Isingeniso

Umthetho wase-Ireland uye wathola idumela njengelinye lamalungiselelo aqinile kakhulu okuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu phakathi kwe-European Union, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini. Amaqembu anjengezingane, asebekhulile, abantu abakhubazekile, nalabo abanakekela izinhlangano basengozini enkulu yokuxhashazwa kokwaziswa, ukwebiwa kokwaziswa, noma ukuvikelwa kwe-discination profining. Inhlanganisela ye- ye-General Data Protection (GR)[FLPR] kanye ne-Irlandeli ye-[FLT:] Isivikelo se-Act 2018 [FLT] Isivikelo se-RG:] orgomssstions, iveza isimiso sesivikelo esiqapheleyo esihambisana nalebhunganeyo. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela yomthetho wase-Irish, i-mithenwa yelungelo lomphakathi, ukulungiselela ukunikeza izibo, ukunikeza izibopho, nokuzibo ezifuna ukuhlolwa kwabantu, nokuziswe.

I - Egial Frames: I - Data Protection Act 2018 neGDPR

I-GDPR yokwaziswa ye-Ireland iklanywe ngokuyinhloko ngamathuluzi amabili. I-GDPR ye-EU, eyaqala ukusebenza ngo-May 2018, imisa indinganiso ephakeme, echanisiwe eqeleni lamaLungu. I-Irrish Telection Act 2018 yokwenezela futhi kwezinye izindawo, yandisa i-GDPR ngokuhlanganisa i-GDPR. Le-Act isho i-[[FLD:0] Protection Commission (DPC)[FLC] njengegunya elizimele futhi inika amandla amakhulu ukuphenya, ukuphoqelela, nokufaka izimpahla ezincucukile kuwe izigidi ezingu-20 noma 4% zenguquko yaminyaka yonke, ephakeme noma ngaphezulu.

Izimiso eziyinhloko ngaphansi kwe GDPR , uphakamiso, ukutsheka, ukulinganiselwa kwenjongo, ukulinganisela kokwaziswa, ukunemba, ukulinganisela kokugcina, ubuqotho, ukufihla imfihlo, nokulandisa (ukusebenzisa wonke ama-data). Nokho, kubantu abasengozini, ukusebenzisa lezi zimiso kuyakhula. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhanya okubonayo kumele kudluliselwe kubantu abanokukhubazeka kokubona, futhi ukuvumelana kumelwe kunikezwe ngeqiniso, okungangenzeki ngalabo abangakwazi ukubhekana nenkinga yokusebenza.

I-Dalogue Protection Act yase-Ireland iveza futhi amalungiselelo engeziwe angahlanganisiwe ngokuqondile yi-GDPR, njengemithetho eqondile yokulungisa ukwaziswa komuntu siqu ngezinjongo zomcosheli wezindaba, ezemfundo, ezobuciko, noma ezobuciko, nombuso onikezelwe wokulungisa imininingwane yomuntu siqu ngokomongo wemisebenzi. Ifuna kakhulu amaqembu asengozini, loMthetho uveza izigaba ezikhethekile zokwaziswa okunemithetho eqinile, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nezingane kanye nokwaziswa okuphathelene nempilo.

Ukuchaza Inani Labantu Abanokwandayo EMthethweni Wase - Ireland

Nakuba umthetho wase-Ireland unganikezi uhlu olulodwa olugcwele lwe- “izakhamuzi ezikhohlakele,” isiqondiso se-DPC kanye neminye imikhakha elawulayo iveza amaqembu adinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ngenxa yokungalingani kwamandla angokwemvelo noma ikhono elinciphileyo lokuvikela imininingwane yawo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

  • [ Abantwana nentsha: abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 babhekwa njengabangakwazi ukuqonda imiphumela yokuhlanganyela ukwaziswa. I-GDPR imisa iminyaka yemvume yezibalo e-Ireland ngo-16 (izwe elithile lingase liyihlisele ku-13; i-Ireland ikhethe i-16.
  • Abantu abakhulile: ngokuvamile bahloselwe ukukhohlisa, ukukhwabanisa ngocingo, nokuboleka izimali eziyingozi. Ukuncipha kwesijeziso noma ukuzihlukanisa kungaba sengozini enkulu yokuxhashazwa.
  • Izingcingo ezikhubazeke ngokoqobo, ngezinzwa, noma ngobuhlakani: zingadinga ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana futhi zisengozini enkulu yokunganakwa noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kobuchwepheshe obusizayo.
  • Abantu abahlala ezinhlanganweni ezithatha isikhathi eside zokunakekela noma ezinhlanganweni:[ amakhaya asebehlinzayo, izibhedlela zezifo zengqondo, nezindawo zokunakekela abahlala kuzo zenza indawo lapho kungase kunganikezwa khona ukuvumelana ngokukhululekile ngenxa yokuncika ezisebenzini noma emkhayeni.
  • Abaceli, abafuna isikhoselo, nabafuduki: Ukwaziswa kwabo siqu kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukwaziswa okusheshayo mayelana nomthetho, impilo, nesimo somkhaya, okubenza babe izisulu zokuxhashazwa noma ukucwaswa.
  • Ukuxhashazwa kwasekhaya noma ukucunula: Kudinga ulawulo oluqinile ekwambulweni kwekheli nasemininingwaneni yokuthintana ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala okwengeziwe.

Izinkantolo zase - Ireland ne - DPC ziye zaqaphela ngokungaguquki ukuthi izinyathelo zokuvikela ukwaziswa kumelwe zivumelaniswe nezimo zomuntu ngamunye osengozini, zilinganisele isidingo sokunikeza izinkonzo (njengendlela yokunakekela impilo noma inhlalakahle yezenhlalo) nelungelo lokuthola isikhathi sokuba wedwa nokulondeka kokwaziswa.

Izivikelo Eziqondile Zamaqembu Anemicikilisho Ehlukahlukene

Ukuvuma Nokuba Ikhono

Ngaphansi komthetho wase-Ireland, imvume kumelwe ibe “isibonakaliso esinikezwa ngokukhululekile, esiqondile, esicacile, esicacile sezifiso ze-data.” Kubantu abasengozini, lemfuneko isebenza kakhulu. Lapho umuntu entula amandla engqondo ovumayo (ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, noma ukungakwazi ukuzwa kahle okwesikhashana) kungaqhubekela ngaphansi kwesinye isisekelo esingokomthetho, esinjengezithakazelo ezibalulekile ([.g, ukusindisa ukuphila kwabo [) noma izithakazelo ezingokomthetho, kodwa okungezona ezithiwayo zilinganiselwe kakhulu. Isinqumo sesikhashana (Inqumo) Umthetho ka-Cpagatial) Umthetho 2015, othintana izinqumo (izinganiso zomthetho, iziyalezo zokulungisa ulwazi kumelwe zenziwe mayelana nenzuzo engcono kakhulu, noma ukukhathalela komphinicimbi we-cone.

Kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16, imvume yezinkonzo zokwaziswa (umz., imithombo yezokuxhumana, izinhlelo zokugembula) kumelwe zinikezwe noma zigunyazwe umzali noma umnakekeli. Umthetho wase-Ireland uqhubekela phambili ngokufuna ukuba izinkampani zenze imizamo enengqondo yokuqinisekisa ubudala futhi zithole imvume yobuzali, izijeziso ezinkulu zokungahambisani nomthetho we-DPC. ikhiphe isiqondiso esiqondile ngokuphathelene nokuthembeka kobudala nokusetshenziswa kwezimiso zokuvumela kwemishini.

Imiphumela Yokuvikelwa Kwemininingwane (DPIAS)

Ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 35 se-GDPR, i-PIDA iphoqelekile uma ukulungisa kungenza ingozi enkulu emalungelweni nasenkululekoni yabantu. Umthetho wase-Ireland udinga i-DPI ngokuqondile ku-DPI nganoma iyiphi indlela ehlanganisa abantu abasengozini kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

  • Ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha kwezingane kulayini ( e.g., kumasiteji emfundo)
  • Ukuhlambalaza abantu asebekhulile ukuze bathole umshuwalense noma izikweletu
  • Ukuhlelwa kokwaziswa okuphathelene nezempilo kweziguli ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona
  • Ukusetshenziswa kokwaziswa okuphathelene nemvelo noma indawo yezakhamuzi ezisemakhaya okunakekelwa kuwo

I-APIA kumele ibhale indalo, ubukhulu, umongo, nezinjongo zokulungisa, ihlole isidingo nokulinganisa, futhi ibone izinyathelo zokunciphisa izingozi. Izinhlangano ezihlulekayo ukwenza i-PICA uma kudingeka ukuhlola ubuso nokuhlawuliswa okungadingeka.

Imininingwane Ekhethekile Yamaqembu

I-GDPR ihlukanisa ukwaziswa okuveza imvelaphi yobuhlanga noma yobuzwe, imibono yezombangazwe, izinkolelo ezingokwenkolo noma zefilosofi, ukuhlangana kwezisebenzi, ukuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, imininingwane ye-biometric yezokwaziwa okukhethekile, imininingwane yezempilo, kanye nokwaziswa okuphathelene nokuphila kobulili njenge- “memota ekhethekile.” Izizwe ezikhubazekayo zivame ukuveza imininingwane enjalo yezempilo yabantu abakhubazekile, ngokwesibonelo, izibalo zezempilo zabantu abadala abakhubazekile, imininingwane yezindawo zokunakekela amakhaya, noma imininingwane yobulili ye-LGBTQ + abafuni bezindawo zokukhosela. Ukuhlela le mininingwane ephathelene nezindawo ezithile zocansi obulili kunqandwa ngaphandle kokuba enye yezimo ezithile eziqondileyo, njengemvume esobala, izibophopho zomthetho, noma isithakazelo esiqinile emphakathini. Umthetho wase-Ireland, ngokusebenzisa i-Arethickitted Act 2018, unezela izimo zokulungisa ulwazi olukhethekile, kuhlanganise nezizathu eziyisisekelo somphakathi, izikhulu ezihloselwe njalo, noma izikhulu ze-R.

Indima Yesimiso Sokuvikela Imininingwane (DPC)

I-DPC ingumphoqeleli oyinhloko wamalungelo okwaziswa e-Ireland. Iqembu elizinikele elisingatha izikhalo kubantu abasengozini futhi liye lanikeza isiqondiso esiqondene ngokuqondile nezidingo zezingane, asebekhulile, nabantu abakhubazekile. Amandla alo okuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwezincwadi ahlanganisa:

  • Izikhalo eziphenywa yizindaba zokwaziswa noma abameleli bazo
  • Ukuzihlolela ngevolifi
  • Ukusola, izixwayiso, iziyalezo zokuzivumelanisa, nokuvinjelwa kwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo
  • Ukunikeza izinkokhelo zokuphatha

Izenzo ze-DPC eziphawulekayo ezithinta imiphakathi esengozini zihlanganisa ukuphoqelelwa kwemithetho ezinkampanini ezihlulekayo ukusebenzisa izimiso ezifanele zenkathi yobudala, eziholela ekutholeni ukwaziswa kwezingane okungekho emthethweni. I-DPC futhi ijezise amahhovisi empilo atholakele ngenxa yezinyathelo ezingafanele zokuvikela eziholela ekuphuleni ukwaziswa okuhilela amarekhodi empilo yeziguli. Esimweni ngasinye, ukuchayeka kwabantu abathintekile kwakubhekwa njengembangela ekhubazayo, okuholela ekukhiqizeni okukhulu nasekulungiseni izindleko eziyimfuneko.

I - DPC ibuye inikeze izinto ezinjengeziqondiso ezilula zezilimi, amafomu okukhononda ngamafomethi amaningi (kuhlanganise nezincwadi ezinkulu ne - Easy Read), kanye nosizo olukhethekile lwemibuzo evela kubantu abachayeke emininingwaneni nasebameleni babo.

Izicelo Ezingokoqobo Zezinhlangano

Noma iyiphi inhlangano esebenzayo e-Ireland ehlela imininingwane yomuntu siqu yomphakathi osengozini kumelwe ithathe imikhuba eqinile. Izibopho eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

  • Izimpawu ezifinyelelwe kumafomethi: izimemezelo zangasese kumele zinikezwe ngolimi nangemithombo yezindaba ezifanele izilaleli. Kubantwana, lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa izinsizanyo zokubona, imifanekiso, kanye nokubhala okufanele isikhathi. Kubantu asebekhulile, iziqwema ezinkulu nokugwema isigebengu.
  • [[IZIKEKELO:0] Izindlela zokuphepha eziqondiswe kahle: ukubhala okuyimfihlo, ulawulo lokungena, kanye nokuhlola ukungena okuvamile kokuphepha akunakwenzeka, ikakhulukazi kumniningo yesigaba ekhethekile.
  • Isikhulu sezokuvikela Idata esimisiwe: IMandary yeziphathimandla zomphakathi nanoma iziphi izinhlangano ezilungisa isilinganiso esikhulu semininingwane yesigaba esikhethekile noma ukugadwa okuhleliwe kwamaqembu angavikeleki.
  • Isaziso se-dictet se-[FLT: 0] Ama-Bropective athinta abantu abasengozini kumele abikwe ku-DPC phakathi namahora angu-72. Uma igebhu lingabangela ingozi enkulu kubantu ngabanye, labo bantu (noma abagcini babo) kumelwe baziswe ngaphandle kokulibala okungafanele.
  • [ Ukuqeqesha nokuqaphela: abasebenza nabantu abasengozini kumelwe baqonde ukuthi bangaqoqa kanjani ukwaziswa ngokomthetho, ukuthi bangaqaphela kanjani ukuphoqelelwa, nokuthi bangandisa kanjani ukukhathazeka.
  • [[I-FLT:0] Imitako kanye nezinhlelo zokungakhohlwa: Imininingwane edingekayo kuphela okumelwe iqoqwe, futhi kumelwe icishwe uma ingasadingeki. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugcinwa kwamafa okungasetshenziswa ekwaphukeni kamuva.

Izinhlangano kufanele futhi zihlole njalo imisebenzi yazo yokuhlola ngemishini yokuhlola inqubo nge - DPI A, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi izivumelwano ezihambisana nemishini yesithathu zihlanganisa izisho ezicacile zokuvikela izindaba ezingavikelekile.

Ukuhlola Icala Nezibonelo

[[UMTL:0] Ukutadisha: Inkuring Home Bumetric qualing

Ikhaya lokunakekela abantu eliseDublin lasungula isimiso sokuhlola isayensi yomzimba ngokusebenzisa ukuqaphela ubuso ukuze kubonwe izakhamuzi ezihambayo neziqapheyo ukuba ziwe. I-PICA yabekwa, eyaveza ukuthi izakhamuzi eziningi azinakho ukuvuma. I-DPC yacebisa ukuthi isisekelo esingokomthetho asikwazi ukuvuma kodwa isithakazelo esibalulekile noma izithakazelo ezingokomthetho, uma kubhekiswa ekusungulweni kwezimiso eziqinile zekhono lezakhamuzi eziqinile nokuxoxa nemikhaya noma abameleli abasemthethweni abangaphandle. Ikhaya kwadingeka ukuba lisebenzise inqubo yemininingwane yemininingwane yemininingwane engokomthetho futhi ligcinelwe izinsuku ezingu-30, futhi lithole ukuvunyelwa okuqhubekayo kwekomiti yezimiso zokuziphatha yendawo.

[[Ukufunda:0] Ukutadisha i-Case: Ukufundisa Izingane [[[Umdlalo:1]

I-website ethandwayo yemfundo esetshenziswa ezikoleni eziyinhloko zase-Ireland yatholakala iqoqa ukwaziswa kokuziphatha, kuhlanganise nokuqopha izwi kanye nokuhamba kwamagundane, ukuze “kufakazelwe ukuqashelwa komuntu siqu.” I-DPC yahlola ngemva kokukhononda kwabazali. Le ngxoxo ayizange ithole imvume yabazali edingekayo kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-16, futhi isaziso sayo sasese sabhalwa ngesiNgisi esiyinkimbinkimbi. i-DPC yakhipha ukwaziswa okuhle futhi yayala inkampani ukuba isuse konke ukwaziswa okuqoqiwe ngokungekho emthethweni futhi inikeze icebo lokuvumelana nemininingwane esemthethweni ehambisana nokwaziswa okungakhokhwa okutholakalayo.

Ukutadisha: Imininingwane i-Brapex e-Mental Clinic yezempilo

Ukuqhekeka kwesikhungo sempilo yengqondo edalula amarekhodi esiguli ahlanganisa ukuxilonga, amaphuzu, kanye nokuxhumana. I-DPC yathola ukuthi umthola-mthola-khaya unezimiso ezingenamthethweni oyimfihlo, futhi awunakho ukukhomba ngemishini eminingi ephathekayo. Ukungavikeleki kweziguli .(eziningi zazo zazinakekelwa ingqondo futhi zihlala endaweni esekelwayo." zazibhekwa njengezici eziphezulu kakhulu. Umthola-mthola-mthola-gazi wahlawuthiswayo.[3] izigidi ezingu-2 futhi kwakudingeka ukuba kusetshenziswe ukulondeka okuphelele, ukunikeza isixwayiso sokuthenga ngesikweletu kubantu ngabanye, nokuphatha i-DICARR yakho yonke inqubo yesikhathi esizayo.

Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amazwe AseYurophu

Indlela yokuthatha i-Ireland ihlangene kakhulu namanye ama-EU Atmon Atmon ngenxa ye-GDPR, kodwa kukhona ukungafani kwezizwe. Ngokwesibonelo, i-UK (manje ngaphandle kwe-EU) inenkathi ephansi yemvume yamanani (13), kanti i-Ireland engu-16 yeminyaka iphakathi kwemigqa ephakeme kakhulu. E-Jalimane, i-Federal Commissioner for Data Protection Act ikhiphe imithetho ethile yokuziphatha kwamakhaya asebekhulile nezikole, okusakhula i-URRC. I-DPC ivame ukubheka ku-European Tech Protection Board (EPB) yezokulimaza, kodwa umthetho wase-Ireland uhlanganisa i-GDR ne-DR ekhethekile ye-Actsccect ye-Act ne-Act ehlangene kakhulu ne-Active. Lokhu kunikeza i-RRDCC.

Intuthuko Yesikhathi Esizayo

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kuvela i-vnerabialtiss entsha. I-DPC ihlola ngenkuthalo ukusetshenziswa kokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa ekuhlolweni kwezempilo, ukwenza izinqumo ezizenzekelayo enhlalakahleni yezenhlalo, nokuqoqwa kwemininingwane ye-biometric ephakathi kwezikole. I-EU metact ne-Active Intelligence Act iyakuthuthukisa indlela abantu abasengozini yokuvikelwa ngayo. I-Ireland futhi icabangela ukuthuthukisa i-DC Provict yokuzivikela ukuze iqinise amalungelo abantwana abasendaweni ezungezile yezemishini, kuhlanganise nezimiso ezikhona zokusebenza ezifana ne-U’K ye-DP (“Ikhodiat’s Codentinetic Device”). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DC ibonise ukuthi i-DC iyakugxila kakhulu kumapulatifomu asebenza ngokuzenza alungele ukukhangisa.

Izinhlangano kumele zihlale zihambisana nesiqondiso esilungisayo se-DPC ne-EDPB. Ukuthatha ngokusemthethweni ukungabikho kwemvume yasese kanye nokungaqondi kahle, okugxile emaqenjini asengozini engokomthetho futhi kuyokwenza abantu abasebenzisa inkonzo bathembeke.

Isiphetho

Umthetho wase-Ireland unikeza uhlelo olubanzi, olunamagqubu ukuze uvikele imininingwane yomuntu siqu ezakhamuzini ezisengozini. Ngokuhlanganisa izimiso ze-GDPR eziqinile kanye nokuthuthukisa kwesizwe ku-Diate Protection Act 2018, ukuphoqelela ukugcinwa kwe-DPC, kanye nokubambisana nomthetho wokusebenza, i-Ireland imisa indinganiso ephakeme yokuvikela izakhamuzi zomphakathi ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Izinhlangano, umbiko ucacile: ukusingatha imininingwane yomuntu siqu yamaqembu angenayo kanye nokuthuthukisa i-"ikhuselwa"ne"ne" ne-"ifuna ukulandelwa nje kuphela isimilo, ukulondeka, ukuqapha okuqinile. Ukuhluleka ukwenza kanjalo akuphathi izijeko ezinzima kuphela kodwa futhi kulimaza idumela kakhulu. Njengoba ulwazi olunedume ukuvikela abantu ukuba bavikele abantu kumele itshe lomthetho we-Irish.

[[[QULT: 0] Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, hlola [ Isivikelo se-DAT Act 2018 [[[FLT:]] [[[FLT:]] iSibonelo seNcwadi[[[FLT:]]], [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [FFLT]] [FF:] [12]]] [Isiqondiso sezingane [FFFOLT] [F: FD]] [FFFD]] [20]