Ukumiswa Komthetho - sisekelo Negunya Elingokomthetho

I-Raje Sabra, njengoMkhandlu wase-United States, inesikhundla esihlukile somthetho-mthetho eNdiya i’ i-bidaral Palamente. Ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 107 neSiphakamiso 108 soMthetho-sisekelo, ihlanganyela amandla alinganayo okushaya umthetho neLok Sabbaha ezindabeni eziningi, kuhlanganise nalezo eziphathelene nesayensi nemfundo. Nokho, ngokungafani nezikweletu zemali, ezisuka kuphela eLok Sabba, izikweletu ezihlobene nenqubo yemfundo noma ukucwaninga kwezesayensi kungangeniswa eMzini. Lokhu kunikeza i-Rajiya Sabba indima eqondile yomthetho elawula izakhiwo ezilawula umnotho wase-India #817; ulwazi.

Ngokwenqubo, iRajiya Sabha ̱ i-alpha ehlala njalo (njengoba ingenakudilizwa) iqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka kokuhlela izimiso. Lokhu kuqina kubaluleke kakhulu kakhulu esayensini nasendleleni yemfundo ende, ngokuvamile okudinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwemithetho eminingi ebekwe epalamende. Indlu ingaphinde ibuye ibuye ihlambulule futhi iqinisekise izikweleti ezikhona, iqinisekise ukuthi ikhona izinselele zesayensi ̬ njengokushintsha kobuchwepheshe, ukucwaninga ngesimo sezulu, kanye nokulawula kwesayensi yesayensi yesayensi yemvelo ̬ kubhekiswe phambili ngenkuthalo.

Isimiso Sekomiti Njengomshini Wezobuchwepheshe

Ingxenye enkulu ye-Rajiya Sabha̱ umsebenzi ophansi wezesayensi nemfundo uyenzeka ngamakomiti ayo ephalamende. Ikomiti yoMnyango Emisha e-Palamente egunyaziwe nge-Disting, i-Disty, i-Youth and Sports, ne-Committee on Science and Technology, i-Mbiko neFreests izinjini eziyimibili ehlola izikweletu, izincwadi zezimiso, kanye nezimiso zokuhlela imali ezihlelwa ngokucubungula.

Ukuhlolwa Kwemithetho

Lapho kusungulwa isikhwama esihlobene nemfundo noma ukucwaninga kwezesayensi, ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa kwelinye lamakomiti ukuze kuhlolwe kabanzi. Amalungu amakomiti, adwetshwa kuzo zombili izindlu naphesheya kwemigqa yeqembu, abiza ofakazi abangochwepheshe, abukeze imikhuba emihle kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, futhi akhiqize imibiko engatusa ukubuyiselwa okubalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, i-National Education Policy 2020 yandulelwa umsebenzi omkhulu wekomiti, neRajiya Sabha Sectariat ehlanganisa izithako ezivela kohulumeni, izinhlangano zezemfundo, nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Lenqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi izikweleti zeze zingaphuthuthwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela yezobuchwepheshe neyomphakathi.

Ukutuswa Kwemithetho Namaphepha Amhlophe

AmaKomiti aqala futhi akhiqize amaphepha amhlophe ngezindaba eziphumayo. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-Rajeya Sabha ’ iKomiti yezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe iye yakhipha imibiko ngezihloko ezinjenge ithanda ukucwaninga okuyisisekelo[, isifundazwe sase-India ̱ uhlelo lomkhathi, nesidingo se-iternet ye-inthanetial. Lemibiko ngokuvamile ikha isisekelo sesenzo sikahulumeni futhi ikhonjwa yi-199891 lapho kukhishwa imithetho emisha. Futhi isebenza njengezincwadi zomphakathi abacwaningi nabafundisi abangazisebenzisa ekulweleni izinguquko.

Ukugada Imibuzo Nezimpikiswano

I-Raje Sabra iqhuba ukuqondisa okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nezimiso zemfundo ngehora layo le-University nezindawo zokungenela zamahora amane. Amalungu aphakamisa imibuzo ebuzayo nengakhathazeki ephoqelela abaholi ukuba banikeze ukwaziswa okutholakala ngokucwaninga, ukubhalisa esikoleni, ukuqeqesha uthisha, izisekelo zokucwaninga, nezindleko zomphakathi kuR&D. Lezi zimpendulo ziqoshwa futhi ziba yingxenye yerekhodi lephalamende, zidala indlela yokuhlola ekhanyayo.

Ukulandisa Ngezinhlangano

Iziqu ezinjenge-Department of Science and Technology, i-University Grants Commission, i-All India Council for Technical Education, ne-Indiya Council of Medical Research zigcinwa njalo zibekwa eRajeya Sabhaha. Amalungu abuzayo abambezeleka ekusetshenzisweni kweprojekthi, isimo samaqumu azimeleyo, kanye nokuthinteka kwemali ehlelelwe. Lokhu kuhlola kuholela ekulungiseni isikhathi sokusebenza kwezenziwa kweze-ikhomu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngemva kokubuza okuphikelelayo okuvela kumalungu eRaja Sabhaha ngokuphathelene i-enote yoMpaso yezelo wezelo wezemfundo 2020 , ithonya lokusetshenziswa kwezehlakalo lezeko lezentengo yezelo.

Imibuzo Engenangqondo Nethonya Layo

Imibuzo egcwele, edinga izimpendulo zomlomo nemibuzo ethasiselayo, iphumelela kakhulu. Ilungu lingabuza uNgqongqoshe wesayensi nobuchwepheshe ngesikhundla somsebenzi othile wokucwaninga e-Indian Institute of Science. Impendulo yomfundisi iphikiswana, futhi uma kutholakala amagebe, inkonzo ingacelwa ukuba ithumele icebo elibhaliwe phakathi kwe-paredi yesikhathi esimisiwe. Lenqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi izindaba aziphelelwanga ngenxa ye-indureaucratic inéntia.

Ithonya Ezindaweni Zokusetshenziswa Kwemali

Nakuba i-Raje Sabra ingakwazi ukuqeda izikweletu zemali ngokuqondile, ingaphikisana ngezimfuno zeMadili eMinistry of Education and Science & ubuchwepheshe phakathi ne-Baccomps Semission. Lezimpikiswano zivumela amalungu ukuba afake izivumelwano ezihlongozwayo futhi zisikisele ukuhlelwa kwezimali kabusha. Nakuba isinqumo sokugcina sisekelwe kuyi-Lok Sabba, i-Rajiya Sabha ̱ izitusa ukuba athathe isisindo sezombangazwe, ikakhulukazi lapho esekelwa imibiko yekomiti noma isekelwa amaqembu amaningi.

Ukuhlelwa Kwemali Esekelwe Kuqalo

Amalungu amaRaje Sabra amaningana aye asekela ukusekelwa kwemali esekelwe ekutholeni imali ephansi emfundweni ephakeme nasenhlolweni yezesayensi, ephikisa ngokuthi ukuhlelwa kwezindlela zokwabiwa komlando kuvame ukuqhubekisela phambili i-efficiencies. Ukungenela kwawo kuye kwaholela ezinhlelweni ezimbalwa zabaqondisi bamayunivesithi aphakathi lapho izimali manje zihlangene khona nemisebenzi efana nenani lokuthweswa iziqu, izincwadi zokucwaninga, kanye nokubambisana kwezezesayensi. Lokhu kushintshela kusiza imithombo yezezinkampani ukuba ikwazi ukuveza ithonya elingenakulinganiswa.

Ukuxhasa Izindawo Ezivulekayo

I-Raje Sabra iye yaba wusizo ekulondolozeni ezinye izinqubo zesayensi ezisungulwayo. Phakathi nezimpikiswano zesayensi ye-Biotechnology Ù uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali, amalungu aqokomisa isidingo sokutshala isayensi yezinto eziphilayo, ukuhlelwa kwezakhi zofuzo, nokuhlelwa kwe-biousfecture. Ngenxa yalokho, lomnyango wasungula uhlelo olusha olubizwa ngokuthi i-BioE3 (isayensi yokusebenza kwe-Bonobynology ye-Ecolomy, i-Msebenzi, nemvelo) kanye nezindawo ezinikezelwe ngokwemali eyavunyelwayo ngonyaka olandelayo.

Ukumelelwa Kwezithakazelo Zesifunda NoMbuso

Enye yeRaje Sabra̱ amandla ayingqayizivele ukumelelwa kwayo indawo. Isifunda ngasinye nesifunda senyunyana sithumela amalungu akhethiwe noma anezinhlonhlo eziqonda izinselele zemfundo nezesayensi yendawo. Le-lens yesifunda iqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso zesizwe aziklanywanga ngokombono wezwe lase-Indiya elinamadolobha.

Ukukhuluma Ngemibono Engafani Engokwemfundo

Amalungu avela ezifundazwe anezinga eliphansi lokungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala, njenge Bihar ne Uttar Pradesh, ngokuvamile aphakamisa impikiswano yokuthola imfundo engcono ngokungenakweqisa. Ukuqasha kwabo kuye kwaholela ekuhlobiseni izinhlelo ezinjenge Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan nokumiswa kweNavodaya Vidalayayas ezifundeni ezingaphansi kwezindawo ezigciniwe. ERajiya Sabhaha, la malungu anikeza ukwaziswa okuphathelene nokuswela kothisha, izikhala zesikole, futhi anciphisa amazinga amanani abafundi, isibopho sokunikezela izimali zezifunda ezithile.

Ukuthuthukisa Izimiso Zokucwaninga Zesifunda

Ngokufanayo, amalungu ezindawo ezinezikhungo eziqinile zokucwaninga ezibhekene nezidingo zendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, uRaje Sabha waseMaharashtra ubelokhu esekela i-Mane Marine Biotechnology Institute ogwini lweKonkan, ecaphuna isifunda i-’ i-s reatery encial shodar shop. Uhulumeni wagcina uhlanganise lesi sihlongozo ku-National S& ibhulopowes. Izibonelo ezinjalo zibonisa indlela i-Rajiya Sabbaha ehumla izinto eziza kuqala ngayo izifunda ezizweni ezizweni.

Indima Yamalungu Angawodwa ’ Izincwadi

Nakuba amalungu angabodwa eqalwa ukuba abe yicala, asebenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokuhlela izinhlelo eRajeya Sabha. Amalungu angangenisa izikweleti ngezihloko ezinjengethi “Ilungelo le-Scientific Literacy Act” noma“ I-National Research Foundation (Izentengiselwano) Bill. Uma zingadluliswanga, lezi zikweleti zishukumisa impikiswano futhi zingathonya isimiso sikahulumeni. Amalungiselelo amaningana eNational Education Policy 2020, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlobene nemfundo ethathelwa phambili nokudluliswa kwemali ngesikweletu, aqala ukuvela ezikweletini zamalungu asuka eRajiya Sabraha.

Ukubhidliza Inqubo

Ngokwesibonelo, incwadi echaza ukumiswa kweNkonzo yokushintsha Isimo sokuzimela yasungulwa eRajiya Sabba, nakuba ekugcineni yahlukana, yaholela ekufakweni kwezingqwembe zokufunda ukuma kwezulu esikoleni ngaphansi kwesimiso se-NEP 2020.

Amalungu Angenabo Abemi Bawo Neminikelo Yamaqhinga

IRaje Sabra ihlanganisa amalungu anezigaba ezingu-12 ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 80 soMthetho-sisekelo, abantu abanolwazi olukhethekile noma okuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo emikhakheni enjengezincwadi, isayensi, ubuciko, nenkonzo yezenhlalo. Lamalungu aqanjiwe ngokuvamile aye aqashelwa njengososayensi, othisha, nabaphathi. Ukuba khona kwawo kucebisa izimpikiswano ezingochwepheshe ezingase zintuleke amalungu akhethiwe.

Ukuhlolwa Kwendaba: UDkt.

UDkt. C. N. Rao, isazi semithi esidumile noBharat Ratna awarde, wasebenza njengelungu elifunyaniswe iRajeya Sabra. Phakathi nonyaka wakhe, wakhuluma kakhulu ngesidingo sokwandisa i-India’ izindleko ezinkulu kuR& D (GED) kusukela cishe ku-0.7% GD kuya cishe ku-1. Ukungenela kwakhe, kwasekelwa amashumi eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho njengenhloko ye-Jawaharlal Nehru Center ye-Edverticement Archy, kwanikeza ukukholeka okukhulu kwemali yokusekela ukucwaninga okuphakeme. Ngokulandela i-Advockist, uhulumeni wamemezela isilinganiso esikhudliwe kwesayensi noMnyango.

Inkumbulo Yamahlelo Nokunamathela

Amalungu aneziqu ezizimele avame ukusebenzisela amagama amaningi, anikeze inkumbulo ekwaziyo ukuhlanganisa i-House nezimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi. Angathola ukufana phakathi kwezicelo zamuva nocwaningo lwangesikhathi esidlule, axwayise ngokuphinda amaphutha. Lo mbono ongokomlando ubaluleke kakhulu lapho kuhlelwa izinguquko zemfundo zesikhathi eside noma imisebenzi yezesayensi yezwe.

Ithonya Elingokomthetho Ezinguquko Eziyinhloko

IRaje Sabha’ iqhaza ezimisweni ezithile ezivelele libonisa ukuphumelela kwayo. Ngezansi kunezibonelo ezintathu eziphawulekayo.

Umthetho Wemfundo Wesizwe 2020

I-NEP 2020 yacabangisisa kakhulu eRajiya Sabhaha, enamalungu anikela ngamahora angaphezu kwangu-40 empikiswano phakathi kwezinqumo eziningana. Izinguquko ezisikiselwe e-Upper House zahlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwemfundo yemisebenzi yesigaba 6, eziguquguqukayo ezivumelana nezindawo zokuphuma eziningi, nokusungulwa kwe-National Research Foundation. I-Rajiya Sabba yagcizelela futhi ukuba isivikelo sokulondoloza amayunivesithi ezwe, okuholela ekufakweni kwemiba yemiba edinga ukuhlanganiswa kwemithetho kahulumeni egunyazwayo ngaphambi kokuba iziqondiso ezikhungweni zikahulumeni ziphoqelelwe ezisemuva.

I - National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)

Lapho i-NIRF iqaliswa ngo-2015, yagxekwa kakhulu ngenxa yokugxila kakhulu ekucwaningeni nasekutholeni imbulunga yonke. Amalungu ezwe laseRaje Sabha asezindaweni ezinezikole eziqinile zokufundisa ezinezikhungo zemfundo eziqinile zaphikisa ngokuthi izinhlangano zesimiso sokujezisa ngokuyinhloko ezisebenza ngaphansi kwenkululeko yabafundi. Ukubuza kwazo okuphikelelayo kwaholela ekufakeni imingcele eyengeziwe enjenge- “expoploctive nesclustration” kanye ne-“priptation.” I-NIRF ebukeziwe manje inikeza isilinganiso kulezi zici ezici ezithiwayo, yenza ukuba zilinganiswe.

Isayensi, Ubuchwepheshe Nomthetho Wokuzivuselela 2020

I-Raje Sabra Committee on Science and Technology yabamba ukuqulwa kwamacala amaningi ngaphambi kokukhululwa kwe-STIP 2020. Ukutusa kwayo kwathonya ngokuqondile ukugcizelelwa kwenqubo ekuvulweni kwesayensi, ukunyakaza komcwaningi, nokubambisana kwemboni. Ikomiti yacindezela futhi ukuba kwenziwe umnyango ophambili wokucwaninga okusenkabeni kahulumeni, kamuva owaqala njenge-Indian Science and Technology Data Portal.

Izinselele Nokulinganiselwa

Nakuba i-Rajiya Sabba ̱ indima yayo ibalulekile, ayiyona into engathiyayo. Indlu ayinakuqala izikweleti zemali, okusho ukuthi imfundo enkulu nezimali zesayensi ekugcineni zinqunywa yiLok Sabba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRajiya Sabra Sabha ̱ amandla omthetho alinganiselwe uma uhulumeni ejabulela iningi kuzo zombili izindlu, njengoba ukutusa kwekomiti kunganganakwa phakathi nokuvota okungaphansi. Isimo esihlala njalo sendlu sisho futhi ukuthi amalungu angagxila, anciphise ukuguqulwa kwemibono emisha.

Enye inselele yinani elilinganiselwe lamalungu anezizinda zesayensi. Naphezu kwezikhundla ezibekwe phansi, amalungu amaningi kaRaje Sabha asuka ezizindeni zezombangazwe, ezingokomthetho, noma zokuphatha. Lokhu kungaholela ezimpikiswaneni ezibangela ukuxabana okunzima kwesayensi. Ukukhuluma ngalokhu, amalungu amaningana aye abiza izinqubo zokuqeqeshela isayensi ezingokomthetho ngokwengeziwe kubaqondisi bephalamende, okufana ne-Palamente of Science and Technology.

Ukuqhathaniswa Nezinye Izindlu Eziphezulu

IRajiya Sabra̱ indlela yokusondela kwezesayensi nemfundo ingaqhathaniswa nezinye izishaya-mthetho ze-badamal. Ngokwesibonelo, iSigele sase-United States, sinamakomiti anamandla angavimbela noma alungisa izikweletu ngezindlela iRajiya Sabha engakwazi ngazo ukusebenzisa ikomiti ekhethekile ye-parlia. Nokho, isimiso sekomiti ye-Rajiya Sabha sifinyeleleka ngokwengeziwe kochwepheshe nasemphakathini womphakathi, njengoba ukuzwa kwasobala. Ngokuqhathaniswa, iNdlunkulukazi yeNkosi eUK isebenzisa ikomiti ekhethekile yesayensi nobuchwepheshe eveza imibiko enethonya, kodwa ayinawo amandla omthetho we-palpharabhulanti.

Iziyalezo Zesikhathi Esizayo

Uma ibheka phambili, i-Raje Sabra ingandisa iqhaza layo ngokuqinisa amaqoqo ayo okusekela ukucwaninga. Ukucwaninga okukhona kwe-Legislative and Analysing Division kungakhuliswa ukuze kukhiqizwe izinhlelo ezingokwenqubo emikhakheni ekhulayo njenge-quantam comting, i-neurotechnology, kanye nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Amalungu angazuza futhi ezinhlelweni eziphoqelelwe ukuqondisa ukuhlelwa kwenqubo yobufakazi.

Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kobuchwepheshe, njengemihlangano ehlanganisa amakomiti kanye nokufakwa kobufakazi obungokombangazwe kuyi - Internet, kungandisa ukuhlanganyela kososayensi kulo lonke elaseNdiya ngaphandle kokubafuna ukuba baye eDelhi.

Isiphetho

IRaje Sabra ayiyona nje indawo yokulungisa; ingumsizi okhuthele ekuthuthukiseni i-India ̱ ilawula isayensi nezimiso zemfundo. Ngokuhlola i-projekthi, ukuhlola kwekomiti, izimpikiswano zohlelo, nokulawula izifunda, iqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso zinamandla futhi zisekelwe ngokoqobo. Nakuba izinselele zikhona, i-Upper House ̱ impatho ehlala njalo kanye namalungu emfundo yenza ifaneleke ngokukhethekile ukwalusa izinguquko ezinde ezithi i-Indiya idinga ukuba ibe umholi wolwazi lwembulunga yonke. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyoqhubeka kubalulekile njengoba isizwe sihamba phambili phakathi kwemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe, imfundo, nentuthuko.