Ukuqonda Intela YoMbuso: Isiqondiso Esinesisekelo Sabafundisi Nabafundi

Intela kahulumeni yakha umgogodla wenkonzo yomphakathi exhaswe eUnited States, kodwa izakhamuzi eziningi ziqonda ngokungaphezulu indlela lentela esebenza ngayo, lapho ihamba khona, nendlela izinguquko zenqubo ezithinta ngayo ukuphila kwazo kwansuku zonke. Kothisha nabafundi, ukuqonda ukukhokha intela kahulumeni kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba imfundo ithola ingxenye enkulu yalemali. Lesiqondiso sinikeza ukubheka amandla angemva kwentela kahulumeni, izindlela zabo zokuqoqa, ithonya labo ezimalini zabo zomuntu siqu, kanye nemithetho yentela elawulayo.

Iyini Intela KaHulumeni Futhi Ivelaphi?

Izintela zikahulumeni ziyintela eziphoqelelwe ngokwezimali ephoqwa ohulumeni bakahulumeni bakahulumeni kubantu ngabanye, emabhizinisini, nasempahleni engaphansi kwabo. Igunya elingokomthetho lentela kahulumeni lisuka esiPhunyeziweni seshumi kuya kuMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S., okunamagunya agciniwe angaphathiswanga uhulumeni kahulumeni. Umthetho-sisekelo wezwe ngamunye nendikimba yemithetho ichaza isimiso esiqondile sentela, amazinga, kanye nokungahoxi okusebenza phakathi kwemingcele yawo.

Umqondo wentela kahulumeni uye waqala ngokuphawulekayo kusukela ekuqaleni kwerepublic. Ngekhulu le-19, izifundazwe zancike kakhulu ezintelani zempahla nasemisebenzini engokwesiko. Ukusungulwa kwentela yemali kahulumeni kwaqala eWisconsin ngo-1911, futhi ngawo-1930, izifunda eziningi zase zithathe uhlobo oluthile lweholo noma intela yokuthengisa. Namuhla, isifundazwe ngasinye ngaphandle kwe-Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampre, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Texas, Washington, neWyoming sifaka intela ebanzi yeholo yomuntu siqu.

Intela kahulumeni ihlukile ezinkokhisweni zikahulumeni ngenjongo, izinga, nakubaphathi. Nakuba intela kahulumeni ixhasa izinhlelo zesizwe zokuzivikela, ukulondeka kwezenhlalakahle, nezezisekelo zezindawo ezisemgangathweni, izinkonzo zentela zikahulumeni ezithinta ngokuqondile izinga lokuphila lezakhamuzi lansuku zonke, kuhlanganise nemfundo, ukuphepha komphakathi, ezokuthutha, nezinkonzo zezempilo.

Izinhlobo Ezinkulu Zentela KaHulumeni

Ukuqonda izigaba ezihlukahlukene zentela kahulumeni kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zibone indlela imifudlana ehlukahlukene yemali esetshenziselwa ukukhokhela izinkonzo zomphakathi.

Intela Yomuntu Siqu

Intela yeholo lomuntu siqu iyintela yemali ehholwa abantu, kuhlanganise neholo, amaholo, inzuzo yokutshala imali, nenzuzo yebhizinisi. Izwe lisebenzisa izinga eliyisicaba noma isilinganiso sezinga eliqhubekayo. Ngo-2025, 11 amazwe alondoloza intela ethatha imali ephelele kusukela ku-5,5% eColorado kuya ku-4,99% e Utah. Izinga lokuhamba kwezifunda njengeCalifornia, iHawaii, ne-New Jersey zilinganisela kakhulu ezingeni lemali ethola imali ephakeme, kanye nezingalo eziphezulu ezifinyelela ku-13,3%.

I - Trust Foundation inikeza incazelo eningiliziwe yezakhiwo zentela edonswayo kahulumeni, iphawula ukuthi uma kungekho ntela ekhokhelwayo ngokuvamile incike kakhulu ekuthengiseni nasezinkokhisweni zempahla ukuze ithole imali efanayo.

Ukuthengisa Intela

Intela ekhokhelwayo intela esetshenziswayo ethengwayo, futhi kwezinye izindawo, izinkonzo. Isilinganiso sentela kahulumeni eUnited States sicishe sibe ngu-5,57%, kodwa ohulumeni bendawo emazweni amaningi banenezela intela yabo siqu, iletha amaphesenti angaphezulu kwayishumi ezindawo ezithile njengeChicago, i-Illinois, nezingxenye ze-Alabama.

Ngokuphawulekayo, izifundazwe ezinhlanu (i-Alaska, i-Delaware, iMontana, i-New Hampshire, ne-Oregon) aziphoqeleli ukukhokha izintela zentela zezohwebo ezisemthethweni. Nokho, i-Alaska ivumela intela yendawo, kuyilapho ezinye zithembele kwezinye imithombo yemali. Intela isebenza empahleni yomuntu siqu engokoqobo ezizweni eziningi, kodwa ukuphathwa kwezinkonzo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ezinye zinikeza izinkonzo zezentela njengomsebenzi ongokomthetho noma wokubhalisa izimali, kuyilapho ezinye ziyidedela ngokuphelele.

Impahla nezinkonzo ze-odatic seziyindawo ephikisanayo yenkambiso yentela. Ngemva kwesinqumo seNkantolo ePhakeme yase-U.S. ku-2018 e-South Dakota v.Wayfair, izifundazwe manje zingadinga abathengisi abangaphandle kwe-inthanethi ye-intanethi ukuze baqoqe intela futhi bafake futhi bafake intela yentengo, ukuhlanganisa indawo yokudlala namabhizinisi ezitini nangamapulangwe.

Intela Yempahla

Intela yempahla ihlolwa ngezindawo nangempahla yomuntu siqu, kuye ngokwenani lempahla. Ohulumeni bendawo bavame ukukhokha intela yempahla, kodwa ohulumeni bakahulumeni bavame ukubeka izindinganiso zokuhlola nesilinganiso sesilinganiso. Izintela zempahla ziwumthombo oyinhloko wemfundo ye-K-12 etholakala emazweni amaningi, zizenze zifaneleke ngokuqondile kothisha nakubafundi.

Intela yempahla ephumelelayo ihluka kakhulu ezifundazweni. INew Jersey, i-Illinois, ne-New Hampshire inamazinga aphumelela kakhulu, inani lempahla elingaphezu kwamaphesenti amabili ngonyaka, kanti iHawaii, i-Alabama, neLouisiana inamazinga angaphansi kwe 0,5%. Lokhu kungafani kuthinta ukukhokha izindlu, amazinga abaninizo, nezinkonzo zendawo.

Ukuqothulwa Kwentela Nentela Ekhethekile

Intela yokukhokha ikhokha izimpahla ezithile noma imisebenzi ethile, ngokuvamile ehloselwe ukunyusa imali nokusebenzisa izinto ezididayo. Intela evamile isebenza kuphethiloli, utshwala, ugwayi, nogwayi. Intela yokwehlisa intela yomgwaqo omkhulu yokwakha nokuyinakekela ngezimali ezinikezelwayo ezizweni eziningi. Intela yotshwala nezikagwayi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi intela yesono, iveza inzuzo enkulu kuyilapho ihlose ukunciphisa ukudla okulimazayo.

Muva nje izifundazwe eziningana ziye zasungula intela yokukhipha i - opioid embonini, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, nezikhwama zepulasitiki njengamathuluzi amisiwe okusingatha ukukhathazeka komphakathi ngempilo nemvelo.

Ukukhokha Intela Ngobuqaba

Intela ekhokhelwayo iyasebenza ezinzuzoni zamabhizinisi asebenza ngaphakathi kuhulumeni. Amazinga entela asukela ku- 2,5% eNyakatho Carolina kuya ku-11,5% eNew Jersey. Izifundazwe eziningi bezinciphisa intela yenkampani phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule ukuze zikhange ibhizinisi. Nokho, izinhlangano eziphumelelayo ezikhokha intela ngokuvamile zihluka kakhulu ezingeni lentela ngenxa yezikweletu, izikweletu, kanye nezikhalazo.

Injongo Nokuthutha Intela KaHulumeni

Ukuqonda indlela izakhamuzi ezikhokha ngayo intela kusebenza ngayo njengendlela eyinhloko yokuxhasa izinkonzo zomphakathi ezidingekayo.

Ukuxhasa Imfundo

Imfundo ithola ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yentela kahulumeni ezifundazweni eziningi. Ngokwesilinganiso, amazwe ahlela cishe amaphesenti angu-35 ezindleko zawo ezivamile zemali emfundweni yeK-12, kanye nenye futhi ngamaphesenti ayishumi aqonde emfundweni ephakeme. Lemali ihlanganisa amaholo othisha, izinto zekilasi, ukunakekelwa kwezakhiwo zesikole, ezokuthutha, nezinhlelo zemfundo ekhethekile.

I- U.S. Census Bureau ibika ukuthi ingqikithi yemali echithwayo yemfundo yomphakathi idlula ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-80 000 ngonyaka, imibuso inikeza cishe amaphesenti angu-47 alemali, ohulumeni bendawo, kanye nohulumeni wezwe 8%. Amazwe anamazinga emali ephezulu kanye nempahla athanda ukusebenzisa imali eningi kumfundi ngamunye, iveza isilinganiso sokuhluka ngokwezinga lemfundo emiphakathini yonke.

Ukunakekela Impilo Nezinkonzo Zomphakathi

I-Medicaid, uhlelo oluhlangene lwe-mishuwalense yezempilo kahulumeni kubantu abahlawulwa kancane, imelela isigaba sesibili esikhulu kakhulu sokusetshenziswa kukahulumeni. EUnited States izimali cishe amaphesenti angu-40 ezindleko zeMedicaid, uhulumeni ehlanganisa ezisele ngemali efanayo. Imali yezempilo kahulumeni ihlanganisa neminyango yezempilo yomphakathi, izinkonzo zempilo zengqondo, nezinhlelo zezingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile.

Izinkonzo zezenhlalakahle yabantwana, zokunakekelwa, ukunakekelwa komkhaya, ukudla, nezinhlelo zezindlu zithola imali enele kahulumeni.

Izakhiwo Zokuhamba

Intela yoMbuso ixhasa ukwakhiwa nokunakekelwa kwemigwaqo emikhulu, amabhuloho, izimiso zokuthutha zomphakathi, kanye nezikhumulo zezindiza. Intela ye-gasoline kanye nentela yokubhalisa ivame ukugeleza ezimalini zokuhamba ezinikezelwe, iqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzisi besimiso sokuhamba banikela ngokuqondile ekugcinweni kwayo. I-American Road ne-Forters Association Izindlela zomkhondo zidinga izisekelo zesakhiwo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthi amazwe amaningi abhekene nezikhala zemali yemali yentela njengoba inzuzo yentengoso incipha kwentuthuko yamandla kaphethilo.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi Neziluleko

Amaphoyisa oMbuso, amaphoyisa asemigwaqweni emikhulu, amajele kahulumeni nezimiso zenkantolo zixhomeke enkokhelweni yentela kahulumeni. Izikhungo zokusetshenziswa kwemali ziye zakhula kakhulu phakathi neminyaka engu - 20 edlule, kanti ezinye izifundazwe zichitha imali eningi emajele kunasemfundoni ephakeme. Izinkantolo zikahulumeni zilungisa amacala obugebengu, izingxabano zombango, nezindaba zomthetho, ngokuyinhloko zikhokhelwa ngemali engokwezimali ngo - dollar yentela kahulumeni.

Imithombo Yemvelo Nesivikelo Sendawo Ezungezile

Izindawo zokuhlala zikahulumeni, ukuphatha izilwane zasendle, ukugada amanzi asesilinganisweni, nezinhlelo zokulawula ukungcola zithola imali ezintela zikahulumeni. Izifundazwe ezikhiqiza amandla zivame ukusebenzisa intela yokuhlukanisa uwoyela, igesi, kanye nokukhipha amaminerali ukusekela imizamo yokulungisa indawo ezungezile nokulondoloza imvelo.

Indlela Intela KaHulumeni Eqoqwa Futhi Iqondiswe Ngayo

Ukuqoqwa kwentela kahulumeni kuhilela izindlela eziningi eziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuvunyelwana nemithetho kuyilapho kuncishiswa izindleko zokuphatha.

Izimiso Zokugodla

Abaqashi basebenza njengezisebenzi eziyinhloko zenkongozelo yentela edonswayo kahulumeni. Balinganisela intela yezisebenzi ezikhokhayo futhi bathumela lemali ngokuqondile eminyangweni yezimali zikahulumeni. Le nqubo yeholo inciphisa umthwalo kuzisebenzi ukuze zikhokhe imali elinganiselwa kukota futhi zinikeze amazwe ngenzuzo engapheliyo phakathi nonyaka.

Izwe eligodlela amatafula, livuselelwe ngonyaka ngokusekelwe ezinguquko zomthetho wentela, linqume ukuthi ingakanani eligodliwe. Abaqashi bangalungisa indlela abagodlela ngayo i-Form W-4 noma i-module elingana nokuthengwa kwezikweletu, izikweletu, kanye nesikhundla esixhomeke kuhulumeni.

Ukuqoqa Intela

Abathengisi baqoqa intela yentela eqophelweni lokuthengisa futhi bayifake futhi bayifake emnyango wezentengiselwano, ngokuvamile ngesisekelo sanyanga zonke noma sengxenye yesine. Isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme ngo-2018 savumela amazwe ukuba adinge abathengisi abakude nabadayisi besitolo abanjengoAmazon ukuze bathengise intela, bandise ngokuphawulekayo isikhungo sentela. Izifunda eziningi manje zinemithetho yezomnotho efuna ukuba abathengisi bezwe ukuba baqoqe intela uma nje bedlula umthamo othile wentengo yentengiso noma imali ezithengiselwe kuyo.

Ukunciphisa ukuqoqwa kwentela yentela ngobuchwepheshe kuye kwanciphisa umthwalo wokuphatha emabhizinisini. Iziteshi zesofthimu ezihlangene nezimiso ze-compone-sale-spect ukuze zibale intela elungile esekelwe ohlwini lomkhiqizo nasekhelini lokuhambisa, kuhlanganise namazinga okulawula asendaweni.

Ukuhlolwa Kwentela Yempahla

Abahloli bendawo banquma inzuzo yempahla ezinjongoni zokuhlola intela ngokusebenzisa amasu okuhlola intela ngobuningi, ukwaziswa okulinganayo, kanye nezici zempahla. Izindlela zokuhlola ziyahluka ngokwezwe, abanye besebenzisa izindinganiso zentengo yentengo kanti abanye besebenzisa izilinganiso zokuhlola okungalingani. Abanikazi bezindawo bangakholelwa ukuthi ukudlulisa izikhala akunembile ngamabhodi okuhlola ukuphatha noma izinkantolo.

Izifunda eziningi zinikeza izinhlelo zentela yempahla kubantu abadala, abangomakad ’ ebona, nabangenamakhaya ngokukhulula, ngokuthenga izikweletu, noma ngezinhlelo ze-panel. Inhlangano yezwe yeLand Policy [ igcina imininingwane ebanzi ngezimiso zosizo lwempahla ezweni lonke.

Abakhokhelwa Intela Abalinganiselwa Kubantu Abazigodlayo

Abantu abazisebenzelayo, abakhokheli besihlengo, nabenzi bezenkampane kumelwe bakhokhe imali yentela ngokwesilinganiso sesine ukuze bakhokhe intela ehhoxisiwe. Lenkokhelo, efuneka ngo-April, June, September, no-January, ivimbela izijeziso ezikhokhelwayo ebezingaphinde zikhokhwe. I-IRS ikhipha iziqondiso ezithi ngokuvamile zimelela izimfuneko ezilinganiselwayo.

Ukubuya Kwentela Nezincwadi Zokuhlola

Intela kahulumeni, ekhokhelwa minyaka yonke abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi, ilinganiswa intela ekhokhwayo noma igodlelana intela engokoqobo. Izifundazwe eziningi zisebenzisa iholo elilungisiwe njengendawo yokuqala yezibalo zentela zikahulumeni, bese zisebenzisa ukulungiswa okucacileyo, izikweleti, nezikweleti zikahulumeni. Iminyango yemali yoMbuso ihlola ukugcinwa kokukhokhwa, isebenzisa izibalo nemininingwane ehambisana nokungavumelani.

Umphumela Wentela KaHulumeni Enqabeni Yakho

Izintela zikahulumeni zithonya ngokuqondile imiphumela yomuntu siqu yezimali, kusukela ekuthatheni imali ekhaya kuya ekukhokheleni indawo yokuhlala kuya ekuthengeni imali okubizayo kwansuku zonke. Ukuqonda lemiphumela kuvumela ukuhlelwa okungcono kwezimali nezinqumo ezithe xaxa ngokuphathelene nokuthi uzohlala kuphi futhi umsebenzi.

Intela Nenzuzo Engadingeki

Intela ekhokhelwayo ithinta inzuzo eqondile. Isisebenzi sihola ama - dollar angu - 75,000 ngonyaka esifundazweni esinentela eyisicaba ekhokha u - $3,50 (R1,50) entela kahulumeni, kuyilapho isisebenzi esisodwa esisezweni esikhokhe intela eyisicaba ngamaphesenti amathathu sikhokha uR1 500 kuphela.

Intela edonswayo kahulumeni isebenza futhi nentela kahulumeni. UMthetho ka-2017 Cuts no-Jobs wavala intela kazwelonke nentela yendawo kuR79 000, kwandisa umthwalo wentela osebenzayo wezakhamuzi zasezindaweni eziphezulu njenge California, New York, ne-New Jersey.

Ukuthengisa Intela Nemali

Intela ethengiswayo yandisa izindleko zezimpahla nezinkonzo, inciphisa amandla okuthenga. Umkhaya uchitha u - $40 000 (R150) ngonyaka ezintweni ezikhokhelwayo esifundazweni ngentela yokuthengiselana ekhokha intela engu-7% engu-R1,800 (R7,50) kuyilapho ukukhokha emotweni okufanayo kulelozwe nesilinganiso esingu-4% ngentela. Ukubuyiselwa kwentela kusho ukukhokha imali ephansi kakhulu emakhaya ahlawulwayo.

Amaholide entela, anikezwa amazwe amaningi esitolo esibuyela emuva esikoleni, ukulungiselela izinto eziphuthumayo, noma izinto ezisebenza ngamandla, anikeza abathengi usizo lwesikhashana kuyilapho evuselela nomsebenzi wezomnotho.

Intela Yempahla Nezindleko Zokwakha

Intela yempahla imelela izindleko eziqhubekayo zomninindlu. Ikhaya elilinganiselwa kuR350 000 egunyeni elingu-5% lingenisa intela yempahla engu-R3,5 500 ngentela yaminyaka yonke, kuyilapho ikhaya elifanayo endaweni yezinga elingu 0,5% lingenisa uR2,500 kuphela.

Inkolelo-mbono yokukhokha intela yempahla isikisela ukuthi amakhaya asezindaweni ezithengiselwa intela ephansi athengiselwa amanani aphansi, njengoba abathengi benciphisa intela yesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kuchaza intela yempahla ethinta kokubili izindleko zokuthenga ikhaya kanye nezindleko zokulithenga.

Ukuthutha Intela Nokuziphatha Kwezomnotho

Ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi imithetho yentela ithonya izindlela zokufuduka, izinqumo zendawo yebhizinisi, nezinga lokuhweba. Izinga eliphakeme elingenisa abantu namabhizinisi ngokuvamile lisuka enteleni ephezulu liya ezifundeni eziphansi, njengoba kufakazelwa inani labantu elisuka eCalifornia nase-Texas, eFlorida, naseTennessee. [[FL:0]x Foundation ikhipha izinga lentela likahulumeni laminyaka yonke elihlaziya indlela izakhiwo zentela ezithinta ngayo ukuncintisana kwezomnotho.

Intela KaHulumeni Nezimali Zemfundo: Ukuxhumana Okuqondile

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwezintela zikahulumeni nemfundo bubaluleke kakhulu kubafundisi nakubafundi.

Indlela Inzuzo Yentela Efinyelela Ngayo Ezikoleni

Imfundo yoMbuso inquma indlela intela esakazwa ngayo ezifundeni. Izifundazwe eziningi zisebenzisa izisekelo ezisekela iqoqo ngalinye lezimali ngeqoqo lentela yempahla nosizo lukahulumeni. Izindlela zokuhlela ezinye izimali ziqondisa izifunda ezinempahla ephansi, zihlose ukunciphisa imingcele phakathi kwemiphakathi ecebile nempofu.

Izimali ezikhokhwa esikoleni ezifundazweni eziningi ziye zabekela inselele ezimisweni zezimali ezingenakulinganiswa, nezinkantolo ezisezindaweni ezinjengezithi New Jersey, Kentucky, neWashington eziyala izishaya - mthetho ukuba zishintshe izinqubo zazo. Lamacala abonisa isibopho somthetho - sisekelo samazwe okumelwe sinikeze imali eyanele nelinganayo yemfundo.

Izindleko Zokuthengisa Nomsebenzi Wothisha

Izimali zentela yezwe ezikhokhwayo zentela yesikole eziyingxenye enkulu kakhulu yemali yesikole: izindleko zezisebenzi. Iholo labafundisi, iholo lokusekela izisebenzi, izinzuzo, neminikelo yempesheni idla cishe amaphesenti angu-80 emali esetshenziswa esikoleni. Izwe elinentela ephakeme linganikeza isinxephezelo sokuncintisana, likhange futhi ligcine abafundisi abafanelekayo.

INational Education Association isebenzisa isilinganiso samaholo othisha ngombuso, yembula ukwehluka okuphawulekayo kusukela ku - R2 500 000 eNew York kuya ngaphansi kuka - R150 000 eMississippi.

Intuthuko Nezobuchwepheshe

Izikole ezisemiphakathini ekhulayo zidinga izakhiwo ezintsha, kuyilapho izindawo ezigugile ezisezindaweni ezimisiwe zidinga ukuthuthukiswa kwesimanje. Ikhono lezifunda zesikole lokuhlanganisa intuthuko enkulu lixhomeke ekukhokheleni intela yempahla nasezinqubweni zikahulumeni.

Izinhlelo Zesikole Nezinkonzo Zabafundi

Ngaphandle kwezifundiswa eziphambili, intela kahulumeni isekela imidlalo yokugijima, izinhlelo zobuciko, izinkonzo zokweluleka, imfundo ekhethekile, nezinhlelo zolimi lwesiNgisi. Uma uhlelo lwemali kahulumeni lubhekene namaphutha, lezinhlelo ngokuvamile zincishiswa ngaphambi kokufundiswa kwekilasi, okuthinta okuhlangenwe nakho kwemfundo ebanzi.

Ukuqonda Izinguquko Zemithetho Yentela Nemikhuba

Ukuhlala wazi ngalezi zinguquko kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zilindele imiphumela yazo ngokwezimali futhi zihlanganyele ezingxoxweni ezingokwesimiso.

Izinguquko Zamuva Zentela

Izindlela eziningi eziphawulekayo ziye zaphawula inkambiso yentela kahulumeni eminyakeni yamuva. Izifunda eziningi ziye zanciphisa noma zasusa intela eholayo ukuze zikhange izakhamuzi namabhizinisi. I-Arizona, i-Georgia, i-Iowa, neMississippi konke kuye kwathuthela ezikhungweni zentela eziyisicaba. Ngokuhlukile, ezinye izifundazwe ziye zandisa izisekelo zentela yentela yentela ukuze zihlanganise izinkonzo nemikhiqizo yezobuchwepheshe ukuze zifake imithombo yemali.

Umncintiswano wentela phakathi kwezifundazwe uye wakhula, ikakhulukazi kubaholi abaphezulu namabhizinisi ahamba phambili. Izifunda zikamakhelwane zivame ukusabelana ngezinguquko zentela, zidala amandla lapho izinqumo zemithetho ehlangene zithinta khona ezinye.

Ukukhokha Intela Ngezobuchwepheshe

Ukukhula kwe-ecommerce, umsebenzi okude, nezinkonzo zezezinombolo kuye kwaphoqelela izifundazwe ukuba zivumelanise izimiso zazo zentela. Imithetho yezentengiselwano idinga amapulatifomu anjenge-Amazon, i-ebay, ne-Etssy ukuze kuthengiswe intela yabathengisi bengxenye yesithathu. Ukukopisha intela ngemishini kusebenza ku-software, izinkonzo ezigobekayo, kanye nezincwadi. Izifunda-Stechreass zihlola noma zisebenzisa intela eqoqweni yemininingwane kanye nasekukhangiseleni.

Umsebenzi Okude Nentela KaHulumeni

Inguquko ye-COVOVID-19 yobhadane lokuya emsebenzini oqhelile yadala imibuzo enzima yentela. Abaqashi abahlala kwelinye izwe kodwa basebenzela abaqashi kwelinye izwe bangase babhekane nezibopho zentela kuzo zombili izifundazwe. Amanye amazwe aye amukela ukunenzuzo kwemithetho yomqashi, akhokha izisebenzi ezikude ngokusekelwe lapho umqashi wawo esendaweni ekhona kunalapho izisebenzi zihlala khona. Ingqungquthela yesizwe yeState Legislatures[

Izinqubo Eziwusizo Zokukhokha Intela KaHulumeni

Ukwazi inqubo nethonya lentela kahulumeni kuholela emasuni asebenzayo okunciphisa umthwalo wentela kuyilapho kusekela izinkonzo zomphakathi ezibalulekile.

Ukuhlelela Abantu Intela

Abantu bangalawula ukuchayeka kwabo kwentela yentela yezwe ngezindlela eziningana. Ukukhetha indawo yokuhlala nomsebenzi kunemiphumela ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoba amazwe ehluka kakhulu emthwalweni wentela. Ukuthenga izinto ezinkulu emaholidini okuthengisa kungaveza imali encane. Ukunikela kuma-akhawunti akhokhelwe intela afana nama-529 amabhukwana emali yemfundo kunganikeza intela kahulumeni. Izintengo zokukhokha uma zivunyelwe zinganciphisa intela kahulumeni kubanikazi bekhaya nabanikazi abanikela ngesihle.

Ukuhlanganyela Ekulungeni Nokusebenza Ngesigqi

Ukuqonda isimiso sentela kahulumeni kunika izakhamuzi amandla okusekela izimiso ezivumelana nezindinganiso zazo. Ukuhlanganyela nezikhulu zikahulumeni, ukuthatha igalelo ekuqulweni kwecala lomphakathi ezihlongozweni zentela, nokuvota kuhulumeni nasezindaweni zokhetho kuthonya imithetho yentela. Izinhlangano zothisha, izinhlangano zothisha nothisha, kanye nemfundo zamaqembu afundisayo zisebenza ngokuqinisekisa iziteshi zentela ngokufanele ukusekela izikole.

Imithombo Yemfundo Eyafundiswa Abafundisi

Ukuqonda indlela intela ekhokhwa ngayo amaholo abo nempahla yekilasi kwenza abafundi bahlobanise imibandela ecatshangelwayo yezezimali zomphakathi neyomphakathi.

Isiphetho

Intela yoMbuso imelela okungaphezulu kakhulu kwento ekhokhwayo noma i-lisithi. Isisekelo sezimali semfundo yomphakathi, izakhiwo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, nokulondeka. Othisha nabafundi, ukuqonda imibuso elandela intela kahulumeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba imfundo ithola ingxenye enkulu yalezimali. Ngokuqaphela izinhlobo zentela zikahulumeni, ukuthi ziqoqwa kanjani, ithonya lezimali zabo, kanye nezimiso ezihlangene zezezezezimali, izakhamuzi zingazenza izinqumo zezimali nezisekela izimiso zezezimali ezisekela imiphakathi echumayo. Ukuhlobana ngokuqondile phakathi kwenqubo yentela nemfundo kwenza lokhu kubaluleke kunoma ubani obekelwe intela esikhathini esizayo sesikole. Ukuzifundiswa ngenguquko yentela, ukuhileleka kwezezimali, ukuhileleka kwezentengo yomphakathi ezinqulweni ezingokomthetho, nokuqonda ukuthengwa kwentela ezisemkhankalweni ezingokwezingeni ezingokwempilo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ekuhlanganyele ekusekeleni kwezimiso zezempilo nezimiso zezempilo.