Amabhizinisi amancane (SMEs), avame ukubizwa eNdiya ngokuthi ama-microll, amancane, ama-MS, ayisisekelo somnotho wezwe. Anikela cishe ngamaphesenti angu-30 e-GDP, alandisa ngemisebenzi ekhiqizwayo ecishe ibe ngu-45%, futhi angumthombo omkhulu wemisebenzi ngemva kwezolimo. Naphezu kwendima yabo enzima, ama-SMEs aye abhekana nezithiyo ezinkulu kakhulu, , zenza i-spolencence, i-tecrome esemthethweni, i-omilligister, i-scence, i-ronationsss, i-medial ekhudssss, i-expointstion, i-mestion, i-mesting, i-Sme, i-Sme orcenception, i-magement. Le ngxenye enikeza ingcingo ethembekileni, izinhlelo ezinkulu, i-o yokucwaninga, i-ormtive.

Ukuchaza Ihlelo Le - MSME: Ukuhlelwa Okusha

Ngaphambi kokuzama ukuthola izinyathelo zokusekela, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela uhulumeni manje awuchaza ngayo i-SMEs. [MMMME Development Act, 2006 yabukezwa ngokuphawulekayo ngoJuly 1, 2020, iqala isimiso sokuhlela esihlangeneyo esisekelwe kukho kokubili ekutshaleni kwezitshalo nemishini noma imishini kanye nokushintsha konyaka. Lokhu kwathatha indawo yemithetho yakudala yokutshala i-scrector-on, eyasusa amabhizinisi amaningi enkonzo.

Ukuhlelwa Kwezigaba (Nkakanyaka ka - July 2020)

  • [[I-FLT:0] Micro:[ I-inshorensi ye-crore kanye ne-ijikethi engu-625 crro.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ncinci:[ Ukufakwa kwemali 7610 crer kanye nokujika 7650 crer.
  • Iphakathi:[ Ukufakwa kwemali 7650 crore kanye ne-spever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Incazelo entsha yasusa umehluko phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi nemisebenzi, ukunwetshwa, nokuhlelwa kwakho kokubili ukutshala nokujika, okwenza kube lula ngamabhizinisi akhulayo ukugcina isikhundla seMSME. Yasusa futhi umehluko phakathi kokutshala i-operant (okwenza) nemishini (yokwenza) nemisebenzi, ukwenza lula. Lokhu kuhlelwa okukodwa kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuba athole izinzuzo zikahulumeni, kuhlanganise ne-Cherrective Confictal Fund kanye nezimfuneko zokuboleka imishini ephambili.

Izimiso Zomthetho Nemisebenzi Yesakhelo

Indlela kahulumeni isekelwe esisekelweni esiqinile somthetho nesimiso, kusukela kumthetho I-MSME Development Act, 2006, enikeza uhlelo lokunyuselwa, ukuthuthukisa, nokuthuthukisa ukuncintisana. Amalungiselelo abalulekile ahlanganisa:

  • [ Izikhokhelo: Abathengi kumele bakhokhe abathelisi beMSME phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-45, nenzalo yokujezisa uma kubambezelelwa.
  • [ Ukufakwa kwe-MSME Facilitation Council [ kwesinqumo.
  • [[[UMTL:0] Ukusekela umfundisi wezifundo [[[QONDO:1] wezinhlelo ezinjenge-Creator Spective Fund.

Ngalé kwesenzo, i-National Policy on MSMEs (2029) ihlela imapu yomgwaqo ogxile ekusebenzeni kalula kwebhizinisi, ukufinyelela ekuthengeni, ukufinyelela emakethe, ikhono, ukuthuthukisa, nobuchwepheshe obuyi-gradiation. Isimiso sisekela izinhlelo ze-MSME ezihamba phambili njenge progilamu eNdiya [[FLT:]], [[FLT:]] [FLT]], u-Digatal iNdiya[, kanye ne-ALT] i-India.

Ukusekela Nezikweletu Zezimali

Ukuthola isikweleti esibizayo, esingakhokhwa sisesona esinika amandla kakhulu ekukhuleni kwe-SME. Uhulumeni uthumele amathuluzi amaningi ukuvala igebe lokuthenga ngesikweleti, elilinganiselwa kuma-7625 lakhro.

Ukuthembela Kwemali Eqinisekisiwe Ngezimali Ngezinto Ezincane Nezincane (CGTMSE)

I-CGTMSE yaqala ngo-2000, inikeza imali ebolekwayo ekhululekile ye-765 crore (eqiniswe ngokufanele kusukela ku-762 crore) ukuya kumabhizinisi amancane namancane. Icebo lihlanganisa imali engu-85% yemali ebolekwayo elungiselelwe amabhizinisi amancane, futhi 75% yabesifazane abahwebi benani eliphansi kakhulu. Kusukela ngo March 2024, imali eboletwayo engaphezu kwengu-5 93.5 crefere. Isinyathelo sokuthatha isinyathelo sisebenza ebhange ukuze sikhuthaze amabhange ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso somuntu siqu.

I - Prime Minister’s Programme of Accomplication Programme (PMEGP)

IPMEGP iyicebo elincishiswe ngesikweleti elisiza ekumiseni iziqalisi ezintsha ezincane ekwakheni nasezindaweni ezisebenzayo. Uhulumeni unikeza izindleko ezingaphansi kwengu-15%-35% zomsebenzi, kanye nezindleko ezishiyekile ezixhaswa amabhange. Umba wokuqala unikezwa abesifazane, i-SC/ST, kanye namanye amaqembu angenasidingo. Kusukela lapho ithuthwa ngo-2008/09, PMEGP iye yasekela imisebenzi engaphezu kwe-15, engenisa imisebenzi engaphezu kwe-16 kh.

I-Scheme eliyi-India phezulu

Ihlosiwe ukunikeza i-SC/ST nabesifazane imali ebolekwayo ebhange le-610 lakh kuya kumabhizinisi aluhlaza. Icebo lokuthi igatsha ngalinye lebhange linikeze imali engaka emibili (imali ebolekiwe) kowesifazane obolekayo neyomtshelekayo we-SC/ST. Ibuye inikeze ukusekela ezikhungweni ezinikezelwe imfundo. Ngo-2024, imali ebolekwayo elingana nemali engu-65 000) yasuswa phakathi kwama-arendice 2,1.

Ibhange Lentuthuko Lezimboni Elincane LaseNdiya (SIDBI)

SIDBI isebenza njengenhlangano eyinhloko yezezimali yokunyuselwa, ukuxhaswa kwezimali, nokuthuthukiswa kwengxenye yeMSME. Inikeza ukuboleka ngokuqondile, ukubuyisela emabhange nase-NBFC, futhi isekela inhloko - dolobha yezebhizinisi ukuze iqale kabusha. FULTY] FOLFS yemikhakhakha] yemali isiza amaqembu enkampanini yokuthenga imali futhi asebenzisele imali eboleneyo.

I - Scheme Exhunyiwe Eyinhloko Engahlotshisiwe (CLCS)

ICLCS ihlose ukukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obungahlukani ngokunikeza inhloko - dolobha engaphezulu ka-15% (kusukela ku-761.5 crore) imali ebolekwayo ethathwayo ukuze imishini nemishini yanamuhla isetshenziswe. Kusukela ekubukezeni kwayo ngo-2017, icebo lihlanganisa izigaba zemishini ezingu-240+ ezihlanganisa izimboni ezidayisa indwangu, inqubo yokulungisa ukudla, kanye nobunjiniyela be-enjiniyela. I-susidy ibuya emuva, okusho ukuthi ikhokhelwa obolekayo ngemva kokuba ikhokhile ngokugcwele noma ngemva kwesikhathi esimisiwe, iqinisekisa isijeziso sokusebenza kwemali eboletwayo.

Ukuthola I - disc Ephuthumayo Kuqinisekisa Ngesu Lokwekhela Imali (ECLGS) – Ukusabela Okuphuthumayo

Phakathi ne-COVID-19, uhulumeni wamisa i-ECLGS, enikeza ikhulu 100% isiqinisekiso sokuthola i-MS3 lakh i-MS, nesithakazelo esingaphansi kwe-2% nge-anum. Icebo laba yintambo, ilondoloza imisebenzi elinganiselwa ku-1,5,5 yemisebenzi ngokuvumela amabhizinisi ukuba ahlangabezane nezindleko ezisebenzayo. Impumelelo yayo yaholela ekwandisweni nasekukhuphukeni kwamangxenye anjengezemfudusweni wokungenisa izihambi nokwakha. Ngango-2023, ngaphezu kwe-crore yasuswa ngaphansi kwe-ECLGS.

Ukusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nezinqubo Zobuchwepheshe

Uhulumeni uyaqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini nobuchwepheshe kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amaSME ancintisane nembulunga yonke.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwe - computer ENdiya Nokusetshenziswa Kwe - mSME

Ngaphansi komkhankaso i-digital India, i-Ministry of MSME iye yasungula umboniso onikezelwe I-MSME Digital Platform[ (isimiso se-UVT]) esifaka ukubhalisa, izinhlelo ezicushwayo, kanye nezikhalazo zokubuyisela i-Rescrective. I-partum ehlangene ne- Udyam Evolugity[[ isimiso som, esithathe indawo ye-Udyog Aadrathray Mainram in 2020. Udy Reblication iyi-ixobon, ihlangene nenzuzo yentela, futhi iveza ukuphumelela kalula kwe-MFM.

Ubuchwepheshe Buyawohloka Futhi Buyasetshenziswa Esikhathini Sanamuhla

I- i-Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (TUFS), nakuba ekuqaleni igxile ezindwangwini, ikhuliswe ukuze ihlanganise amanye amangxenye akhiqizwayo. i-SIDBIDI futhi iqhuba i-[[[[FLT:]] SIDBDININCOY] ne-UPUPURGUING (I-SIPC) ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bezekhono. I-SMERN, i-S, i-[FLT] i-ManctiveIIIINCOUTY [[FFLT] inikeza usizo lwezimali lokusebenzisa amathuluzi anciphiweyo anjenge-5, i-Kan, i-kancncn, ne-acity ye-acid ye-80%% ye-matic SCMive i-'eactives.

Izikhungo Zobungqabavu Ezivamile (CFC) Namakamelo Amathuluzi

Uhulumeni usungule izakhiwo ezingaphezu kwekhulu iCummon Facial Centers ngaphansi kwe-MSME Clark Development Programme. Lezi zikhungo zinikeza imishini ehlanganyelweyo, amaklabhu, amaklastiki, nezindawo zokulungisa. Ngokwesibonelo, iCFCCs eLudhiana inikeza amathuluzi e-CNC, kuyilapho lawo ase-Titupur’s likha i-aclup inikeza imishini ephambili yokudaya nokwenza imishini yokuqeda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagumbi e-CFLT ngaphansi kwe-NC (ICICProcrectioners Inveracture) kanye nezinye izikhungo zomphakathi zinikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwe-othobo, ukuhlelwa kwemishi, nokuhlola kwemishini.

Ukutholakala Kwezentengiselwano Nokuthuthukiswa Kwamazwe Angaphandle

Ukuthola imikhiqizo emakethe − kokubili ekhaya nasemhlabeni wonke — kuyinselele engapheli. Izindlela zokuthatha isinyathelo zihloselwe ukunciphisa izithiyo.

Intengo kahulumeni (i-GEM)

Iqalwe ngo-2016, i-Hulumeni e-MCT (GeM) iyindawo emisa i-partimeter yomphakathi ukuze ithole imali. Kusukela ngo-202020, zonke izinkonzo neminyango kumelwe zithenge okungenani amaphesenti angu-25 ezimpahla neminyango yazo ku-MSMEs, neziphethu ezintathu ezigcinelwe amabhizinisi azimele abesifazane. Njengango-2024, iGEM iye yahlela iziyalezo ezilingana ne-62 lakh crore ukusuka eMSMEs, igawula izikhathi zokulungisa i-msmes futhi isusa abantu abaphakathi.

Ukuthenga Uzungu Nokusekela Ngaphandle Kwezwe

Uhulumeni uphinde wahlela i- I-FLT Application Scheme yabathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, inikeza i-3%-5% isithakazelo esifinyelelwe ngaphambi kohambo nohambo lwangemva kwe-rapeece i-rupee i-MSmeeve ijekeza i-MS. i-Promotion Councils [[FLT: 3] [umz.uM., i-Pingiertension Ervenionsion Provenionsion Councition, Appliontion Councion) isiza i-S ekuhlanganyelenist hwebo lwezenteroundations nezokuhwebela zezizwe zezwe namazwe, futhi izindleko zikahulumeni ezithengwa ngentengo ezithengwayo. [FLD:4]

Ukutholakala Kwezentengiselwano Nosizo Olukhazimulisayo

Ngaphansi I-Market Access Immunition Scheme (MAAS), ama-MSME athola ukusekela okungokwezimali kwezindlela zokukhangisa zaphesheya ezihlanganisa i-catalog yomkhiqizo, ukuhumusha iwebhusayithi, nokukhangisa kwezezezokuxhumana. Scheme for Promoting Innovation, Moral Information & Entrepreneurship isiza ekumiseni izikhungo zomzalo phakathi kwamabhizinisi asemaphandleni nezimakethena zasedolo.

Ukuthuthuka Kwamakhono Nokuqeqeshwa Kwangaphambili

Izisebenzi ezinekhono nabathengisi abanekhono bayisisekelo sempumelelo yeSME.

Ukuthunywa KwelaseNdiya Okunekhono Kwemizimba

Ngaphansi Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yoyana (PMKVY]), izimo eziklanywe ngokwesiko ze-MSMEtics-metaces (ezifana neprojekthi yepulasitiki, i-Prad, i-IT. Ukuqeqesha kuthwalwa nguhulumeni, futhi ukuhlelwa kweposi kuholela ekuqashelweni kwe-crective yemboni. INhlangano ye-SCMC yezentelligement (NTC) imboni yokuqeqesha i-job.

Izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi (EDPs)

I-Introt interrenational for Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (ISC) iqhuba u-EDPs owesihlanu ngosuku lokuhlela ibhizinisi, ukuphatha ngokwezimali, ukuthengisa kwamanani, nokuvuma. Abathathi hlangothi bathola ukusekela kothisha unyaka owodwa. Kubesifazane abanebhizinisi, kunezinhlelo ezinikezelwe ezifana no-EDHP Treneurship Active nentuthuko (TREAD), okunikeza ukuqeqeshwa okufinyelela ku 75% yengqikithi yengqikithi yezindleko, okuhambisana nophahla lwe-9kh.

Amanethi Okuthambisa Nokusebenzisa I - methorashic

Uhlelo lweMSME luxhase i-100 Business Incubation Centers (BICS) phakathi kwamakholiji namayunivesithi obunjiyela. Lezi zi-BICS zinikeza izimali zembewu, izisekelo zemisebenzi, kanye nobuchwepheshe kuqalo lobuchwepheshe. MMME Growd Driver & Accessource to Ezemali (GDAF) platifomu ye-SIBRIBH] i-SDI i-injinia i-actams processss nomthetho, izinhlelo zombuso, izinhlelo, nabezohwebo nge-'izinombolo eyodwa.

Ukukhokha Intela Nokubambisana

Ukungabi namali kwebhizinisi kuye kwaba yinqubo, futhi izinguquko eziningana ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwazo ziye zazuzisa amaSME.

Udwebo Lwe - GST Coming

I-MSMEs ehamba ngenkathi efinyelela ku-761.5 crore ingakhetha i-Compostion Scheme ngaphansi kwe-GST, ikhokhela isilinganiso esiyisicaba se-1%-5% endaweni ye-GST evamile, enezimfuneko ezincishisiwe. I-cread yokubuya kanye namaphepha amancane kakhulu asebenzayo kunciphisa umthwalo wokulawula.

Ukuzikhulula Ngentela

Uhulumeni unciphise intela yenkampani ye-MSMEs (eyenyuke yaba ngu-6400 crore) ibe ngu-25% (isilinganiso esiphansi), kanye ne-insonsolo ne-ces. Ingxenye 80-IAC ivumela ukuqala (kuhlanganise namaMSME) ukuba inciphe inzuzo eminyakeni emithathu elandelanayo eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala. Kumabhizinisi amancane, izimfuneko zokuthengwa kwentela zikhishwe kuphela uma kuvela ibhizinisi elingaphezu kwe-61 creor (kwezebhizinisi) noma i-sanq (ochwepheshe), ukunikeza usizo lwezinkampani ezincane.

I - menoinknetic and Bankruptic Code (IBC) Ye - MSME

I-IBC inesisekelo esilula sesinqumo se-MSME. Inqubo elungiswe kusengaphambili yokuncibilikisa ivumela izikweletu ezicindezelekile ukuba zixazulule izikweletu nabakweleti ezingezinsuku ezingu-20 000, zinciphise ukuphazamiseka. Umnyango wokuqalisa i-menuty uhlala uphansi (iphutha le-MS1 lakh), kodwa ama-MSME azuza futhi ekuphumuleni ekufuneni inani elilinganiselwe labakweletayo ukuze kushukumise lenqubo.

Izinselele Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele ezibanzi, izinselele eziningana ziyaqhubeka. Ukuqaphela nokufinyelela amaqhinga kuhlala kungalingani, ikakhulukazi emaphandleni nasemabhizinisini amancane kakhulu. AmaMSOME asathembele emasheleni angahleliwe ngenxa yamaphepha anzima ngenxa ye-CGTMMSE. Isikhonkwane samuva ezintweni ezingakhathi namandla asenciphile, futhi ukukhokha okubambezelekayo kuhlala kukhathazekile, futhi okukhona kusekhona. I-MSMESamadan[[[[FLTRA:1] yecrogen] yethebhu (ukuhlehlisa izikhalazo) kuye kwasiza ekuxazululeni izikhalo ezingaphezu kuka-5.

Uma ubheka phambili, uhulumeni uveza ama-MSME ukuba ahlele, asebenzise izindleko zobuchwepheshe, futhi abeke imali esele ekucwaninga. I-MSMEAL PMD 2024 uhlongoza i-software ehlangeneyo ye-ERP esekelwe eMSME, ukuvumelana, nokuhlola kokuthenga ngesikweleti. iProduction I-Intective Intellivence (PLI) Udwebo lwe-PLT [ lwezingxenye ezingu-14, kanti zijoliswe emafemini amakhulu, zikhuthaza ukuba zibe ingxenye yamakethe okuqoqwa kwemali embulunga yonke. Ukugxila ekukhiqini nokutshani okuluhlaza kulindeleke ukuba kuvuleke amathuba amasha.

KuSmes ngokwayo, imfuneko icacile: ukusetshenziswa kwamasu amaningi akhona, ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi, nokufuna izindlela ezisemthethweni zokuthenga ngesikweleti. Uhulumeni uye walungiselela iscaffolding(i - onus ihlala emabhizinisini ukuze yakhe phezu kwayo.

Imivubukulo Yangaphandle Yokufundwa Okwengeziwe

Ukuze uhlale uthuthukisiwe ngezinguquko zesimiso futhi usebenzise izinhlelo ezifanelekile, vakashela lezi zikhungo ezingokomthetho:

Le mithombo inikeza imininingwane yamasu, izinhlelo, izikhalo, nokulungisa isimo sangempela sezinguquko ezithinta amaSME aseNdiya.