Ithonya Lobuholi Bezigebengu Ekuthatheni Umhlalaphansi NoMbuso

Izimiso zempesheni yoMbuso zimelela esinye sezibopho ezinkulu kakhulu zemali ezithathwa yinoma yimuphi uhulumeni wezwe. Lezi zinzuzo zichazwa ukuthi zihlanganisa izigidi zezisebenzi zomphakathi kuhlanganise nothisha, amaphoyisa, abacimi bomlilo, nezisebenzi zomphakathi, nezibopho zemali ezihlukene, izigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-4 [ ezweni lonke. Umbusi, njengoba isikhulu esiphethe uhulumeni ngamunye, usebenzisa igunya eliqinile phezu komklamo, ukuxhasa imali, nokuphatha kwalezi zinhlelo zomhlala phansi. Ngokuhlela izimali ezihlela iminikelo yezezombangazwe emabhodini empesheni empesheni, izenzo zombusi zingaqinisa noma zithathe umhlalaphansi wezizukulwane zezisebenzi zomphakathi. Ukuqonda indlela ukuhlelwa kwenkampatho yobuholi yemali enziwayo yomphakathi, izisebenzi zomphakathi, nezakhamuzi abahlala ezihlala ezindlini ezindlini ezimele izikhulu.

Indima Yokwakha Yohulumeni Ekubuseni Ngezigaba Zomphakathi

Ababusi bakahulumeni bahlala esikhungweni sohlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokubusa olunquma ukuthi izimiso zomhlalaphansi zisebenza kanjani. Amandla abo angokomthetho ayahluka ngokwezwe kodwa ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amasu alandelayo ethonya.

Igunya Lokusebenzisa Imali Nezinto Eziza Kuqala

Isiphakamiso sonyaka semali enikezwa umbusi simisa isisekelo semali yempesheni ezifundazweni eziningi. Uma umbusi ehlela iminikelo yempesheni, uhulumeni unciphisa izindleko ezingancitshiswanga futhi uthuthukisa isilinganiso esikhokhelwayo. Uma iminikelo yempesheni idebeselelwa noma incishiselwa ekulinganiseni ezinye izinto eziza kuqala, amatyala ayanda nempilo ende yesimiso. Lokhu kuhwebelana phakathi kwemali yempesheni nokusekela ezinye izinhlelo ezinjengemfundo noma isisekelo kungezinye zezinqumo ezinkulu ezilandelayo ezithathwa ngumbusi ozenzayo. Ukucwaninga kwe-[[FLTB] Creatys Treatys kuveza ukuthi ngeminikelo eguquguqukayo yaminyaka kushiwo yileyo ehambisana nezindlela zokuxhasa imali engamashumi amabili adluleyo.

Amandla Okumisa Amabhodi Aboshiwe

Izimiso zempesheni eziningi zikahulumeni zibuswa amabhodi aphathiswe ukukhokha imali, ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo zokutshala imali, nezinqumo zokuphatha. Abalawuli bakhetha ingxenye enkulu yala malungu ebhodi, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuqinisekiswa kwemithetho. Ukuhlelwa kwebhodi ngokuqondile kuthinta izinqumo eziphathelene nempahla eqoqwe, ukubekelwa izingozi, nokuhlelwa komklamo ozuzisayo. Umbusi omisa amalungu ebhodi anekhono elijulile lezezimali kanye nokuzimela uqinisa imiphumela, kuyilapho ukumiswa kwamalungu anezinqumo zezombangazwe kungalulaza ukusebenza isikhathi eside.

I - agenda Egunyazwa Umthetho Ne - Veto

Nakuba izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni zidlulisa ngokusemthethweni izikweleti zempesheni yokulungisa impesheni, uhlelo lwezishaya-mthetho luhlela izinqumo zenkulumo. Ohulumeni bangahlela izinguquko, baxoxe nabaholi bomthetho, futhi basebenzise amandla okuvimbela umthetho abawuphikisayo. Leligunya lidlulela nakushintsho lwezindlela ezingcono, iminyaka yomhlalaphansi, izindleko zokulungisa ukuphila, kanye nezinga leminikelo yezisebenzi. Ukuzimisela kombusi ukungenela ezindabeni zempesheni ngokuvamile kunquma ukuthi izinguquko ziyashintsha yini noma ziguqula.

Iziqondiso Zesimiso Sokuqondisa Nezenzo Zokuphatha

Ngaphandle komthetho, ababusi bangathonya isimiso sempesheni ngokuyala abaqondisi ukuba bakhulume ngemisebenzi yokuphatha, ukubika izimfuneko, nokuthembisana. Abanye ababusi baye basebenzisa iziyalezo zokugunyaza ukugunyaza ukuhlolwa kwezimiso zempesheni, ukudinga ukudalulwa kwemali yokutshala imali, noma ukusungula amabutho okuhlola ukugcinwa isikhathi eside. Lezizenzo, nakuba zingabonakali njengezinguquko zemithetho, zidala isisekelo sokuziphendulela ngokuqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa.

Imishini Yethonya: Ukuhlaziya Ngokujulile

Ukushintsha Izakhiwo Kuzuzisa Izakhiwo

Enye yezindlela eziqondile kakhulu ababusi abathinta ngayo izimiso zempesheni iwukukhuthaza izinguquko zenzuzo ngokwazo. Izinguquko ezivamile zihlanganisa ukunyusa inkathi yomhlalaphansi, ukulungisa indlela esetshenziselwa ukubala izinzuzo, ukunciphisa izindleko zokuphila, noma ukuguqula izisebenzi ezintsha zibe izinqubo ezixubile noma ezichazwe kahle. Ngazinye zalezinguquko zinemiphumela emikhulu yakho kokubili ukulondolozwa nokulondeka komhlalaphansi kwezisebenzi zomphakathi. Izikhulu zihlela lezinguquko njengokudingeka ukuze zilondoloze inzuzo yesikhathi eside yesimiso, kuyilapho abagxeki bethi zifaka engozini ezisebenzini futhi zinciphise imbuyiselo iyonke.

Ukusekela Isiyalo Nesandla Ebuthweni

Umnikelo omisiwe ulingana nemali edingekayo unyaka ngamunye yokugcina isimiso sempesheni sisendleleni eholela ekutholeni imali ephelele. Ohulumeni abathi njalo bahlongoze izimali ezihlangabezana noma ezedlulele kulomnyango babonisa isijeziso semali ethathelwanayo. Labo abanikela kancane, ngokuvamile ngokukhokha izindleko ezithatha isikhathi eside noma ngokufuna ukubuya kwemali enika ithemba, badala incithako yezakhi zemali ngesikhathi esiphelele. Inhlangano yesizwe yoMnyango weRomspecment Administrates [ iphawule ukuthi ngemithetho yomnikelo ehleliwe ngokukhokhela isilinganiso esikhokhelwayo isilinganiso esingaphezulu kwamaphesenti angu-80, kanti labo abanemali ekhokhelwayo ngaphansi kwe-activegion beyevelftive pertive percents 60] baye bazibona ziphansi kakhulu.

Iqhinga Lokutshala Imali Nokuyichitha

Izimali zemali ezibolelwe ukukhokhela ukubuyiselwa kwezimali ezibolelwe ukuhlanganisa cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezikweleti zabo. Ithonya likambusi ngokuphathelene nokumiswa kwebhodi kanye nenqubo yokutshala imali lingahlela icebo lokunika imali imali. Abanye ababusi baye baphoqa ukutshala imali ekhushulelwayo ngasese, ngokwezisekelo, noma kwezinye izinto ukuze bathuthukise inzuzo. Abanye baye basekela indawo ezungezile, umphakathi, izenhlalo, kanye nokulawula izinqumo zokukhokha. Ukucindezela phakathi kokuveza izinzuzo nokuphishekela izinhloso zezekelo ngokutshala imali kudala impikiswano eqhubekayo ngesilinganiso esifanele semali ehambisana nomthwalo wemfanelo. Omanduna bafaka amathuba ekwandiseni ukubonakala kwezinqumo zokutshala imali nokubika usizo komphakathi ekuqondiseni imali yemali.

Ukwehluka Kwemithetho Yokujeziswa Kwezombangazwe Nezengqondo

Ukuqonda lezi zici kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani amazwe ahlukahlukene ephishekela izimiso ezihlukene ezihlukene zomhlalaphansi ngisho nalapho ebhekene nezimo ezifanayo zenani labantu nezomnotho.

Ukungafani Kwendlela Esondela Ngayo

Ukucwaninga ngenkambiso yempesheni yemali kahulumeni kwembula izindlela ezibonakalayo phakathi kwemigqa ehlukanisayo. Ababusi base Republic beye baba nonya olukhulu kakhulu ekuphishekeleni izinguquko zokwakha njengokuvala amasu achazwayo enzuzo ezisebenzi ezintsha, ukunciphisa izinzuzo, nokwandisa iminikelo yezisebenzi. Ababusi bedemokrati baye bathambekele ekugcizeleleni ukulondoloza amazinga enzuzo, ukuthuthukisa izimali ngokunyuka kwemali ngenani lemali, kanye nokwandisa izimali ezikhungweni ezigciniwe. Nokho, lemiklamo ayiyona into ephelele. Abakhululi bawo womabili amaqembu baye babhekana nokucindezela kokubhekana nezingozi ezingalawuleki, futhi abaholi abasebenzi abavamile bathola izizathu ezihlangeneyo ezingokwenzuzo ezingokwezimali. [[FLT:] Inhlangano yemali eyandayo.[FLT][FLY]]

Iqembu Elinesithakazelo Liyazikhandla

Izinyunyana zezisebenzi zomphakathi ziphakathi kwezibambiso ezinamandla kakhulu ezingxabanweni zempesheni. Abalawuli abafuna ukuguqula izimiso zempesheni babhekene nokuphikiswa okuhleliwe kwezinhlangano ezivikela izakhiwo ezikhona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ababusi abasiza ngokuthuthukisa intuthuko ephambili basebenza ngokuseduze nomholi wenhlangano ukuze bahlele futhi badlulise umthetho. Amandla ezombangazwe ezinyunyana zomphakathi ahluka kakhulu emazweni, aphethe amazwe abonisa ithonya elingcono kakhulu lenhlangano futhi afaka imithetho ehlangene eveza ithonya elikhulu. Ababusi abaphumelelayo basebenzisa lezi zindlela zokubambisana ngokuthatha izintambo, bakhuluma ngokucace mayelana nezinselele zomphakathi ezibhekene nesimiso, futhi bakha imifelandawo ehlanganisa abamele intela nabakhokhisi.

Ukucabangela Imidlalo Nengozi Yezombangazwe

Inguquko ye-penion inengozi enkulu yezombangazwe ngoba ithinta ngokuqondile ukulawulwa kwemithetho ehleleke kakhulu nephimbo. Abaphathi abaphishekela izinguquko ezinonya bangase babhekane nokuphikiswa izisebenzi zomphakathi okhethweni, kuyilapho labo abangazinakiyo izingozi ezikhulayo zokushiya abakhokhi besikhathi esizayo benomthwalo ongalawuleki. Isikhathi sezinguquko ezihlobene nezindaba zokhetho. Abaholi abathatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngokwezimo zabo banezinzuzo zokuguqula izinto futhi bathathe izikhala zempi. Labo abalibalayo ukushiya abakhokhisi bentela abazozenza izindleko zesikhathi esizayo benobunzima futhi bandisa izinga lezinguquko ezidingekayo kamuva. Ababusi bezombangazwe abaningi abaphumelelayo balungisa ipeni yemali njengethuba elihambisanayo lokuvikela kokubili izisebenzi nabaholi bentela.

Ukuhlola Icala Kubaholi Bezigebengu

UMbusi A: Inguquko Yezakhiwo Nesiyalo Esiqinile

Umbusi wasezweni eliphakathi entshonalanga wabhekana nesimiso sempesheni esikhokhelwayo esingamaphesenti angu-55 kuphela, esinezikweletu ezingakhokhwanga ezisondela emadolara ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-40. Umbusi wasikisela ukuba kubekwe iphakethe elibanzi lokulungisa inkathi yomhlalaphansi elihlanganisa ukukhushulelwa konyaka wama-55 kuya ku-60 ngezisebenzi ezingasebenzi, inciphelwé izindleko zokusebenza kusukela kumaphesenti amathathu kuya kumaphesenti angu-3 kuphela emalini ekhokhwapheni, futhi iminikelo yezisebenzi ekhuphuzwayo elinganiselwa ngamaphesenti amabili omholo. I-gadansi yamisa futhi imfuneko yomthetho yezwelonke yokwenza umnikelo omisiwe unyaka ngamunye, ivimbela izivumelwano zesikhathi esizayo ekufushayeni isimiso sokwenza isimiso sokwenza imishini sokwenza inzuzo ehliswayo, ukuthuthukisa kwenani elingcono kwezentengokwayo, futhi isilinganiso sesibopho sesibopho sesivumelwano sezwe sezwezwe ngesilinganiso sezentengo yombuso asithuthukiswa ngenkathi esiphakathi seminyaka emihlanu, ikhushubile, ukuthuthukisa kweze inzuzo yeze inzuzo yeze

UMbusi B: Zuza Ukwanda Nokutshala Inguquko

Umbusi wasesifundazweni sogu lobungako wathatha indlela ehlukile, wagxila ezinzuzoni ezandisiwe zezisebenzi ezithathe umhlalaphansi ngesikhathi zifuna ukuthuthukisa izimali zesimiso ngokubuya. Umbusi owasayinwa umthetho wokubuyisela izindleko zokuphila ezishiywe phakathi nenhlekelele yemali edlulile, wandisa isibalo sezisebenzi ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 yenkonzo, futhi wakha uhlelo olusha lwemali yomhlalaphansi lwezisebenzi ezithatha umhlalaphansi ngengxenye. Ukubuyisela izindleko zalemali ekhuphukayo ngokuziweyo, umbusi wafaka ushintsho lwendlela yokutshala imali eyayihlanganisa ukwandisa izindleko zokwandiswa kwemali ngokwezisekelo, ukwamukela ukubuyela kobudlova obunamandla kwezisebenzi ezingamaphesenti angu-7, ukulahlekelwa kwezindleko zokuphatha izindleko zokuphatha, futhi ukunciphisa inzuzo yezentengo ezingcono phakathi nezindleko zemali. Inhlangano engcono phakathi nenzuzo yezentengongo yohwebo.

UMbusi C: Umklamo Oyinkimbinkimbi Wokubusa Nokuklama Nge - Hybrid

Umbusi wasesifundazweni sasentshonalanga wathatha indlela yokubambisana, wahlanganisa ibutho labasebenzi elalihlanganisa abameleli bezisebenzi, abakhokhi bentela, ochwepheshe bezezimali, nabaholi bemithetho abavela kuzo zombili. Izisebenzi zatusa icebo lemali yempesheni elihlangene nenzuzo echazwayo ngengxenye yomnikelo emisiwe. Izisebenzi ezintsha ziyothola inzuzo elingana nephesenti elilodwa lemali yokugcina elinganiselwayo ngonyaka yeholo lenkonzo yesiko, kuhlanganise ne- 401(k) yemali ekhutshelwe yiminikelo yemali yezisebenzi neyomqashi ophelele yemali esebenzayo. Inzuzo ekhona yavalwa ukuba igcinelwe izimpahla ezintsha kodwa ezilondoloziwe kodwa ezigcinwe izisebenzi eziholayo neziholi. Umbusi oboshwe ngokunciphiswa kweminyango engokwembusweni yezombangazwe, ukulondoloza izindleko zemali encitshisiwe ngokugcizelela ukuthi isilinganiso esiphansi sehholini lokuphepha lezisebenzi ezisebenzayo ezihlawulwa ngokuzisebenzela isilinganiso esiphansi.

Izinselele Zokubhekana Nesimiso Sikahulumeni Sokukhishwa

Ukungavumelani Okungahlosiwe Nokuhlangana

Icala elingenamcimbi oweqisayo kuzo zonke izimiso zempesheni zikahulumeni lidlula [izigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-$1.4 njengokwamuva kuhlolo olubanzi. Lesikweleti simelela izithembiso ezenziwe kuleyozisebenzi zamanje nalezo ezingazange zixhaswe ngokugcwele ngeminikelo nangemali ehhholwayo. Umthwalo wokukhokha lezintengo zemali uncipha ngenani lezigidi zezigidi zemali ekhokhwanywayo, ukwenza imibuzo yenani eliphakathi lokulingana nokulingana. Abaphathi kumelwe balinganisele isibopho sokukhokha izithembiso zangaphambili nesidingo sokutshala izinkonzo zamanje nenzuzo. Izingalo ezithiwa ukuthi zinciphisa ngokuqondile izindleko zesikhathi samanje ezithatha isikhathi eside kodwa izindleko ezikhuphuzwayo ezingaphezulu kakhulu.

Ukucindezela Kokuphila Kwabantu Nengozi Yobude

Iminyaka yokuphila yaseMelika iye yakhula cishe ngeminyaka eyishumi kusukela ngawo-1950, okusho ukuthi abaholi bemisebenzi baqoqa izinzuzo zezikhathi ezinde kunakuqala. Isilinganiso sezisebenzi ezisebenzayo ezithathe umhlalaphansi siye sehla kusukela ku-3 kuya ku-1-1 ku-1980 kuya ku-1. Lo shintsho lwenani labantu namuhla lusho ukuthi bambalwa izisebenzi ezisekela abantu abathatha umhlalaphansi, zibangela ukucindezela kwezimali ezinhlanganweni zemali ezikhokhelwa inzuzo yemali. Ababusi abaqonda izibalo zokwanda komphakathi bangazivumelanisa nezici ezimayelana nokufa, iminyaka yomhlalaphansi, nokukhula kwemisebenzi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi izinga lesimiso sezehlakalo libonisa isimo esingokoqobo kunezethembayo.

Ukubuya Komkhakha Nokutshala Imali

Imali yempesheni kahulumeni eningi ithatha izindleko zokutshala isamba semali engaphansi kwesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu sesigamu se-1920 iphinde ibuye ibuye i-endice ngamaphesenti angu-6, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eyishumi yenzalo ephansi kanye nenani lezentengo eyandayo. Uma izindleko zokwehla kwemali yomnikelo noma isilinganiso esixhaswe izimali zincipha. Ukuntengantenga kwezesikhashana ngo-202020 kwabangela ukulahlekelwa okusekelwe ezimalini ezithengiwe ezidingekayo ezizweni eziningi, kuyilapho ukukhushukuma kwemali okulandelayo kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ingabe ukubuyisa okuqinile kufihla izindleko ezingaphansi kwezinkinga zokwakha izakhiwo. Abaphathi kumelwe baqinisekise ukuthi ukubuyiselwa kwemigomo ekhona ngezikhathi ezingapheli.

Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo

Ukubona Kahle Nokulandisa

Abalawuli abafaka izivumelwano ekubikeni impesheni ukuthembana kwakha ukuthembana kwabagcini bemali futhi benze isibopho sokulandisa ngemisebenzi yabo. Ukunyathelisa imibiko eningiliziwe yaminyaka yonke ehlanganisa isilinganiso esixhaswe ngezindlela eziningi zokulinganisela, ukubuyisela izindleko zemali nokubuyisela inethikithi lokuzivivinya, nokunikeza ukuhlolwa okucindezelayo ngaphansi kwemisebenzi ehlukene yezomnotho kuvumela umphakathi nabenzi bemithetho ukuba baqonde impilo yeqiniso yalesi simiso. Amazwe anjenge- South Dakota[ [[FLT]] kanye ne-Jaughton[FLT]

Umbambi Wezigebengu Nokukhulumisana

Inguquko yecala iphumelela kakhulu uma ababambi bemali behlelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi behlelwa njalo. Abaphathi abakha izakhiwo ezingokomthetho zokwaziswa kwezisebenzi, bathatha ipesenti lamaqembu abathatha umhlala-phantsi, futhi baxhumane ngokuqondile nabakhokhi bentela ngesidingo sokuguqula inguquko yezombangazwe okudingeka ukuze kusekelwe izinguquko ezinzima. Ukuxhumana kwasikhathi sonke ngesikhundla sempesheni, izinguquko ezihleliwe, kanye nentuthuko ekusekeleni izimali kunciphisa udaba futhi kwakhe ukusekela okuthatha isikhathi eside kwesimiso sokuzwa umsindo.

Umshini Ozishintshayo

Enye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yempesheni yamuva ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezizisebenzelayo zokulungisa ezisabela ekushintsheni kwesimo esixhaswe yize kungadingeki ukumiswa kwemithetho. Le zindlela zingalungisa izindleko zenani lezisebenzi, amazinga omnikelo, noma zizuzise imishini esekelwe kwisilinganiso esixhaswe izimali noma ezinye i-mitayela. Ngokususa isidingo sokuzivumela okuphindwayo, ukulungisa okuzenzekelayo kunciphisa ingozi yezombangazwe yokungazinaki izinkinga nokwakha ukuziphatha okulindelekile kakhulu kwesimiso. Amazwe athole izinhlelo ezinjalo abika ukuqina okukhulu kwezentengiselwano emalini kanye nezinye izimo ezimbalwa zenguquko ezibangelwa yinhlekelele.

Izindlela Ezinhlobo Nezinhlayiya Eziningi

Ukuthambekela emklamweni wempesheni kahulumeni wempesheni yezwe kususa amasu angokwesiko angokwesiko enzuzo yezimiso ezihlangene nezici ezizuzisayo neziwumnikelo. Laba baxhaxha basengozini phakathi kwabaqashi nezisebenzi, banikeza izindleko ezithe ngqo kohulumeni, futhi banikeza inzuzo engcono kubantu abasebenza ngezimoto ezihambayo. Amasu asebenza ngemisebenzi eminingi, ahlanganisa abaqashi abancane ukuze bafinyelele izilinganiso zemali ekunakekeleni izimali zokutshala izimali kanye nokuphatha intela, athola ukunaka njengendlela yokwandisa impesheni yezisebenzi ezisebenza ngezindawo ezingenakusekela icebo lokuzisebenzela. Izikhulu ezihlola lezi zakhiwo ezintsha zezindawo zabo ezisebenzayo ezisebenza ezidinga izindleko zomsebenzi womsebenzi womsebenzi wokugcina intela wongakhokha nezikhokhelwa intela.

Isiphetho

Umholi wezemali uphakathi kwezici ezilandelayo kakhulu ezithinta ukuthatha umhlalaphansi wesifundazwe nempesheni. Izinqumo ababusi abazenzayo ngokuphathelene nokuhlelwa kwemali, ukumiswa kwezindawo, ukubophana kwemithetho, nemisebenzi yokuphatha zinquma ukuthi izimiso zempesheni ziyasekelwa, ziyalingana, futhi ziyakwazi ukugcwalisa izithembiso kuzisebenzi zomphakathi. Ucwaningo oluhlolwe lapha lubonisa ukuthi ababusi banezindlela ezisebenzayo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi, kusukela ekuhleleni izakhiwo zenguquko nemithetho emisha kuya ekuhleleni izinhlelo ezihambelanayo. Intambo evamile phakathi kwababusi abaphumelelayo iyisibopho sokubhekana nezinselele ngokuqondile, ukuhlanganisa ababambi bezigwebo abaqotho, nokwenza izinqumo ezisebenza ngokulungayo zombili izikhawulo zesikhathi esizayo. Njengoba ukucindezelwa kwezentengo yezentengiselwano, imfucuko, kanye nezingalo eziphambili, ukuhlelwa kwezimiso zokulawula ezingoko ezilawulayo kuphela kwezentengo yomphakathi, ukumiswa kwezentengo yemali, futhi kunezi ezizuzisa izakhamuzi zezentengo yomphakathi, zonke izakhamuzi zezentengo.