bakhe umzabalazo wembulunga yonke oweqela edlula imingcele yezombangazwe.