Inselele Yokuhlukanisa Izinombolo Eqoqweni Labantu Lanamuhla

Ukuqoqa ukwaziswa okunembile ngokubala kuye kwaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu esikhathini lapho imikhondo yezokuxhumana iyindlela yokuxhumana ehlelekile. Kodwa igebe eliqhubekayo lokuxhumana eliphakathi kwalabo abakwazi ukufinyelela i-intanethi namakhono emishini kanye nalabo abangena-"ufaka ukuphelela nokulunga kwenani. Uma imikhaya ingenakho ukuxhumanisa, imishini, noma ikhono lokuhamba nge-ingosi ye-inthanethi, ifaka engozini yokungalingani. Ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa kuholela ekudukisweni kwezimali zikahulumeni, ukuncishwa kweminyango yezombangazwe, nokungafinyeleleki kwemithombo yezenhlalakahle yomphakathi. Ukunqoba le migoqo akuyona into engenziwangabodwa; kuyimfuneko yokubalwa kwabantu bonke abakhonza izakhamuzi.

Ukwaziswa kwamuva nje okuvela [ku- U.S. Bureau kubonisa ukuthi imikhaya engenazikhokhelo ze-inthanethi ye-intanethi yasabela kuma-2020 Censues ngokuphawulekayo kunalawo anamanani abanzi. Ubhadane lwe-palette-era lushintshela ku-i-webric-evel yezindlela zobungako be-injini lusheshisa inkinga, lwenze icace ukuthi ukuhlelwa kohlelo lwezibalo lwesikhathi esizayo kumelwe lube sephakathi kokuhlelwa kokubalwa kwabantu. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinga lezibalo, sidwebela amasu aqinisekiswe ekuyitholeni, futhi sigcizelela indima yamakhambi asekelwe emphakathini ekuqinisekiseni isilinganiso esiphelele nesingenakulinganiswa.

Ukuqonda Ukwehlukana Kwezinombolo

Ukwehlukana kwezimiso akusona isikhala esisodwa kodwa isithiyo esihlangene nesayensi yokuma komhlaba, iholo, iminyaka, imfundo, nohlanga. Izindawo zasemaphandleni ngokuvamile azinazo isisekelo esingokoqobo se-internet ephezulu; izindawo ezisezingeni eliphansi zasemadolobheni zingafinyelela emapulanini abizayo noma angathembekile. Ngokwe- Ukuxhumana komphakathi [, amaMelika angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-14 antula ukufinyelela incazelo ebanzi ye-25/3 Mbps. Nokho, amazinga okutholwa aphansi kakhulu, ngoba ngisho nalapho indawo ekhona inzuzo, izindleko nezokufunda amanani aveza izithiyo.

Iminyaka nemfundo kunendima ebalulekile. Abantu abadala, ikakhulukazi labo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, abanamathuba okusebenzisa i-intanethi noma i-makhalekhukhwini. Abantu abanezinga eliphansi lemfundo bangase balwe nezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezithatha i-intanethi ezihlanganisa ukuhamba ngemishini. Imingcele yolimi ihlanganisa inkinga: izikhulumi ezingabumeli zaseNgilandi zingathola izinto zokubala abantu ngolimi lwabo kodwa zisadinga ukuqonda indlela yokunikeza izimpendulo ngogesi. Uhlanga nobudlelwane bobuzwe ku- Ukucwaninga nge-paw Research Center [ kubonisa ukuthi i-Hispanic nemikhaya yabamnyama ithinteke ngokungenakulinganiswa yikho kokubili ukuntula kwemi yemishini ebanzi namakhono emisebenzi yamanani.

Imiphumela yokubalwa kwabantu inzima. I-Census Bureau ilinganisela ukuthi i-2020 Census inenani eliphansi lenani elingu-0.24% iyonke, kodwa lokhu kushiyana okuphawulekayo: ibala lamaMelika aNsundu lalingu-3,3%, kumaHispanic 4.9%, futhi kumaNdiya aseMelika ahlala ezinqikaza ngaphezu kwe 5%. Igebe elingu-20 litholananisa ngokuqondile imingcele ehlukanisayo evimbela ukuzinakekela ngokwayo nge-inthanethi ye-intanethi. Ngaphandle kokungenela ngamabomu, le mingcele iyaqhubeka futhi inganwebeka emizamweni yokuqoqa ukwaziswa esikhathini esizayo.

Amasu Okunqoba Izithiyo

Ukusingatha izibalo ezihlukanisayo eziqoqweni zokwaziswa okuhlanganisa abantu kudinga indlela e-octive ethatha indawo ngaphandle kokwakha imibhoshongo eyengeziwe. Amasu asebenzayo kumelwe ahlanganise ukutshala izakhiwo, ukuqeqesha amakhono emishini, izindlela zokuqoqa iminikelo, kanye nokuhlanganisa umphakathi ngokujule. Ngezansi kunezinsika ezine eziyinhloko, ngayinye enezinyathelo zikakhonkolo kanye nezibonelo zezwe langempela.

1. Yandisa Iziyalezo Ze - Internet

Isisekelo sokufakwa kwemitapo ngemitapo. Nokho amagophe amakhulu asemaphandleni aseMelika, amazwe esizwe, kanye nemiphakathi yezindawo ezisasele. Ohulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga kumelwe bafake imali phakathi kwemizwa nezimiso zokugcina, izinhlelo zokusebenza njenge Brudubadusa ukusuka ku-National TYMY kanye noMnyango Wolwazi. Izinhlangano zomphakathi zingasheshisa ukusebenza (kakhulu) ngokwesibonelo, izinhlangano zezempatho zomphakathi emadolobheni anjenge-Chatkha, Tennessee, ziye zafinyelela impumelelo eseduze kwentengo yemibango yokuncintisana.

Ngokomongo wokubala, ukwanda kwezemisebenzi kufanele kubeke izindawo ngokwezinga eliphansi lokusabela komlando. I-precensus ibalazwe lokutholakala nokutholwa kwemidanti ebanzi, lihlangene nemininingwane yokusabela komjikelezo osudlule, livumela izinhlangano ukuba zisebenzise imithombo lapho ziyoba nethonya elikhulu khona. Ukuze kube nomjikelezo we-2030 Census, i-Census Bureauau ingabambisana ne-FC ukuze ihlanganyele ulwazi lwe-eartic olubanzi futhi ixhumane nobubanzi obuxhumele ezinsuntwini zamanani.

Izindaba futhi zokuxhumanisa. Nakuba ukubopha okungakangeni kulungile, imikhaya eminingi incike kuphela kuma-makhalekhukhwini. Izindlela zomdwebo kumelwe zifanelekele abayaluzi abahambayo, okunokwaziswa okuncane nokuhamba ngemiyalo ehambayo. Imishini ethwala izinto ngemisebe. Ukuxhumana okunemininingwane engasebenzisi i-injini ukuze kunikeze ukwaziswa okukhululekile noma okungalinganiswangango-zekhothiwe phakathi nenkathi yokuqoqa iqoqosho inganciphisa izindleko. Phakathi nonyaka wama-202020 CV, ezinye izimpahla ezinikezwa ngemininingwane yesihle yokubalwa.gov, kodwa ukuqapha okuqonda kwakuphansi kakhulu emikhankamweni yokudayisa imvume yokukhangisa ngezokukhangisa.

Nikeza Izinhlelo Zokufunda Ngezinombolo

Izakhiwo zodwa azinele. Ngisho nemikhaya eboshwe ngenkani ingase intule amakhono okuqeda ifomu yokubala nge-inthanethi ngokuqiniseka. Izinhlelo zezokubhala nokubhala ngemishini zenza imishini yezincwadi (ikhilijiwe ngemitapo, izikhungo zomphakathi, izikole, nangezikhungo eziphakeme) leli bhuloho. Lezi zinhlelo kufanele zidlulele ngalé kwe-inthanethi ye-inthanethi ukuze zihlanganise imisebenzi ethile eqondile: ukuthi ungayithola kanjani i-tebula-iom, ukuthi ungakha kanjani i-ID yomsebenzisi, nokuthi ungayifaka kanjani ngezindlela ezilimini ezihlukahlukene.

I-National Digital Inclusion Alliance (NDIA) inikeza uhlelo oluhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono emishini njengesinye sezici ezinhlanu ezibalulekile ze-equitic quity. Amahhovisi okubala abantu asendaweni angasebenza ne-NDIA community ukuze aqeqeshe abaphathi bezokuxhumana, abese esiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziphele ngenkathi zilindele izinkonzo. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi no 202020 Censues, umkhankaso we-Filadelphia Cencation [[ udwendwe lwamanani owenziwe ama-NDIA emikhumbi ezokuhlola ukudla emabangeni ezindawo zezokudla naseminyango, esiza abantu abaphelele isakhiwo sesikhathi belinde izinkonzo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kutholakale ngezilimi eziningi futhi kunikezwe ngamafomethi ahlanganisa izitayela zemfundo ezihlukene: ezindaweni zokusebenzela ezihlukene, kumavidiyo, nasemasitejini anyathelisiwe. Ukunaka okukhethekile kufanele kunikezwe abantu abadala, abantu abakhubazekile, nalabo abangakaze basebenzise i-intanethi. Izinhlangano ezinezikhungo zomphakathi ezithenjwayo njengemitapo yezincwadi, esezibonwa kakade njengezindawo eziphephile nezingathathi hlangothi, ziphumelela kakhulu. Izimiso eziningi zemitapo manje zinezinhlelo zemishini yobuchwepheshe yemfundo yemfundo ngokukhethekile yezindlela zikahulumeni; lezi zingenziwa ukuba zihlolwe ukuqoqwa kwemitapo yezibalo.

3. Nikezani Izindlela Eziningi Zokuqoqa Izincwadi

Ayikho indlela efinyelele wonke umuntu. Inqubo eqinile yokuhlanganisa imininingwane ehlanganisa abantu isebenzisa indlela “yokuhlanganisa i-milti-modal” yokusondela: kuyi-inthanethi, ucingo, iphepha, kanye ne-person. Emiphakathini lapho izibalo ziwumqansa, amaphephandaba ahlale eyinethi lokuphepha. I-Censureaunia Bureau kufuneka ithumele iphepha kunoma iziphi izinhlelo ze-inthanethi ezingasabelanga ngaphakathi kwefasitela elithile, njengoba kwenziwa ngo-2020. Nokho, amafomu ephepha kumelwe atholakale ngokushesha ukuze agweme ukusabela kwamuva kwalelo mininingwane ye-skathi.

Izingxoxo zocingo ezinye izindlela, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala noma abantu abangafundile. Inani elingenakho inani elisetshenziswa abasebenzisa izilimi eziningi lingasingatha izingcingo 24/7 phakathi nenkathi yokuqoqwa. Ukuphumelela kwempendulo yocingo kuxhomeke ekuthembekeni . / Ababiza ucingo kufanele baqeqeshelwe ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ucingo lusemthethweni (lunikezwa izindaba zokukhohlisa ezisabalele) futhi lunikeze usizo ngezilimi eziningi.

Izibalo ezisemqoka zihlala zibalulekile. Abadwebi bamabala beminyango yezindlu ezingahambi, kodwa kumelwe bahlonyiswe ngezibhebhe ze-mouse ezingathatha imininingwane ngaphandle kolayini futhi zisebenzisane kamuva. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-pronolar angakwazi ukusebenza ngisho nasezindaweni nge-intertimetation. Kufanele futhi babe nezindlela ze-panecrate. , i-Crucily, i-alferers kufanele iqashwe emiphakathini ekhonzayo, ibonakalisa izinhlanga, izinhlanga, nokwehlukahluka-hlukene kolimi lwezindawo. Ulwazi lwasendaweni futhi nobudlelwane bandisa amazinga okusabela kolwazi futhi banciphe ukwesaba kokusetshenziswa kwemininingwane.

I-Census Bureau yase-U.S. ka-2020 ibonisa ukuthi indlela yokuhamba ngemisebe eminingi yayibalulekile emaphandleni ase-Alaska, lapho amadolobhana amaningi engenayo khona i-Intanethi. Abahambi bendiza encane nezimoto zeqhwa bahamba beyoxoxa nabantu ngabanye, ngokuvamile besebenzisa amafomu ephepha. Uma bebala abantu abalandelayo, iBureau kufanele ikwazi ukuhlanganisa izindawo ezidinga kakhulu futhi ibeke imithombo yemali ngendlela esebenzayo kunokuba isebenzise i-inzuzo.

Ukuhlanganyela Nokwethenjwa Komphakathi Wamaduna

Ubuchwepheshe nentuthuko asho lutho uma imiphakathi ingamethembi uhulumeni ngemininingwane yayo. Ukuhlukanisa kwenombolo kuvame ukuhambisana nokungaphathi kahle, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamaqembu ahluzekile ngokomlando, izifiki, nabantu abanombala. Ukwesaba ukuthi ukwaziswa kuyahlanganwa nokugcinwa kwemithetho yokuthunyelwa kwabantu, ukugcinwa komthetho, noma abanikazi bezindawo kungavimbela ukuthatha isinyathelo ngisho nalapho imingcele yemisebe isuswa.

Ukwethembana kuqala kudala ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukubalwa abantu. Abaholi bendawo − abaklami, othisha-sikole, abanikazi bamabhizinisi abancane, kanye nabaphathi bezinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini − kufanele babhaliswe njengezithunywa. “I-Complete Country Councial Committee” (CCCCs) iyisibonelo esiqinisekisiwe: lamaqembu ezisebenzi zokuzithandela zendawo aklama futhi akhiphe iziteshi ezihambelanayo emiphakathini yawo. I-CCCCC ingahlela amaqembu amaqembu avimbelayo, imise iziteshishi zokubala abantu emasontweni, noma isebenzise imithombo yezindaba yesizwe ukuchaza isivikelo se-Skini ngaphansi kweSihlo 13.

Ukuqonda mayelana nokusetshenziswa kokwaziswa kubucayi. Imishini yokuthola kufanele isho ngokucacile ukuthi ukwaziswa kokubala akunakwabelana nenye inkampani kahulumeni iminyaka engu 72, futhi akukho nxusa lokuqinisekisa umthetho elikwazi ukuphendula umuntu ngamunye. Ukulayeza kufanele kungaguquguquki futhi kuphindwe ngezilimi eziningi. Phakathi nomjikelezo ka-2020, eminye imiphakathi yabafuduki eCalifornia yasabela ngenani eliphakeme ngemva kokuba imikhankaso yendawo isetshenziswe ubuso obuthenjwayo", njengomhlengikazi ohlonishwayo noma umqeqeshi webhola lendawo.

Ukuthembisana komphakathi kusho futhi ukulalela izinkathazo nokuzivumelanisa nendlela yokusebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, emiphakathini yamaMelika oMdabu lapho ukubusa nokuzifihla kuhamba phambili khona, izisebenzi ezisebenza ngokubala abantu kufanele zisebenze nohulumeni besizwe ukusungula imithetho ehlanganisa ukwaziswa ehlonipha inqubo engokwesiko. Izinhlangano zomphakathi namaNdiya aseMelika ziye zasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuthatha impikiswano. Isimiso esifanayo sisebenza emiphakathini yasemaphandleni yasePuerto Rica, lapho ukulimala kwesiphepho nogesi ongenakulinganiswa kwandisa izinselele zokwehlukana kwezimiso zemvelo.

Ubuchwepheshe obungahambi ngaphandle kanye nokungena ngezansi

Ngisho noma ingenza amasu angcono kakhulu, eminye imikhaya izohlala ingekho ngaphandle kolayini. Ubuchwepheshe bungasiza ekuvaleni igebe ngezindlela zokudala. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusabela kwephimbo elihambisanayo (IVR) izimiso zezwi zivumela abantu ukuba baqede ukubala ngocingo besebenzisa imiyalelo elula yokuthintana noma yezwi ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko. Ukuhlola okusekelwe kuyi-SMS kungafinyelela abantu abasebasha abano-makhalekhukhwini kodwa abangase babe namasu avumelanayo. Imikhankani yezimiso zekhodi lapho abasebenzisi bebhala amagama acacile (jek., "CENUS") inombolo yenombolo futhi bamukele ukuxhumana kocingo kuhlolwa abashayeli.

Ama-kiosk omphakathi emitatsheni yezincwadi, emahhovisi eposi, nasezitolo zokudla anganikeza ukufinyelela kwesikhashana ngokukhethekile ukuze kuqedwe ukubala abantu. Lama-kiosk kufanele abe nama-screen eyimfihlo futhi ahlanzwe njalo. Izimiso ze-QR ezisebenza ngeposi zingaxhumanisa ngokuqondile nohlelo lwe-ingosi ye-intanethi, zinciphise ukungezwani kwalabo abane-software kodwa abangenandlu ebanzi. I-Cencasureauauau kufuneka futhi ifake i-meom engagcina ukusabela okusendaweni yaki futhi ihleleke uma uWi-Fi ekhona, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba abasebenzi be-proflog kanye nabazimeter besebenza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-intanethi.

Enye indlela ethembisayo ukusebenzisa i-internet. I-operatellite-monobit i-operatellite e-Starlink inganikeza ukuxhumana kwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo ezindaweni ezikude phakathi nokuqoqwa kwabantu. Imikhumbi ehlangene enezikhungo ze-inthanethi yomphakathi, kanye nemishini esetshenziswayo esetshenziswayo ezindaweni zomphakathi, kungaba yisishintshi somdlalo sokubala abantu abahlala e-Melika amaNdiya nase-Alaska. Nokho, izindleko nokwethembeka kumelwe kuhlolwe ngokucophelela.

Ukukhuluma Ulimi Nezidingo Ezitholakalayo

I-minuber digital iyanda uma iklanywa ngesiNgisi noma ngezinye izilimi ezimbalwa. I-Bureau ye-Census isinezilimi ezingu-59, kodwa abantu abaningi bakhuluma izilimi noma izilimi ezingahlanganisiwe, noma bangakwazi ukufunda nokubhala noma ngaluphi ulimi olubhaliwe. Izincwadi zamavidiyo ezinezilimi eziningi, kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe, zingasiza abantu abangakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kakhulu. Kubantu abakhubazekile, amafomu kumelwe ahambelane nabafundi be-scrediograph, futhi amafomethi ahlukile afana ne-Braille noma ama-print amakhulu kufanele atholakale uma becela.

Izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini ezinikeza izinkonzo zokuthola ulimi − njenge- U.S. Committee for Refugees ne Immigrants. Izisebenzi ezisebenza namahhovisi okubala abantu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhankaso elinganiselwe yesiNgisi, isiMandarien, isi-Vietnam, isiKorea, kodwa imizamo yesikhathi esizayo idinga ngisho nokuthandwa kakhulu, ukuxoxa nomphakathi ngamunye ngemidanti ekhethekile.

Isiphetho: Isidingo Sokutshala Isimiso Somzimba

Ukunqoba ukuhlukaniswa kwezibalo eziqoqwayo ezingolwazini lokubala akuyona inqubo ethatha isikhathi esisodwa kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo yokwandisa izakhiwo zezemisebenzi, ukwakha ikhono, ukuqoqwa kwezindawo eziningi, nokutshalwa kwemali egciniwe. Izigxobo ziphakeme: Umuntu ngamunye ophuthelwa kulokhu kubalwa kwabantu ukunciphisa izimali ezisemkhakheni wezibhedlela, izikole, imigwaqo, nezinkonzo zomphakathi ngesilinganiso sama - dollar ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ngonyaka iminyaka eyishumi.

Amasu ahlelwe lapha `i-broadband abekwe khona) ukutshala imali ebhaliswe ngenkani, izinhlelo zobuchwepheshe, iphepha ne-apply, ukusekela i-panel, ukuhlanganisa umphakathi, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlanganisa ukuhlelwa , kuye kwaqinisekiswa emikhankasweni yokuhlola izindiza kanye nemijikelezo yamuva yokubalwa kwabantu. Okudingekayo manje yintando yezombangazwe nokusekela imali ukuze zilinganisele. Izimo-mfundazwe kufanele ziqale ukuhlela eminyakeni yangaphambi kwenkathi, zisebenzisa imininingwane evela ku- Census Bureauay ye-ligic ex exyly [ ukucwaninga okukhethekile kwesifunda ngasinye.

Ekugcineni, ukubalwa kwabantu okubaluleke ngokufanayo kudinga ukuba yonke imikhaya ibe nethuba elifanayo lokuhlanganyela. Ukuhlukanisa inombolo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala, esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuthatha isinyathelo ngamabomu, singaqinisekisa ukuthi ukubalwa kwabantu okulandelayo kubonisa ukuhlukahluka kweqiniso kwesizwe, hhayi nje labo abangase babe nobudlelwane obusheshayo be-inthanethi.