Kuyi-demokrase eyinxusa, ibhokisi le-collet lisebenza njengomsizi omkhulu, linikeza isakhamuzi ngasinye esifanelekayo izwi ekulolongeni uhulumeni waso nomphakathi. Uma sihlangene nezigidi zabanye, sinquma ukuqondiswa kwezimiso zendawo, umholi wesizwe, kanye nayo kanye imithetho elawula ukuphila kwansuku zonke. Nokho, indlela yokuvota ihlanganisa uchungechunge lwezinyathelo ezibucayi, kusukela ekubhalisweni kokuqala ukuboniswa ekuhlolweni noma ekuthunyelweni. Lesiqondiso esibanzi sinikeza i-mephu yomgwaqo wazo zonke izigaba, ukuhlanganisa inqubo yokuvota, izindlela zokubhalisa, izindlela zokhetho, izinqubo zokuvota, zokuvota, nokuhlala ungena ezinkonzwenisweni, abazolwazi esimisweni sentando yentando yeningi.

Isisekelo Sokwazisa: Ukuphumelela Nokulungiselela

Ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe ifomu elilodwa lokuvota, isakhamuzi kumelwe siqinisekise ukuthi sihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezingokomthetho zokuvota nokubhalisa ngokufanelekile.

Ubudala, Ukuba Izakhamuzi, Nezimfuneko Zokuvunyelwa

Izidingo eziyisisekelo kakhulu zokuvota e-United States zisekelwe emthethweni kahulumeni. Umuntu kumelwe abe isakhamuzi sase-United States futhi okungenani abe neminyaka engu-18 ubudala ngosuku noma ngaphambi kokhetho oluvamile. Izizwe eziningi zivumela abantu abaneminyaka engu 16 noma engu-17 ukuba babhalise ngaphambi kokuba bavote, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bangeniswa ngokuzenzekelayo eziqepheni lapho sebefinyelele iminyaka engu-18; ukuvota kumelwe kube yisinye imfuneko esiyinhloko; uvota kumelwe ube izakhamuzi zezwe nesifunda esithile noma isifunda esithile lapho behlose ukuvota khona. Isilinganiso sezimfuneko zokuhlala siyahluka, kodwa iNkampathi Ephakeme inqume isilinganiso salezizikhathi zokulinda. Abantu abahlala bengenamakhaya, izigodlo eziningi zivumela ukubhaliswa ngokusebenzisa ikheli eliyikhodi, igumbi, noma incazelo yendawo ethile.

Ukuqonda Ukudideka Okuyimfihlakalo

Imithetho ephathelene namalungelo okuvota kubantu abanezinkolelo ezivunayo iphakathi kweminingi eyinkimbinkimbi nehlukahluka kakhulu ezweni. Ukungavumelani nemithetho yokuvota kungasusa amalungelo ngokungenasiphelo, kuyilapho eminye iwabuyisela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kokuqedwa komusho, kuhlanganise nokukhishwa kwesigwebo. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izifundazwe ezinjengoMaine noVermont zivumela abantu ukuba bavote lapho beboshiwe, kuyilapho ezinye zifuna inqubo engokomthetho yokubuyisela amalungelo. Kubalulekile kubantu abaye bahileleka esimisweni sobulungisa ukuhlola imithetho yabo eqondile, njengoba lemithetho ingashintsha njalo ngomthetho noma ngezenzo zombatha. Njengenhlangano e [FLT:] Brenat Center yeSikhungo seJaji ye-FFOLT[F:1]

Izingxenyana Eziwukufa Kokubhalisa

Uhulumeni ngamunye umisa imithetho eqondile eqinisekisiwe efuna isakhamuzi ukuba sibhaliswe ukuze sivote kukhetho oluzayo. Lezinsuku ezimisiwe zisukela ezinsukwini eziyishumi kuya kwezingu-30 ngaphambi kokhetho. Ezinye izifundazwe zinikeza i-Evotion Day Evotion Exparency, ivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibhalise futhi zivote kanyekanye. Ukungaqiniseki isikhathi sokubhalisa kungesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu ezihoxa abavoti abafanelekayo baholwayo ekuvotelweni. U-Savvyvotay kufanele aphawule lezi zinsuku emasontweni abo amancane ngaphambi kokuba kukhethwe, ngokuvamile ngemva kokuba kuphelwe ukhetho oluyinhloko.

Inqubo Yokubhalisa Ngezindwangu

Uma nje isiqinisekiso siqinisekisiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqeda inqubo yokubhalisa. Ngenxa ye-National Voter Brigiodio Act (NVRA) Amathuba okubhalisa atholakala kabanzi ngo 1993.

Ukubhalisa ngolayini

Njengasemjikelezweni wokhetho wamanje, izifunda-ma-41 kanye ne-Dries of Columbia zinikeza ukubhalisa okulondekile kuyi-internet yovota. Lena indlela esheshayo nengcono kakhulu. Lenqubo idinga ilayisense yomshayeli kahulumeni noma ikhadi lokuchaza, ivumela isimiso ukuba sithathe isigqebhezana sakho samanani. Amatheku ngokuvamile alawulwa nguNobhala wezwe wezwe noma isigaba sokhetho. Ama-Westers afana . org anikeza amanyunyana aqondile ezikhulu ze-state futhi angalula inqubo yokuthola umsebenzi wakho okhethekile.

Ukubhalisa Iposi ngaphakathi naPhansi

I-National Voter Brigionation Act ifuna ukuba amazwe abhalise amavoti emahhovisi emvumela abashayeli, amanxusa omphakathi, nezikhungo zokugunyaza uhulumeni. Le simiso se-"Motor Voter" siqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi zinethuba lokubhalisa lapho zisebenza nezinkonzo zikahulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafomu okubhalisa abhaliwe akhona kuyi-ingosi ku-U.S. i-Ecommon Confict Confict Commission. Lezi zingathunyelwa ehhovisi lakho lokhetho lendawo. Kubhalisa kuhlala kusehosheni lokhetho, futhi phakathi nezikhathi ezimisiwe, emitatsheni yezincwadi noma emiphakathini yomphakathi. Uma kuthunyelwa ifomu, kuhlakaniphile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-posi likhona kahle ngaphambi komthetho wokubhalisa.

Ukuhlola Isimo Sakho Sokubhaliswa

Ugibe oluvamile kubasusi abavamile noma ababhalisayo besikhathi sokuqala luthi ukubhalisa kwadlula ngempumelelo. Umkhuba ongcono ukuqinisekisa ukubhalisa kwakho emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho. USUSA.gov[ unikeza indawo yesango yesizwe yokuhlola isimo sakho, nakuba kungenzeka ukuba uphinde uthunyelwe kuwebhusayithi yakho yokukhetha esemthethweni yombuso. Qinisekisa ukuthi igama lakho, ikheli, kanye nobudlelwane beqembu (uma lisebenza) kulungile. Lenyathelo elilula livimbela izimangaliso zokugcina zemine yohlelo lwe-Eunition.

Ukuvuselela Ukubhalisa Kwakho

Ukubhalisa akuwona umsebenzi wesikhathi esisodwa. Kumelwe kugcinwe isikhathi. Uma uthuthela ekhelini elisha esimweni esifanayo, kumele uphinde ubhalise noma uhlaziye ukubhalisa kwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi wabelwe indawo yokuvota nevoloti eyiyo. Ngokufanayo, ukushintsha igama lakho ngomshado noma ngesenzo esingokomthetho kudinga ukuvuselelwa. Ukwehluleka ukuhlaziya lokhu kwaziswa kungaphumela ekutheni ufakeni ibhola le-etalog, okungase kubalwe noma kungabilwa kuye ngemithetho yendawo.

Ukuqonda Ukubukeka Okuhle

Isimiso sokukhetha saseMelika sihilela ukubusa okuhlukahlukene, ngasinye sinezinqubo nokubaluleka okuhlukile.

Ukukhetha Okuyinhloko

Ovota bangama-partimethi ayizigaba lapho abavoti bekhetha khona ukuthi iliphi iqembu labo elizokhetha i-commineos ekukhetheni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezimiso eziyinhloko. Ezingeni elivalekile, abavoti kuphela ababhaliswayo neqembu elithile abangavota entweni eyinhloko. Ezindaweni ezivulekileyo, abavoti bangakhetha ukuthi yimaphi amaqembu ayinhloko okuhlanganyela kuwo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiliphi iqembu labo. Ama-printo avalayo avumela ukuba akhethe iqembu elikhulu. Ukuqonda isimiso sombuso wakho esiyinhloko kubalulekile ekutheni abafuni bama-dirla eqenjini abamele izigaba ezinkulu.

Ukukhetha Okuvamile Nokukhethekile

Okhetho oluvamile yizenzakalo eziyinhloko lapho abavoti benquma khona abawini bokugcina bamahhovisi kusukela kuMongameli kuya kumkhandlu wedolobha. Kuthathwa ukhetho olukhethekile ukuze kugcwaliswe izikhala ezenzeka phakathi kokhetho oluhleliwe. Nakuba ovoti abavamile bebona ivoti ephakeme kakhulu, ngokuvamile kunqunywa ngokhetho olukhethekile oluncane kakhulu, olunikezelwe kakhulu, lwenza ukuba amavoti anye abe namandla ngokwesilinganiso.

Amahhovisi Asendaweni Nezinyathelo Zebhola

Ngaphandle kwemijaho kahulumeni neyaziwa kakhulu, ama-collet avame ukugcwala imincintiswano yendawo yamabhodi esikole, imikhandlu yedolobha, amakhomishane esifunda, amajaji esifunda, namajaji. La mahhovisi endawo anethonya eliqondile nelibonakalayo ekulondekeni komphakathi, imfundo, nesisekelo sezezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe amaningi nezindawo zihlanganisa isilinganiso noma iziphakamiso, okuyizivoti eziqondile emithethweni ethile noma ekuncishisweni komthetho-mthetho-mthetho. Lawa angahlanganisa izihloko ezinjengenkampatho yentela, ukukhishwa kwensangu, noma amalungelo okukhishwa kwezisu. UVoter u-reout avame ukuthatha ukhetho endaweni engaphansi kwe-20%, okusho ukuthi iqembu elincane, inqubo yomphakathi enikezwa ulwazi oluphawulekayo.

Ukuphonsa Ibhola Lakho: Izindlela Nezimfuneko

Namuhla abavoti banethuba eliningi kunanini ngaphambili lokubuyisela incwadi yabo eqediwe. Ukuqonda omakhenikha bendlela ngayinye kuyisihluthulelo sokubala ukuvota kwakho.

Ukukhuluma Ngomuntu Ngosuku Lokukhetha

Indlela engokwesiko ihilela ukuya endaweni yakho yokuvota ekhethiwe phakathi nosuku lokusebenza. Izindawo zokubheja zikhethwe ngekheli lakho elibhaliwe. Izindawo eziningi zinikeza amathuluzi ku-inthanethi lapho ungabheka khona indawo yakho eqondile yokuvota. I-menu kuSuku lokhetho ingaba mde, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora aphezulu kakhulu ngaphambi nangemva kosuku lomsebenzi. Ukubekezela nokufika kulungiselelwe nganoma yisiphi isici esidingekayo kungasheshisa lenqubo.

Ukusaswa Kwamanzi Kusencane

Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuminyana futhi kuvumelane nezimo, iningi lezifunda manje linikeza uhlobo oluthile lokuvota kwasekuqaleni. Lenkathi iqala emasontweni angu-1-3 ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho. Ukuvota kwakuqala kunganikeza imigqa emifushane namahora angcono kakhulu. Njengoba kungekho izimfuneko ezivamile zokuvota kwasekuqaleni zikahulumeni, kudingekile ukuhlola uhlelo lwehhovisi lokuvota lakini lakuqala nezikhathi.

Ukuthunyelwa Kweposi Nokuthunyelwa Kweposi

Ukusetshenziswa kokhetho lweposi kuye kwakhula kakhulu. Ezinye izifunda-mazwe zihlela ibhola lokhetho ngeposi, ngokuzenzakalela zithumele ivoti kunoma yimuphi umvoti obhaliwe. Ezinye izifundazwe zidinga abavoti ukuba bacele ibhola lomphathi ongekho, ngokuvamile badinge ukunikeza izaba (njengokuba ungaphandle kwedolobha ngoSuku Lokhetho noma ukukhubazeka). Inqubo ihilela ukwamukela ibhola lakho, ukulibhala ngasese, nokulibuyisela ngeposi noma ngokulibeka ebhokisini lokulahla noma ehhovisi lokhetho. Imibhenothi yebholaloti ivame ukuqhathaniswa nokusayinwa kwehele ukuze iqinise isaziso. UVoters kufanele alandele ngokucophelela yonke iziqondiso, kuhlanganise nokusayina imvilo esendaweni elungile. Izinkonzo ezikhona kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ibhola lakho zikhona futhi zamukelwa.

Imithetho Ecacile

Izimfuneko ze-ID yevoter zingenye yezindawo ezinamandla kakhulu neziphikisana kakhulu zomthetho wokhetho. Amazwe awela ezigabani ezimbili ezibanzi: eziqinile nezingezona izifundazwe. Ezizweni eziqinile, umvoti onganikezi uhlobo olusemthethweni lokuzichaza (kanjalo i-ID yesithombe) unikezwa i-parellator yomthetho futhi kumelwe athathe isinyathelo esithe qebeza phambili phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze avote. Amazwe anga-otho amukela uhlu olubanzi lwemibhalo noma avumele abavoti ukuba basayine i-ffidavit. [[FLT:] Ingqungqungquthela yesizwe ye-Leglasturess (NCFLLL) igcina ibala elibanzi, elibanzi-imephu yemithetho ye-othothi ye-ovota. Ayazi kahle ukuthi i-i-ithodi ye-octive i-totiethodi efunekayo kakhulu kwengxenye ye-yo.

Ukuba Umlenze Ongafundile

Ukuncokola akukona nje ukuveza imizwa yakho; kuphathelene nokwenza izinqumo ezifundisayo ezibonisa izindinganiso nezifiso zakho.

Ukucwaninga Izindaba Nezindaba

Ngokwanda kwemithombo yolwazi, ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa kulula futhi kunzima. Imithombo ethembekile ihlanganisa iziyalezo ezingathathi hlangothi ezikhishwa yiNhlangano yabesifazane kanye nezincwadi ze-internet njenge Baballopedia[. Le mithombo inikeza izilinganiso, izikhundla ezindabeni eziyinhloko, namarekhodi okuvota asemthethweni. Amawebhusayithi kanye nezimpikiswano zinikeza ukuqonda okuqondile emapulatifomuni azo. Kubalulekile ukufuna ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ukuze kuve umbono olinganiselayo.

Ukuqonda Ikhasi Eliyi - balcot

Ihhovisi lenu lokhetho lasendaweni lizokhipha isikhombi sokuvota amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho. Ukubukeza lencwadi kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulungisa. Kuhlela zonke izinhlanga nesilinganiso sokuvota ozovota kuso. Ngokulifunda ekhaya, ungahlola abazokwazi abambalwa, njengalabo abafuna amajaji noma ikhomishane yesifunda, ngaphandle kokucindezela komugqa ngemva kwakho. Abavoti abaningi bagcwalisa iphepha i-odot bese beliletha ekhonweni yokuhlola.

Ukulwa Nokwaziswa Okungekuhle

Ukungaqondi okunganembile ngabavoti, izindawo zokuvota, kuyinkinga engapheli. Ukuthembela emithonjeni engokomthetho kuyisivikelo esingcono kakhulu. Thola ukwaziswa kokuvota ngokuqondile ehhovisi lokhetho lombuso wakho, hhayi emilayezweni ethunyelweyo yezezindaba zomphakathi. Qaphela izihloko zezindaba ezibonakala ziklanyelwe ukuvusa ukusabela okungokomzwelo nokuqinisekisa ukwaziswa ezintathelini eziningi zezindaba ngaphambi kokuba ukwamukele njengeqiniso.

Ukunqoba Izithiyo Ezivamile Zokuhlanganyela

Inqubo yokuvota ingaletha izinselele zangempela, kodwa umthetho kahulumeni nemithombo yendawo kuhlose ukwenza wonke umuntu akwazi ukuvota.

Ukutholakala Kwezisebenzi Ezikhubazekile

I-Help America Vote Act (HAVA) ifuna ukuba indawo yonke yokuvota ibe nomshini wokuvota owodwa ofinyelelekayo. Lemishini iklanyelwe ukuhlalisa abavoti ngokukhubazeka okungokomzimba, ukukhubazeka kwamehlo, nezinye izinselele. Ukuvota nge-Curbside kungenye indlela ezibukweni obuningi, ukuvumela abavoti abanezici zokuhamba ukuba bahlale emotweni yabo kuyilapho isisebenzi sokhetho siletha kubo i-colot. Abavoter bangathintana nehhovisi labo lokhetho ukuze baqinisekise ukutholakala kwemisebenzi ethile endaweni yabo yokuvota.

Usizo Lolimi

Ingxenye 203 ye-Voting Rights Act idinga ama-gasta athile anezakhamuzi ezikhuluma isiNgisi ezivelele ezikhuluma isiNgisi ukuba zinikeze izinto zokuvota kanye nosizo ngezinye izilimi ngaphandle kwesiNgisi. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa iSpanishi, isiShayina, isiKorea, nesiVietnam, phakathi kwezinye. Izisebenzi zokuvota ziqeqeshelwa ukusiza abavoti kulezi zikhundla ezihlangene.

Izinqubo Zomsebenzi Nezokuhamba

Kwabaningi, umsebenzi wokusebenza ungqubuzana namahora okuvota. Ezinye izifundazwe zinemithetho efuna abaqashi ukuba banikeze izisebenzi isikhathi sokuvota, ngokuvamile ekuqaleni noma ekupheleni komsebenzi. Ukuvota nokuvota kwakuqala kunikeza labo abanezimiso ezingafani ukuvumelana okukhulu. Abavoti ngaphandle kokuhamba okunokwethenjelwa, ukuvota ngeposi kuqeda isidingo sokuhamba, futhi ukugibela izinkonzo ezikhokhelwayo kuvame ukunikeza ukuncintiswa kwezindawo zokuhlola ngoSuku Lokhetho.

Okwenzeka Ngemva Kokuba I - ballot Ifakwe Esigabeni

Ukuqonda uhambo lwevoti ngemva kokuba lishiye izandla zakho kwakha ukuthembela ebuqothweni besimiso.

Inqubo Yokuhamba Nezambatho Zokuvikela Isikhumba

Uma ukuvota sekuphelile, amabhola athunyelwa endaweni ephakathi ekubaleni noma ebekwe endaweni esesiteji. Imishini yokukhangisa ibala amavoloti aphawuliwe, futhi imiphumela idluliswa ehhovisi lokhetho. Undwangu luyinqubo engokomthetho yokuqinisekisa isilinganiso sovoti. Ngaphambi kokuba iziphumo zifakazelwe, izikhulu zokhetho ziqinisekisa inani lama-colot afakwayo, ingqikithi yemishini yokubhalisa, futhi zibalwe noma iziphi izinombolo ezisele zokuvota nezingekho.

Ukugunyazwa Kokhetho Nezinqumo

Isiqinisekiso siyisinyathelo sokugcina esenza imiphumela ibe yi-sobudoda. Lena inqubo yomphakathi eqhutshwa yibhodi yokhetho lendawo noma ibhodi yokuhlola. Izifundazwe eziningi manje zidinga ukuncitshiswa kwengozi ngemva kokhetho, lapho isampula engakhethiyo yezibhalo zephepha ibalwa ngezandla ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yokuvota iveza imiphumela ngokunembile. Le phepha linikeza ungqimba olubalulekile lwezokuphepha nokukhanya.

Ukuhileleka Eceleni Kwale Ndawo

Nakuba ukuvota kuyisenzo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlanganyela komphakathi, idemokrasi enempilo incike ekuthembiseni izivumelwano phakathi nonyaka. Ukuba khona emihlanganweni yehholo ledolobha lendawo, ukukhonza ehholo ledolobha, ukukhonza eqenjini labasizi abakhethiwe, ukubhala noma ukubiza abameleli bakho, ngisho nokubalekela ihhovisi lendawo kuyizindlela ezinamandla zokunikela. Ukuzinikela ngomkhuthazo wokubhalisa ongekho seqenjini noma ukukhonza njengesisebenzi sokuvota ngoSuku Lokuvota. Ngokuhlala benolwazi futhi behileleke ezinkathini phakathi nokhetho, izakhamuzi ziqinisekisa ukuthi ithonya lazo likhona kokubili ekuvotiseni noma liyaqhubeka.