Table of Contents

Amalungelo okuqamba amelela isisekelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo zinethuba lokuhlanganyela ngokunenjongo enqubweni yokukhetha. Lamalungelo anquma ukuthi ubani ongafaka amavoti kuphela kodwa nendlela okhethwe ngayo, ukuthi izindawo zokuvota ezifinyelelekayo ziphi, nokuthi yiziphi isivikelo esikhona ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucwasana. Ukuqonda ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, uhlelo olungokomthetho, nezinselele eziqhubekayo ezihlobene namalungelo okuvota zibalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna ukungenela embusweni wentando yeningi ngendlela enolwazi nephumelelayo.

Uhambo lokuya e-U.S. luye lwaba lude futhi luyinkimbinkimbi, luphawulwe yiyo yomibili intuthuko nezithiyo. Kusukela ekusungulweni kwesizwe, lapho ukuvota kwakulinganiselwe kumadoda amhlophe anezigodi, kuze kube seminyangweni yanamuhla ebanzi, amalungelo okuvota aye anwetshwa ngokulungisa komthetho-sisekelo, umthetho wesimemezelo, nokuziphindisela okuphikelelayo. Noma kunjalo, ngisho namanje, izimpikiswano ziyaqhubeka mayelana nendlela yokulinganisela ukutholakala nokulondeka, futhi ziqiniseke ukuthi umvoti ngamunye ofanelekayo angasebenzisa kanjani ilungelo lawo eliyisisekelo lokuhlanganyela ekukhetheni abameleni abameleli babo.

Isisekelo Sokusekela Amalungelo AseMelika

UMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. ekuqaleni wawushiyela ekunqumeni ukuthi ubani ofanelekela ukuvota okhethweni, kunokuba umise izindinganiso zikahulumeni zokuvota. Lesi sinqumo saveza kokubili isimo sikahulumeni wohulumeni omusha kanye namaqiniso angokoqobo ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Ngenxa yalokho, izifunda eziningi zilinganisela ukuvota emadodeni amhlophe, okumelela ingxenye encane kuphela yengqikithi yabantu abamhlophe.

Isizathu esiyisisekelo sezimfuneko zempahla sasisekelwe enkolelweni yokuthi abanini-mhlaba babenesigxobo esihlala njalo emphakathini futhi ngakho bangenza izinqumo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kakhulu ngokuphathelene nokubusa. Ezinye izifundazwe zasebenzisa nokuhlolwa okungokwenkolo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amadoda angamaKristu kuphela angavota, abeke imingcele eyengeziwe yabavoti. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi abesifazane, abantu abagqilaziwe, abantu abamnyama abakhululekile baseMelika ezindaweni eziningi, amaMelika oMdabu, nabamhlophe abangenayo impahla bonke babekhishwa enqubweni yentando yeningi.

Izifunda ezimbalwa zavumela amadoda akhululekile amnyama ukuba avote, futhi iNew Jersey yahlanganisa nabesifazane abangashadile nabafelokazi ababenempahla, bebonisa ukuthi ngisho naseriphabliki yakudala, kwakunezindlela ezingafani zokuthinta amalungelo okuvota. Nokho, lezi zazingavamile futhi ngokuvamile zazihlala isikhathi esifushane.

Ukwanda Kwesilisa Esimhlophe

Ukwanda okukhulu kwamalungelo okuvota eUnited States kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho amazwe eqala ukuqeda izimfuneko zokuba nempahla yabelungu. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le - 19, izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni zaqala ukulinganisela imfuneko yempahla yokuvota, zisabela ekukhuleni komzwelo wentando yeningi nethonya lezombangazwe lamadoda amhlophe asebenza ngesigaba sekhulu le - 19.

Ngo-1856, wonke amadoda amhlophe ayengavota (8) imfuneko yokuba nempahla yaqedwa, iNyakatho Carolina iyindawo yokugcina ukususa lemfuneko ngo-1856. Lokhu kwandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukukhethwa kwenani labantu, nakuba kwaqhubeka kukhishwa inani labantu elisekelwe ebunhlangeni nabobulili obubodwa. Ukwanda kwe-suffgel emhlophe kwamelela ukushintshela esimisweni sentando yeningi, kodwa esaqhubeka silinganiselwe kakhulu futhi sikhishwa.

Ukwakhiwa kabusha Nesithembiso Sesithunjwa Samadoda Amnyama

IMpi Yombango kanye nomphumela wayo kwaletha izinguquko ezinkulu emalungelweni okuvota kwaseMelika. UMthetho we-Civil Rights ka - 1866 wanikeza bonke abantu abazalwe e-United States ilungelo lokuba izakhamuzi ezihlala khona, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zivela ngebala noma zigqilazwe ngaphambili, ukuvumela zonke izakhamuzi zase-U.S. ukuba zivikelwe ngendlela efanayo ngaphansi komthetho.

ISichibiyelo se-14 sidlulisela ubuzwe ku-"bonke abantu abazelwe noma abadaliweyo e-United States," sihlanganisa i-Civil Rights Act ka-1866 njengengxenye yoMthetho-sisekelo. Nokho, iSichibiyelo se-14 sazibopha ukuba yizakhamuzi zezigqila ezikhululekile nabantu abamnyama kodwa asihlanganisi amalungelo okuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe, kuhlanganise nokuvota.

Leligebe labhekiswa eNguqulweni ye-15. ISichibiyelo seshumi nanhlanu kuMthetho-sisekelo wase-United States sivimbela ukwenqaba ilungelo lokuvota ngezizathu "zohlanga, umbala, noma isimo sangaphambili sobugqila". Ngo-1870, lokhu kulunga kwaveza intuthuko enkulu ekwakhiweni kwentando yeningi kwaseMelika, ngokucatshangelwa kunikeza abantu abamnyama ilungelo lokuvota kulo lonke izwe.

Ukwanda Kokucindezelwa Kwe - Jim Crow Nokwe - Voter

Ngeshwa, isithembiso seSichibiyelo se - 15 salulazwa ngokushesha imizamo ehleliwe yokuchitha abavoti Black, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu. Izifunda ezaziyiConfederated zanikeza uJim Crow imithetho nezinguquko ukuze ziqede ngokuphumelelayo iBlackchése nabavoti abamhlophe abangebona abalungile ngokukhokha izintela zenhlawulo, ukuhlola kokufunda, izigaba zogogo neminye imingcele, kwasetshenziswa ngendlela yokukhipha izigwebo.

Lamacebo okucindezela ayephumelela kakhulu. Izintela zempoqo zazidinga ukuba abavoti bakhokhe intela ngaphambi kokuba bafake amavoloti abo, izakhamuzi eziningi ezimpofu ezazingakwazi ukuwathenga. Ukuhlola kwanikezwa ngokulandelana, abaBlack afake imibuzo enzima kakhulu kuyilapho abamhlophe becela intela yokukhokha. Imithetho, kuhlanganise nentela yokukhokha intela yokukhokha, ukuhlola ngokufunda nokubhala, kwafakwa ezifundazweni eziningi zaseNingizimu, kuncishiswa amalungelo okuvota amaBlange kuze kube ngo-656.

Izigebengu ezibaluleki zavumela abantu ukuba bavote uma omkhulu babo babekufanelekele ukuvota ngaphambi kosuku oluthile, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kweMpi Yombango. Njengoba cishe kungekho baseMelika abaNsundu ababevota okhokho babo ngaphambi kwempi, lokhu kwabakhipha ngokuphumelelayo kuyilapho kuvumela abamhlophe abangafundile ukuba bavote. Ubudlova nokwesabisa izakhamuzi zabaNsundu ngokuqhubekayo ukuba zizame ukubhalisa noma ukuvota.

Phakathi nalenkathi, iNkantolo Ephakeme ngokuvamile yasekela imizamo kahulumeni yokucwasa izinhlanga ezincane; kwathi kamuva ekhulwini lama - 20 kwamiswa lemithetho engavumelani nemithetho. Lokhu kuvuma kwamacala kwavumela ukuhlukana okuhleliwe kwabavoti abamnyama ukuba kuqhubeke amashumi eminyaka.

Isembozo Sabesifazane NeSichibiyelo Se - 19

Nakuba amadoda abamnyama athola amalungelo okuvota acatshangelwayo ngo-1870, abesifazane bazo zonke izinhlanga bahlala bekhishwe ebhokisini lebhola ezindaweni eziningi. Inhlangano yabesifazane yokuvota, eyayilokhu isebenza kusukela phakathi nekhulu le-1919, yathola amandla amakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.

Ngo-1869, iWyoming yaba yizwe lokuqala kusukela irepublic yokuqala yanika abesifazane ivoti, futhi phakathi namashumi eminyaka alandela, izifundazwe ezingamashumi amabili zalandela. Lokhu kunqoba kwezwe kwakha ijubane lokulungisa umthetho ngokomthetho kahulumeni.

Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka yokubhikisha nokulwela ushintsho, iSichibiyelo sekhulu le-19 samukelwa ngo-1920, sanika abesifazane baseMelika ilungelo lokuvota. Inguquko yathi ilungelo lokuvota “ngeke liphiwe noma livalwe yi-United States noma yinoma yisiphi isifunda ngenxa yobulili." Lokhu kwasho ukwanda okukhulu kwevoti, ngokuphindwe cishe ngokuphindwe kabili inani labavoti abafanelekayo.

Nokho, ukudlula kwayo akuzange kuvimbele ikakhulukazi imibuso yaseNingizimu ekuvimbeleni abesifazane abambalwa ekuvoteni ngokudlulisa imithetho yobugebengu.

Ukusakaza Amalungelo Amanye Amaqembu Angemthetho

Abomdabu baseMelika

AmaMelika Omdabu abhekana nezinselele ezingavamile ekutholeni amalungelo okuvota. INkantolo Ephakeme yanquma ngo-Elk ngokuphikisana noWilkins ukuthi amaMelika Omdabu awazona izakhamuzi njengoba zichazwa iSichibiyelo se - 14, ngisho nalezo ezithi “zikhokha intela". Lesi sinqumo sabangela isithiyo esikhulu ekuhlanganyeleni kwezombangazwe.

UKhomishane wamisa i-Indian Citizenshiship Act ngo-1924, enikeza ilungelo lokuvota amaMelika Omdabu azalelwa e-United States. Nokho, naphezu kokudlula kwawo, amanye amazwe aqhubeka evimbela amaMelika Omdabu ukuba akhethe, esebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zomthetho nezenzo zobuhlanga. Kuzothatha amashumi eminyaka ukuvota nokukhipha imvume ngaphambi kokuba amaMelika Omdabu asebenzise amalungelo awo okuvota kuwo wonke amazwe.

AmaMelika Ase - Asia

AmaMelika ase-Asia abhekana nemingcele enzima kokubili ekwakheni ilungelo lobuzwe namalungelo okuvota. I-Exclusion Act yaseChina ka-1882 yaphika abantu bohlu lozalo lwamaShayina ekubeni izakhamuzi ezingokwemvelo zaseMelika, ibavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ekutholeni ilungelo lokuvota. Imingcele efanayo yasebenza kwamanye amaqembu abafuduki base-Asia.

Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II lapho i-United States neChina zisebenza njengezisebenzi ezikanye nayo, ekugcineni i-Exclusion Act yaseChina yaqedwa, futhi abafuduki baseChina nemikhaya yabo ezelwe eMelika baba amaMelika okuqala e-Asia akufanelekela ukuba yimvelo nokuthola izakhamuzi (nevoti). Amanye amaqembu aseMelika ase-Asia athola amalungelo afanayo eminyakeni eyalandela, nakuba umthetho wemvelo wawungeke ufinyelele kwaze kwaba ngawo - 1960.

Amavote amancane

ISichibiyelo seminyaka engu-18 sinikeza amaMelika aneminyaka engu-18 ubudala ilungelo lokuvota, lagunyazwa ngo-1971. Lokhu kulungisa kwaqhutshwa kakhulu yiMpi yaseVietnam, njengoba abashisekeli baphikisa ngokuthi uma asebekhulile iminyaka engu-18 babekhule ngokwanele ukuba babuthwe futhi balwele izwe lakubo, kufanele ukuba babe badala ngokwanele ukuba bavote. Intengiselwano yehlisa iminyaka yokuvota kusukela ku-21 kuya ku-18, yanezela izigidi zentsha ukuba ithole i-vota.

Isigodi Sezakhamuzi ZaseColumbia

ISichibiyelo sekhulu lama-23, esagunyazwa ngo-1961, savumela izakhamuzi zaseMelika ezazihlala eSifundeni saseColumbia ukuba zivotele umongameli nesekela likamongameli. Ngaphambi kokuba sidlule, uD.C. izakhamuzi zazingavota kuphela amahhovisi abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni kwelinye lamazwe. Nokho, D.C. izakhamuzi azikayitholi imimelelo egcwele yenhlangano, kanye nesithunywa esingahambisani nevoti eNdlu yabameli.

UMthetho Ka - 1965 Wokugunyaza Amalungelo Abantu: Umphumela Ophawulekayo

Naphezu kokulungisa komthetho - sisekelo okwakuqinisekisa amalungelo okuvota, ubandlululo oluhleliwe lwaqhubeka luvimbela izigidi zabantu baseMelika, ikakhulukazi izakhamuzi eziNsundu eNingizimu, ukuba zivote.

Indlela Eya Endinganisweni Yamalungelo Abantu

Umthetho wafika ezinyangeni ezingu - 7 ngemva kokuba uMartin Luther King esungule umkhankaso wokuqulwa kwezincwadi zamaKristu eSouthern Christian Leadership (SCCC) owawusekelwe eSelma, e - Alabama, ngenjongo yokucindezela uMkhandlu ukuba ukhiphe umthetho onjalo.

The Selma campaign culminated in a planned march from Selma to Montgomery, the state capital. The unprovoked attack on March 7, 1965, by state troopers on peaceful marchers crossing the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, en route to the state capitol in Montgomery, persuaded the President and Congress to overcome Southern legislators' resistance to effective voting rights legislation. The brutal violence, broadcast on national television, shocked the nation and created overwhelming pressure for federal action.

Amalungiselelo Ayinhloko Omthetho Wokudlulisela Amalungelo

UMongameli Lyndon B. Johnson wasayina umthetho iVoing Rights Act ngesikhathi umzabalazo wamalungelo abantu uphakeme ngoAugust 6, 1965. Ngokwe - Department of Justice yaseU.S., loMthetho ubhekwa njengoyingxenye ephumelela kakhulu yomthetho wamalungelo ohulumeni owake wamiswa.

Njengoba wawuklanyelwe ukuphoqelela amalungelo okuvota avikelwe iziNguquko Ze - 14 ne - 15 zoMthetho - sisekelo Wase - United States, loMthetho wafuna ukuvikela ilungelo lokuvota abantu abambalwa abavela ezinhlangani ezihlukene kulo lonke izwe, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu.

Lo Mthetho wawunamalungiselelo amaningana anamandla:

  • Isiqephu 2 senqabela umbuso nohulumeni wendawo ukuba bamise noma yimuphi umthetho othi "ufaka ekunqabeni noma ekwamukeni ilungelo lanoma isiphi isakhamuzi lokuvota ngenxa yohlanga noma umbala" noma amalungu eqembu elikhuluma ulimi oluncane
  • Eminye imikhakha yokuhlola ukufunda nokubhala enqatshelwe kanye nemishini efana naleyo eyayisetshenziselwa ukuqeda izinhlanga ezincane
  • Isiqephu 5 sidinga amagunya ahambisana nomlando wokucwasa ukuze uthole imvume kuMnyango woMahluleli noma enkantolo ngaphambi kokushintsha imithetho yokuvota, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi "preclarance"
  • Izimfuneko zemibuso ethile ukuze inikeze usizo lwezilimi kubavoti emiphakathini lapho kunezakhamuzi eziningi ezingafundile esiNgisini zanezelwa eMthethweni Wamalungelo Omphakathi ngo-1975

Umphumela Womthetho Wokuphana Ngamalungelo

IVoting Rights Act yaba nethonya elisheshayo neliphawulekayo ekubhalisweni nasekuhlanganyeleni kovoti. Ekupheleni kuka-1965, ingxenye yesine yesigidi sabavoti abasha abaNsundu yabhaliswa, ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabaphathi bakahulumeni, futhi ekupheleni kuka- 1966, ezine kuphela emazweni aseningizimu ayi-13 ayenezindawo ezibhaliselwe ukuvota ezingaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-50 ama-Afrika abhaliswe.

Uphengululo lwabonisa ukuthi i-Act yayisephumelele futhi yandisa kakhulu umvoti ovotayo kanye nokubhalisa, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abamnyama. Eminyakeni engemva komsuka we-Voting Rights Act, ukwehluka kwamanani okubhalisa phakathi kwabamhlophe nabamnyama abavoti kwehla kusuka kumaphesenti angaba ngu-30 ekuqaleni kwawo-1960 kuya kuma-8 amanqaku amashumi eminyaka kamuva.

Umthetho uye waba isihlangu esiphumelela kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezilinganisela noma ezilulaza amandla okuvota emiphakathi ngomlando wokuncishiswa kwemingcele, futhi lesivikelo siye saba usizo ngokukhethekile ezinqubweni ezinjengokuvuselelwa kwemibala, okuye kwaholela ekukhethweni kwamakhulu kahulumeni, umbuso, nabashisekeli bemibala basendaweni ngomlando wokucwaswa.

I - Voing Rights Act ka - 1965 yaqashelwa futhi yaqiniswa ngo - 1970, 1975, nango - 1982, ibonisa isibopho sokuvikela amalungelo okuvota amashumi ambalwa eminyaka.

Izinselele Zanamuhla Zokwaba Amalungelo

Isinqumo Sesifunda SaseShelby

ISikhungo Senkantolo Ephakeme Yase - United States Sawululaza Umthetho Welungelo Esahlulelweni saso eShelby County v. Horer, savula indlela yemibuso nemibuso ngomlando wokucindezelwa kwabavoti ukuba bamise imithetho evimbelayo yokuvota.

Inkantolo ayiwuqedanga wonke umthetho we-Voing Rights, kodwa kunalokho yawuchitha umthetho osetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi iliphi i-oversement edinga ukumiswa kusengaphambili. INkantolo Ephakeme yathola indlela yokunquma ukuthi iziphi izindawo ezidinga ukumiswa kusengaphambili ukuba zingavumelani nemithetho futhi yazishiyela eKhonsele ukuba zivuselele futhi zilungise indlela engenziwa ngayo nganoma isiphi isikhathi. Nokho, iSishaya - mthetho asikawumisi umthetho wokubuyisela lesi sivikelo esibalulekile.

Ngemva kwalesosinqumo, ithi kwakungasadingeki ukuba uhulumeni avume imithetho yokuvota emisha yabangela igagasi lezimiso elenza kwaba nzima ukuvota, futhi ukucwaninga okwenziwa eBrennan Center kuye kwabonisa ukuthi igebe lobuhlanga lomvoti liye lakhula ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwengxenye 5.

Eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokubusa, izifundazwe zadlulisa imingcele emisha ngokuvota, kuhlanganise nemithetho ye-ID entsha, imingcele ekuvotelweni kwakuqala, nokuvalwa kwezinkulungwane zezindawo zokuvota ezweni lonke. Lezinguquko ziye zathinta ngokungenakuqhathaniswa abavoti abambalwa, abavoti asebekhulile, abafundi, nezakhamuzi ezithola imali encane.

Ukwehla Kwengxenye 2

Ngo-2021, i-Damocratic Committee Supreme Committee National Committee yaphinde yachaza isiqephu 2 se-Voting Rights Act ka-1965, yasilulaza kakhulu ngokuchaza "ukuphela kwezimo" ngolimi olusho ukuthi ngokuvamile ayiyinqabeli imithetho yokuvota enemiphumela ehlukile emaqenjini ayefuna ukuwavikela.

INkantolo Ephakeme yenza kwaba nzima ukubeka amacala ngaphansi kweSigaba 2, iphinde inciphise amathuluzi akhona okubekela inselele inqubo yokuvota yobandlululo.

Izimfuneko Nemithetho Yamanje

Izimfuneko Eziyisisekelo Zokufaneleka

Namuhla, ukuze bavote kukhetho lukahulumeni e-United States, abantu ngabanye kumelwe bahlangabezane nezimfuneko eziningana eziyisisekelo. Kumelwe babe izakhamuzi zase-U.S., okungenani ezineminyaka engu-18 ubudala ngoSuku Lokhetho, futhi bahlangabezane nezimfuneko zombuso zokuhlala. Izizwe eziningi zifuna abavoti ukuba babhalise ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho, nakuba ezinye izizwe zinikeza ukubhaliswa kosuku olufanayo.

Abangavoti abakho kukhetho lukahulumeni nombuso, nakuba idlanzana lezindawo livumela izakhamuzi ezingazifuni ukuba zivote okhethweni oluthile lwendawo, njengemijaho yebhodi yesikole. Lokhu kubonisa isimiso sokuthi ukuvota kukhetho lukahulumeni nombuso kuyilungelo eligcinelwe izakhamuzi.

Imingcele Yokunikezwa Kwamalungelo

Izwe livame ukukhipha izigebengu ejele ngenxa yokuvota, futhi ezinye izifunda zikhipha izijeziso zokufa ngemva kwejele. Imithetho ephathelene nokudilizwa kwecala le-felon iyahluka kakhulu ngokombuso. Ezinye izifundazwe zibuyisela amalungelo okuvota ngokuzenzekelayo lapho zikhululwa ejele, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga ukuqedwa kwesigwebo noma ukugcinwa. Izifunda ezimbalwa zilahla abantu ngokungenacala elithile ngaphandle kokuba bathole intethelelo noma amalungelo abo ebuyiselwe ngenqubo ethile ehlukene.

Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi ukuhlukana okuhlala njalo akunayo intando yeningi futhi akuyithinti ngokungenakuqhathaniswa imiphakathi embalwa, kuyilapho abasekeli bephikisa ngokuthi kuwumphumela ofanele wokuziphatha kobugebengu okungathi sína.

Ushintsho Olungokombuso Ekuthuthukiseni Imisebenzi

Esimisweni saseMelika sombuso, umbuso ngamunye uyoqhubeka wenza izinqumo ngokuthi imingcele kufanele ibe khona yini noma cha.

Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zamisa imithetho yamavoti efuna abavoti ukuba banikeze izindlela ezithile zokuzichaza ngaphambi kokufaka ivoti. Lemithetho iyahluka ngokuqinile, kanti ezinye izifundazwe zithatha izinhlu zezincwadi eziningi kanye nezinye ezifuna ukuboniswa kwezithombe. Abasekeli baphikisa ngokuthi izimfuneko ze-ID zivimbela ukukhwabanisa futhi zandisa ukuthemba komphakathi kokhetho, kuyilapho abaphikisi bephikisa ngokuthi badala imingcele engadingekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile, abambalwa, nabavoti abambalwa, futhi abathola imali ephansi abangase babe nokwenzeka ukuba babe nezincwadi ezidingekayo.

Izwe liyahluka futhi ezindleleni zalo zokubhalisa. Ezinye ziye zabhalisa ivoti ngokuzenzakalelayo, lapho izakhamuzi ezifanele zibhaliswa khona ngokuzenzekelayo lapho zisebenzelana nezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinjenge - Department of Motor Vehicles. Ezinye zifuna ukuba abantu bathathe izinyathelo zokubhalisa, ngezikhathi ezihlukene ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukutholakala

Ukudla Kwakuqala Nezinsimbi Zomculo Ezingadingeki

Izifunda eziningi ziye zandisa amathuba okuvota ngalé koSuku lokukhetha olulodwa ukuze zenze ukuhlanganyela kutholakale. Ukuvota kwasekuqaleni kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziphonse amavoti phambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho, ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku eziningana noma amasonto. Lokhu kunciphisa imigqa emide ngoSuku lokuvota futhi kwenza abavoti abangase babe nomsebenzi, umkhaya, noma ezinye izibopho zibe nzima ukuvota ngosuku oluthile.

I-bobree evota kanye nokuvota ngeposi nakho kuye kwaba amathuluzi abaluleke kakhulu okuthuthukisa ukutholakala. Ngokwesiko, amabhola angekho ayetholakala kuphela kubavoti ababenezaba eziqondile, njengokuphuma edolobheni ngoSuku Lokhetho noma ukukhubazeka. Nokho, izifundazwe eziningi ziye zaya e "kungangeni-excuse" ekuvoteni okungekhoyo, zivumela noma ubani obhaliwe ukuba acele iposi ebhace. Amanye amagodi aqhubekele, athumela ngokuzenzakalela kubo bonke abavoti ababhalisiweyo.

Lezi zimiso zokuvota ngeposi zingandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuhlanganyela ngokwenza ukuvota kube lula futhi kutholakale. Zizuzisa kakhulu kubavoti abakhubazekile, labo abasebenza amahora amaningi noma angefani, abazali abanezingane ezincane, nabavoti asebekhulile abangase babe nobunzima bokuhamba beya ezindaweni zokuvota.

Izindawo Ezikhangayo Ezikhangayo

AmaMelika ane-Check Act (ADA) afuna ukuba izindawo zokuhlola zitholakale kubavoti abakhubazekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukutholakala ngokomzimba, njenge-ampps, ipali efinyelekayo, kanye namatende okuvota ahlalisa izihlalo zabakhubazekile. Izindawo zokugcona kumelwe futhi zinikeze imishini yokuvota ekwazi ukutholakala, njengemishini enezikhangiso ezinama-mesethi eziphuphumayo noma ezibona kancinci, kanye nemishini evumela abavoti abanokukwazi ukuvota ngokulinganiselwe ukuba bafake amabhola ngedwa.

Ngaphandle kokutholakala ngokomzimba, indawo yezindawo zokuhlola izinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Izindawo zokukopela kufanele zisakazwe ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke imiphakathi, ngokucabangela ukutholakala kwezokuthutha komphakathi nokusakazwa kwendawo yabavoti. Ukuvalwa kwezindawo zokuvota, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini embalwa netholakele imali ephansi, kuye kwaba yinto ekhathaza kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, ngoba kungadala amabanga amade futhi kulinde izikhathi eziduma kakhulu ekuvoteleni.

Izinhlelo zokubhalisa ezicacile nezifinyelelekayo

Izimiso zokubhalisa nge-inthanethi ziye zenza le nqubo ibe lula ezifundeni eziningi, ivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibhalise noma zithuthukise ukwaziswa kwazo ekhaya. Lezi zimiso zinganciphisa amaphutha, izindleko zokulawula zinciphe, futhi zandise amazinga okubhalisa.

Kulesimiso, izakhamuzi ezifanele zibhaliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuba zivote lapho zisebenzelana nezinhlangano ezithile zikahulumeni, ngaphandle kokuba zikhethe. Lokhu kushintsha umthwalo kusuka kumuntu uye kuhulumeni, kuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezifaneleke kakhulu zibhaliswe futhi ziyakwazi ukuvota.

Ukuxhumana okucacile ngezikhathi ezimisiwe zokubhalisa, izimfuneko, nezinqubo nakho kubalulekile. Izwe kufanele linikeze ukwaziswa ngezilimi eziningi ukuze likhonze imiphakathi lapho isiNgisi singekho khona ulimi oluyinhloko, futhi kufanele lisebenzise amashadi amaningi — kuhlanganise namawebhusayithi amaningi, imithombo yezokuxhumana, izinhlangano zomphakathi, nemithombo yezindaba engokwesiko .

Usizo Lolimi

Kubantu abahlala emiphakathini enezakhamuzi ezinkulu ezingasazi isiNgisi, usizo lwezilimi lubalulekile ukuze kube nokuhlanganyela okunenjongo. I-Voting Rights Act idinga amagunya athile ukuze kunikezwe amavoti nezinsika zokuvota, kanye nosizo lwezisebenzi zokuvota ezikhuluma izinenero ezimbili. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imingcele yezilimi ayiyivimbeli izakhamuzi ukuba zisebenzise ilungelo lazo lokuvota.

Usizo oluphumelelayo lolimi luhlanganisa ukunikeza abavoti izinto zokufundisa ngezilimi eziningi, ukunikeza usizo lwezilimi ezindaweni zokuvota, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokubhalisa zitholakala ngezilimi ezikhulunywa izingxenye ezivelele zomphakathi.

Imfundo Yezinga Eliphambili Nentuthuko

Abavoti abaningi abafanelekayo abahlanganyeli okhethweni ngoba abanalo ulwazi ngendlela yokubhalisa, indawo yokuvota, ukuthi badinga luphi uphawu, noma ukuthi yini ezoba khona kuvoti. Izinhlelo zemfundo ezigunyaza ukuvota zingasingatha lemingcele ngokunikeza ukwaziswa okucacile, okunembile nokufike ngesikhathi ngenqubo yokuvota.

Imfundo ephumelelayo ifinyelela abantu lapho bekhona, isebenzisa izinhlangano zomphakathi ezithenjwayo, izikole, imitapo, nezindlu zokukhulekela ukuze kusakazwe ukwaziswa. Kufanele kungabi yisiphakamiso, kugxile ekuvotelweni kunokukhuthaza izikhundla ezithile. Amathuluzi amanani, kuhlanganise amawebhusayithi kanye nama-webhusayithi asiza abavoti ukuba bathole izindawo zokuvota, ukuhlola ukubhalisa kwabo, futhi ukufunda ngezinyathelo zabo, kuye kwaba baluleke kakhulu.

Indima Yokuqondisa Ukukhetha

Ukuphatha Kochwepheshe Nokungabi Nabaphartis

Kudingeka abaqondisi bokhetho abangochwepheshe nabafinyelelekayo abanolwazi oluqinile, abaqeqeshelwe kahle abakwazi ukusingatha izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuvota kuyilapho belondoloza ukwethenjwa umphakathi. Izikhulu zokhetho kumelwe zilinganisele izinto eziningi eziza kuqala: ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka nokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, ukwenza ukuvota kutholakale futhi kulungele, ukwenza imiphumela yokulungisa icace futhi ihlale ikhona, futhi zilondoloze ukuqiniseka komphakathi.

Uma izikhulu zokhetho zibhekwa njengezisekela omunye umkhakha noma onyuselwayo, kululaza ukuthemba umphakathi ngemiphumela. Izifunda eziningi ziye zaphendukela ekuqondiseni ukhetho olungochwepheshe, olungekho Vatican, nakuba izakhiwo eziqondile zihlukahluka.

Imithombo Yamandla Nezimiso Ezanele

Kudingeka imithombo emikhulu egciniwe, efinyelelwe. Izikhulu zokhetho zidinga ukuxhaswa ngemali eyanele yemishini yokuvota, ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi zokuvota, imfundo yamavoti, i-inthanethi, nezisebenzi zokuphatha. Ukuthotshiswa kungaholela emigqeni emide, ekuhlulekeni kwemishini, ekusebenzeni kwezisebenzi zokuvota okungaqedwe kakhulu, nezinye izinkinga ezenza ukuvota kube nzima kakhulu futhi kunciphe ukwethemba kulenqubo.

Imishini yokuvota yanamuhla ibalulekile kukhetho olunembile, oluphumelelayo. Lokhu akuhlanganisi nje kuphela imishini yokuvota kodwa futhi nemishini yokuvota ekwazi ukufinyelelwa, nezakhiwo zesisekelo zokulungisa iposi elifakiwe. Amabhokisi kumelwe agcinwe njalo, ahlolwe, futhi ekugcineni athathelwe indawo njengoba iphelelwa isikhathi.

Ukusebenza Kwezinhlaka Zemvelo Nokuqeqeshwa Kwazo

Izisebenzi zempova ziyindawo ephambili yokuhlela, zisebenzelana ngokuqondile nabavoti futhi ziqondise inqubo yokuvota ezindaweni zokuvota. Ukuqoqa nokuqeqesha izinombolo ezanele zezisebenzi zokuvota kuyinselele eqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba isikhungo sesiko sezisebenzi zokuvota − [1] sekunzima kakhulu ukujoyina ngenxa yezici zempilo nezinye izici.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi zokuvota okuphumelelayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izisebenzi ziyaziqonda izinqubo zokuvota, zingasebenzisa imishini yokuvota, ziyakwazi ukusiza abavoti ngokukhubazeka noma ngemingcele yolimi, futhi zingasingatha izinkinga eziphakamayo. Izisebenzi zokuvota eziqeqeshiwe, eziqeqeshiwe zinikela kakhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kovoti kanye nezindawo zokuvota ezishelela.

Ukulinganisela Ukulondeka Nokutholakala Kwakho

Enye yezinselele eziyinhloko esimisweni sokuvota ukulinganisela isidingo sokulondeka kokhetho nomgomo wokwenza zonke izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo zikwazi ukuvota.

Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Kwezitho Zokukhetha

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okhetho lulondekile futhi luveza ngokunembile intando yabavoti ibalulekile ekubuseni ngentando yeningi. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zihlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwamavoti, ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, ukuvikela ukuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi, nokugcina imigomo enembile. Lena imigomo esemthethweni nebalulekile esekelwa umphakathi kabanzi.

Nokho, izinyathelo zokulondeka kumelwe ziklanyelwe ngokucophelela ukugwema ukuvimbela ukuvota.

Ukwenziwa Komthetho Osekelwe Ebufakazini

Isimiso sokuvota esiphumelelayo kufanele sisekelwe ebufakazini obukhona ngezinkinga zangempela kanye nemiphumela yezikhambi ezihlongozwayo. Ngokwesibonelo, nakuba ukukhwabanisa kuvame ukuvezwa njengokuthethelela imithetho yokuvota evimbelayo, ukucwaninga okukhulu kuthole ukuthi ukukhwabanisa kovoti akuvamile neze. Izikhulu kufanele zibhekane nezinkinga zangempela kunalezo ezicatshangelwayo, futhi kufanele ziklanyelwe ukuxazulula lezozinkinga ngemiphumela engelutho kubavoti abasemthethweni.

Ngokufanayo, lapho uhlola imiphumela yezimiso zokuvota, kubalulekile ukubheka ukwaziswa okungokoqobo ngokuhlanganyela ekuvoteni, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini ahlukene amanani abantu.

Ikusasa Lokuphana Ngamalungelo

Impikiswano Nezinselele Eziqhubekayo

Ukufuna amalungelo kuseyindaba yempikiswano enkulu yezombangazwe. Ukungavumelani kuyaqhubeka ngezimfuneko zomvoti, ukubuyiselwa kwamalungelo okuvota kubantu abanezinkolelo zokuvota, umthetho weposi, indima yegunya likahulumeni ne-oces kuhulumeni ekuqondiseni kokhetho, nezinye izindaba eziningi. Lezimpikiswano zibonisa imibono ehlukene ngokulinganisela okufanele phakathi kokulondeka nokuthola, kanye nokuhlaziya okuhlukile kwesimo samanje sokuvota amalungelo eMelika.

Ukuntengantenga kwe-Voing Rights Act ngesinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme kuye kwadala umthetho omusha kahulumeni wokuvikela amalungelo okuvota. Kuye kwasungulwa iziphakamiso ezihlukahlukene eSivumelwaneni, nakuba ukuhlukana okungalawuleki kuye kwavimbela ukudlula kwazo. Impikiswano mayelana nomthetho welungelo lokuvota kahulumeni iveza imibuzo ebanzi mayelana nendima efanelekile kahulumeni wezwe ekuqondiseni amavoti.

Izivubukulo Zobuchwepheshe

Ubuchwepheshe bunikeza kokubili amathuba nezinselele zamalungelo okuvota. Ukubhalisa nge-opera kukwenze ukubhalisa kwalula futhi kwanembe kakhulu ezifundazweni eziningi. Izincwadi zokuvota ze-electronic zingangena ngenqubo yesheke futhi zinciphise amaphutha. Ubuchwepheshe bokuvota obufinyelelekayo bungasiza abavoti abakhubazekileyo ukuba bafake amavoti ngokuzimela.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezobuchwepheshe zidala izinselele ezintsha zokuphepha. Izimiso zokuvota kumelwe zivikelwe ekuhlaseleni kwezokuxhumana, futhi izikhulu zokhetho kumelwe zilondoloze ukuthembela komphakathi ekulondekeni nasekunembeni kwezimiso zobuchwepheshe. Impikiswano yokuvota iveza lokhu kucindezeleka: nakuba ukuvota kuyi-Internet kungase kwandise ukutholakala, ochwepheshe bezokuphepha baye babangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokugobeka kwezimiso ezinjalo ekudukeni nasekusebenziseni kabi.

Izinguquko Zesimo Somzimba

Ukushintsha kwenani labantu baseMelika kuzoqhubeka kudala izimpikiswano zokuvota. Izwe liya lihlukahluka, nezakhamuzi ezikhulayo ze-Latino, Asian America, nezinhlanga ngezinhlanga. Lokhu kushintsha kwenani labantu kuhlanganisa izimfuneko zosizo, amasu okuvota, kanye nezindawo zezombangazwe.

Izinguquko zezizukulwane zibalulekile futhi. Abavoti abasebasha balindele izinto ezingafani ngobuchwepheshe nangezinto ezivumelanayo, futhi bangasekela kakhulu izinto ezintsha ezinjengokubhalisa nge-intanethi kanye nokukhetha okukhuliswe ngeposi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi labo abavota asebekhulile, abangase bangakhululeki kahle kwezobuchwepheshe, bangaqhubeka behlanganyela ngokugcwele babalulekile.

Umbono Womhlaba Wonke Ngokuthola Amalungelo

Uma ubheka indlela amanye amalungelo okuvota entando yeningi anganikeza ngayo umongo owusizo ezimpikiswaneni zaseMelika. Amazwe amaningi enza iDay Yokhetho libe iholide noma enze ukhetho ngezimpelasonto ukuze enze ukuvota kube lula. Amanye amazwe anokuvota ngempoqo, okufuna ukuba zonke izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo zivote amavoti noma izijeziso. Amanye abhalisa zonke izakhamuzi ukuba zivote, kunokuba afune ukubhaliswa.

Amazwe ahlukene athatha izindlela ezihlukene zokuveza amavoti, ukuvota ngeposi, nokuvota kwasekuqaleni. Nakuba isimiso sezwe ngalinye sibonisa umlando walo okhethekile, impucuko, nezinhlangano zezombangazwe, ukuhlola imikhuba yomhlaba wonke kungasikisela amathuba okuthuthukisa amalungelo okuvota namanxusa okhetho lwaseMelika.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-United States ayijwayelekile phakathi kwentando yeningi emisiwe ngezinga lapho ukuqondisa kokhetho kuhlelwa kahle futhi kuhlukahluka ngokwezwe nendawo. Lendlela kahulumeni inakho kokubili izinzuzo nokungahleleki, idala amathuba okusungula nokusabela kwendawo kuyilapho iveza ukungalingani nokungalingani.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlanganyela Isivumelwano Sesigqi

Ekugcineni, amalungelo okuvota anenjongo uma izakhamuzi ziwasebenzisa. Isithembiso sokhetho (Cvivic) okuhlanganisa hhayi nje nokuvota kodwa nokuhlala wazisiwe ngezindaba zomphakathi, ukuxhumana nezikhulu ezikhethiwe, ukuhlanganyela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, nokuhlanganyela enkulumweni yasobala (hn) ibalulekile ekutholeni umbuso wentando yeningi onempilo.

I-Voter eUnited States ngokomlando ibiphansi kunezindawo eziningi zedemokrasi ezimisiwe, nakuba iye yanda okhethweni lwamuva. I-Turneut ihluka ngokuphawulekayo ngeqembu lamanani abantu, nezakhamuzi esezikhulile, ezicebile, nezifundile kakhulu ngokuvota ngamazinga aphakeme kunezakhamuzi ezisencane, ezimpofu, nezingafundile. Lokhu kukhetha okuhlukile kusho ukuthi abakhethi abawubonisi ngokugcwele umphakathi ofanelekayo, inqubo engenzeka ewumphumela.

Ukuvota kudinga ukusingatha kokubili izithiyo zokwakha kanye nesisusa somuntu siqu. Ukwenza ukuvota kutholakale futhi kube lula kungasiza, kodwa kungasiza imfundo yomphakathi esiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde indlela uhulumeni okuthinta ngayo ukuphila kwazo nendlela ezingakuthonya ngayo. Ukwakha isiko elikwazisayo ukuhlanganyela komphakathi futhi libheka ukuvota njengokuyilungelo nomthwalo wemfanelo empilweni ende yentando yeningi.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuvikela Nokusebenzisa Amalungelo

Emishinini Ngaminye

Izakhamuzi ngazinye zingathatha izinyathelo eziningana zokuqinisekisa ukuthi zingawasebenzisa amalungelo azo okuvota:

  • Umbhalisi wokuvota kwasekuqaleni: Hlola isikhathi sokubhalisa sikahulumeni wakho bese ubhalisa kusengaphambili. Qiniseka ukuthi ukubhalisa kwakho kuyasebenza phambi kokhetho ngalunye.
  • Ungazi lutho ngezimfuneko: Yazi ukuthi yiziphi izikhombi noma amanye amaphepha okudingeka uwalethe ukuze uvote esifundazweni sakho. Qonda imithetho kahulumeni wakho ngokuvota kwasekuqaleni, ukuvota okungekho, nezinqubo zoSuku lokuvota.
  • phambili: Nquma ukuthi uzovota nini futhi kuphi. Uma uvota umuntu, yazi indawo yakho yokuvota namahora. Uma uvota ngeposi, cela ibhola lakho ngokushesha futhi ulibuyisele.
  • Yazi amalungelo akho: Uqonda ukuthi yimaphi amalungelo onawo njengomvoti, kuhlanganise nelungelo lokukusiza uma uwadinga, ilungelo lokuthola i-ace bolot uma uphenywa, nelungelo lokubika izinkinga.
  • [ Siza abanye bavote: Hlanganisa ulwazi ngokubhalisa nokuvota nabangane nomndeni. Zivote ngokuzithandela noma ngempoqo yokuvota. Sekela izinhlangano ezisebenzela ukuvikela amalungelo okuvota.

Emiphakathini Nasemihlanganweni

Izinhlangano zomphakathi, amaqembu omphakathi, nezinhlangano zombuso zifeza indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni nasekukhuliseni amalungelo okuvota:

  • Imishini yokubhalisa ivoti: hlela imizamo yokubhalisa abavoti abafanelekayo, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini engakholeki.
  • [ Imfundo yevoti: Inikeza ukwaziswa okucacile, okungabhali ngokomthetho mayelana nendlela yokubhalisa, indawo yokuvota, nokuthi yini ezoba khona ku-bolot.
  • Usizo lolimi: Lunikeza izinto nosizo ngezilimi eziningi ukuze kusizwe imiphakathi ehlukene.
  • [[I-FLT:0] usizo lokuthumela: Siza abavoti abaswele izinto zokuhamba ukuba baye ezindaweni zokuvota noma ekuvoteni iposi.
  • [ Ukuhlola iPoll:[ Isitimela kanye nama-monitor okuvota ukuze kuqashelwe izinkinga zokuvota nokubika.
  • [ Umthetho womsebenzi wokuvota:[ Umsebenzi wezimiso ezinweba amathuba okuvota nokuvikela amalungelo okuvota.
  • [ I-Litigation:[ Ibekela imithetho nemikhuba ehlukanisayo kubavoti noma yenza isithiyo esingadingekile ekuvoti.

Kubenzi Bemithetho Nabaphathi Bokhetho

Labo abanomthwalo wemfanelo wokwenza nokusebenzisa isimiso sokuvota kufanele babeke kuqala kokubili ukutholakala nokulondeka:

  • [ Amathuba okuvota anwetshiwe:[ Ukuvota kwangoko, ukungabheki ungekho, nokubhalisa kosuku olufanayo uma kungenzeka.
  • [ Isekela imithombo eyanele:[ Isekela imali eyanele yemishini yokuvota, ukuqeqesha isisebenzi sokuvota, kanye nokuqondisa ukhetho.
  • Gcina amavota anembile: gcina uhlu lokubhalisa lukhona kuze kube manje kuyilapho uqinisekisa ukuthi abavoti abafanelekayo abasuswanga ngokungafanele.
  • Yenza izindawo zokuvota zitholakale: kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izindawo zokuvota zivumelana nezimfuneko ze-ADA futhi zisendaweni engcono.
  • [ Usizo lolimi lweProvide: Nikeza izitayela, izinto, nosizo ngezilimi ezikhulunywa izingxenye eziphawulekayo zomphakathi.
  • [ Ukuhlanganisa kucacile: nikeza ukwaziswa okucacile, okunembile mayelana nokubhaliswa, izinqubo zokuvota, nezimfuneko ngezindlela eziningi.
  • Izimiso ezisekelwe kubufakazi: Sebenzisa ukwaziswa nokucwaninga ukuze ubone izinkinga zangempela kanye namakhambi aphumelelayo.
  • [[UKWENZIWA:0] Ukugcina ukukhanya: Ukuziphatha kokhetho ngendlela esobala, esobala ebangela ukuzethemba komphakathi.

Isiphetho: Umzabalazo Oqhubekayo Wokulwela Ukuphana Ngamalungelo

Umlando wamalungelo okuvota eUnited States uyindaba yokwanda okuhambisana nezithiyo nezimpi eziqhubekayo. Kusukela ekubekeni imingcele elinganiselwe yenkathi yokusungulwa kuya esimisweni sanamuhla esihlanganisa zonke, ukwanda ngakunye kwamalungelo okuvota kuye kwadinga umzamo oqhubekayo wabashisekeli, abameleli, nezakhamuzi ezivamile ezifuna ilungelo labo lokuhlanganyela ekubuseni ngentando yeningi.

Kodwa umsebenzi awupheli. Izinselele eziphawulekayo zisalokhu, kuhlanganise nokwehlisa imingcele ye-Voting Rights Act, imingcele yezinga likahulumeni eyenza ukuvota kube nzima kakhulu kwezinye izakhamuzi, ukuhlukanisa kwezindawo kunqamule amaqembu abantu, nezimpikiswano eziqhubekayo zokulinganisela ukulondeka nokuthola. Umbuzo oyinhloko wokuthi ubani ozovota futhi angakwenza kalula kangakanani uyaqhubeka uphikiswana.

Ukuvikela nokuthuthukisa amalungelo okuvota kudinga ukuqapha nokuthembisana kuyo yonke imikhakha yomphakathi. Izakhamuzi ngabanye kumelwe zisebenzise ilungelo lazo lokuvota futhi zisize abanye benze okufanayo. Izinhlangano zomphakathi kumelwe ziqhubeke nomsebenzi wazo wokuvota, zinikeze imfundo nosizo, futhi zisekele izimiso ezingcono. Abaphathi bemithetho nokhetho kumelwe babeke kuqala kokubili ukulondeka nokuphumelela kokhetho, zisekela izinqumo zazo ebufakazini nasemithethweni eyinhloko ukuthi zonke izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo kufanele zikwazi ukuvota.

Ukunikeza amalungelo kuyisisekelo salokho kuhlanganyela. Ngokuqonda umlando wamalungelo okuvota, uhlelo olungokomthetho lwamanje, nezinselele eziqhubekayo, sonke singanikela ekwenzeni idemokrasi ibe nesizotha, ifinyeleleke futhi iphelele.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana namalungelo okuvota nendlela yokubhalisa ekuvoteni, vakashela iVote.gov, ikhomu likahulumeni elisemthethweni lokuvota. Ukufunda ngomthetho wamanje wamalungelo okuvota kanye nokuvota, izinhlangano ezifana [[[[FLT:]] Brennan Center yeJaji [ ne-[FLT] i-Location Union [[FLT:][FLT]] inikeza imithombo yezentengiso nemithetho esemthethweni ye-FLT]. [[FLT:]

Ngokuhlala sinolwazi ngentando yeningi, sihlanganyela ngenkuthalo futhi sisebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izakhamuzi ezifanelekayo zingavota, siyakuhlonipha ukuzidela kwalabo ababelwela amalungelo okuvota esikhathini esidlule futhi basisize ukuba bakhe ikusasa elingokwentando yeningi ngokwengeziwe.