Ukuqonda Izimfuneko Ezinhle Zokucwaninga Ngempilo Nezindawo Zokunakekela Ezinde

Ukuhlola ukunakekelwa kwempilo nezimiso zokunakekela ezinde ze-internat kudinga ukulinganisela okucophelelayo phakathi kwezibopho zokuphepha zomphakathi namalungelo ezindaba eziyimfihlo zeziguli nezakhamuzi. Ngokungafani nezindawo zomphakathi ezivamile, lezindawo ezizungezile zinamathemba akhudlwana ezindaba zomuntu siqu, elawulwa imithetho kahulumeni nombuso, izindinganiso ezigunyaziwe, kanye nesivikelo somthetho-sisekelo. Lesi sihloko sichaza uma imvume idingekile, isisekelo somthetho esingemva kokufuna igunya, nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuphenya ngokusemthethweni kulemimo ebucayi.

I - Legial Foundation: Isichibiyelo Sesine Sivikela Empilweni

ISichibiyelo sesine soMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. sivikela abantu ekuphenyeni okungenangqondo nasekuqulekeni. Esikhungweni sokunakekela impilo, lesi sivikelo sidlulela ezigulini nasezakhamuzini, ngisho nalapho isakhiwo sithola imali kahulumeni noma sisebenza ngaphansi kwe-imfijoli kahulumeni. Imibuzo eyinhloko ihlolwa ukuthi umuntu ulindele yini ukuba abe wedwa endaweni ehlolwayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, igumbi lomuntu ohlala kulo elisesikhungweni sokunakekela esinde ngokuvamile libhekwa njengendawo elindele kakhulu ukuba umuntu angabonwa, efana nekhaya lomuntu siqu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindawo ezivamile, amaphasishi, namagumbi okwelapha kungathwala amathemba amancane ayimfihlo. INkantolo ePhakathi ye-U.S. inqume ukuthi ukuphenya okungenagunyaziwe kusebenza ngokungakhonziswa ngaphandle kokuba kusetshenziswe (bona [[FLT]]][FLT]]]MP v.][FLT]]]]]). Lesimiso sisebenza ngamandla aphelele ezimweni zempilo.

Yini Inqaba, Futhi Kungani Kubalulekile?

Imvume yokufuna iwumyalo obhaliwe okhishwa umahluleli noma imantshi ogunyaza ukugcinwa komthetho noma izisebenzi ezimisiwe ukuba zifune indawo ethile ukuze kutholakale ubufakazi bobugebengu noma umthetho ongekho emthethweni. Ukuze kutholakale imvume, umceli kumelwe abonise imbangela engaphikiswayo[[[FLT:]] , inkolelo enengqondo, esekelwa ngamaqiniso nezimo, leyo bufakazi buzotholakala.

Ezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa ezinde, izimvume zifeza imisebenzi eminingi ebucayi:

  • Zivikela izakhamuzi ekuzifuneni ngenkani noma ekuzifuneni ngokungenangqondo.
  • Baqinisekisa ukuthi bayolandisa ngokufuna ukwengamela ukwahlulela.
  • Zinikeza isisekelo esingokomthetho sokuphenya, kamuva esingabekelwa inselele enkantolo.
  • Bavimbela izisebenzi zasezikhungweni ukuba zibe izidladla ezingekho emthethweni ezisusela ekuhloleni.

Umbuzo wokuthi ukuphenya “kunengqondo” ngaphansi kweSichibiyelo sesine ngokuvamile uphendukela ekutheni imvume itholakele noma iyasebenza yini. Ukwehluleka ukuqinisekisa imvume uma idingeka kungaphumela ebufakazini obuncishisiwe, ukubekeka isibopho somphakathi, kanye nesenzo sokujezisa izisebenzi zasezikhungweni.

Kunini Lapho Kudingeka Khona Impi Eyingozi Ekwelapheni?

Isidingo semvume sixhomeke ekutheni umuntu uhlolwe kanjani, indawo, futhi usemthethweni ukhona. Ngezansi kunezimo ezivamile ezidinga imvume.

Ukungatshazwa Kwezenzo Zesigebengu

Lapho umthetho usola ukuthi isiguli noma isakhamuzi sihileleke ekuziphatheni kobugebengu − njengokuthola izidakamizwa, ukweba, noma ukuhlasela − imvume ivame ukudingeka ipheshe ikamelo laso, ilocker, noma impahla yaso siqu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma isakhamuzi singayinikanga imvume futhi singabi khona isimo esiphuthumayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma amaphoyisa esola isakhamuzi sasekhaya sasebegugile ukuthi sifihla imithi eyebiwe, ngeke avele avule amadirobho noma amakhabethe ngaphandle kwemvume, imvume yokuphuma kwemithetho.

Ukuhlola Okubangelwa Izimiso

Iminyango yezempilo yoMbuso, iziNkampane zeMedicare & Mdicaid Services (CMS), nezinye izinhlangano zihlola ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nokuphepha nezindinganiso zezinga eliphezulu. Nakuba ukuhlola okuningi kuyizisebenzi futhi kungadingi imvume, ihlola okudlulayo okuvamile[ [ukuhlola]] njengokufuna ubufakazi bokukhohlisa noma ukuxhashazwa kwempahla yangasese]. [FLT][FLT] [FLT]] [ikhara.[FLT:][4], iNkanto ephakeme yayikholelwa ukuthi ukukhankanyiswa kwempahla yomuntu, nakuba kudinga isiqinisekiso esiphansi sesilinganiso.

Ukucwaningwa Kwamagumbi Angabodwa

Igumbi lomuntu siqu lesakhamuzi esinakekeli eside noma esikhungweni sokuhlala liyi-athomogogo ekhaya. Izicelo zomthetho ngaphandle komthetho azinangqondo. Lokhu kuvikela kudlulela kumakhabethe akhiyiwe, amadirowa, namakhabethe angaphakathi ekamelweni. Abaqashwa bangangena ngaphandle kwemvume yokunakekela okungokomthetho (umz., behlola inhlalakahle yomuntu owakhe, kodwa akumelwe basebenzise ukusesha kwamaphoyisa ngaphandle kwegunya elingokomthetho.

Ukucwaningwa Kwezisebenzi Emsebenzini

Izisebenzi ezinakekela impilo zinamalungelo eSichibiyelo sesine, nakuba izinga lesivikelo lingase libe lincane emsebenzini, ikakhulukazi uma isakhiwo sinesimiso esicacile sokuseshwa. Nokho, kuyadingeka isiqinisekiso uma umthetho usebenza − kune-attings umqashi. Ngokwesibonelo, amaphoyisa afuna ikhiye lomhlengikazi lemijovo eyebiwe kufanele athole imvume ngaphandle kokuba umhlengikazi ekhona noma izimo ezingekho.

Ezihlukile: Lapho Inqaba Ingadi

Naphezu kokuthanda okukhulu izimvume, idlanzana elimisiwe livumela ukuseshwa okungenamvume ekunakekeleni impilo nasezimweni ezinde zokunakekela. Izisebenzi zobungane namaqembu awezokuphepha kumelwe baziqonde lezi zindawo ukuze kugwenywe ukwenza ngaphandle komthetho.

Usizo

Uphenyo luvunyelwe uma isakhamuzi noma ummeleli ogunyaziwe ngokomthetho ekhululekile futhi evuma ngokuzithandela. Kumelwe kuvunyelwe ukuba kuchazwe, kuchazwe ngokuqondile, futhi kungaphoqelelwe. Uma isakhamuzi sikhubazekile, kungadingeka ukuba imvume ivele kumandla ommeli noma umgcini. Ama-accerial kufanele abe nezimiso ezicacile zokuthola imvume ebhaliwe yokusesha, ikakhulukazi uma ukuphenya kungahlobene nezidingo zokwelapha ezisheshayo.

Izimo Ezibi

Lapho kunosongo olusheshayo ekuphileni, ekulondekeni, noma ekubhujisweni kobufakazi, ukugcinwa komthetho kungase kwenziwe uphengululo olungenasizathu.

  • Umbiko wesikhali esisekamelweni lesihlala khona esiyingozi eseduze.
  • Izimpawu zokuthi isakhamuzi sizilimaza noma silimaza abanye.
  • Ubufakazi bokuthi ukuvinjwa kwempahla yotshwala sekuzogudluzwa endlini yangasese noma kubhujiswe.

Izinkantolo zihlolisisa ngokucophelela ukuthi uhulumeni unomthwalo wokubonisa ukuthi kwakunezimo eziphuthumayo zangempela nokuthi ukuhlolwa kwazo kwakulinganiselwe ekusingatheni leso simo esiphuthumayo.

Umbono Ongamanga

Uma izikhulu eziqapha umthetho zikhona ngokomthetho esikhungweni esithile (ngokwesibonelo, zisabela ekuceleni usizo) futhi zibona ukuvinjelwa noma ubufakazi obusobala, zingabuthatha ngaphandle kwemvume. Nokho, lemfundiso ayikuthetheleli ukungena esikhaleni ukuze ifune ubufakazi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma iphoyisa lisendlini yakhona ukuze lisize ngesizalo esiphuthumayo esimweni esiphuthumayo esingekho emthethweni futhi lifake imithi engekho emthethweni etafuleni eliseceleni, lokho bufakazi bungasetshenziswa. Kodwa isikhulu asikwazi ukuvala izitsha zokufuna izidakamizwa ngaphansi kombono ocacile.

Ukuhlola Okungagunyaziwe Okunokwaziswa Okufanele

Ukuhlola okuningi okuvamile − njengokuhlola ukuphepha komlilo, ukuhlola kwe-code e-octive yempilo, nokuhlola i-internations, nokuhlola i-"ayidingi imvume ngoba baphethe imvelo kanye nabasebenzisi bezindawo zokufaka imishini baye bavuma ukuthi bayi-insum. Nokho, uma umhloli efuna ukwandisa ukuphenywa ngalé kwalokho okugunyaziwe (umz., ukuvula izakhamuzi ezivalelwe ngaphandle kwesizathu), kungadingeka imvume. Amabhukwana kufanele azi amalungelo awo futhi avumelane nokuhlola okusemthethweni kuyilapho evikela izakhamuzi kunomaphi abaduki.

Ukuhlola Izinkinga Zokuziphatha (Isenzo Esiqinile)

Uma isikhungo sezempilo esizimele noma izisebenzi zaso zokuvikela ziqhuba ukuseshwa ngaphandle kokuhileleka kukahulumeni, iSichibiyelo sesine asisebenzi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi “uphendlo lokuhlola”. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isimiso sasekhaya lasebegugile sivumela izisebenzi ukuba zifune amagumbi okuhlola angekho amathuluzi, lokho kuphenywa akunqandwa yiSimemezelo Sesine esithola imvume efanele ezivumelwaneni zokuvuma. Nokho, uma ukuphenywa kwenziwa eqenjini lomthetho noma ngenjongo yokusiza ekuhlolweni kwezenzweni kwezelele, kungaba “ukuphenya kukahulumeni okudinga imvume.

Izindawo kufanele zihlukanise ngokucacile phakathi kokufuna ukuphepha okwenziwayo nalezo ezicelwa abasebenzi bomthetho.

Ukunakekelwa Okukhethekile Kwenkulisa 76

Izindawo zokunakekela ezithatha isikhathi eside ziveza izinselele eziyingqayizivele ngoba izakhamuzi eziningi azinawo amandla agcwele okwenza izinqumo. Uhlelo olungokomthetho kumelwe lulandise ngokuvuma esikhundleni, ukuqapha, neqiniso lokuthi izakhamuzi kungenzeka ziye zanciphisa ukuqonda amalungelo azo.

Ukuba Nekhono Nokuvuma

Kumelwe kuvunyelwe ukuphenywa othile onegunya elingokomthetho. Kumuntu onesifo sokulahlekelwa ingqondo noma okunye ukukhubazeka kokuqonda, isakhiwo kufanele sithintane nomphathi we-corety we-corecurety, amandla ommeli, noma umnakekeli omisiwe wenkantolo. Uma kungekho muntu onjalo, isakhiwo asinakuvuma ngokuzenzekelayo ngenxa yalowo muntu ophethe uma kuhileleke ukugcinwa komthetho. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umthwalo ushintshela kumthetho ukuze uthole imvume noma ukubonisa izimo ezibonisa ukuthi ukhona.

Imfihlo Yemibhalo Egciniwe Yezokwelapha

Ukuhlola okudlulela emarekhodini ezokwelapha, ulwazi lwezempilo, noma ama-odoli okugunyaza i-project kuphakamisa ezinye izinkathazo zemfihlo ngaphansi kwe-HIPAA nemithetho kazwelonke. Ngisho nangemvume, ukugcinwa komthetho kumelwe kulandele izinqubo ezithile ukuze kutholakale ukwaziswa okuvikelekile kwempilo (PI). I-HIPAAmfisk Relation of PHI imvume yokusabela ekugunyazweni noma ekuhlelweni kwenkantolo, kodwa izinga lokungaqiniseki kokwaziswa okuceliwe kufanele kube nemithetho yokuhlola izivumelwano zempilo eziqinisekisiwe ukuthi ziyasebenza futhi zidonwe ngokungenangqondo.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwendlela Yokuphepha Nemishini Yokungena

Izindawo zanamuhla zokunakekela isikhashana zivame ukusebenzisa amakhamera ahlolayo ezindaweni ezivamile nezimiso zokungena ngogesi ukuze zilandele izingeniso eziseceleni eziphumayo. Nakuba lamathuluzi engasiza ekuhlolweni, adala futhi izinkathazo zomuntu siqu. Kungadingeka imvume yokuthola indawo esendaweni lapho izakhamuzi zilindele indawo eyimfihlo, njengangaphakathi emagumbini angasese noma ezindlini ezingezingasese.

Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yabaphathi Bezokwelapha Nabaqeshi

Ukuze kuvikelwe kokubili amalungelo ahlala khona kanye nobuqotho bamaqembu, zonke izikhungo zezempilo nezikhungo zokunakekela ezinde kufanele zisebenzise izimiso eziqinile nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha. Ngezansi kunemikhuba emihle kakhulu engenziwa.

Yakha Isimiso Sokufuna Esibhaliwe

Isimiso esicacile esichaza ukuthi kungaphenywa nini futhi nini, futhi kanjani, ngezisebenzi zezindawo noma ukugcinwa komthetho. Inqubo kufanele ibhekiselwe:

  • Ongase agunyaze ukuseshwa (ngokwesibonelo, umphathi, umqondisi womhlengikazi, umphathi wezokuphepha).
  • Izimfuneko zokuthola imvume ezakhamuzini noma kubameleli abangokomthetho.
  • Izinhlelo zokubambisana nokugcinwa komthetho, kuhlanganise nesicelo esiphoqelelwe sokuthola imvume.
  • Izindinganiso zombhalo zanoma ikuphi ukuphenya, kuhlanganise nesikhathi, indawo, ukuqonda, nabantu abakhona.

Qeqesha Abaqondisi Bemingcele Engokomthetho

Zonke izisebenzi ezingase zihileleke ekufuneni − kuhlanganise nabahlengikazi, izisebenzi, abaqaphi, nabaphathi-zindawo — kufanele zithole ukuqeqeshwa kwaminyaka yonke ngamalungelo eSichibiyelo sesine, izimfuneko zokuqondisa, nesimiso sesakhiwo. Ukuqeqesha kufanele kugcizelele ukuthi izisebenzi azinakuvuma ku isakhamuzi ngaphandle kokuba zinegunya elingokomthetho, futhi akumelwe zisize ukugcinwa komthetho ngaphandle kwemvume noma ukukhishwa okusobala okungokomthetho.

Bhala Yonke Into

Izincwadi ezibhalwe ngokuphelele zivikela isakhiwo uma kamuva kuphenywa inselele. Amarekhodi kufanele ahlanganise:

  • Isizathu sokufuna (isib., ukukhathazeka ngokulondeka, ukubika ukweba, isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha).
  • Ukuthi incwadi yayitholakala yini noma kwakungeyodwa kwakuncike kuyo.
  • Uma kunikezwa imvume, igama lomuntu ovumayo nobuhlobo bakhe nalowo ohlala khona.
  • Uhlu lwezinto ezithathwe noma ezisusiwe phakathi nokuphenya.

Bheka Iseluleko Esingokomthetho Usheshe Ubone

Uma bengabaza, abaphathi bezakhiwo kufanele bathintane neseluleko sabo somthetho ngaphambi kokuba bavumele noma ikuphi ukuhlola okungagunyaziwe. Izakhiwo eziningi zinendawo eqinile ephuthumayo engokomthetho ngo-24/7 uma kuvela izimo eziphuthumayo. Ukulinda ngemizuzu embalwa ukuze uthole iseluleko esingokomthetho kungcono kakhulu kunokubeka isakhiwo esimweni esibucayi.

Linganisela Ukuphepha Namalungelo

Lo msebenzi ungathethelela ukuphenywa okulinganiselwe ngaphansi kwesimiso sezezikhundla (umz., ukuhlola ikamelo lomuntu wemithi elahlekile engabangela ukulimala). Nokho, ukuhlola okunjalo kufanele kube yindlela encane yokuvimbela ukuphanda futhi kungabi yizaba zokuphenya ngecala. Ukubhala ikhambi lokuphepha kubucayi.

Umthetho Wecala Nesiqondiso Esiqondisayo

Ukuqonda lezi zinqumo kungasiza izakhiwo zivumelane futhi zivikele izenzo zazo.

Lendikimba yomthetho ikwenza kucace ukuthi ibha yokuhlola okungenasiqinisekiso ekunakekeleni impilo kuphakeme. Izisebenzi zobungane kufanele zenze iphutha ekufuneni imvume futhi zifune iseluleko esingokomthetho lapho ukugcinwa komthetho kucelwa ukuba kutholakale.

Imibono Evamile Nezingozi

Abaphathi abaningi bezempilo bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo silawulwa kakhulu, ukugcinwa komthetho kungasesha ngesihle. Lokhu akunaphutha. Ukubuyiselwa akuwachithi amalungelo eSichibiyelo sesine. Okunye okudidayo ukuthi “ukungalungi” ngaso sonke isikhathi kuthethelela ukuseshwa okungenasiqinisekiso. Eqinisweni, isimo esiphuthumayo kumelwe sibe esiphuthumayo futhi singathi sína, ukusola okungacacile noma ukuthakazelelwa akufaneleki.

Izingibe okumelwe uzigweme zihlanganisa:

  • Imvumela amaphoyisa ukuba “adlule” isakhiwo esingenaluphawu - Ngisho nokuhlola amagumbi ngokubonakalayo kungaba uphendlo uma edlula lokho okubonakala ezindaweni ezivamile.
  • Iveza ukuthi ukuvuma izivumelwano kulahla wonke amalungelo ezindaba zomuntu siqu – Nakuba isakhiwo singathola imvume yokufuna izinjongo ezingangeni ngokomthetho, imvume enjalo ayifiki ngokuzenzekelayo ekuqikeleleni umthetho.
  • Ukuphumelela ukubhala isisekelo sokusesha okungenasizathu – ngaphandle kwemibhalo, isakhiwo sizakuzama ukuthethelela izenzo zaso enkantolo.
  • Igunyaza isakhamuzi imvume [ - Uma isakhamuzi sizizwa sicindezelwa izisebenzi noma i-application, imvume ingaba engasebenzi. Ustaff akumelwe nanini asongele isakhamuzi ukuthola imvume yokuhlola.

Isiphetho: Ukuvikela Amalungelo Lapho Ufuna Ukuphepha

Izimfuneko eziqinile ekunakekeleni impilo kanye nezindawo zokunakekela ezinde zokunakekela abantu, ziklanyelwe ukuvikela isithunzi kanye nokufihla imfihlo kwabantu abavame ukuchayeka. Abaphathi be-facel, amaqembu awokulondeka, nezisebenzi zangaphambili kumelwe baqonde uma imvume idingeka, uma isebenza ngaphandle kwesizathu, nendlela yokubhala izenzo zabo ngokufanele. Ngokulandela umthetho nangokuhlola, izakhiwo zingafeza izibopho zabo zokuphepha ngaphandle kokwephula amalungelo emithetho-mthetho. Ukuthatha iziqondiso ezicacile, ukuqeqesha izisebenzi, nokubambisana nomthetho owembula kokubili imigaqo esemthethweni esemthethweni. Khumbula: Ukuhlola okungcono kakhulu kugunyaziwe, futhi kuyagcinwa.