Ukuqonda Izici Ezincane Zokwaziswa

Nsuku zonke, umuntu ovamile uhlangana namakhulu ezihloko, amashadi ezokuxhumana, amavidiyo, kanye nezinto ezixhaswe i-intanethi, abagcini bamasango abanjengabahleli, abagcini-zincwadi, nababukeli bezemfundo basiza ekuhlungeni lokho okwafika emphakathini. Namuhla, lezo zihluzo azikho kakhulu. Umthwalo wokunquma iqiniso, ukuthembeka, futhi okuwusizo ushintshele ngokuqondile kumfundi. Ukufunda indlela yokuhlola ukwaziswa akuseyona ikhono lokunezela; kuwumncintiswano omkhulu wesabelo esingokomthetho. UMisproce ungafaka engozini inhlalakahle yomphakathi, futhi ucebise ukukhokha komthetho womphakathi. Ngokuzinika ulwazi oluncane oluhleliwe, ungazivikela futhi umphakathi wakho emiphumeleni elimaza ulwazi olubi.

Lesiqondiso sakhela ohlelweni oluvamile lokuhlola futhi silunwebe ngemikhuba yanamuhla esetshenziswa abahloli bamaqiniso abangochwepheshe nabaphathi bezincwadi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ucwaninga umsebenzi wesikole, uhlola indawo evairayi, noma unquma ukuthi uzovota kanjani, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizokusiza ukuba uhlukanise uphawu phakathi komsindo.

Isisekelo: Ukwazi Umthombo Wokwaziswa Kwakho

Ngaphambi kokuba wahlulele ukwethenjwa, kumelwe uqonde ukuthi ikuphi okuvela emthonjeni. Ulwazi lunezindlela ezihlukahlukene kusukela kukwaziswa okuluhlaza kuya kulezo ezifushanisiwe, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lunamandla ahlukile nobuthakathaka.

Imithombo eyinhloko

Imithombo eyisisekelo inikeza ubufakazi obuqondile, obuqondiswe mathupha. Izibonelo zihlanganisa ukucwaninga kokuqala okukhishwe komagazini ababukelwe ontanga, ukuhlelwa kokwaziswa okungalungisiwe, imibhalo yesandla engokomlando, ukuxoxa ngezingxoxo, amarekhodi enkantolo, nezincwadi zikahulumeni ezisemthethweni. Inzuzo yabo eyinhloko iwubuzwa ngokungachazi: uyabubona ubufakazi ngaphandle kokuchazwa. Nokho, imithombo eyinhloko ingaba nzima ukuchaza ngaphandle komongo, futhi ukwaziswa okungaphelele noma okungaqoqwa ngokuphikisana.

Indikima ezithandekayo

Imithombo yamuva ihlaziya, ichaza, noma i-critique. Cabanga ngezihloko zezindaba, amabhayisikobho, izincwadi, nokubukeza izincwadi. Umthombo wesibini owenziwe kahle wonga isikhathi ngokufushanisa nangokusebenzisa umongo, kodwa uhlale uphethe ilens yomlobi echazayo. Imithombo engcono kakhulu ibhekisela ngokucacile ezintweni eziyinhloko ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iziphi.

Imithombo Engenawo Amandla

Imithombo e-tertiary ihlanganisa futhi ikhiphe ukwaziswa okuvela ezincwadini eziyinhloko nezisemuva. I-Encyclopedia (kuhlanganise ne-Wikipedia), almanacs, izincwadi zezincwadi, kanye nezinhlelo ezihlelwayo ziwela kulengxenye. Zingcono kakhulu ekutholeni ukucubungula noma ukuthola amagama ayinhloko, kodwa azivamile ukunikeza ukujula okudingekayo ukuze zihlolwe ngokuqinile. Zisebenzise njengesiqalo, hhayi iziphathimandla zokugcina.

Ithuluzi Lokuhlolwa Lanamuhla

Uhlu lokuhlola olungokwesiko njenge-CRAAP (Indlela yokuhlola, i-Relevance, iGunya, inhloso), lusalokhu luwusizo, kodwa lunemingcele endaweni yezenyuziyamu ehamba ngokushesha. Ama-Misformation anwebeka ngokushesha kakhulu kangangokuba ungakwazi ukushiya ikhasi ucwaninge indinganiso ngayinye. Abahloli beqiniso abangochwepheshe baye basungula indlela ephumelela kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi yokufunda okufundwayo .

Ukufunda Kwamuva Kuqhathaniswa Nokufunda Ngokuthe Ngqó

Uma uvula isihloko futhi uhlala kuwebhusayithi efanayo ukuze uhlaziye, ufunda ngokuqonde kahle. Uhlola i-“Ngekhasi”, isayensi, usuku, nezikhombo. Okuzwakalayo kunengqondo, kodwa yilokho kanye okungaqondakali kahle. Bangakha amakhasi ochwepheshe abheke phambili "nge” nezimpawu zenkohliso. ukufunda ngesikhashana [ kusho ukuvula amabala amashashazi amashandasi amashandaza amasha ngaphambi kokuba ufunde okuqukethwe yikho. Ufuna lokho okunenzuzo okusho ngomlobi, ummemezeli, nommemezeli okwenziweyo. Uma usho ukuthi i-boboboding akhona i-bown asssss, afunda i-'eppersethioke + + + +.

Indlela yokunquma yokuhlola isihluthulelo (Ivulwe)

  • Isithunzi esiqinisekile: Ungalokothi uthembe i-octive ye-bious yodwa. Hlola igama labo ukuze uqinisekise iziqinisekiso zabo. Hlola ukuthi baye bakhonjwa ochwepheshe abazimele. I-PD ethathwe ebhukwini lediplogiya ayigunya; ukuqaphela ontanga yikho.
  • Ukuvumelana ngokufakazelwa: Ucwaningo olulodwa olucatshuliweyo alulona iqiniso elifanayo. Bheka ukuvumelana kwemithombo eminingi ezimele. Sebenzisa ama-database njenge-Google Isazi noma Isazi se-Google ukufuna injini ukubona ukuthi iphepha liye lakhonjwa kangaki nokuthi likhonjiwe ngubani.
  • i-'ivolution] kanye nokucasuka kobandlululo: Wonke umthombo unobandlululo, kuhlanganise nalo. Isihluthulelo singu tratract [. Umthombo othembekile wembula ukuxhasa kwayo imali, inqubo yokuhlela, nezingxabano ezingase zenzeke zesithakazelo. Umthombo ofihla ubumnini bawo noma umsebenzi uyifulege elibomvu.
  • Ukuvumelana nomongo: Emasimini ahamba ngokushesha njengemithi noma ubuchwepheshe, umthombo kusukela ngo-2018 ungaba ophelelwe isikhathi ngokuyingozi. Emlandweni noma ngezibalo, imithombo yakudala ingaba ikhona. Ngaso sonke isikhathi bubuza: “Isikhathi singayishintsha yini imininingwane?”
  • Ukubusa nokuphelela: Ingabe umthombo ukhona ukuphikisana, ukulinganiselwa, noma ukungaqiniseki? Uma umthombo uveza isiqubulo ngaphandle kokuvuma noma yibuphi ubufakazi obuphikisayo, ngokunokwenzeka unyuswa noma ulawulwa ngokweqile.

Imithombo Ephumelelayo Ongayethemba

Ngisho nomqondisi onekhono kakhulu udinga usizo ngezinye izikhathi. Izinhlangano ezilandelana ezihlola iqiniso ziye zamisa amarekhodi okungaqinile. Zibekele uphawu futhi zikwenze ukuba ume kuqala lapho okuthile kuthuntubeza.

  • [FLT]Snopes:[[FT:3] Indawo egcina iqiniso ye-inthanethi ende kakhulu. Ihlanganisa izinganekwane zasedolobheni, amahemuhemu, kanye nezimfuno zezombangazwe ngokucushana nezibalo.
  • [FLT]] FACTCC. org:[[[FT:3] Iprojekthi ye-Annubenberg Policy Center eYunivesithi yasePennsylvania. Igxila ngokuyinhloko ekufuneni kwezombangazwe nase-U.S. ukuphikisa udaba olunebufakazi.
  • POLITIFOC:[[FTLT:3] ephethwe yiPoynter Institute engazuzisi. Isebenzisa i-“Truth-O-Meter" futhi ilandelela ukunemba kwezinkulumo zezaziso zezombangazwe, i-puntit, ne-protransmes. Yazi ukuthi ihlanganisa u-U.S., okusho ukuthi ezinye izisho ukuthi i-protection i-move.
  • Truthoffiction.com: Indawo encane ehlanganisa noma encishiwe efuna ukudlula nge-imeyili, i-menu yezokuxhumana, nemiyalezo ye-ketam. Ayaziwa kakhulu kodwa iwusizo kumahemuhemu.

Ukwaziswa okunganembile kwezizwe zonke, cabangela futhi i-Afrika Hlola (]), Iqiniso eligcwele [ [umbuso], Cheado[ (isiLatin America). Iqiniso-akers zisebenza ngenethi ye-ctive- Project- Project [[[[FLT:]]], ebeka izindinganiso zokuziphatha nezinhlangano ezingamalungu athembekile.

Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuhlola Usuku Ngalunye

Ukuhanjiswa komsebenzi okulandelayo kuthathwe endleleni ye- ESIFT esungulwe nguMike Caulfield, umcwaningi ophambili wezokwaziswa kwe-inthanethi. Iklanyelwe ukushesha nokunemba.

Isinyathelo 1: yima

Uma ukwaziswa kubangela ukusabela okungokomzwelo (intukuthelo, injabulo, ukwesaba, noma ukuthukuthela). Ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini ngokomzwelo kusakazeka ngokushesha ngoba kudlula umcabango onengqondo. phefumula ungahlangani nalutho kuze kube yilapho usuqedile izinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Isinyathelo 2: Hlola umthombo

Vula ishadi elisha bese uhlola igama le webhusayithi, incwajana, noma umlobi onezinkulumo ezifana nethi “cheke lezente,” noma“i-bias,” noma“i-controver.” Ngokwesibonelo, uma ubona ishadi elithiwa lithathwe ku-“Institute for Health Metrics,” funa“ Institute for Health Metrics proxy".

Isinyathelo 3: Thola ukuthi ukhuluma kanjani nothile omethembayo

Kunokuba uhlaziye lokho okwashiwo ekuqaleni ngokuzihlukanisa, funa ukuthi iziphi iziteshi zezindaba ezidumile noma izikole zemfundo ezithi uma imithombo eminingi ezimele, ephakeme ivumelana ngamaqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthi leyo nkolelo ithembekile. Uma umthombo ungowokuqala noma iqoqo lezindawo zokuchofoza, yithibe ngokungaqiniseki.

Isinyathelo 4: Thhokoza lokho okushiwoyo ubuyele emuva emongweni wokuqala

I-Misprogist ivame ukukhipha izingcaphuno, izibalo, noma imifanekiso engekho emongweni. I-vidiyo ebonisa isazi sezombangazwe esisho okuthile okudumazayo kungenzeka ukuthi ithuthwe enkulumweni ende eguqula incazelo. Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlola isithombe emuva njenge-Google Images noma i-Tineye ukuze uthole isithombe sokuqala noma ividiyo. Ukuze uthole umbhalo, hlola amagama ahlukile emibhalweni ukuze uthole umthombo wokuqala. Kungakhona kuphela lapho unganquma kahle khona ukuthi usho ukuthini.

Amanye Amacebiso Awusizo

  • [[QULT:0] phawula iURL: funa izinketho ezicashile ('abys.com esikhundleni se bnows.go.com]) ebonisa izingosi.
  • Qaphela amakhekhe ajulileyo kanye nokuqukethwe yi-Al-generate: amathuluzi anjenge I-Scaniorner[ ingasiza ekuboneni imithombo yezindaba esetshenziswayo. Uma ividiyo noma isigqino semisindo sibonakala singenaqiniso, yisebenzise ngethuluzi lokuthola.
  • Ukuhlanganisa nemibono ephikisayo: funda imithombo ebekela izinkolelo zakho inselele. Lokhu kusiza ekuvezeni ubandlululo lwakho siqu lokuqinisekisa futhi kuqinise ikhono lakho lokuhlola izimpikiswano ngokungakhethi.

Izenzakalo Ezikhethekile: Izindaba, Imithombo Yezindaba Yezenhlalo, Nokuqukethwe Okunemiqondo Emihle

Ukuhlola Izindaba

Akuyona yonke imithombo yezindaba esungulwe elinganayo.

  • Inkambiso yokukhipha: Izindlela eziqanjiwe zikhipha izijeziso eziqokonyiswayo nezikhanya ngokukhanyayo. Uma ungatholi ukulungiswa kwekhasi, i-pasethi lokukhipha lingase lingangeni ekunembeni.
  • Abathathi be-byline nochwepheshe bamaphephandaba: Ingabe isihloko sincoma umcosheli wezindaba ogama lakhe? Ingabe leyo ntatheli ihlanganisa isigqi njalo? Izihloko ezingahleliwe noma okuqukethwe ngaphandle kombiko wokuqala kubuthakathaka.
  • Ukukhomba umbono: Iziqephu zemibono, ama-op-ed, nokuhlaziya kufanele kuphawulwe kahle. Uma umbono unikezwa njengezindaba, ubandlululo alubonakali.

Ukuhlola Imithombo Yezindaba Ezenhlalo

Amapulatifomu ezenhlalo aklanyelwe ukuthembisana, hhayi ukunemba. Imithetho yemithetho ikhulisa okuqukethwe yi-plamthy ngoba igcina abasebenzisi besongwa. Uma ubona i-post yamavirus:

  • Hlola iprofayili. Ingabe iyiqiniso? Yadalwa nini? Ingabe iqukethe okuxubile noma ikhuluma inkulumo - ze nje?
  • Bheka okushiwoyo. Ngokuvamile, abaqaphi bamaqiniso nabasebenzisi abanolwazi balahla ukuzisholo okungamanga emiculweni. Hlola ngo-“New” noma“Relev" ukubona izinguquko.
  • Sebenzisa amathuluzi omthonga aqondene. I-Twitter/X inencwajana ewumfantu owenezela umongo ezingenisweni ezidukisayo. I-Facebook ne-Instagram ikuvumela ukuba ubike ukwaziswa okungamanga kubachengi-amaqiniso besithathu.

I - Viral media (Memes, Izithombe, Ukwaziswa)

Imememes ne-graphics ziyingozi kakhulu ngoba zifaka i-opera ekhangayo, ekwazi ukuvumelana. Ungakwethembi ukwaziswa ngenxa nje yokuthi kubonakala kunguchwepheshe. Sebenzisa ukucwaninga kwesithombe esibuya emuva ukuze ubone ukuthi isithombe saqala nini futhi sivelaphi. Imibhalo eminingi izulazula iminyaka eminingi ngezibalo eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma ezicacisiwe. Ngaso sonke isikhathi zibuza: “Ubani owadala lokhu, futhi isiphi isihlobo sabo?”

Isayensi Yokusebenza Kwamazwi Angalungile

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izinti ezingaqondakali kungakusiza ukuba umelane nakho.

  • Ukufakelwa okuqinisekisiwe:[ Sisekela ukwaziswa okuqinisekisa izinkolelo zethu ezikhona. Ukumelana nalokhu, funa ngentshiseko imithombo ephakeme elinganayo ephikisana nesimo sakho.
  • Umphumela wobunkomfa: Ukuphindwa kokuzisholo kwenza kuzizwe kuyiqiniso, ngisho noma kungamanga. Yingakho ukudukiswa kokwaziswa kusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu ngokuhlanganyela. Iphuzu elifanayo elibonwa kubangane abayishumi abahlukene libonakala lithembekile ngemva kwesikhathi seshumi.
  • Imiphumela yeqiniso:[ Ngisho nokuphindaphinda kanye kwandisa iqiniso eliqanjiwe lamazwi. Yingakho izinguquko zivame ukuhluleka; ukuqamba amanga kuba yisisulu esijwayelekile njengoba kuphindwa. Isivikelo esingcono kakhulu siwukugwema ukwabelana noma yini uze uyiqinisekise.
  • [ Umphumela wokuzingela-karchize: Abantu abanolwazi oluphansi ngendaba bavame ukuwadlula kakhulu amandla abo okuyihlola. Izakhamuzi ezithembekile ziyaqaphela imingcele yazo futhi zifunda kochwepheshe kunokuba zibalahle.

Ukwazi lokhu bandlululo akulona ikhambi kodwa kuwumjovo. Uma uzwa ukukhanga kwendaba eqinisa umbono wakho, yima futhi usebenzise izinyathelo zokuhlola.

Izinsimbi Zomthetho Nezikhungo Zokukhomba

Ukudla kwakho kolwazi kuklanywe yimithetho-mgamu eklanyelwe ukwandisa isikhathi esiseqongeni. La mithetho-algorith ifunda lokho okuchofozayo, futhi ikusiza kakhulu ngokufanayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungazithola usendaweni ofikela kuyo imithombo yomsindo kuphela. Ukuphuma kudinga isenzo sobugqizi:

  • Landela ama-akhawunti abekela umbono wakho inselele kodwa asathembekile (umzk., ukubhalisela i-Atlantic, noma ukulandela [ i-National Review [[])).
  • Sebenzisa iziphathi zindaba eziphothiwe njenge Allides, ezibonisa izihloko zezihloko zezindaba ukusuka kwesobunxele, phakathi, nakwesokudla kwindaba efanayo. Lokhu kukuqeqesha ukubona ukuthi isenzakalo esifanayo sihlelwa kanjani ngendlela ehlukile.
  • Susa umlando wakho wokuhlola kanye namakhekhe, noma qhathanisa imiphumela yakho yemithetho eyimfihlo nesileti esihlanzekile.
  • Beka eceleni imizuzu engu-15 ngosuku ukuze ufunde emthonjeni we-code − njenge-Associated Press, Reuters, noma BBC) elwela ukungathathi hlangothi, ukubika okusekelwe emaqinisweni. Lokhu kuveza indlela ozindla ngayo ngezindaba eziqinisekisiwe.

Ukufundisa Abanye: Ukwakha Isiko Lokucabanga Okugxekayo

Isivikelo esinamandla kakhulu ekumelaneni nokwaziswa okunganembile umphakathi wabantu abahlanganyela la makhono. Nansi indlela ongasiza ngayo abaseduze nawe:

Qala Izingxoxo, Hhayi Izici Ezicini

Uma othile ehlanganyela ukwaziswa okungabazisayo, ungaphenduli ngokuthi “Lokho amanga.” Lokho kubangela ukuzivikela. Kunalokho, yisho: “Kuyathakazelisa. Ukubonile kuphi? Ngingathanda ukuhlola umthombo.” Umkhuba wokufunda ngokukhipha i-tab entsha ndawonye. Buza imibuzo efana: “Ithini i-Snopes?” noma “Ukhona utholwe yi-apoupir?”

Fundisa Indlela Yokuziqeqesha Ekhaya

Hambani nihambe nihamba-hamba-hamba emalungwini omkhaya (kakhulukhulukazi izingane nabadala) kunezinyathelo ezine: Sma, Reventigate, Thola imfihlo ethenjwayo, Trace i-optional. Sebenzisani isibonelo sangempela kusukela kulezozindaba zosuku. Zilolo hlelo lokwenza lokhu kuzenzakalela.

Ukusekela Ukufunda Ngezinombolo Ezikoleni

Abasekeli bokuhlanganiswa kokwaziswa ezifundweni zesikole. Kunemithombo eminingi yamahhala, kuhlanganise ne-Online Reasoning code [[FLT: 1] ku-Stanford History Education Group, enikeza amasu afundwayo nezifundo zesikole esiphakathi ukuya ekolishi. Amalayibhulali anikeza izishadi zezindaba zenkohliso nokuhlola iqiniso.

Qaphela Ukulungisa Ngokweqile

Okokugcina, ukuthobeka kubalulekile. Akukho noyedwa kithi ogonyelwe ukwaziswa okunganembile. Abahloli abangcono kakhulu akubona labo abangakhohliswa, kodwa labo abasheshe bakhohliswe futhi bathathe inkambo elungile. Uma uqaphela ukuthi uhlanganyela okuthile okungamanga, uxolise futhi ubhale isixwayiso.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlolwa kolwazi kuwumkhuba, hhayi isifundo esisodwa. Indawo ezungezile yezimiso iyazimela, futhi amasu amasha okusebenzisa abonakala njalo. Ngokuzibeka emithonjeni eyisisekelo , ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ze-scheme, ukusebenzisa i-comporal secuding project, nokuqaphela ubandlululo lwakho, ungaqondisa ulwazi ngokuqiniseka. Ukuba nesabelo esiqinile kuxhomeke ekubopheni iqiniso. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma umisa ungena engosini, uvula i-tab entsha, noma ubuza umbuzo ongaqinisekiyo, uqinisa lowo kuzimisela. Umzamo uyinto encane; umvuzo uyakwazi ukunikeza ulwazi olungcono, uyakwazi ukubusa ngentando yeningi.