Ingxenye yezempilo yaseNdiya iye yashintsha kakhulu phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, futhi umshayeli ophawulekayo walolushintsho uye waba uchungechunge lwezinguquko zentela ezasungulwa uhulumeni. Lenkambiso ishintsha, kusukela ku-Faces neNkonzo yezezimali (GST) ukuze ibukeze imiphumela yeholo lomuntu siqu yentela yentela nezicelo zezentela zenkampani, iye yashintsha indlela engokongokonganyelwa ngayo imali, ihliswa, futhi yaqedwa. Nakuba izinhloso eziyinhloko zalezinguquko zaziwenza lula intela, zandisa isisekelo sentela, futhi zandisa ukukhula kwezomnotho, imiphumela yazo ekhokhelwayo ekwakheni kwezempilo, iziguli, iziguli, nezingeniselwanosheshi zemali, nezemali ezintshoni eziphambili. Ukuqonda lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabangenisi bezezezempilweni yeze-India.

Ukuziphendukela Kwezinguquko Zentela ENdiya Nokuzimela Kwazo Empilweni

Izakhiwo zentela zase-Indiya ziye zashintsha kusukela ngo-2017 ngokukhishwa kwe-GST, ukukhokha intela esekelwe endaweni eyayakhela intela ebanzi ephakathi neyamazwe. Intela yezempilo, eyayisekwe yande kakhulu kakade encipheni yezindleko zentela, i-GST isungula kokubili ukucaca nokuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokulandelana kwayo, izimali zemali ezilandelanayo ziye zanciphisa inzuzo yentela yemali eholelwayo ukuze ikhuthaze ukukhokha umshuwalelisa nokulondolozwa kwemali yezempilo. Izintela zezentengobo zantengo zanciswa ukusuka ku-30% kuya ku-2% wezimpompompompo ezimpondweni ezikhona kuya kwezingu-15% ekutholeni izikhungo ezikhona, inikeza isilinganiso esiphezulu sezindawo zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezintsha, izitshalo, izitshalo, imishini yokwelapha, nezisetshenziswa ngokwezimboni zezezo zokwelapha. Lezi zingenze ingxenye yeze zezentengozo zeze yezentengo ezomnotho ezikhuselwa kakhulu ezindaweni zezentengweni zezentengo ezindaweni zezentente, lapho kusungulwe izinqu

Izinkonzo Zentela Nezosizo

I-GST simende inikeza izinkonzo zokunakekela impilo ngokwehlukile kwezezentengo ezingokomzimba. Nakuba izinkonzo zokunakekela impilo ezinikezwa izibhedlela, imithola-khaya, kanye nezikhungo zokuxilonga zisekhona eGST (i.e., azinakukhokha intela eGST ezikweletini zabo), lokhu kubangela ukukhubazeka okusha okubangelwa izindleko zokusebenza. Ngenxa yokuthi izibhedlela azikwazi ukuthenga intela ekhokhwani ezithengwayo ezisemthola iGST (impatho, imishini yezokwelapha, i-ascioceds, i-aced project, i-acedsssssss, i-acet progrees, i-GST, i-GST, futhi intela idla imali encike kakhulu encikelwe yi-GS, futhi incikelwe kakhulu yizi yeze yezemfutho yeze yeze yezezezemfutho yemithi, futhi i-Gast inshologov. I-GS. Imithi idla idla idla i-i ye

Ukukhokhela Intela Yomshuwalense Wezempilo Nezindleko Zezokwelapha

Kulendawo engaphambili yentela, iSigaba 80D se-Income Taxis Act sivumela abantu ukuba bathenge imali encishisiwe ukuze bakhokhelwe umshuwalense wempilo, abashade nabo, abantwana, nabazali. Isilinganiso sesilinganiso singu-3325 000 kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-60 nangu-7650 000 kubantu abakhulile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-estudies evikela impilo elinganiselwe elinganiselwe ukuze ikwazi ukulinganisela imali emalini elinganiselwa ku-255 000 engxenyeni ye-80 000 yengxenye yonke ye-R62. Leli lungiselelo liye laba usizo ekungeniseni okukhula kwezempilo kwabantu abangaphansi kwesilinganiso se-6% yabangu-2023, nakuba isancipheka ngaphansi kwezindinganiso zembulunga yonke. Intela ekhokhelwayo inzuzo yezempilo encintiswayo enciphekayo empondweni yezentengolweni engaphansi kwengxenyeni ye-80 yentela ngaphansi kwe-80. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso semali esinikezwa abantu abadala kakhulu ngenxa yemishuwayo emisha emisha emposo emisha noma inzuzo yezokwelapha ngenxa yemidala.

Imithetho Yentela Neyokunakekela Impilo

Ukwehla kwentela yenkampani esebenzela intela ephansi kuya ku 22% ezinkampanini ezikhona kanye nengu-15% ezinkampanini ezintsha ezikhiqizayo ezingaphansi kwezimo ezithile, kuye kwanikeza izibhedlela ezintsha, imishini yokukhiqiza imithi, nemishini yezokwelapha manje kungazisiza ekusebenziseni intela ephansi, ukuthuthukisa ukubuyela kwemisebenzi yezentengo nokukhuthaza imisebenzi eluhlaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaholide entela eqalayo ngaphansi kwesigaba esisha (kuhlanganise nemisebenzi yempilo yezempilo) kanye nenani eliphezulu lemali yezezezimali ezimbonini eziphambili zezezezimali. Izindawo zokusebenza izakhiwo zezezokwelapha nemishini manje zingasiza izimali eziphambili ezisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Nokho, ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo zesibhedlela ezisezikhungweni zedolobha ezingaphezulu kwezingu-Greainsterest - 22 zezentengiselwayo noma ukukhushulwa kwezentengo yobuchwepheshe obuphakeme kakhulu. Kodwa, intela ezindaweni eziphambili kakhulu ezisemkhandlekile kunakho kakhulu, kodwa intela ezindaweni ezingcono kakhulu, kodwa inzuzo enkulu kakhulu, inzuzo yezena ezindaweni zezena ezindaweni

Ithonya Kwabapha Asebenakekela Impilo: Amathuba Nemithwalo Yokubambisana

Abanakekela impilo eNdiya basukela emaketangani amakhulu esibhedlela enkampani kuya emitholampilo ephethe umnikazi oyedwa, kusukela kumaketanga amazwe ngamazwe okuxilonga kuya ezikhungweni zezempilo ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Izinguquko zentela ziye zathinta inxenye ngayinye ngokungafani, zidala kokubili i-sssping kanye ne-head dislor.

Amakhambi Amakhulu Esibhedlela Nezinhlayiya Ze - Internet Zokuxilonga

Kubadlali abakhulu njengo-Apollo, u-Fortial, uManipal, noMax, ukushintshela eGST kwathola imali futhi kwanciphisa imiphumela enyukayo yezintela eziningi (i-RAT, intela yomsebenzi, intela ephakathi, njll.). Nokho, ukungakwazi ukukhokha intela ekhokhwayo ezinkonzoni zasesibhedlela (ngoba zikhululiwe) ngoba i-GST ihlala ikhona njengezindleko. Ukunciphisa lentela, izibhedlela eziningi ziye zahlela imisebenzi yazo ngokuhlukanisa intela nokukhulula intela. Intela engcono, ingahlela izinhlangano ezihlukene zokuthengisa intela (ezikhokhelwa intela) nezinkonzo zokuhlola intela (ezingase zikhokhwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile) ukuze zikhokhele izikwe. Ukukhokhiswa kwentela okuyinkimbinkimbi kudinga ukukhokhwakhwazwa kwezelelwa kwentela nokukhubazeka kwezentengosi ezindaweni eziphambili, ukunyuswa kwezentengongosi yentela ezindaweni eziphambili zezentengosi ezindaweni zezente kakhulu zezentengizimu. Intela enziwa kakhulu intela ezindaweni zeze intela enziwa kakhulu.

Abaphangi Bempilo Abancane Nabaphakathi

Isidingo sokubhala ama-GST ebuya (futhi uma ithengiselwa) futhi igcina imininingwane eminingi yentela yokukhokha ingekho emibhedeni, imitholampilo, kanye nezindlela zodokotela ababodwa zithole ukuthobelana kakhulu. Amahlelo amaningi asebenza emaceleni amancane nasemaceleni amancane futhi angenakhokha intela. Isidingo sokufaka iGST siphinde sibuye (uma kuthengise) futhi igcine amarekhodi amaningi entengo yokukhokha intela ekhokhiswayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntula kokucaca ukuthi izinkonzo ezithile (njengendlela yokuhlola okwenziwa umya-misebe) kukhulu noma ihoxisiwe kakade kuhoxisiwe izimpikiswano noma ukukhokhwa kwentela. I-GST Council izama ukwenza lula ngokukhubazeka ngokuncishwa kweGST ukuze ikhokhe i-land R10%, ngaphandle kwenkokhelo encike kakhulu, izindleko eziphuthumayo ezinswe kakhulu zezimalini eziningi ezitholakalayo ezisemfaza kakhulu (impaza izinkonzo ezincane), kodwa izinkonzo zesibhedlela kakade, i-GSTol 10 zezezezene, inombolo yemali e

Abenzi Bemithi Nemishini Yezokwelapha

Imboni yemithi, elawulwa abenzi bemithi abavamile, yabhekana nezinguquko ezixubile ezibangelwa yizinguquko zentela. Amazinga eGST emithi eminingi agcinwa engamaphesenti angu-5, aphansi kunomthwalo wentela osebenza ngokungeyikho wabangaqondile wabangama-8-10% (kuhlanganise i-VAT nexicise). Lokhu kwanciphisa izindleko zentela zemithi, okusiza kokubili izinkampani nabathengisi. Nokho, ukufakwa kwentela yokuthenga intela kungcono (ikakhulu kubenzi bezinto ezikhiqiza intengosi yentelezi zemali (njengemijongosi) noma ukuthunyelwa kwemishini esebenzayo esebenzela izimoto ezisebenzayo. Izinhlangano eziningi zabika ukuthi zibambe izindleko ze - I - IC, kuholela ezingxoweni zokukhokhela. Izingcingo zezentengoso yokwelapha ezinciphekayo ezincishiswe kakhulu. Kodwa imishini yezokwelapha iyanda kakhulu (iMelika ephambili) emikhisweni yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo enyuka. Kodwa imfuko yeminye yeminye yemivu e

Imiphumela Ezigulini Nemiphumela Yempilo Yomphakathi

Ekugcineni, impumelelo yanoma iluphi ushintsho lwentela ilinganiswa ngemiphumela yayo kumphathi wentela. Ukushintsha kwethonya lentela, ukutholakala, kanye nokuziphatha okufuna impilo emaqenjini ezenhlalo nezomnotho.

Izindleko Zemithi Nemishini Yezokwelapha

Ukwehla kwezentengo ezisemgangathweni wemithi ejwayelekile (kusukela emazingeni angaphambi kweGST) kuye kwanezela ekuzinzeni noma ekuncipheni kwentengo yemithi eminingi edingekayo. Nokho, imithi esindisa ukuphila ngenxa yezimo ezingapheli ezinjengomdlavuza, isifo sikashukela, nezifo zenhliziyo nezifo zegazi kusabhekene ne-GST nge 5-12%, futhi iziguli ezinezindleko eziphakeme zezidakamizwa zizwa ukuthi ziyancipha. I-National Phravicical Pricity Authority (NPA) iyaqhubeka incipha intengo yemithi ebalulekile, kodwa intela yenezela intengo yokugcina intengo yesitolo. Imishini yezokwelapha, isilinganiso se-GST 12% nge-sentes ne-18% yemin esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezisetshenziswa emhlazansi nangezini ezimpondweni ezingaphezulu kakhulu ze-onqandayo, kodwa izindleko zikahulumeni zincishisiwe kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zemali ezingaphezulu kakhulu kwezemisebe eliphansi kakhulu, kodwa ezitholakalayo ezimpompolweni ezingcono kakhulu ngenxa yemisweni zezentensi yemindezominde

Ukungena Komshuwalense Wezempilo Nokunakekelwa Okuvimbelayo

Intela encishisiwe yentela yomshuwalense wezempilo iye yaba umshayeli oyinhloko wokwanda komshuwalense wezempilo eNdiya. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, inani lemishuwalense yezempilo liye ladala isiphithiphithi esiphindaphindwe kathathu: abantu abaningi abakhethe intela yombuso omusha balahlekelwa yintengo, okungaba ukudilizwa kokuthenga umshuwalense. Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhathalela ngenxa yokungakhokhi imali ekhukhweni kwezelelwe intela ephelele (ayimali engaphezulu kwezigidi ezingu-60% zemali echithwayo) eNdiya ngonyaka ngamunye. Ukuvimbela ukuntetheleka kwentela okusha kwentela okungangokwayo kubangelwa ukuncishiswa kwentela okusha: abantu abaningi abakhetha intela entsha, okungancishisiwe ngokuphelele, kodwa okuyinto ekhathaza ukuthengwa kwentela yezentengo yomphakathi, futhi kuncishiswe intela engcono kakhulu, futhi kuncishiswe intela engathi intela eyanda kakhulu.

Igebe Lezakhiwo Nokutholakala Kwasemaphandleni

Izisusa zentela zokumisa izibhedlela ezindaweni ezigciniwe . njengezincono ngaphansi kwe-Fort 35AC (manje ethathelwe indawo) noma izinzuzo eziqondile zezindawo zenza impumelelo elinganiselwe. Izibhedlela eziningi zenkampani ziyaqhubeka zihlangana emadolobheni amakhulu nasemaqophelweni angu-1 lapho umkhokhi ugcwele khona ingxube emali nemfuno ephakeme. Imali ye-Aysushman Man Pradat Mantri Yambri Yahoya Yajana (Aroya''' (AB-PJAYA), nakuba zinganciphiswa intela, inikeza imfuno yesidingo sezempilo kubantu abampofu nabasengozini abayizigidi ezingu- 500. Icebo lokukhokhela intela livela emaphakathini futhi lingena ezikhungweni zezentengo yombuso ezimpoqo, kodwa lithembele ezibhexweni ezithelweni ezizimele ekunakekeleni kweminyango ezingoko ezokwelapha ezingoko ngokwezimali (intela ezisezindaweni eziphansi zezezezezezezezezezezezezentengongongonkulu) ezikhundle (iiiiinkulu zeze intelayo

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo Nezituso Zomthetho Wentela Ekwelapheni

Njengoba i-Indiya ihlose ukufinyelela inzuzo yempilo yonke futhi yandise ukuchithwa kwempilo kube amaphesenti angu-2,5 eGDP kusukela ku-01.2% yamanje, izinguquko zentela zizoba nendima eqhubekayo ephambili. Izindawo eziningana zifuna ukunakekelwa abenzi bemithetho nababambi bemboni.

Ukubekwa Kwamacala Nokukhishwa Kwegazi Intela Eyintela Enakekela Impilo

Isicelo esibaluleke kakhulu esivela emkhakheni wezempilo ukubuyiselwa kwentela efakiwe ezinkokhelweni zokwelapha. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokwenza izinkonzo zezokwelapha zikhokhelwe ngesilinganiso esibizwa ngokuthi (kuthi 5%) zinezinga eligcwele i-ITC, noma ngokwenza uhlelo oluhlukile lokungadingi izikweleti ezivumela izimpahla eziyinhloko. Zombili izikweletu ezihlukene zikhona zidingiwe emihlanganweni ye-GST Council kodwa zibhekene nezithiyo zezezombangazwe nezokuphatha. Ukunikezwa kwezinkonzo zokukhokha iziguli ezinqikaza ukukhokha (ukuzelela ukunqwabelana kwemali engokwezimali), ikhambi le-trakismsmza ingaqhubeka inzuzo yezentengozo yezelo (njengezentengosi) yezezokuthumela imali engokwempilo, yenza ukuba i-ITC ingasebenzi intela.

Umklamo Womuntu Siqu Wentela Yokusindisa Impilo

Ukukhuthaza ukufinyelelwa kwemishuwalense yempilo ephakeme kanye nokulondoloza imali egciniwe yezindawo zokwelapha eziphuthumayo, uhulumeni angacabangela ukunyusela isilinganiso se-80D, ikakhulukazi emikhayeni enabantwana, futhi akhiphe imingcele ehlukene ye-checks-sequect. Ukungenisa i-akhawunti yempilo egciniwe (i-HS eU) neminikelo yentela engenantela kanye nokuhoxa kwezindleko zezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbuso omusha wentela kufanele uhlanganise ukuncishiswa kwezempilo okuyisisekelo ukuze uvimbele ukuncipha kwemali emaliniwa yi-mshuwashiniwa emisha. Izinguquko ezilula ezifana nokwenza iminikelo yempilo yomshuwalense ededctieveze ngisho nangaphansi kombuso omusha (ngezona zezakhamuzi ezinkulu) zingazuza kakhulu.

Intela Nezikhungo Zokucwaninga Nezokulungisa

Izindawo zemithi nebhayoloji zaseNdiya zichuma kakhulu ekutholeni izithakazelo ezintsha, kodwa izisusa zentela ze-R&D ziye zancishiswa eminyakeni eminingi (isilinganiso esincishisiwe esingaphansi kwe-Foctal 35(2AB) sancishiswa kusuka ku 200% kuya ku-50% futhi sabe sesihlelwa ngenjongo eziningi). Ukubuyiselwa kweR&D intela ngokwekhethelo ngenxa yezimo zokuxilonga, izitofu, nemithi yentela, kanye nempilo yezobuchwepheshe kungabangela ukuthuthuka kokuncitshiswa kwempilo entengayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, icebo le-PLICPri yemishini yezokwelapha linganezelwa ngamaholide emishini ekhiqiza imishini eyingozi engokwezinjongo. Uhulumeni kufanele ucacise intela yezezobuchwepheshe zempilo, i-temedicine, kanye ne-eparmackine, ezikhula ngokushesha kodwa ezisebenza ezindaweni ezimpunzile ngaphansi kweGST.

Inhlangano Eshukumisayo Nokunciphisa Ukukhishwa Kwemisebe

Abakhathaleli bezempilo bavame ukubhekana nezimpikiswano zentela ngokuhlelwa kwezinkonzo, i-IC queligis, kanye nokubaluleka kokuthengwa. Ukumisa ikomiti yezemboni eCacileyo yeGST noma indlela yokuphikisana ngokushesha kwezempilo kunganciphisa umthwalo wokuqondisa. Uhulumeni unikeze izisekelo ezichaza izici ezithile (umz., GST ezisebenza nge-dialysis, kuma-ambulensi), kodwa iziqondiso ezibanzi zokunakekela impilo zingemukeleka. Izikhulu zentela kufanele futhi zithathe indlela yokuzivumelanisa ngamaphutha angenhloso abaqashi abancane phakathi nenkathi yoshintsho.

Isiphetho

Izinguquko zentela eNdiya ngokungenakuphikwa ziye zalungisa futhi isigaba sezempilo, ukuqondisa izakhiwo zanamuhla, ukuhlelwa kwemali, kanye nezinga elithile lokukhokha. Ukungena kweGST kwenza kube lula isimiso sentela esingaqondile kodwa kwasungula izakhiwo ezintsha zabanikazi bezenhlalakahle bezempilo abakhululekileyo. Ukukhokha intela kuye kwathuthukisa ukungena komshuwalense wezempilo futhi kwakhuthaza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Intela yokuthengwa kwentela nokukhubazeka phakathi kwemidalo yezempilo nezindlela zomphakathi ezingokwezenhlalakahle. [NFF:] Izisusa eziphambili zokwakha izikhungosi eziphambili ezibhedlweni, izikhungo zeze, kanye namayeza. Kodwa izinselele ezingokwezimo ezempilo ezingokwezisekelo, izikhulu zezezezezezezezempilo, izikhulule intela ezikhubazekayo, intela ezimpomponi zezezezezezezezezezezezezezempilo, intela ezimpoko, izindleko zezenteko yezenteko yezenteko yezenteko yezenteko yezenteko yomphakathi, i