I-Raje Sabra, indlu ephezulu yePhalamende laseNdiya, inesikhundla esihlukile somthetho-mthetho esidlulela ngalé kokubukezwa komthetho. Indima yayo ekulolongeni isimiso sezwe sokuthuthukisa nokusekela imali yokucwaninga ihlobene kakhulu nemisebenzi yayo ekhucululwayo, ukucusumbulwa, nokuqondisa kwemithetho yezimali, iRajiya Sabha isiza ekuchazeni ukuhambela phambili kwezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe zobuchwepheshe baseNdiya. Enkathini lapho ukuncintisana kwembulunga yonke kuhlangene kakhulu ekucwaningeni nasekuthuthukiseni (R&D), ukuzwa kwethonya lale komiti, nokuqondisa uhlelo lwemali, iRajiya Sabha ibalulekile kubenzi benqubo, abacwaningi, nababheki bezemboni.

Indima Yomthetho - sisekelo KaRaje Sabha Ekuhloleni Uhlelo Lokusebenzisa Imali Lwesayensi Nobuchwepheshe

I-Raje Sabba isebenzisa igunya layo ngokuyinhloko ngokuhlola izindaba zezimali, kuhlanganise nokunikezwa kwezimali zesayensi nobuchwepheshe (S&T) umnyango wenkonzo kanye nezindikimba zokucwaninga ezizimele. Ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 109 soMthetho-sisekelo, i-Money Bills ivela kuyi-Lok Sabba, kodwa iRajiya Sabbaha iphethe amandla okutusa ukulungiswa nokubambezela ukudlula kuze kube izinsuku ezingamashumi amane nane. Lo mbuso unikeza ithuluzi elibalulekile lokulawula izimali zezinhlangano zokucwaninga ezinjenge-Puncilment of Scientific & Indual Indual Research (CSIR), umnyango we-Biotectecticology (DT), kanye ne-Operant Research Society (IS) yase-Indianstvanicrection (IS).

Ngaphandle kokuqondisa okuqondile kwesimiso sokuhlela imali, iRaje Sabha ibukeza iZimfuno zeGrants of S&T ngeKomiti yayo yeSimende yesayensi ne-Technology, imodule neFreests. Amalungu eKomiti .(____aphuma kwemigqa enqamule imigqa yeqembu) ehlongozwayo, izindleko zokubuza oonobhala beminyango, futhi iveze imibiko ehlela ukuhlaziywa kokugcina kwe-appropring. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2022 ukuhlola kwekomiti kwaholela ekuthuthukiseni izimali ze- National Supercompulliting Missionsion ne-Deep Oce Oce Mis, kokubili okunenselelayo engxaphelweni ye-oce yaseNdiya.

IRaje Sabra iphikisana futhi ne-Economic Survey yaminyaka yonke kanye ne-Fooms yeminyaka emihlanu (manje ethathelwa indawo i-NITI Aayog, lapho kucaciswa khona izinto eziza kuqala zokucwaninga). Lezimpikiswano zinikeza iqophelo lochwepheshe abachaza izihloko phakathi kwamalungu ukuqokomisa izikhala ezingokwezimali, ukuphindaphinda imizamo, nokuvela izindawo ezinjenge-quantam computing noma hydrogen eluhlaza edinga ukuthengwa.

Ithonya Ekongweni Yokucwaninga Izinto Eziza Kuqala: Izingxoxo Nemibiko Yamakomiti

Ithonya langempela leRaje Sabra ekutholeni imali yokucwaninga libonakala kakhulu ngomsebenzi wamakomiti akhona amile nakhethayo. Lemikhakha ihlola izimiso zezimiso, ihlola ukuphumelela kwezinhlelo ezikhona, futhi itusa ukuthunyelwa kwemithombo yangempela. Imibiko ewumphumela igcinwa eNdlu futhi ngokuvamile iholela eziqinisekisini zokukhonza noma iziqondiso ezibukeziwe zezimali.

IKomiti Emile Yesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe, Indawo Ezungezile Namahlathi

Le komiti mhlawumbe iyi-applial S&T indikimba engamele eRajeya Sabha. Ibukeza iziphakamiso zezemali zeNkonzo yesayensi yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, uBuminisho bezeNkathi, neNkonzo yeNdawo Ezungezile, iHlathi nenkampane. Emibikweni yayo, ikomiti iye yalokhu ibiza i-R&D izindleko njengengxenye ye-GDP manje endiza cishe i-0.7%, ingaphansi kakhulu kwesilinganiso sembulunga yonke se-1.8%.$(*) futhi iye yasekela inqubo ye-stateory ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi ukucwaninga kuyakhululwa ngesikhathi. Umbiko wayo 2023, ngokwesibonelo, ukulibaziseka kokusetshenziswa kwe-National Foundation Foundation (NFR) futhi yakhuthaza ukumiswa kwemali ehlangene ngokusekelwa yi-hulumeni.

Isilinganiso SeKomiti NeKomiti Yokuthumela Amarekhodi Yomphakathi

Nakuba lamakomiti engobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwe-Lok Sabha, i-Raje Sabha isekela amalungu azo zombili, ikhulisa ithonya lawo ekuzilandiseni ngecala. I-Mietings Committee ihlola ukuphumelela kokusebenzisa e-S&T iminyango, kuyilapho iKomiti yama-Public Atcomplication Office ihlola imibiko yokuhlola yezindikimba zokucwaninga. Ukutusa kwawo kungenza kube lula ukunikeza ukuhlukanisa ezikhungweni ezizimele noma ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana kwemboni nemboni [1] kuthinta ngokuqondile indlela intuthuko yokusetshenziswa kwemali ekhona ngaphambi kokuba isetshenziswe futhi iholwe ngayo.

I-DRSCs imiswe kabusha amaKomiti amisiwe ePhalamende (i-DRSCs)

I-DRSC eyisishiyagalombili isebenza ngaphansi kwe-Rajeya Sabba, ngalinye lihlola inkonzo ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, iKomiti yezezimali, iye yafaka imbokodo yentela ye-R&D isetshenziswa yi-professom. Ngo-2021, umbiko wayo we-Teach Elula watusa ukunyusela isikweleti esikhudlekayo semali esekhaya i-R&D kusukela ku- 150% kuya ku-200%, ukunyakaza okungandisa kakhulu ukuthengiselwa kwenkampani eshicile. Ngokufanayo, iKomiti yezemboni iye yahlola izikhala zemali zokuqalisa isayensi enzulu yobuchwepheshe futhi yasikisela ukusungula isikhwama esikweletulo esingokomthetho esivela e-Centreal In Pustries Development of India (SCHDAI).

Izinyathelo Eziyinhloko Eziqhutshwa URaje Sabha Dealibra

Amalungu esizwe aye aphakamisa imibuzo nezenzo zokufushanisa eziletha ukunakekela komphakathi ezindaweni zokucwaninga ezinganakwa, okushukumisela uhulumeni ukuba amemezele amasu amasha noma andise akhona.

Isimiso sikazwe sokusebenza kwe-cyber-Physical System (NM-ICPS)

I-NM-ICPS yamiswa ngo-2018 ngo-2018 i-creadre engaphezulu kwengu-63,660 ye-cread eminyakeni emihlanu, ihlose ukwakha iqoqo lemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe ezindaweni ezinjengokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, amarobhothi, ne-inthanethi yezinto. I-Rajya Sabbah Committee on Science and Technology yadlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni isimo sokubusa somsebenzi. Phakathi nokubukeza uhlelo lwemali lwezesayensi ne-technoloji, amalungu ekomiti agcizelela ukuxhaswa kwemali okuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwemisebenzi kanye nepulani eliqinile, kamuva ekwakheka isisekelo somklamo. Namuhla, i-NM-ICPS isungule izikhungo 25 ezweni lonke, ithuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezu kuka-300.

Isisekelo Sokucwaninga Sezwe (NRF)

I-NRF Bill, eyayihloselwe ukusungula inhlangano eyinhloko yezezimali yokucwaninga ngemfundo ephakeme, yahlolwa okokuqala yikomiti ekhethayo ngo-2019. Ukutusa kwekomiti . Kuhlanganise namalungiselelo ebhodi elibusayo elimelelwe amayunivesithi kahulumeni, ukugcizelelwa okunamandla kakhulu kokucwaninga kwezesayensi yezenhlalo, nokuhlukaniswa okusobala kwemisebenzi yokulawula nokuxhasa imali, kwawushintsha umthetho wokugcina. I-NRF, manje yakhiwa njenge-Anuswan National Research Foundation (ANRF) enemali elingana ne-650 000 yeminyaka engaphezu kwesihlanu, ibophekile ekuhleleni kwayo isakhiwo sendlu ephezulu.

Ukuqalisa ENdiya Eyi - IMPRINT

I-Indian Mission on Climate and Sustainable Development (IMPRINT) ingomunye uhlelo oye wazuza ku-Rajeya Sabhaca Summory. Phakathi nengxoxo ka-2016 ngokucwaninga ngokushintsha isimo sezulu, amalungu aphawula ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ehlobene nobunjiniyela, ezolimo, nezemvelo. Uhulumeni wandisa icebo lokuhlanganisa indlela enikezelwe yokulima ye-IMPRINT, kanye nezimali ezivela kuMnyango wezemfundo ne-Educator of Environment.

Ukuthunywa Kolwandle Olujulile

Iqalwe ngo-2021 ngokunikwa kokuqala kwe-764,077 crore, i-Deep Ocean Mission iyisimiso sokucwaninga esihamba phambili esisekujuleni kolwandle eNdiya. IKomiti ye-Simedian yesayensi ne-Technology yacindezela ukuvunyelwa kwasekuqaleni komsebenzi, iveza ukuthi i-India kwakudingeka ihambisane nokutshala i-China ekuhloleni imikhumbi. Umbiko wekomiti waveza isidingo sokusebenza okunikezelweyo okujuleyo nokungcono phakathi koMnyango wezesayensi yomhlaba ne-Indiya Navy.

Izinselele EkuHlenzeni Izimali Zokulungisa: Imizamo Yezombangazwe Nemidanti Yohlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwemali

Naphezu kwemibuso yayo engokomthetho, iRaje Sabha ibhekene nezinselele zezombangazwe ezinciphisa ithonya layo ekutholeni imali yokucwaninga.

Izingxabano Nezikhathi Zokungenela Indlu

Isimiso se-bidamaral saseNdiya sisho ukuthi i-Lok Sabbah, njengendlu ekhethwe ngokuqondile, ngokuvamile isho okukokugcina ezikweletini zemali. Nakuba i-Rajiya Sabra ingazindela ukunqanda ukuncishiswa kwemali, ayinakuvala imali yezimali unomphela. Lokhu kungaholela ekukhungathekeni lapho ukutusa kwendlu ephezulu eS& izimali zemali zinganakwa noma zincishiswe ekuhleleni imali ekugcineni. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2020 i-Rajaya Sabbaha isidingo sokwanda okungu-20% kuMnyango we-Biotechnology semali kuncishintwa lapho ukuhlelwa kwemali yemali esetshenziswa ku 8% phakathi novoti yokugcina ye-Lokhampamp.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka njalo phakathi nehora lombuzo kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlela kunciphisa isikhathi esikhona sengxoxo ephansi edingidwayo ezindabeni zokucwaninga. IRaje Sabha inezihlalo ezingu- 250 kuphela (kuhlanganise namalungu angu-12 anezinhlangothi), futhi indawo yayo yokuhlala ilinganiselwe; nokho umthamo wezentengiselwano zezomthetho uvame ukubangela i-S&T izimpikiswano ezisezingeni. Imihlangano yamakomiti ngezinye izikhathi ihlelwa endaweni efanayo njenge House, iphoqelela amalungu ukuba akhethe phakathi kokuhlanganyela ezimpikiswaneni nokucubungula kabanzi.

Iziteshi Zohlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwemali Nezici Eziphansi ER&D

Izindleko ezinkulu zaseNdiya kuR&D (GERD) zikhona cishe ngeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, kanti amazwe anjenge-China (2.4%) ne-South Korea ayeseyenyuka phambili. iRajiya Sabba imemezele izakhiwo eziphezulu, kodwa ukuhlaziywa kwemali kukahulumeni okuza kuqala kunyuswa yizinkonzo, izakhiwo, kanye nezakhiwo (negumbi elincane lokukhula okukhulu. PRS Legative Research[] ukuhlaziywa kwemali engu-2024-25 kubonisa ukuthi ingqikithi yemali yemali yemali i-S& ukuchithwa kwemali kwanda kuphela ngezindawo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-5%, kunciphe kakhulu, ngaphandle kwenani elikhulu. [[FLT] I-SY.

Ukuntuleka Kwezigaba Zangasese

Enye inselele engapheli yisici esiphansi se-R&D kuphela esixhasa imali elinganiselwa ku-40% ye-GERD, uma kuqhathaniswa namashumi ayisikhombisa% ezomnotho ezithuthukile. Ikomiti yeRajeya Sabhaha yezezemboni iye yaqokomisa ukungabikho kobungane obuqinile bomphakathi ukuze kucwaningwe. Umbiko wayo ka-2022 waphawula ukuthi isikhuthazo sentela yenkampani ye-R&D sasehle kusukela ku-200% kuya ku-50% eshumini leminyaka elidlule, idumaza. Ikomiti yatusa ukubuyiselwa kwentengiselwanothi ephakeme kakhulu nokwakha isibopho somphakathi esingokwesivumelwano sesizwe, kodwa lokhu kusikisela kusazosetshenziswa.

Umbono Oqhathaniswayo: Indlela Ezinye Izindlu Eziphezulu Ezinethonya Ngayo

Ukuhlaziya kangcono ukuphumelela kweRajiya Sabba, kuwusizo ukuqhathanisa indima yayo neyondlu ephezulu kweminye imibuso emikhulu. ISigebe sase United States , ngokwesibonelo, ineziphakamiso ezinamandla ezilawula ngokuqondile izimali zezinhlangano ezinjengeNational Science Foundation (MLF) neNational Institutes of Health (NIH). ISigebengu, isayensi, neKomiti yezokuthutha ibamba i-mevale okubumba i-Melika COMPETES, okuthi ace i-ANCOMPETS Act, ababhali bezigidi zezigidi zezigidi ekucwaningeni. URajya Syabha, ngokungafani, ungena amandla okukhokha imali futhi kumelwe bathembele ekuhlolweni kwemali futhi banciphe.

IUK House of Lords, nge-Science and Technology Proset, iveza imibiko enethonya − njengokuhlolwa kwayo kwezakhiwo zezesayensi ezilinganayo kwe-2023 (ezivame ukuholela ekushintshweni kwezimiso zikahulumeni. Nokho, i House of Lords isebenza ngegunya elilinganiselwe lezimali, elifana neRajiya Sabba. Zombili izindlwana zixhomeke ekusebenziseni kwazo ikhono nobukhulu bezombangazwe bokutusa kwazo.

Indlu ephezulu yaseNdiya iqhathaniseka ngokungcono nobubanzi besimiso sekomiti yayo; amaDRSC ayisishiyagalombili anikeza ukuqondisa okunemininingwane eminingi okungekho kwezinye izimiso ze-bidaral. Nokho, i-Rajiya Sabbaha yamalungu akhethwe izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni nenani elilinganiselwe elincishiswe uMongameli [1] kunganciphisa ukusabela kwayo ekusunguleni izidingo. Ngokuphambene, i-U.S. i-S. iqinisekisa ukuthi amalungu aqaphela kahle iyunivesithi yendawo nocwaningo lwezemboni.

Amathuba Nezituso Zokuqinisa Indima YeRaje Sabha

Naphezu kwalezi zithiyo, izinyathelo eziningana zikakhonkolo zazingathuthukisa ithonya likaRaje Sabra ekutholeni izimali ezithuthukisiwe zesizwe.

Yakha I - S& Ezinikezele; Iphepha Lohlelo Lohlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwemali

Okwamanje, i-S& izindleko zisakazekela ezimini zonkonzo eziningi (i-Science & i-Technology, i-Earth Sciences, Environment, Defence, Health, Agriculture). I-Rajiya Sabba ingacindezela i- Science kanye ne-Technology Project, efana neGeneder Department, i-Dractime. Iphepha elinjalo lingavumela amalungu ukuba ahlole ngokwezimo ezimele i-R&D futhi aqaphele izikhala zemali. [[FLT:]] I-ITY[FLT[FLD]][FLT]]] ISTIOGY], kodwa lilokhu lihlolele lomqondo, kodwa lihlala lingu-odmixtiod.

Khulisa Indima Yamalungu Angenazo Izakhi

I-Raje Sabra ihlanganisa amalungu angu-12 aneziqu ezinolwazi lwesayensi, lwezincwadi, lobuciko, nenkonzo yezenhlalo. Lamalungu avame ukuhola izinqumo zekomiti kodwa antula ukuqondisa okuqondile kokhetho. Ithonya lawo lingase lisetshenziswe ngokudala “iSiko no-Invation Caucus” ngaphakathi e House, ukuhlangana ngenyanga ukuxoxa ngezindawo zokucwaninga ezisandayo nokuhlangana ngemisebenzi yenkonzo ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe uhlelo lwemali. I-caucus ingamema futhi izazi zesayensi nezokulawula i-jolitis. I-caucus ingamema futhi izazi zesayensi nezokuxhumana ukuba zifakazelwa, umkhuba ovamile eMkhandlwini.

Qinisa Ukuhlola Kwangaphambi Kokuqala

Okwamanje, ukufakwa kweRajiya Sabba ekuhleleni imali kudinga kakhulu ukunikezwa kwemali ngemva kokuba inikezwe. Inqubo yokuhlola ehlelwe kusengaphambili, lapho uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali ehlangana khona neKomiti Emisha yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokulungiselela uhlelo lwemali lwaminyaka yonke, ivumela indlu ephezulu ukuba ithonye izakhiwo ezisesitejini sokuhlela. Lendlela isetshenziswa eNingizimu Afrika, lapho i-Palamente Paramente Paramente Paramente Office iqala khona ukuqulwa kwezindaba ze-pal ephethe i-fiscal place.

Ukucwaninga Okuthuthukisiwe Kwezindlela Zokuvuselela Izindlela Zokuxhumana

I-Rajiya Sabra Sectariat ingasungula iqembu lokucwaninga elisezindlini ezisendlwini eligxile e-S& inkambiso ye-T kanye nezimiso zokusungula. Lenhlangano inganikeza amalungu imininingwane ku-R&D ukusetshenziswa kwemiklamo esemthethweni, amaqoqo azimele, amazinga okusinda, kanye nezici zobuhlobo zezemboni zokuxhumana − nokuncintisana okwengeziwe okusekelwe ebufakazini. Ukuncintisana kwamanje ekuphenduleni komnyango kanye nezifundo zezikhathi ezithile ze-PLT [FL:0] PRSGRALItivement Research[[FLT: 1] ayifaneleki ukufinyelela ukujula kwemia kwemiza kwemboni.

Ukuthunywa Kwesiphambano Esinengxenye Ehlukile

Ukwehlukana kwezombangazwe kuvame ukuthiya ukusungulwa kwezimali okuthatha isikhathi eside, okudinga izibopho zeminyaka eminingi ngaphezu kwesinqumo sikahulumeni oyedwa. IRajiya Sabhaha ingasekela isivumelwano esiphambanayo esiseqenjini elincane le-R&D izindleko ze-GDP eyingxenye eyodwa ngo-2030, ezifana nemali echithwayo egunyazwa yi-NATO. Isibopho esinjalo, esifakwe ephalamendeni, singanikeza abacwaningi nabangenisi bemali ngokuqinisekile.

Isiphetho: Indlela Engaphambili Yesimiso Semvelo Sokulungisa Imvelo SaseNdiya

Ithonya likaRaje Sabya Sabra ekusunguleni kwezwe nokuxhasa imali ngokucwaninga kodwa alifani. Ngamakomiti alo nezimpikiswano, liye laguqula izenzakalo zengqophamlando njenge-National Research Foundation, i-Deep Ocean Mission, ne-NM-ICPS. Kodwa ngokuphawulekayo imingcele yezakhiwo zayo ephansi yemibuso yemali kanye nezomnotho zezombangazwe zemali zithola inzuzo yayo. Njengoba i-Indiya ilangazelela ukuba ibe inzuzo yemali eyizigidi eziyizigidi eziyi-5, kanye nengxenye yembulunga yonke yendlu ephezulu, kumelwe ishintshe.

Ukuqhubekela phambili, inhlanganisela yezinguquko ze-procedro, ukuhlanganiswa kochwepheshe, nokuvumelana okuphambana kungaguqula iRaje Sabba isuka ekubeni i-scrutineer ethatha indawo yokucwaninga yaseNdiya. Izigxobo ziphakeme: izizwe ezizohola ikhulu lama-21 yilezo ezitshala ngolwazi ekudaleni. I-Rajya Sabra hasha kokubili umyalo womthetho-mfashini we-iship nomshini wezobuchwepheshe ukuze zisize iNdiya ukuba isho ukuthi iholi.