Inguquko yemfundo yasenyakatho Ireland: Umbono we-UP oqeqeshiwe

IUlster Unionsist Party (UUUP) iye yazibeka njengezwi eliyinhloko empikiswaneni eqhubekayo yezinguquko zemfundo enyakatho ye-Internal Ireland. Njengoba lendawo iqhubeka ilawula indawo yayo eyinkimbinkimbi yangemva kwemvume, umbuzo wokuthi yini izingane eziyifundayo ezikoleni uye waba yindawo eyinhloko yenkulumo yezombangazwe. Isimo sika-UUUP sibonisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokumelelwa kwempucuko, ukunemba komlando, nendima yemfundo ekwakheni ikusasa elifanayo.

Inguquko yemfundo eNyakatho Ireland ayiyona nje indaba yokuvuselela izincwadi zokufunda noma ukuchaza ukuhlelwa kwendlela yokuhlola. Ithinta imibuzo eyisisekelo mayelana nesaziso, inkumbulo, kanye nokulandisa okuzohlela isizukulwane esilandelayo. i-UP iphikisa ngokuthi inqubo yenguquko yamanje iyingozi edala izifundo ezingalinganiyo ezihlulekayo ukumelela umlando womphakathi we-Unistism, isiko, neqhaza emphakathini wase-Northern Ireland.

Umlando Wemfundo Ushintsha Enyakatho Ye - Ireland

Isimiso semfundo se-Northern Ireland sekuyisikhathi eside siyindawo yengxabano yezombangazwe nempucuko. Le ndawo iphethe isimiso sesikole esihlukaniswe kakhulu, izingane eziningi zobuProthestani zifunda izikole ezilawulwa uhulumeni futhi izingane eziningi zamaKatolika zifunda ezikoleni ezilondoloziwe. Lokhu kwakhiwa kuye kwaqinisa ukuhlukanisa kwezenhlalo, abagxeki baphikisa, kwaqhubekisela phambili ukuhlukana kwezenhlalo.

I-Good Wear Agreement ka-1998 yamisa uhlelo lokwakha umphakathi ohlanganyelayo nongahlangani, futhi imfundo yachazwa njengendlela ebucayi yokufinyelela lo mgomo. Izinguquko ezilandelayo ziye zafuna ukusungula izici zemfundo efanayo, ukuthuthukisa ukuqondana, nokuxoxa ngezici eziphikisanayo zakudala ze-Northern Ireland.

Eminyakeni yamuva, uMnyango Wemfundo WaseNyakatho Ireland uye wathatha uchungechunge lwezibukezo zezifundo ezihloselwe ukuhlaziya lokho abafundi abakufundayo nendlela abakufunda ngayo. lokhu kubukeza kuye kwabangela impikiswano enkulu ngokuthi iziphi izenzakalo ezingokomlando nemibono engokwesiko okufanele kuhlanganiswe, ukuthi inkathi yengxabano kufanele ifundiswe kanjani, nokuthi ikuphi ukulinganisela okufanele kuhlatshwe phakathi kokulandisa komphakathi okuhlukahlukene.

I-UUP iye yahlanganyela ngokuzikhandla kulezi zinqubo zenguquko, inikeza ukusabela okungokomthetho ekuhloleni nasekuphakamiseni ukukhathazeka eMhlanganweni wase-Northern Ireland. Indlela yaleliqembu ibonisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwe-Union ngokukhukhuleka kwezimpawu zeBrithani nefa lezemfundo yasenyakatho Ireland.

Izimiso zekhoba le-UuP eziphathelene nemfundo

Isikhundla sika-UUP sigxile ezifundweni ezikhuthaza ukuqondana nokuhloniphana kuyilapho zivuma amasiko ahlukahlukene asemaNyakatho Ireland. Iqembu liyawulahla umqondo wokuthi ukwakha ikusasa elifanayo kudinga ukuncipha noma ukunciphisa noma ukuhlahlela noma yimuphi umphakathi noma umlando.

I-UUP ikholelwa ukuthi imfundo kufanele ikhuthaze umuzwa wokuba nemininingwane efanayo yomphakathi esekelwe esikhundleni somthetho-mthetho we-interern Ireland eUnited Kingdom. Nokho, leliqembu ligcizelela nokuthi lokhu kubizwa kumelwe kube okungadingeki futhi kuhloniphe ifa lale ndawo nelaseYurophu.

Izimiso eziyinhloko eziqondisa indlela ka-UP zihlanganisa:

  • [[I- I-balladed memode:[ Izifundo kufanele zinikeze isilinganiso esilinganayo ku-Union ne-Nationalism imibono ngezenzakalo zomlando namasiko amasiko.
  • [ Ukunemba okungokobuhlaziyi: izinto zokufundisa kufanele zibe lukhuni ngokweqiniso futhi zigweme ukunikeza izincazelo eziguqulayo njengeqiniso elinenjongo.
  • [ Imfundo ye-pivic: Abafundi kufanele bafunde ngezinhlangano zezombangazwe ze-Northern Ireland, ukubusa komthetho, namalungelo abo nemithwalo yabo yemfanelo njengezakhamuzi ze-United Kingdom.
  • [ ukucabanga okungaqondakali: Uhlelo lokufundisa kufanele luhlomisele abafundi ngamakhono okuhlola imithombo ehlukene yokwaziswa futhi bakhe imibono yabo siqu.
  • [ Imfundo ehlanganyelweyo:[ IUP isekela izinyathelo ezihlanganisa abafundi bamaProthestani namaKatolika ukuze bahlanganyele okuhlangenwe nakho kokufunda, uma lezi zinhlelo zihlonipha izimpawu ezihlukile zombili imiphakathi.

Iqembu liphikisa ngokuthi lezizimiso zibalulekile ekwakheni umphakathi othanda ukuhlukahluka kuyilapho ulondoloza umuzwa ovamile wokuzibandakanya.

Imbangela Yokukhathalela Izinguquko Zanamuhla

I-UUPP iphawule ukukhathazeka okuningana okuqondile ngokuqondisa kwezinguquko zezifundo zamanje. Lokhu kukhathazeka kubonisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu emphakathini we-Union mayelana nokubekwa ngokwesiko nokubhalwa kabusha komlando we-Northern Ireland.

Ukushintsha Imibono Ye - Unionism

I-UUUP iphikisa ngokuthi ezinye iziphakamiso zezifundo nezihlongozo zenguquko zinikeza ukunakekela okukhulu kakhulu ekulandiseni kwesizwe neRepublican kuyilapho zilulaza noma zishiya imibono ye-Union. Lokhu kungalingani, leliqembu liphikisa, izingozi eziveza umbono osontekile ngomlando wase-Northern Ireland nomphakathi wanamuhla.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-UUP iye yaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngendlela iNkinga efundiswa ngayo ezikoleni. leliqembu likholelwa ukuthi imithombo eminingi igxile kakhulu ezicini ezibonisa iRiphabliki nasezenzweni zempi, ngaphandle kokulungisa ubudlova obubangelwa amabutho eRepublic ngokumelene nezakhamuzi ezizimele kanye nezinhlangano zokhuseleko. i-UP iveza ukuthi indlela elinganiselwe yokuzicabangela ingakuvuma ukuhlupheka kwayo yonke imiphakathi kanye nokuyinkimbinkimbi kwalempi.

Ngokufanayo, leliqembu liye lazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngendlela i-palgnome ye-Internal Ireland enikezwa ngayo. I-UUP ifuna ukuba uhlelo lwezifundo luchaze ngokucacile isimiso sokuvuma esibekwe kwi-Good Friver Advement, ethi isimo somthetho-sisekelo waNyakatho Ireland singashintsha ngokuvuma kwabantu bayo. Iqembu libheka lokhu njengesivikelo esiyisisekelo sobunye nokulondeka.

Ukugcizelela Okunganele Emlandweni Namasiko Okulwela Ukubambisana

I - UUP igomela ngokuthi izifundo zamuva azihlanganisi izenzakalo eziyinhloko, amanani, namasiko angokwesiko ayinhloko esazi ukuthi singobani.

  • Ukwakhiwa kweNyakatho Ireland nokukhula kwayo njengenhlangano enciphile eUnited Kingdom
  • Iminikelo yabasekeli bobunye njengo-Edward Carson noJames Craig kusuka kumthetho-sisekelo wase-Northern Ireland
  • Indima yezinhlangano zomphakathi ezisekela uhulumeni, kuhlanganise ne - Orange Order, ekulolongeni ukuphila komphakathi nokuzichaza
  • Ifa lezezimboni lase-Northern Ireland kanye nokuhlangana kwalo nezomnotho zaseBrithani ezibanzi
  • Okuhlangenwe nakho kwamasosha alwela ubunye emabuthweni ahlomile aseBrithani phakathi nazo zombili izimpi zezwe nezimpi ezalandela
  • Amasiko omphakathi we - Unionism, kuhlanganise nomculo, izincwadi nemikhuba yokukhumbula

I - UUP ithi ukushiya noma ukululaza lezi zihloko kushiya abafundi bengafuni ukuliqonda kahle ifa labo siqu futhi kungaba nengxenye emqondweni wezempucuko.

Ukususwa Kwento Ebalulekile Kuyi - alsocium

I - UUP iye yazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngalokho ekubheka njengokususwa noma ukululazwa okuhleliwe okubalulekile eMbusweni woBunye. Izibonelo ezikhonjiwe yileliqembu zihlanganisa izinguquko endleleni ukubusa kombuso waseBrithani okuxoxwa ngayo, ukuncishiswa komlando womthetho - sisekelo waseBrithani, nokubekwa kwezenzakalo ezinjengeSomme okusho okuthile okubalulekile emphakathini we - Union.

Leliqembu likhathazeke kakhulu ngezinguquko zomlando ezifundweni ze-Key Stage 3 ne-GCSE. I-UUP iphikisa ngokuthi incazelo yamuva ivumela abafundi ukuba baqede imfundo yabo ephoqelelwe ngaphandle kokuthola ukuqonda okunenjongo ngomlando womthetho sisekelo wase-Northern Ireland, impucuko ye-Unistism yezombangazwe, noma isizinda sefa lezwe laseBrithani lendawo.

I - UUP iye yabangela ukukhathazeka futhi ngokufundisa ulimi lwesi - Irish namasiko.

Isu Elihlosiwe Lenhlanganisela Yenguquko

I-Ulster Unionism Party isungule izinhlelo eziningi zokuthi uhlelo lwezifundo kufanele lushintshwe kanjani ukuze lufinyelele indlela elinganiselayo nengahlangene. Lezi ziphakamiso zisebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zeqembu futhi zibonise ukubopha kwalo nabafundisi, izazimlando, nabameleli bomphakathi.

Umlando Oqinile Nolinganiselayo

Enkabeni yezihlongozo ze-UUP kudingwa ukuba kwenziwe izifundo zomlando ezibanzi ezihlanganisa indaba egcwele yasenyakatho Ireland ngemibono eminingi. Iqembu liphikisa ngokuthi abafundi kufanele bafunde ngalokhu:

  • Umlando wasendulo nowenkathi ephakathi we - Ulster njengesifunda esihlukile sase - Ireland
  • I-Ulster iplanga le-oyile kanye nethonya layo ekwakhekeni kwenani labantu bale ndawo namasiko ayo
  • Ukuvela kobu - Unionism njengomzabalazo wezombangazwe osabela ekubuseni Kwasekhaya nasekubuseni kwesizwe sase - Ireland
  • Ukuhlukaniswa kwe - Ireland nokumiswa kweNyakatho Ireland
  • Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezinhlangano zezombangazwe zase-Northern Ireland kusukela ngo-1921 kuya ku-1921
  • Umzabalazo wamalungelo abantu, ukugqashuka kweZinkathazo, nenqubo yokuthula
  • Ukumiswa kweSivumelwano Esihle NgoLwesihlanu nezenzakalo zezombangazwe ezalandela

I-UUP igcizelela ukuthi ngayinye yalezi zihloko kufanele ifundiswe ngendlela enikeza imibono eminingi futhi ikhuthaze abafundi ukuba bahlolisise ubufakazi. Iqembu liphikisa noma iyiphi indlela enikeza ukulandisa okukodwa, okuhlolwa umbuso noma efuna ukuqeda impikiswano ngokukhipha izihloko ezinzima.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukuqhosha Kweqembu Nokuzichaza KwaseBrithani

I - Uup ikholelwa ukuthi izifundo kufanele zikhuthaze ukuqhosha komphakathi nomuzwa wokuba ingxenye ye - United Kingdom.

  • Amalungiselelo omthetho-sisekelo ka-UK, kuhlanganise nendima yenkosi, iPhalamende, nezinhlangano ezincishisiwe
  • Umlando nokubaluleka kwezinhlangano zaseBrithani ezinjenge - National Health Service, isimiso somthetho, namabutho ahlomile
  • Ifa lamasiko afanayo laseBritish Isles, kuhlanganise nezincwadi, isayensi, nobuciko
  • Iminikelo yaseNyakatho Ireland ekuphileni kwaseBrithani nasemikhakheni yembulunga yonke

Kunalokho, i - UP ikubona kubalulekile ukwakha umphakathi ozibandakanyayo lapho zonke izakhamuzi zizizwa ziwumuzwa wokutshala imali futhi ziwufanele.

Ukuqonda Okuphathelene Nengxoxo Nokuhlangana Kwesiphambano

I - UUP isekela ngokuqinile izinyathelo ezisiza abafundi abanezizinda zomphakathi ezihlukahlukene ukuba bahlangane ukuze bafunde futhi baxoxe. leliqembu liye laba ummeleli okhulumayo wesimiso semfundo Ehlanganyelayo, esenza izikole zamaProthestani namaKatolika zikwazi ukubambisana emakilasini nasemisebenzini ehlangene.

Nokho, i-UUP igcizelela ukuthi imfundo efanayo kumelwe isetshenziswe ngendlela eqondene neziqu ezihlukile zezikole nemiphakathi ehlanganyelayo. Iqembu liphikisa noma isiphi isibonelo esifuna ukuhlanganisa i-UP ne-Nationalism abe yi-istance eyodwa, ehloniphiswe. Kunalokho, ama-UUP asekela indlela eyenza abafundi bakwazi ukufunda futhi baqaphele ukungafani kwemiphakathi lapho bethuthukisa izindinganiso ezihlukene nenhlonipho efanayo.

Leliqembu lisekela nokufakwa kwezinhlelo ezihlelwe kahle ezifundweni ezinikeza abafundi amakhono nesibindi sokuxoxa ngezinto eziphikisanayo ngendlela eyakhayo.

Ukusabela Kwezombangazwe Nomphakathi Esikhundleni Sika-UP

Ukuma kweUUP parameter yenguquko yezifundo kuye kwabangela uhide lwezimpendulo zamanye amaqembu ezombangazwe, othisha, namaqembu omphakathi. I-Democratic Union (Dupu) ivame ukusekela ukukhathazeka kwe-UP, nakuba i-Dup ngezinye izikhathi iye yathatha iphimbo lokuphikisana ekugxekeni kwayo izinguquko.

Iqembu lesizwe neRepublican, kuhlanganise neSinn Féin neSocial Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), liye lanikeza ukusabela okwengeziwe okufanelekayo. Nakuba livuma ilungelo lika-UP lokusekela imibono yoBunye, liphikisa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezifundo kumelwe futhi lumelele ngokwaneleyo ukumelelwa kwe-Ireland nempucuko. Abanye abameleli besizwe baye bazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi izihlongozo ze-UUP zingaholela emfundisweni enelungelo lokuba iBrithani imelele i-Irish.

Othisha nochwepheshe bezemfundo baye banikeza imibono ehlukahlukene. Abanye basekela isicelo sezifundo zeUP ezilinganiselwe kakhulu nezibanzi, bephikisa ngokuthi indlela yamanje inikeze ukunakekela okunganele ngempela emibonweni ye-Unic. Abanye baxwayisa ngokuthi izihlongozo zeUP zifaka izingozi eziphazamisa izifundo zemfundo futhi zenza kube nzima kakhulu ukufundisa izindaba eziphikiswayo ngendlela engathathi hlangothi, esekelwe ebufakazini.

Amaqembu omphakathi nezinhlangano zomphakathi nawo aye ahlanganyela kulempikiswano. Ezinye izinhlangano zempucuko ze-UP ziye zasisekela ngokuqinile isikhundla se-UP, zibheka njengesibalulekile ekuvikeleni ifa lazo. Izinhlangano zobumbano ngokuvamile ziye zasamukela isibopho sika-UP sokuxoxa nemfundo eyodwa, kuyilapho zikhuthaza iqembu ukuba liqhubeke lihlanganyela ngokwakhayo ne-Nationalism neRepublicaan.

Ukuqhathaniswa Neminye Imikhosi Yezombangazwe

Isikhundla sika-UUP ngoshintsho lwezifundo singaba wusizo uma siqhathaniswa nohambo lweminye imiba evelele eNyakatho Ireland.

I- i-DAmocratic Union Party (Dup) iye yathatha isimo esiqinile nesiphikisayo, iphikisa ngokuthi izinguquko zamanje zimelela usongo oluqondile ku-Union. i-Dup ibizimisele kakhulu kune-UP ukuveza izinguquko njengengxenye yohlelo lwesizwe olubanzi lokululazabalaza isikhundla somthetho-mthetho-sisekelo sase-Northern Ireland. Nakuba i-UUP inezinto eziningi ezikhathazayo ze-Dup, iye yamukela umsindo owengeziwe futhi iye yafuna ukuzihlanganisa nenqubo yokwakha inguquko kunokuba iphikisane.

USinn Féin usekele indlela ebanzi yezinguquko zemfundo, uveza ukuthi zidingekile ukuze zakhe isimiso semfundo esihlanganisayo nesanamuhla. Iqembu liye lagcizelela ukubaluleka kolimi lwase-Ireland namasiko phakathi kwezifundo zezifundo futhi liye lafuna ukunakekela okukhulu emlandweni we-Irish republicism kanye nokulwela ukuzibusa. USin Féin uye wagxeka lokho elikubheka njengesivikelo sombuso we-UUUP sobust, okuyilungelo le-British eliyikhonziwa ngentensiwa yolwazi lwe-Ireland.

I-Sacial Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) ithathe isikhundla sepesenti, isekela isidingo senguquko kuyilapho ivuma ukukhathazeka okuphakanyiswe yi-UP kanye namanye ama-Unist. i-SDLP iye yagcizelela ukwakhiwa kwesivumelwano futhi iye yafuna ukuvala igebe phakathi kwemibono ye-Unist ne-Nationalst partics. Iqembu liye laba ummeleli onamandla wemfundo efanayo futhi liye lakhuthaza wonke amaqembu ukuba asebenze ndawonye athuthukise uhlelo lwezifundo oluhlobana i-Northern Ireland.

I- IQembu lobuxhaka-mandla [ liye lagxila ekufezekeni okusebenzayo kokuguqula uhlelo, ligcizelela isidingo sobufakazi bokwenza izinqumo nemithombo eyanele yezikole. Iqembu alizange lihileleke kakhulu ekuhlelekeni kwezempucuko nangokobuphini bengxoxo, likhetha ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthuthuka kwamakhono, ukucabanga okuhluzekile, nokulungiselela umnotho wembulunga yonke.

Ukugcwalisa Izinselele Neziyalezo Zesikhathi Esizayo

Ukusebenzisa indlela ehlongozwayo yenguquko yezifundo ze-UUP kungabhekana nezinselele eziningi ezinkulu. Imiphumela yemitapo ikhulu: ukwakha izinto ezintsha zokufundisa, othisha, nokusekela izikole zokunikeza izifundo ezibanzi kungadinga ukutshala imali eningi. Ngenxa yokucindezela kwamanje kwemali yemfundo yase-Northern Ireland, akucacile ukuthi izimali ezidingekayo zingatholakala yini.

Ukwakha ukuvumelana kwezombangazwe ezingxenyeni zezifundo kungenye inselele enkulu. Ukuhlukana okukhulu phakathi kwe-Unist ne-Nationalism kusho ukuthi ukuvumelana ngendlela yokufundisa izihloko eziphikiswanayo kuzoba nzima ukuzifinyelela. Ukuphikelela kuka-UUP ekumeleni okulinganiselwe kungaba nzima ukuvumelana nemfuno ye-Socialst yezifundo ezithuthukisa kakhulu ubuzwe nempucuko yase-Ireland.

Izinselele eziwusizo zokufundisa eziphikiswayo ngendlela elinganiselwe akufanele zithathwe kalula. Othisha badinga kokubili ulwazi lwezifundo namakhono olwazi oluqinile ukuze basingathe izinto ngendlela ephumelelayo. Othisha abaningi abaqiniseki ekufundiseni izindaba ezingokomlando eziphikisanayo, futhi ukunikeza intuthuko edingekile yochwepheshe kungaba umzamo wesikhathi eside.

Uma ubheka phambili, i-UUP iye yabonisa ukuzimisela kwayo ukuqhubeka ihlanganyela ngokwakhayo nenqubo yokuguqula kuyilapho ilondoloza ukuma kwayo okunezimiso ngokubaluleka kobunye obuyi-Unist. Leliqembu liye lacela inqubo yokuhlola okuhlanganisayo enikeza amandla amakhulu ezwini le-Union kanye nokumiswa kweqembu elisebenza ngeqembu elihamba esiphambanweni ukuba livumelane ngendlela eqhubekela phambili.

I - UUP iye yagcizelela futhi ukubaluleka kokuhlola nokuhlola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinguquko zezifundo zifeza imiphumela yazo ezihloselwe. Leliqembu liye lafuna ukuba kuhlolwe njalo ukuthi uhlelo lwezifundo lusetshenziswa kanjani futhi kusetshenziswe izinqubo zokuxazulula noma yikuphi ukungalingani noma izinkinga ezivelayo.

Isiphetho: Imfundo Njengesisekelo Sekusasa Elihlangene

Isikhundla se-Ulster Unionist Party yemfundo yeNyakatho Ireland esisezingeni lokuguqula izifundo sibonisa isibopho esijulile sokwakha umphakathi ohlonipha ukwahlukahlukahluka kuyilapho ulondoloza umuzwa onamandla wokuzichaza. Ukugcizelela kweqembu ekulinganiseni, ukunemba, nokuqondana kunikeza uhlelo oluhle lokuqondisa indawo yemfundo eyinkimbinkimbi emphakathini ohlukene.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimo sika-UUP siqokomisa ukukhathazeka kwangempela emphakathini we-UP ngokuphathelene nokubekwa kwezempucuko namathuba okuguqula imfundo ukuze kunciphe kunokuba kuqinise ukubambisana komphakathi. Lokhu kukhathazeka kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína yibo bonke abahilelekile kule nqubo yenguquko.

Inselele ebhekene ne-Northern Ireland ukusungula uhlelo lwezifundo olusiza bonke abafundi ukuba baqonde futhi bazise ifa labo kuyilapho futhi behlakulela inhlonipho ngefa labanye. Lokhu kudinga izingxoxo ezinzima nokuhlehla kwangempela. Ukuzimisela kuka-UP ukuhlanganyela kulezingxoxo, kuyilapho egcina izimiso eziyisisekelo, kunikeza iqhaza elakhayo kulokho okuyoba inqubo ende neyinkimbinkimbi.

Njengoba i-Northern Ireland iqhubeka nohambo lwayo ukusuka empikiswaneni ukuya ekubuyisaneni, imfundo ifeza indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni isimo sengqondo nezindinganiso zezizukulwane ezizayo. Umbono we-Ulster Union Union Party ombono weqembu elilinganiselwe, elihlanganisayo, nelihloniphekile unikeza iphuzu elibalulekile kulomsebenzi obalulekile. Ukuthi lowombono ungatholakala noma ungaxhomeka ekuzimiseleni kwawo wonke amaqembu ukulalela, ukuhlehlisa, nokubeka izithakazelo zentsha nomphakathi ogcwele phambili kwenzuzo elinganiselwe yezombangazwe.

Ukuze kufundwe ngokwengeziwe ngemfundo ye-palpix yase-Northern Ireland kanye nezimpikiswano zenguquko zezifundo, ISikhundla semfundo yase-Northern Ireland sinikeza izincwadi ezingokomthetho zezimiso kanye nemisebenzi yokuhlola. ISiphakamiso se-Ulsterist Union soMpartment's Party [[ inikeza amaphepha emfundo namazwi emfuno yezemfundo nezinye izinhlangano. [[FLT:] BC] noNortic stal ihlanganisa izimpikiswano eziqhubekayo zezombangazwe ngohlelo lwezenguquko, kuyilapho Communitions Convitions [FLD:7] inikeza futhi inikeza imithombo yezemfundo kanye nokuhlola i-exbugnome-butment.