Isingeniso: Indima YoMbusi Ekusebenziseni Izimali Emuva Kwezwe

Lapho ukuwohloka okukhulu kwezomnotho kugadla ngobhadane, inhlekelele engokwemvelo, noma ukuwa kwezomnotho kuhluka kakhulu ezindaweni zase-U.S. Nakuba isimiso sikahulumeni sinikeza indawo ephansi yesizwe, ababusi bakahulumeni bayaziqaphela izimiso, basebenzise izinto eziza kuqala, futhi bahlele izimo ezithinta amabhizinisi, izisebenzi, nabanikazi bezimali. Ukuhola kwe-Gubernator akusona nje isici esingokomfanekiso; kuthinta indlela uhulumeni olungisa ngayo umsebenzi ngokushesha, odonsa inhloko yedolobha, futhi uvuselela ukuqiniseka komphakathi. Lesi sihloko sihlola izindlela ezikhethekile ababusi abathinta ngazo ukululama kwezomnotho, izindlela eziye zabonakala ziphumelela kakhulu, kanye nezingagunyazamandla okuthi ngisho nomholi ongcono kakhulu owenziwe ngokuzicabangela.

Abaholi abaphumelelayo bangasheshisa ukululama ngokwenza izinqumo ezikhuthaza ukuqiniseka kwezebhizinisi, ukuvikela imisebenzi, nokukhanga ukutshala imali.

Imishini Yethonya Lezinto Ezingalawuleki Ekwenabelweni Kwezomnotho

Igunya Lokusebenzisa Imali Nesimiso Semali

Abalawuli bahlongoza indlela yokuhlela imali kahulumeni futhi baphethe i-train imagement translate devito noma i-veto egcwele igunya lokusebenzisa izikweletu. Phakathi nenhlekelele, lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukuqondisa izimali ekusizeni okuphuthumayo, amabhizinisi amancane, kanye nemishwana yokuthuthukisa umshuwalense wokungasebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinyangeni zokuqala zobhadane lwe-COVID . kumazwe anjengeCalifornia ne New York, asebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhlela imali ukuze athenge ngezigidi zezigidi zezigidi zamaRandi ekunakekeleni izakhiwo zezempilo futhi aqondise usizo lwemali. Ikhono lokushintsha izimali ngokushesha kwemali ngaphandle kokulinda imvume yemithetho yezikhulu zezikhulu.

Ukuhleleka Okuqondiswayo Nokuvumelana Nezimiso

Ngeziyalo zezikhulu, ababusi bangamisa imithetho okwesikhashana, ukujezisa izimfuneko ezithathayo, noma ukusheshisa ukuvumela izakhiwo nemisebenzi yezezisekelo. Phakathi nokuvinjelwa kwezomnotho kuka-202020, ababusi abaningi bayala ukuba kuhlehliswe ukuqashwa kwentela nokukhokhwa kwezindlu, i-octiveortical iving, futhi banciphise izikhundla zezisebenzi zezempilo. Le misebenzi iqinisa imali yasekhaya futhi igcina amabhizinisi encibilikile, ilondoloza isisekelo sezomnotho ukuze alulame.

Isimiso Semithetho Se - agenda Nesakhiwo Sobumbano

Abalawuli futhi bahlela ukululama ngokuhlela kwabo imithetho. Umbusi obeka kuqala inguquko yentela, ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi, noma ukutshala isisekelo angaphoqelela lezizinto phambili kwekhalenda lomthetho. Ngisho nasezindaweni lapho isishaya-mthetho silawulwa khona yiqembu eliphikisayo, umbusi onekhono angaxoxa ngezimali ezikhokhelwayo ezivikelayo ze-bipartisan. Ikhono lokuhlela ukulandisa ngenkinga futhi abeke izinto eziza kuqala yikho umthombo ongakhonziwe yize.

Izitayela Zobuholi Nemiphumela Yazo Engokomnotho

Ukuholwa Kwawo

Ukucwaninga kwezezezebhizinisi zomphakathi nezezombangazwe kusikisela ukuthi ababusi abaphangayo nabathatha isinyathelo esiqinile ngaphambi kokuba izinhlekelele zivele ngokugcwele, bazimisele ukuveza ukuphumelela okusheshayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ababusi abasebenzisa izinhlelo zosizo zebhizinisi lokuqala nemithetho ecacile yomphakathi phakathi nobhadane bavame ukubona izilinganiso ezincane zokuswelakala komsebenzi kanye nomkhiqizo wezwe osheshayo (GSP). Abaholi abanobupheli, abalindele isiqondiso sikahulumeni noma ukucindezela kwendawo, bangafaka izibalo futhi balahlekelwe ithuba lokulungisa ukuvuselelwa ngokwemibono yabo.

Izindlela ezibanzi zokufunda

Abaholi ababambisana nohulumeni bendawo, izinkampani zezebhizinisi, nezinyunyana zezisebenzi bangaklama izinhlelo zokululama ezijabulela ukuthenga okubanzi futhi ezisetshenziswa kalula. Ngokuhlukile, izenzo ezingabhekisi phambili. Ngokufana nemithetho yezempilo yendawo noma ukubeka imingcele yebhizinisi ngaphandle kokubuzane ne-(-accounting profectal) badala izinselele ezingokomthetho, ukuphambana komphakathi, nokungaqiniseki kwezebhizinisi. Ababusi abaphumelelayo kakhulu bahlela ukulinganisela: basebenzisa igunya eliphethe lapho isivinini sibucayi kodwa futhi befeza nemisebenzi nemikhandlu yezeluleko ukuze bahlanganise izimo ezihlukahlukene.

Ukukhulumisana Nokwethembana

Ikhono lombusi lokukhuluma ngecebo lokulungisa izinto elicacile nelinokwethenjelwa. Izakhamuzi namabhizinisi alungisa ukuziphatha kwawo ngokusekelwe ekulindeleni izimiso zesikhathi esizayo. Ukukhulumisana okuthembekile kunciphisa ukungaqiniseki, kukhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwemali emsebenzini wezomnotho ovamile. Ohulumeni ababhekwa njengababonisayo nabahlale benokwethemba kakhulu phakathi nobunzima.

Imithetho Eyinhloko Abaholi Bamajaji Basebenzisa Ikhono Lokululama Kwezomnotho

Ukukhokha Intela Nokukhuthaza

Ukusika noma ukulinganisela intela kungelinye lamathuluzi aqondile. Phakathi nonyaka ka-2008 wezinkinga zezimali futhi phakathi nentela ye-COVID-19, amazwe amaningi ancishisiwe intela yenkampani, avumela ukulahlekelwa yinetha kuthathe izindleko zokusebenza, noma anikeze izikweleti zentela ezikhokhelwayo zokuqasha. Omashi futhi kumelwe bacabangele ukugcinwa okunde kwentela: ukuncishiswa kwemali okujulile kungabulala isimo semali edingekayo ezinkonzweni zomphakathi, kodwa izisusa ezifakelwe phambili zingadonsa izimboni futhi zibangele ukukhubazeka kwemisebenzi. Izibonelo ezikhokhelwayo zihlanganisa [[FLT:] uGreggn Accott’s intela ephansi] ekukhokheni kwezentengongongongo ye-Entelxas, [FFond] [Foff]

Ukuthuthuka Kwezisebenzi Nemfundo

Ukululama akukona nje ukudala imisebenzi efanayo. Abaphathi bangandisa izinhlelo zomphakathi zasekholiji, ukusekela ukuqashwa okufushane, nomngane wemboni ukuba aklame izinhlelo zesikole ezihlangabezana nesidingo esisheshayo semisebenzi. Umlawuli uGavin Newsom's “Ukwembula isithunzi nemishini enikezwa umsebenzi omningi kakhulu ekuqeqesheni izimemo zokungenisa izihambi nezikhundla zempilo, kuyilapho uGrow’s [umphathi uGapply’s à’s uthisha wakho siqu] ukhuluma ngokuswela okuko okukodwa kodwa okubalulekile. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zinciphisa ukuqeqeshwa kokuqesha umsebenzi nokusebenza isikhathi eside.

Ukutshala Imali

Imisebenzi yomphakathi (imisebenzi enzima, amabhuloho, ukufakwa kwamanzi, ukusungulwa kwezimiso zokwakha, ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwezwe. Ohulumeni bangasheshisa imisebenzi yenhlokomfa eyayihleliwe kakade, noma bamise izinyathelo ezintsha zokuxhasa ukuvuselelwa kwezakhiwo eziqondile. UMbusi weNew York Kathy Hochul’s uhlela [izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-202], wafaka ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo zezakhiwo, wahlanganisa ukutshala imali ekwandiseni amandla avuselelwe kanye neziteshishi ezihloselwe ukukhuthaza ukuchuma kweposi kazwe. [[FLT] .[FLT] .Roct:2] uRGrigarn Dectives [FOLD]] [FOLD]] [FOLD]] [FOLD]]

Ukuqondisa Impilo Nokusebenza

Izisebenzi eziphilile ziyizisebenzi ezisebenzayo. Abaholi abakwazi ukusingatha izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi (imikhankaso yokugoma, ukukhubazeka kwesibhedlela, izinkonzo zempilo yengqondo) banciphisa ukungasebenzi futhi bavimbele ukukhubazeka okuthatha isikhathi eside, okuthi nakho kusekele ukuphuma kwezomnotho. Phakathi nalesifo, basho ukuthi balondoloza ukungenwa izifo okuphansi namanani okufa ngokuvamile abathola ukunciphisana okungajulile kwezomnotho kanye nokuvuseleleka ngokushesha. Abaholi abafaka imali ezindaweni zezempilo zomphakathi, kanye nezimiso zokwaziswa zezempilo zomphakathi bakha inzuzo ekhona phakathi nenkathi yokululama.

Umngane womphakathi (P3s)

AmaP3 avumela amazwe ukuba asebenzise inhloko - dolobha yomuntu siqu kanye nobuchwepheshe bemisebenzi emikhulu ngaphandle kokuhlela ngokushesha izimali zomphakathi. Abaphathi bangasekela umthetho ovumela amaP3 ukuze akwazi ukuthutha, amandla, nezindlu zokuhlala ezibizayo. Ngokwesibonelo, iGoveror Hogan yaseMaryland yasebenzisa amaP3 ukuze ixhase umsebenzi we-Profluf Line lightgrade protranscolot, idala izinkulungwane zemisebenzi yokwakha nokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana kwezifunda. Uma zihlelwe kahle, lezi zihlanganisa ziletha izinzuzo zezomnotho ezinde lapho zisakaza izingozi zezomnotho emphakathini nasemikhakheni yabantu.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo Ekuholeni Kwezitho Zomzimba Phakathi Nokululama Kwezimo Ezibucayi

ECalifornia: Isilinganiso esikhulu sika - 936 Isilinganiso Sosizo Nokubuyiselwa Kwezinto

UMbusi uGavin Newsom wabhekana nolunye lwesifo esinzima kakhulu sezomnotho salelizwe ngo-2020, enikezwa ukuvakasha okukhulu kwezentengiselwano, ukungenisa izihambi, nezindawo ezincane ze-chweba. I-California Small Business Covid COVFID 16) Uhlelo lweNzakhono [[FOVID:]19], olusakaza imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4 [amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-200 000] emabhizinisini amancane. Yaqala ukugoma okugoma okuhlasela okuhlasela okuhlasela okuhlasela ngobudlova kanye nokutshala imali eyizigidi ezingu-600 ezisebenzi, i-odola ngokushesha kunezindawo eziningi ezinkulu, nakuba izinselele ezifana nokukhokhela kwezindlu neholo, kodwa futhi kuqhubekeka. Umbiko wenhlangano ye-[FLD.2][FFOL][20]

EFlorida: Ukunqandwa Kwemithetho Yezohwebo Nokukhanga Kwebhizinisi

Umbusi uRon DeSantis wathatha indlela ehlukile, wagcizelela ukususwa kwemisebenzi nokuvuleka ngokushesha kwezomnotho. IFlorida ayizange ibeke i-odansi yokuzimela ezindaweni zonke; kunalokho, yathembela ezilinganisweni zempilo zendawo. Izwe futhi layeka izimfuneko eziningi zemisebenzi phakathi nosizi futhi labeka inyathelo elingcono elithi “Ukubuyela ekusebenzeni” elasiza izisebenzi ezifudukayo ukuba zithole imisebenzi emisha ngokushesha. Isilinganiso sokungasebenzi kweFlorida sehla kusuka ku-13,8% ngo-2020 kuya ku-5% ekupheleni kwe-201, ukuye kunyunyana kwe-201. Abagxeki bezwe likhomba izilinganiso zokufa ezikhuphukayo ngo-2020, kodwa ulwazi lwezezomnotho lubonisa ukuthi inhlanganisela yentela ephansi, intengo yezentengo ephansi, intekozohwebo egcwele ukuthuthukisa, izinhlangano zezisebenzi eziphambili zezentengo.[20]

INew York: Ukungenela Okunethonya Okune - Longgrade Sherm Ayaziwa

Ngaphansi koMbusi uAndrew Cuomo (futhi kamuva uMbusi uKathy Hochul), iNew York yasebenzisa ezinye zezinyathelo ezibanzi zokushukumisa kwasekuqaleni, kuhlanganise ne- “New York Force". isikhwama sokuboleka imali kanye ne-“COVID ■19 Pandemic Small Business Recovery Program. Izwe lafaka imali eningi ekuthuthweni komphakathi nasemtholakamelweni wezempilo. Nokho, isilinganiso esiphakeme sentela nezimiso ezimikhudlwana zanezela ekuncipheni kwezakhamuzi nasemabhizinisini ukuze kuncitshiswe amazwe. Intuthuko yezomnotho yaseNew York ngokwezentengo yezenteko yeze ngokwesizwe, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zemali nezokuhlola izakhiwo zezezezezomsebenzi. Ukuhlola okwenziwa yizezezezezezezwe kakhulu [FLT:][FLC:1] iqokoza ukuthi naphezu kwemikhaza amakhulu ezindaweni zokwakha, izakhiwo ezikude kakhulu, futhi ukuphumelela kwezezemisebenzi zezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezezwe kakhulu.[ibhishi

Isibonelo Esiqaphile: Ukuhola Kuyigebe Elilinganiselwe Ekuvumelaneni

Ezinye izifundazwe zalulama kancane ngenxa yokuhola okuhlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zalolubhadane, imiyalezo engqubuzanayo evela kubabusi neziphathimandla zempilo zendawo ezindaweni ezinjenge Missouri ne-South Carolina yadala ukudideka emabhizinisini. Ngaphandle kwecebo elicacile, elihlangene, amabhizinisi amancane amaningi ayesephuza ukuvuleka, ukuswelakala umsebenzi kwahlala kuphakeme isikhathi eside, futhi usizo lukahulumeni lwaluthatha kancane ukufinyelela kubantu abasengozini.

Izinselele Nokulinganiselwa Kwamandla Okuthutha

Iziphazamiso Zokulwa Nezikhulu Zasebugadeni

Abalawuli abasebenzi entweni eshayelelayo. Izimemezelo zenhlekelele, ukunikeza izimemezelo, nokukhipha imithetho kahulumeni ngokuvamile kunquma ukuthi izimali zikahulumeni zingahamba ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nenhlekelele ye-COVID 16), ababusi kwadingeka ukuba basebenzise imithetho eyinkimbinkimbi elungiselelweni lePacheck Program nenani elikhulu lomshuwalense wokungasebenzi. Umbuso we-Bureacharacratic (ukukwazi) ukumisa izinhlelo ze-openst, ukusakaza izimali, nokuphoqesha izimali (*). Izinhlangano zezezimali ezishinishiwe yizemali noma izinhlelo ze-IT eziphelelwe isikhathi zazama ukuthola imali ezandleni zezakhamuzi namabhizinisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi injongo kambusi.

Ukuhlanyiswa Kwelanga Nokufakwa Kwemigqa Eqinile

Ezindabeni lapho umbusi nomphathi wesishaya-mthetho bendawo yokwamukelwa kwezinhlangano eziphikisanayo, umthetho wokululama ungabambezelelwa noma uncishiswe. Impikiswano engu-2021 eWisconsin ngokuthi ukwamukela izinzuzo zokungabikho komsebenzi kukahulumeni iyisibonelo esivelele: UMbusi uTonyny Evers (D) wayefuna ukuqhubeka nezinzuzo ezithuthukisiwe, kodwa umthetho womthetho weRepublican àparcangrade washukumiseleka ukuba uziqede kuse phambili, uphikisa ngokuthi izindleko zamandla akhubazekile. Udokotela u-ccottrand àōfˈwar wabangela ukungaqiniseki kwabo bobabili izisebenzi nabaqashi. Izimpi ngokufanayo kuye kwavela eMichigan, ePennsylvanican, naseKansas. Umbusi we-Kansas kumelwe asebenzise amandla, ukunxusa umphakathi, kanye nokwethulwa kwe-‘eillecreacreacreaption ukuze anqobe ukuze anqobe izithi ezinjalo.

Imingcele Yohlelo Lokusebenzisa Imali Nemingcele Yomthetho - sisekelo

Izifunda eziningi zinemingcele elinganiselwe yokulungisa noma yemithetho esemthethweni yezikweletu. Ezinkingeni ezinkulu, izimali zehla kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ngababusi ukuveza amandla amakhulu emali ngaphandle kokukhipha izimali ze-306 (okungase kunganele) noma ukugawula ezinye izinhlelo. ICalifornia, eyakha amarekhodi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2022, yaba nenani elikhulu kunamazwe anjenge-Illinois noma i-New Jersey, angena kule nkinga ngenani elikhulu lemali enciphe kakhulu. Ifa le-gagundali lemali le-odansi yemvula lingabaluleka njengokukhetha kwabo okungokomthetho.

Izishayo Zangaphandle Ezingalindelekile

Ngisho nombusi onekhono kakhulu akanakulawula izenzakalo zembulunga yonke", ukuphazamiseka kwembulunga yonke, isithakazelo, noma ukuhlukahluka kwegciwane. Amasu okululama angabangelwa izici ezingaphandle kwemingcele kahulumeni. Ababusi abaqaphile bakha ushintsho emacebweni abo, ukuklama izinhlelo ezinganweba noma zivumelane nezivumelwano ezinganwetshwa njengezimo ezishintshayo, futhi balondoloze imali ebekelwe izinhlekelele zesikhathi esizayo.

Isiphetho: Uphawu Olungalungi Lombusi Ngokuhlenga Kwezomnotho ZoMbuso

Umholi ophambili wezemisebenzi uyinto eguquguqukayo eguquguqukayo ekulungiseni isimo ngokushesha nangokulinganayo ekulungiseni isimo esiphuthumayo. Ngezinqumo zemali, iziyalezo zokuqondisa, izinguquko ezilawulayo, nokusetshenziswa kwezimiso zomphakathi we-"%as, ababusi bahlela izimo zokukhula kwebhizinisi, ukudaleka komsebenzi, nokuzinza kwabenzi. Ukuhlolwa kwezezimali zase California, eFlorida, eNew York, kanye nabanye kubonisa ukuthi akukho ukusondela okulungile okukodwa . Okusebenza ngentengako ephansi kwemalini, i-langxbelt simente ephezulu, idolobha eliminyene. Nokho, izimiso ezithile zisekela emhlabeni wonke: ukucaca kwesivinini sokuxhumana, ijubane lokubambisana, nombono omude wokuthi akukho ukulinganisela kokukhululeka okusheshayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo.

Izinhlekelele zesikhathi esizayo − kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zibangelwa izinhlekelele zesimo sezulu, ukungahleleki kwezomnotho, noma izimo eziphuthumayo zempilo yomphakathi ziyohlola futhi ukuhola kukahulumeni. Abaqondisi kanye nabenzi bezimiso kufanele baqaphele kakhulu amakhono okubusa ababusi babo, ngoba izinqumo ezenziwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zenhlekelele zivame ukuguqula icebo lezomnotho iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Ukutshala izimali embusweni, ukwakha imifelandawo, nokufunda empumeleni ephumelelayo nasekwehlulekeni kwezindawo ezingaphambili zokuzivuselela kuyizindlela ezibalulekile eziya ezomnotho zikahulumeni eziqinile.

Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, uMbusi wesizwe weNhlangano yesizwe unikeza imibiko eningiliziwe ngamasu okuthuthukisa umbuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Bureau of Labor Statistics[ inikeza ukwaziswa komsebenzi wezwe okuvumela abaholi ukuba baqhubekele phambili ebhandeni.