Enkathini echazwa ngenani lokwaziswa, ikhono lokuhlaziya lokho okufundayo, ukubukela, nokuzwa akuseyona into engenziwa ngokuzikhethela, kodwa akuselona ikhono eliyisisekelo lokusinda. Nsuku zonke, uhlaselwa izihloko zezindaba, izikhungo zezokuxhumana, izikhangiso, nokutusa kwe-algorithm-algorinth. Umngcele phakathi kweqiniso eliqinisekisiwe nezindaba eziqanjiwe ufiphaze, ukwenza kube okubalulekile ukuthuthukisa indlela yokuthola izinga nokwethembeka kolwazi. Noma ucwaninga isimo sokwelapha, ukunquma ukuthi uzovota kanjani, noma uzama nje ukuqonda isenzakalo samanje, amakhono abekwe kulesi sihloko ayokusiza ukuba unqamule umsindo futhi ufike eziphethweni, iziphetho ezisekelwe ebufakazi.

Izici Eziyiphutha

Imiphumela yokuhluleka ukuhlola ukwaziswa ayiyona into engabonakali. Embusweni wezempilo, i-propati eyodwa ekhuthaza ikhambi lekhaya eliyingozi ingaholela ekulimaleni okungokomzimba. Kwezombangazwe, ukusakazeka kwezithombe ezisetshenziswayo nezingcaphuno eziqanjiwe kungasheshisa okhetho futhi kususe ukwethemba kwentando yeningi. Emalini, izindaba zenkohliso ngenkampani zingabangela ukuphambana noma ukutshala imali. Ngokungaqondi kakhulu, ukudla ukwaziswa okungalinganiyo okungasheki okungalinganiyo kungajiki, kungenza ukuba ubheke phambili ikhethelo, futhi kukwenze ube lula kakhulu ukulisebenzisa. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuhlola kuyisenzo sokuzihlola ngokumelene nala mandla. Kuyisenzo somthwalo womphakathi: uma uhlanganyela ulwazi oluqinisekile, oluthembekile, uqinisa ulwazi lwendawo yakho, uqinisa ulwazi lwakho kuwo wonke umuntu.

Ikhore Mind: Buza Yonke Into — Ngokukhethekile Imibono Yakho

Ngaphambi kokuba bangene ezindleleni eziqondile, kuyasiza ukuhlakulela ingqondo eqondile. Abahloli bokwaziswa abaphumelela kakhulu abagxeki noma abanganaki; bathobekile futhi bathanda ukwazi. Bayaqaphela ukuthi ubandlululo lwabo lungabenza bamukele ukwaziswa okuzizwa kungcono kunokwaziswa okunembile. Lokhu kusho ukuhlola ngokucophelela indlela ozizwa ngayo. Uma isihloko esikhulu sikwenza uthukuthele, ujabule, noma wesabe, yima. Leyo mizwelo iyisibonakaliso sokuthi okuqukethweyo kuklanyelwe ukudlula ingqondo yakho enengqondo. Zibuze: [[FLT:] Yibuphi ubufakazi obungashintsha ingqondo yami? Uma ungenakuphendula ukuthi, ungase unamathele ekukholelweni kunokuba uhlole ukwaziswa.

Ukuqonda Isimiso Sokwaziswa Sanamuhla

Ukuze uhlole ukwaziswa, kumelwe uqale uqonde ukuthi ivelaphi futhi igeleza kanjani. Imithombo yezindaba yendabuko-msakazo .amaphepha ezindaba, amasakazo, omagazini bezemfundo, ````speach''',' kodwa manje incintisana nemithombo eminingi yemithombo yamanani. Amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana, amaqoqo e-prandpast, amaphephandaba aphansi, amavidiyo eTak, kanye newebhhthi ye-AIIP yonke enengxenye ekuhlanganiseni ingxube. Umsakazo ngamunye unezinsi yawo siqu, izindinganiso zomhleli, kanye nokusakaza. Ngokwesibonelo, indawo ye-mediadia iveza ukuthembisa, noma okungathandeki ngenxa yokuthi igcina abasebenzisi bebhala. Ngokufanayo, iwebhusayithi ehambayo ingacweza izihloko eziphuma eziphumayo ezindabeni zokukhangisa. Ukuqaphela lamandla anele kunikeza noma yiziphi izikhathazo ezifanele.

Ukubaluleka Kwemithetho Yomthetho - sisekelo

Imithetho-mithetho yohlelo lokudla kokwaziswa okusekelwe ekuziphatheni kwakho kwesikhathi esidlule, ngokuvamile yenza amagwebu okuhlunga akubonisa lokho osuvumelana ngakho. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukwamukela ukwaziswa okungamanga okuhambisana nombono wezwe lakho ngoba awuvamile ukubona izincazelo eziphikisanayo. Ukuphuma kulokhu, funa ngentshiseko imithombo ephikisa imibono yakho. Sebenzisa imibuzo ehlanganisa amagama afana "nemiqondo ephikisana" noma "izinto ezihlolwayo ezithi"." Funda izincwadi ezinemibono yomhleli ehlukile kweyakho. Lokhu kuveza ikhambi elinamandla le-almalthmic silos.

Ijubane Lokwaziswa Okungalungile

Ukwaziswa okungamanga kusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu kuneqiniso lezenhlalo yezokuxhumana, ngokokucwaninga okuvela ku-MIT. Ukumangalelwa okungokomzwelo okunganembile − kaningi noma ukwesaba − kuhlanganyela ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani abe nethuba lokukuqinisekisa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi unomthwalo wemfanelo wokwehlisa ijubane. Ungahlanganyeli lutho ngaphambi kokuba uhlole. Ngisho noma indaba izizwa iyiqiniso noma ivumelana nezinkolelo zakho, thatha isikhathi uhlole imvelaphi nokunemba kwayo. Imizuzu embalwa oyifaka ekuqinisekiseni ingavimbela ukuqamba amanga ekufinyeleleni izinkulungwane zabantu.

Izithiyo Zangaphakathi

Ubuchopho bakho busebenzisa iziqabukiso zengqondo ukuze busebenzise ukwaziswa ngokushesha. Nakuba lezi zindlela ziphumelela, zibuye zibangele amaphutha ahlelekile ekwahluleleni. Ukuqaphela lokhu kucwasana kuyisinyathelo esiyinhloko sokukunqoba.

Ukuqinisekisa I - Bias

Lokhu kungukuthambekela kokufuna, ukuchaza, nokukhumbula ukwaziswa ngendlela eqinisekisa izinkolelo zakho ezandulele. Uma uhlola iphuzu, zibuze: Ngiyabunikeza ubufakazi obusekela lokho engikucabangayo kakade? funa ngentshiseko ubufakazi obungaqiniseki futhi ubuphathe ngokuhlola okufanayo ongase usebenzise ekuqinisekiseni ubufakazi.

Ukusebenzisa Ikhono Lokuphehla Umzimba

Abantu babheka isenzakalo esisekelwe ekucabangeni okulula. Uma usanda kubona izindaba eziningi zokuhlasela koshaka, ungase uqikelele ingozi onayo. Ngokufanayo, uma ukuqamba amanga kuphindaphindwa kaningi, kuba lula ukukhumbula futhi ngaleyondlela uzizwe uqinisile ngokwengeziwe. Yilwa nalokhu ngokuncika ekwazisweni okusekelwe emithonjeni ethembekile kunokuba ubheke izimpawu ezisekelwe emithonjeni ethembekile.

Umphumela We - “tuger ”

Lokhu kuthambekela komqondo kubangela abantu abanolwazi olulinganiselwe ukuba bakhululeke kakhulu, kuyilapho ochwepheshe bethambekele ekululazeni ikhono labo. Emkhakheni wokuhlola ukwaziswa, lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaqiniseka kakhulu ngekhono lakho lokubona izindaba zokukhohlisa. Isilinganiso esinempilo sokuthobeka (nesifiso sokuhlola amathuluzi angaphandle nochwepheshe )

Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Ewusizo Yokuyihlola

Izindlela eziningana ezihlelwe kahle ziye zasungulwa ochwepheshe bezincwadi nokwazi ukufunda emithonjeni yezindaba ukuze baqondise ukwaziswa. Ezimbili kwezifundiswa kakhulu yi- CRAAP Uvavanyo kanye [[FLT]] ESIFT Metho[. Zombili ziklanyelwe ukuba zisheshe, zenzeke, futhi ziphumelele.

Ukuhlolwa Kwe - CRAAP

Ikhuliswe abaqondisi bezincwadi eCalifornia State University, Chico, ukuhlola kweCRAAP kucela ukuba uhlole umthombo onezilinganiso ezinhlanu: Umthetho , u-Relevince[, [[FLT:]] [[FLT:]] [[FLT]]

  • I-Curbency: Ukwaziswa kwanyatheliswa nini noma kwafakwa nini? Ingabe kushintshiwe noma kubukeziwe? Ingabe isihloko sakho sidinga ukwaziswa kwamanje, noma imithombo yakudala isazosebenza?
  • I-relevisence:[ Ingabe ukwaziswa kuhlobene nezidingo zakho? Ubani ohloselwe ukuba yizilaleli? Ingabe kusezinga elifanele (ayiyona eqalayo noma ethuthuke kakhulu)?
  • Isithunzi: Ngubani umlobi/publisher/isisekelo? Ziyini ifacense noma izinkolo zabo? Ingabe ziyakufanelekela ukulotshwa kulesihloko? Bheka ulwazi lokuthintana noma "Ngethu" ikhasi.
  • Accurity:[ Ingabe ukwaziswa kusekelwe ubufakazi? Ungakuqinisekisa kweminye imithombo? Ingabe ulimi alunayo imifakela enengqondo? Hlola imikhombo nezikhombo.
  • Purpose: Iyini injongo yokwaziswa /ukuzisa, ukukholisa, ukuthokozisa, noma ukuthengisa? Ingabe ikhona injongo eshiwo ngokucacile? Ingabe ikhona inguquko yezombangazwe, yezemfundo, yesiko, noma yenkolo? Ingabe umbono ubonakala unenjongo futhi ungakhethi?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP kuyisiqalo esiqinile, kodwa kusebenza kangcono uma unesikhathi sokufunda umthombo ngokucophelela. Ukuhlola ngokushesha, isikhathi sangempela, njengalapho uhlela i-media yezokuxhumana."indlela yeSIFT ingaba ngcono kakhulu.

Indlela Yokusebenzisa ISIFU

Yadalwa uchwepheshe wezifundo zokufunda nokufunda we-minuber Mike Caulfield, SIFT imelela ukuma , ukuhlanganisa umthombo[, [ Thola isambatho esingcono[, izisholo, nokuthinta kwe-mongo yokuqala[FLT].

  • Meka:[ Ungahlanganyeli, njenge, noma uthathe isinyathelo kuze kube yilapho usuqinisekisiwe. Funda lonke ucezu, hhayi isihloko esikhulu. Zibuze uma wazi umsuka nedumela layo.
  • Hlanganisa umthombo: Sebenzisa ukusesha okusheshayo ukuze ufunde ngommemezeli noma umqambi. Khangela iWkipedia noma eminye imithombo engathathi hlangothi. Ingabe umthombo waziwa ngokwethembeka noma ngomfutho we-provession?
  • Thola ukwenethwa okungcono: Esikhundleni sokuhlukanisa isihloko esisodwa esingakholeki, thola isifushaniso esithembekile, esihlolwe yiqiniso lokwaziswa okufanayo. Bheka imfihlo eziphumayo ezimisiwe noma izinhlangano zikahulumeni. Sebenzisa izingosi ezihlola iqiniso njenge Snopets[ noma FactCC.org]
  • izisho, izingcaphuno, nemithombo yezindaba kubuyela emongweni wokuqala: Kaningi, isici segciwane lizocaphuna othile ngaphandle komongo noma liveze isithombe ukuze lishintshe incazelo yaso. Sebenzisa ukucwaninga okuphambene nesithombe (izithombe ze-Google noma i-Tineye) ukuthola isithombe sokuqala. Thola inkulumo egcwele noma ingxoxo eyathathwa kuyo. Lesinyathelo sodwa singasusa inani elikhulu lezinto ezingamanga.

Inqubo yesiFT iwusizo kakhulu ekuhloleni lokho okushiwo yimithombo yezokuxhumana, lapho ijubane libekwa khona ngokunembe. Ngokuhlola umthombo futhi uthole izihloko ezingcono, ngokuvamile unganquma ngemizuzwana embalwa ukuthi umniningwane wokwaziswa uthembekile yini.

Iqiniso: Indlela Engenayo Esetshenziswayo

Ukuhlola iqiniso kudlulela ngalé kokukholelwa noma ukungakholwa. Kuhilela ukufuna ukuqiniseka emithonjeni enegunya. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizokusiza ukuba uhlole iqiniso njengochwepheshe.

Isinyathelo Sokuqala: Thola Ukuthi Uyini Ubufakazi

Yini ngempela egonywayo? Yilobe kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi umbono ucacile ("Ucwaningo olusha lubonisa u-X bangela u-Y") futhi ngezinye izikhathi kushiwo (Izimiso zomPolitian A ziholele ekukhuleni kwezomnotho"). Ukuqondela ngokuzisholo kukusiza ukuba ufune ubufakazi obuphumelela kakhulu.

Isinyathelo Sesibili: Funa Umthombo Wasekuqaleni

Uma ukwaziswa kucaphuna ukuhlolwa, umbiko, noma inkulumo, kulandele phansi. Isihloko sezindaba esivezwe kahle sizohlobanisa nokucwaninga kwasekuqaleni noma ukubhala. Uma kungekho mxhumanisi onikezwayo, funa izinkulumo eziyisihluthulelo. Ngokuvamile, ucwaningo lungakhomba kabi emithonjeni yezindaba; ukufunda isifushaniso esifingqiwe noma esiphethe kahle kungaveza lokho ukucwaninga okukushoyo ngempela.

Isinyathelo 3: Bheka Imithombo Enegunya

Sebenzisa idatamu yohulumeni (.gov), izitayela zemfundo (Isazi seGogle, i-PubMud), kanye nama-journals athembekile. Izindawo zezempilo, CDC kanye WHO Ithembekile. Ngokwezinqumo zezombangazwe, izinhlangano ezilawula iqiniso njenge Politifac noma iWashington Post Secker ziwusizo. Izesayensi zithi, iwebhusayithi ye-webhusayithi noma izindaba zesayensi zi-agglets ezifana ne-Eurelet zingasiza.

Isinyathelo 4: Sebenzisa “Ukufunda Kwamuva" Ubuciko

Kunokuhlala ekhasini lokuqala futhi uzame ukulihlola ngokuzihlukanisa (ukufunda okuqondile), vula ama-tab amasha bese ufuna ukuthi iziphi ezinye imithombo ethembekile ezisho ukuthini ngesihloko esifanayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukufunda i-pateral. Kuyisu elisetshenziswa abahloli abangochwepheshe beqiniso. Ngokuhlola imithombo eminingi ezimele ngokushesha, ungakha ukuvumelana ngaphandle kokuba ube uchwepheshe wendaba wena ngokwakho.

Isinyathelo Sesihlanu: Qaphela Imithombo Yezindaba Ehlasimulisayo

Ama-fiepfeke, ama-fiep, ashintshiwe, kanye namavidiyo a-context avame kakhulu. Sebenzisa amathuluzi njengokubuya uphequlule isithombe, i-Google' "Ngesici sesithombe" noma izinkonzo ezifana ne-Tineye. Bheka i-metameter yezithombe uma zikhona. Kumavidiyo, funa ukufakwa kokuqala bese uqhathanisa ama-hectamp. Uma isitini sevidiyo sibonakala sishaqisa kakhulu noma siphelele, kungenzeka ukuthi sihleliwe.

Ukwakha Ukudla Kokwaziswa Komuntu Siqu

Njengoba nje ungeke udle ukudla okungenamsoco kuphela, akumelwe udle ukwaziswa okungalingani. Ukuhlela ukudla kokwaziswa okulinganiselwe kuyinqubo esebenzayo.

Qinisa Imithombo Yakho Ngokuzimisela

Yenza uhlu lwemithombo ethenjwayo yezihloko ozikhathalela kakhulu. Hlanganisa nenhlanganisela yezindaba zendawo, izikhangiso zesizwe, kanye nombono womhlaba wonke. Emthonjeni ngamunye, cabangela: Iyiphi irekhodi labo lezindlela zokulungisa?[ [[FLT:]] Ingabe banezinhlangothi ezicacile zombono njengaleyo?[[[FLT:]]] [[FLT]] banamathezene empikiswaneni? Banendlela yokulungisa izingxabano?[FLT:]

Ukuzihlela Ukwaziswa

Ukuhlola njalo izimpawu zezindaba nezokuxhumana kukwenza uhlale usesimweni sokusabela, ukhathazeke kakhulu. Kunalokho, hlela izikhathi ezithile zosuku zokuthola izindaba. Sebenzisa umfundi we-RSS noma isikhokhelo sebhukwana ukuze ugweme umsindo we-algoric. Yima ukusunduza izaziso emibhalweni yezindaba. Lokhu kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kokusabela ngokushesha futhi kukunika isikhathi esengeziwe sokuhlola lokho okubonayo.

Prakthiza "Ukufunda Ngejubane"

Uma uhlangana nokuthile okubalulekile noma okumangalisayo, kufunde kancane. Funda sonke isihloko, hhayi isihloko esikhulu. Bheka ubufakazi, ucingo lomlobi, usuku, nengxenye yencwadi (amasha nemibono). Sebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP noma indlela ye-SIFT ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuhlanganyela.

Ukufunda Ekilasini Nasekhaya

Ukwaziswa okushintshayo kuyikhono elithuthukisa ukuprakthiza, ungawasebenzisa ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke futhi usize nabanye ukuba nabo bawafunde.

Othisha Nabazali

Fundisa abafundi indlela yeSIFT usebenzisa izibonelo zangempela. Babonise indlela yokuhlola umthombo wesifektha noma indaba evame ukuvezwa. Bakhuthaze ukuba benze uhlu lwezindaba zenkohliso futhi bafunde impela. News Literacy Project [ inikeza abafundisi imithombo yemali nezifundo zamahhala. Kubazali, ukubuka imithombo yezindaba nabantwana nokubuza "Uyazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso?]

Ezisebenzini Nakochwepheshe

Emsebenzini, ukwaziswa okunganembile kungaholela ezinqumweni ezimbi, ekuchitheni ingcebo, nasekulimaleni kwedumela. Izinhlangano kufanele zinikeze ukuqeqeshwa kokuhlaziya izindaba zemboni, ukucwaninga, nokwaziswa. Ukukhuthaza isiko lapho ukucela ubufakazi kuwuphawu lokungathembeki. Lapho uhlanganyela ukwaziswa eqenjini, hlanganisa umthombo wokuqala futhi uqaphele noma ikuphi ukulinganiselwa.

Izihibe Ezivamile Nendlela Yokuzigwema

Ngisho nabahloli abanokuhlangenwe nakho bangenza amaphutha.

  • Ukuncika emthonjeni owodwa: Akukho mthombo ophelele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi i-triambulate yokwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni eminingi, ezimele.
  • Ukwenza ulwembu lweqiniso: Ukusho ukuthi "umsindo olungile" akulona iqiniso ngempela. Ukuvumelana ngokomzwelo akuwona ubufakazi.
  • Ukufuna ubuchwepheshe bokukhohlisa: izihlokwana ezinjenge "Dr" zingadukisa. Hlola ukuthi umuntu unekhono ngempela emkhakheni othintana nesayensi yemvelo. Isayensi yemvelo ingase ingabi umthombo othembekile wezokudla.
  • [ ukwenqaba izingxabano zezimali zenzalo:[ Okuqukethwe yizimboni ezixhaswe ngezimali ezifake isigxobo emphumeleni (umz., ukuhlola ngoshukela oxhaswe yinkampani ye-soda) kudinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
  • [[[NT: 0] Ukuthatha isicathulo njengezindaba eziqondile: Izindawo ezinjenge-Onion zibizwa ngokucacile njengezingathandeki, kodwa ezinye zingafiphaza umugqa. Uma indaba ibonakala ingenangqondo kakhulu ukuba ingaba yiqiniso, ngokunokwenzeka kuyisici esiyingozi.

Isiphetho

Ukwaziswa okukhishwayo kuwumkhuba onamandla, ohlala njalo. Akuwona uhlu lwezifundo oluthatha isikhathi esisodwa kodwa inqubo oyisebenzise nsuku zonke. Njengoba indawo yokwaziswa ishintsha ngemithonje yezesayensi, umbhalo owenziwe nge-Al, kanye namakhekhekhe ajulile aqala ukuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu . Amakhono akho okuhlola kufanele avele ashintshe. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zihlale zikhona: ukunciphisa, imithombo yemibuzo, ukuhlola, nokufuna umongo. Ngokufaka lamakhono, uba nolwazi oluqinile, futhi ube isakhamuzi. Awuzivikeleli nje kuphela enkulumweni engcono kodwa futhi ufaka isandla enkulumweni engcono. Isikhathi esilandelayo ubona isihloko esikhulu noma iposi evusa inkanuko, ukuthatha ikhefu. Ukuhlola imizuzwana emibili ukuhlola.