Ihhovisi lomphakathi liphethe isibopho esingcwele. Izakhamuzi ziphathisa izikhulu ezikhethiwe nezisebenzi zomphakathi igunya, zilindele ukuba zisebenzise amandla hhayi ukuze zicebise noma zizuze ngokwezombangazwe, kodwa ngokwenzuzo evamile. Lokhu kulindele kuyisici esiyisisekelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi. Izimiso zomphakathi ziwuhlaka lwezimiso nezindinganiso eziqondisa ukuziphatha kwalabo ababambile lokhu kuthemba. Uma izindinganiso zokuziphatha ziqinile, imisebenzi kahulumeni esemthethweni, amandla angokomthetho, amandla, nokulunga. Uma ziqeda, ukuqiniseka komphakathi kuyawohloka, futhi isisekelo sombuso wentando yeningi siyawohloka. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi kungani ukuziphatha okuhle ehhovisi lomphakathi kubaluleke kakhulu, izinselele ezisongela ubuqotho, nezimiso eziqinile zezimiso zokuziphatha zokulawula izimiso zokwenza imisebenzi.

Indima Eyisisekelo Yezimiso Zokuziphatha Ehhovisi Lomphakathi

Izimiso zokubusa azisona nje imingcele; linamandla alungile awenza uhulumeni uphumelele, ulandise, futhi uthembeke. Ngaphandle kwesimiso esiqinile sokuziphatha, ngisho nezinhlangano ezingcono kakhulu ezisungulwe zingabanjwa yizithakazelo zomuntu siqu noma zonakaliswe ukuvelela komuntu siqu. Ukubaluleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kuxhomeke ezinsikeni eziningana ezihlobene:

  • Thembela kuHulumeni. Ukuthemba kuyimali yentando yeningi. Uma umphakathi ukholelwa ukuthi izikhulu zisebenza ngokwethembeka futhi zinesithakazelo somphakathi, zizimisele kakhulu ukuvumelana nemithetho, ukukhokha izintela, nokuhileleka ekuphileni komphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kwePew Research Center kwathola ukuthi ukuthembela kuhulumeni kuye kwehla kakhulu phakathi kwedemokratismu eziningi, ukuthambekela okuhlobene kakhulu nokuqondiswe ekuboneni ukonakala nokuziphatha okungahlonipheki. Ukuziphatha kwezesayensi kuyindlela eqondile kakhulu yokuvuselela lokhu kuthemba.
  • I-Ethics ifuna izikhulu zomphakathi ukuba ziphendule ngezinqumo nezenzo zazo. Lokhu kulandisa kuphoqelelwa ngezindlela zokubona ngaphandle (njengemihlangano evulekile, amarekhodi omphakathi, kanye nokuvubukulwa kwezimali) okuvumela izakhamuzi nezezenja ukuba zihlole umsebenzi kahulumeni. Uma izikhulu zazi izenzo zazo ziyabonakala, zithambekele kakhulu ekwenzeni ngendlela ehloniphekile.
  • Ihhovisi lomphakathi liyisikhundla senkonzo, hhayi indawo yentuthuko yomuntu siqu. Izindinganiso ze-Equal zihlanganisa lesi simiso, zikhumbuza izikhulu ukuthi zingabaphathi bengcebo yomphakathi futhi kumelwe zihlele inhlalakahle ehlangene ngenxa yenzuzo yomuntu siqu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjengokuthola inzuzo, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa, nomthetho, lapho amathuba okuzisebenzela eyanda khona.
  • [ Ukukhohliswa kokonakala nokusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla. Umbuso ophoqelelwe kahle wezimiso usebenza njengesithiyo. Imithetho ecacile, ihlangene nokuqondisa okuthembekile, yenza kube okubizayo nokuyingozi ngezikhulu ukuba zingene ekufumbathiseni, ekufumbathiseni, ekuboneni imbuyiselo, noma kwezinye izinhlobo zenkohlakalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko elingokokuziphatha likhuthaza ukubika ukuziphatha okubi ngaphambi kokuba kube yisimiso sezimiso.
  • Meritocracy and Fair. umqondisi womphakathi uqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zenziwa ngokwezimiso eziqondile" njengokufanele, umthetho, nobufakazi (hhayi kunokuxhumana komuntu siqu, ukufumbathisa, noma ukukhetha okungokwabezombangazwe. Lokhu kukhuthaza ithuba elingalinganayo, ukuqoqwa kwemithombo yemali, nokuthenjwa umphakathi ezimisweni ezingakhethi zikahulumeni.

Izinselele Eziqhubekayo Ekubuseni Kwamabhizinisi

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezisobala zokuziphatha, izikhulu zomphakathi kuwo wonke amazinga zibhekana nezingcindezi nezilingo eziningi ezingase ziqede ubuqotho, lezi zinselele azizintsha, kodwa ziye zaba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe enkathini yezomnotho ezisemhlabeni wonke, ukuxhumana ngezimiso zobuchwepheshe, nezombangazwe ezihlukene.

Ukungezwani Kwesithakazelo

Impi yesithakazelo iphakama lapho izithakazelo zangasese zesikhulu, ifayinani, i-familial, noma i-"yodwa" zingayithonya ngokungafanele imisebenzi yaso engokomthetho. Lokhu kungaba yisici esisobala njengelungu lomkhandlu elivota isivumelwano senkampani elinayo, noma ngendlela engabonakali njengomqondisi onikeza umqashi othile owayekade ebhalelwa. Ngisho nokubonakala kwengxabano kungalimaza ukwethenjwa komphakathi. Ukulawula izingxabano kudinga izimfuneko eziqinile, izinqubo zokuziphendulela, kanye nokuzihlola.

Ukuntuleka Kokubona Kahle

Uma izinqubo zikahulumeni zifiphele, noma zikhona ekuhlelweni kwemali, noma ekukhishweni kwemithetho noma ekuthengweni kwezindawo, kuba nzima ngezakhamuzi nezintatheli ukubona ukuziphatha okungafanelekile. Izindlela zokubona ngalé kokuhlola, njengezindawo ze-data ezivulekile, ezinemihlangano egcwele, nezikhokhelo ezitholakalayo ezifinyelelwe obala zokunxusa abantu, zingamathuluzi abalulekile. Nokho ohulumeni abaningi basamelana nokucaca, ukuveza ukulondeka kwezwe, ukugcinwa kwezentengiselwano, noma ukuhleleka kwezempathi, ngisho nalapho lezoziqinisekiso zibuthakathaka.

Ukucindezela Okuvela Ezithakazelweni Ezikhethekile Nokuzilibazisa

Abangenisi abami kahle namaqembu esithakazelo ngokuvamile bayakwazi ukufinyelela ngokungenakulinganiswa ekusebenziseni abenzi besinqumo. Lokhu kungaphumela ekuthunjweni okulawulayo, lapho amanxusa okumelwe akhonze isithakazelo somphakathi esikhundleni sokukhonza imboni ayilawulayo. Nakuba ukunxusa kuyingxenye esemthethweni yenkulumo yentando yeningi, kumelwe kube sobala futhi kubekwe imithetho ukuze kuvinjelwe ithonya elingadingekile. Ukuqashwa okungadingekile. . . Lapho izikhulu zithatha imisebenzi ezimboni ezazizilawula khona, kubangela usongo oluthile lokungakhethi nokudala izingxabano zesithakazelo ezingahlala ngaphezu kwesikhathi sesikhulu.

Ukuqeqeshwa Okwanele Nokuqaphela Isayensi

Izikhulu eziningi zomphakathi zingena ehhovisi ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okungokomthetho kwezimiso. Zingase zingaqapheli ukuthi umngcele ubekwephi phakathi kokuphana izipho okwamukelekayo nokufumbathisa, phakathi kokuqapha okungokomthetho nethonya elingafanele. Ngaphandle kokuqonda ngokucacile izimiso zezimiso zokuziphatha nemithetho eqondile esebenza endima yazo, ngisho nezikhulu ezizimisele kahle zingakhubeka. Imfundo eqhubekayo yezimiso zokuziphatha, ehlotshaniswa nemisebenzi eqondile nezingozi zesikhundla ngasinye, iyisici esibucayi kodwa esivame ukuhlelwa phansi kwezimiso zobuqotho.

Izinselele Zobuchwepheshe Nezobuchwepheshe

Inkathi yezimiso ze-minucture idala izinkinga ezintsha zezimiso. Izikhulu zomphakathi kumelwe zisebenzise izindaba eziyimfihlo njengemininingwane, ubandlululo lwemithetho elawulayo ekwenzeni izinqumo zikahulumeni, ukuqapha nge-website, nokusetshenziswa kwezenhlala-khaya − kokubili ngokomuntu siqu nangomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, izigqebhezana zezenhlala-khaya zomphakathi ezingawufiphaza umehluko phakathi kombono womuntu siqu nesimiso sikahulumeni, kuyilapho izigijimi zokuxhumana ezingagunyaziwe njenge-App noma i-Syntap zingadala ukuxoxisana okuvimbela ukuvezana kwemithetho eveza ukukhanya. Izimiso zezimiso azizange zihambisane nalezi zinguquko ezisheshayo.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezombangazwe Nokuncipha KobuNorm

Kuyidemokrasi eminingi, ukuncishiswa kwezombangazwe okujulile kuye kwanciphisa ukunamathela ezimisweni zezimiso ezivamile. Izikhulu zingakuthethelela ukuziphatha okungenazimiso njengokudingekile ekunqobeni abaphikisi bezombangazwe noma ukuqhubekisela phambili imigomo yemibono. Lapho ukwethembeka kwabalwayo kuthandwa ngaphezu kobuqotho benhlangano, abafuyi bempempe kuthuliswa, izindikimba zababonisi ziyadukiswa, futhi ukuphulwa kwezimiso zokuhle akunasijeziso. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba kukwenza kube nokuziphatha okungafanele futhi kwenza ukuphamba okuvamile kube nokwenzeka kakhulu.

Izinyathelo Ezingamangalelayo Zokusekela Ubuqotho Ekubuseni

Ukwakha nokugcina ukubusa kwezimiso kudinga indlela ehlelekile. Akukho mthetho noma uhlelo olulodwa olungaqinisekisa ubuqotho; luwumphumela wesimiso sezinhlangano, imikhuba, nezimiso zempucuko. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zibalulekile.

Imithetho Ecacile Nengaphoqelelwayo Yezimiso Ezifanele

Isigaba ngasinye sikahulumeni kufanele samukele isimiso sezimiso zokuziphatha esinemininingwane ehlela izindinganiso ezilindelekile zokuziphatha, sichaza ukuziphatha okunqatshelwe (isibonelo, ukwamukela izipho, ukusebenzisa isikhundla esingokomthetho ukuze kuzuze ngasese, ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini wezombangazwe ngesikhathi sisemsebenzini), futhi simise imiphumela yezokwephulwa kwemithetho. Lemithetho kumelwe ibe yizincwadi eziphilayo, ezithuthukisiwe njalo ukusingatha izinselele ezintsha, futhi iphoqelelwe yindikimba ezizimele. Izimiso ezinhle ziqondene ngokwanele ukuba zinikeze isiqondiso esicacile kodwa zivumelana ngokwanele ukukhomba izimo ezingalindelekile.

Ukuthola Igebe Elingenangozi Nezimfuneko Zokubona Ingaphandle

Izembulo zezimali zezikhulu zomphakathi ziyisisekelo sobuqotho. Izikhulu kufanele zidingeke ukuba zimemezele obala impahla, iholo, amaphutha, nezikhundla zangaphandle, kokubili ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwazo nangemva kwezikhathi ezithile. Lokhu kuthululwa kufanele kutholakale kalula emphakathini nasemithonjeni yezindaba, futhi kufanele zihlolwe ngekhomishano yezimiso. Ngokufanayo, imisebenzi yokunxusa, iminikelo yomkhankaso, nezivumelwano zikahulumeni kufanele kubhalwe ezindaweni zokusesha, ezivulekile.

Imizimba Ezimele Yokuqondisa Nokuphoqelelwa Kwamandla

Isimiso sokuziphatha esingenakho ukugcinwa kumane nje kungamafasitela. Amakhomishane ezimiso zokuziphatha, amahhovisi e-ombudsman, nezinhlangano ezimelene nokonakala kufanele zibe negunya lokuhlola izikhalo, imibhalo ye-toppoena, ukuzwa, nokubeka izijeziso. Amalungu azo kufanele amiswe ngenqubo engekho yesigaba, avikelwe ekucindezeleni kwezombangazwe, futhi axhaswe ngokugcwele. Izibonelo ezinjenge-Ebiodic Creations Investigation Bureagementary noma i-South Korea’s Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission zibonisa indlela ukuzimela kwezekelo yezenkolo okungabangela ngayo imiphumela.

Ukuqeqeshwa Kwezimiso Zokuqeqesha

Zonke izikhulu zomphakathi, kusukela ezinhlabeni kuya kubaphathi-mthetho, kufanele ziqeqeshelwe izimiso ezizibophayo lapho zimiswa futhi ngemva kwaminyaka yonke. Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kuhlanganise inqubo yokuziphatha, izimo zengxabano, ukubika izibopho, nezifundo zangempela zezendaba. Izindawo zokusebenzela ezifuna izikhulu ukuba zisebenze ezinkingeni zokulawula izimiso zokuziphatha ziphumelela kakhulu kunokufundisana. Umgomo ukuhlanganisa ukuqonda okukodwa ngamathemba angokokuziphatha nokunika izikhulu igunya lokuthi cha uma zicindezelwa ukuba zenze ngendlela engafanele.

Izivikelo Ezinamandla Zokuphehla Izintuthu

Ababhula ngemibhobho bavame ukuba yisivikelo sokuqala sokuvikela ekukhohlakaleni nasekuziphatheni okubi. Nokho abaningi babhekene nokuphindisela (ukuphindisela, ukuhlukumeza, ukuxoshwa, noma okubi kakhulu. Izivikelo ezingokomthetho zidingekile ukuvikela abafuywa ngempepho ekuphindiseleni, kuhlanganise nezindlela zokubika ngokuyimfihlo, namakhambi angaziwa, kanye nemithi enjengokubuyiselwa noma isinxephezelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko esikhomba ukukhuluma kahle, kunokuba silijezise, kumelwe lihlaziywe ngesibonelo sobuholi nezimiso ezicacile. Inhlangano yezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano ze-Cooperation ne- Development (OCD) iye yakhipha iziqondiso eziningi zokufuzwa komsindo ohulumeni abaningi.

Ukuzitika Nokuthuthukisa Okusekelwe Kuyinzuzo

I-patronage ne-nepostation ziphakathi kwezitha ezindala kakhulu zezimiso zokuqondisa komphakathi. Izimiso zenkonzo zomphakathi eziqasha futhi zithuthukise ngokusekelwe ekufanelekeni, ngokuhlola nokuhlola komncintiswano, zinciphisa amathuba okukhetha nokunganyaniseki. Uma izikhulu zikweleta izikhundla zazo ngenxa yekhono kunokuba zixhumene, zithambekele kakhulu ekwenzeni okuthile emphakathini. Ubuqotho kufanele bube yindinganiso ecacile ekubukezeni imisebenzi nasekuthuthukiseni izinqumo.

Ukuhola Kwezitshalo Nempucuko Yezinhlangano

Imithetho nemithetho iyodwa akwanele. Izwi elivela ezintweni eziphezulu kakhulu. Abaholi abalingisa ukuziphatha okuhle, bavume amaphutha obala, futhi bazibekele umthwalo wemfanelo wendinganiso yenhlangano yonke. Izimiso zomthetho kumelwe zihlanganiswe empucukweni yenhlangano ngokuxoxa njalo, ukuqaphela ukuziphatha okuhle, nokungabekezeli ukuphulwa kwemithetho. Lokhu kushintsha kwempucuko kuvame ukunzima ukufinyelela kodwa kuhlale njalo.

Ukuhlola Indaba: Izifundo Ezitholakala Ekwehlulekeni Kwesayensi Nempumelelo

Ukuhlola izibonelo zezwe langempela kuyasiza ekukhanyiseni amandla okubusa kwezimiso zokuziphatha (okubili lapho kuhluleka nalapho kuphumelela.

Ihlanekezelo Lamanzi: Inhlekelele Eyaphoqelela Izinguquko

Inkathi yonyaka ka-1971 yokunqamuka kwe-Damocratic Committee National Committee, kanye nomthetho wesembozo owalandela kaMongameli Richard Nixon, wadalula isiko elibhubhisayo lokuziphatha okungenazimiso emazingeni aphakeme kakhulu kahulumeni. I-Watergate yaholela ekuyekeni kukaNixon nasekushintsheni kwezimiso zokuziphatha eUnited States, kuhlanganise nokusungulwa kweHhovisi likaHulumeni Lesizwe, ukulungisa kwezezimali, ne-Interrobio - Exporactics Acts. Ihlazo libonisa ukuthi ukungalawuli amandla, ukufihla imfihlo, nenkolelo yokuba ngaphezu komthetho kungakonakalisa wonke uhulumeni. Kwabonisa nokuthi amaphepha, amaKhomisha, amaKhosi ehrasi, kanye nelungu elizimele lomthetho womthetho wokuziphatha okubi.

Ukudilika: Izimiso Zokuziphatha Nezobubonisi Bukahulumeni

Ihlazo le-Entron lalingeyona indaba yesikhundla somphakathi ngokuqondile, kodwa ladalula indlela ukuhluleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kwesigaba esizimele okungangena ngayo kuhulumeni. Izikhulu ze-Entron ezihileleke ekukhwabaniseni ngokunemininingwane yokubhalisa, kuyilapho iminikelo yezezombangazwe nezokukhuthaza inkampani yasiza ekuhleleni amandla kanye nezimiso zokulawula ezazuzisa amaqhinga ayo. Ihlazo lagcizelela isidingo sokubusa kwezenkampani okunamandla, ukuncintisana kwezenkampane, nokuqondisa komthetho wendlu ephakathi kwemboni nohulumeni. Yaholela futhi eSarbanes-Oxley Act, eyafaka ukulandisa okuqinile emabhodini enkampani yezempathi yezempathi yezentengiselwano nezikhulu.

ISingapore: Isilinganiso Segolide Esimelene Nezinga Elivamile

Ngawo-1960, iSingapore yayigcwele inkohlakalo. Namuhla, ibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe angonakalisiwe kakhulu emhlabeni nge-Transparency International. Ukuguqulwa kwaqhutshwa izinhlobonhlobo zezici: intando ecacile yezombangazwe ephezulu, ukumiswa kweMicikilisho engonakalisi ezimele ephendukelayo (CIB) kanye nokuncishiswa okukhulu komthetho wokulawula (isimo, ukususwa kwemiholo esemthethweni), iholo eliphakeme lajaji nezikhulu eziphakeme ukuze zinciphise isilingo, futhi isijeziso esinzima sezaphula umthetho. Icala laseSingapore libonisa ukuthi ngisho nenkohlakalo egxilile inganqotshwa ngokuzibophezela okuqhubekayo futhi ihlelwe kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinyathelo Zokulwa Negciwane Muva Muva EBrazil Nase - Ukraine

I-Brazil Observatory Carshay uphendlo, olwaveza izinqubo ezinkulu zokufumbathisa ezihilela inkampani kawoyela kahulumeni iPetrobras neningi lezazi zezombangazwe, zabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba abashushisi abazimele kanye nokubambisana kwezizwe ngezizwe. Nokho, kwaqokomisa futhi ukuwohloka kwemizamo yokulwa nokonakala lapho i-Procratic Car Wash ihlasela abacwaningi. E-Ukraine, ngemva kuka-2014 izinguquko zasungula i-National Anti-Corruption Bureauauniau, ihhovisi lomshushicileli ozimeleyo, kanye nesimiso sezekelo lwezemishini. Nakuba izinselele zilokhu zikhona zihlanganisa ukungenela kwezombangazwe kanye nezinqubo zokwahlulela ezithatha isikhathi esiphansi zibonisa ukuthi izinto zezezezezezezezezomthetho futhi zikhona ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima.

Indima Yokuhola Nokuhlanganyela Komphakathi

Izindlela zokusungula zidingekile kodwa azinele. Ukubusa kwezesayensi ekugcineni kuxhomeke obuntu nentando yabantu ngabanye − kokubili labo abasesikhundleni kanye nalabo ababakhethayo.

Ukulandisa Kwabaholi

Izikhulu zesigaba esiphakeme ezinamathela endinganisweni eqinile yezimiso zokuziphatha zithumela isibonakaliso esinamandla. Zingamelana nesilingo sokusebenzisa isikhundla ukuze zizuze, zenqabe ukucindezela okungafanele okuvela kubantu abanikelayo noma abasizi, futhi ziphikelele ekubonakaleni ngisho nalapho kungafaneleki ngokwezombangazwe. Uma abaholi bebeka ubuqotho, buba umthombo womthetho osemthethweni namandla, hhayi ubuthakathaka. Ngokuphambene, lapho abaholi bedelela obala imithetho engokokuziphatha, babeka isibonelo esibhubhisayo esigculisayo.

Ukuhlanganyela Komphakathi Nomphakathi

Izakhamuzi azizona abantu abangenzi lutho abafuna ukubuswa; bangabagcini bobuqotho abakhuthele. Izindaba ezikhululekile, uphenya, izinhlangano ezingezona ezohulumeni (njenge Transparency International), nezakhamuzi ezivamile ezifuna ukulandisa zibalulekile ukuze izikhulu zomphakathi zibone ukuthi zinecala. Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi ezinqubweni zemali, izintambo zikahulumeni ezivulekile, futhi ukukhononda kwezimiso zezimiso zomthetho kusiza ukuba kugcine ukusabela kukahulumeni. Ubuchwepheshe buye benza ukuba izindlela ezintsha zokuhlanganyela, kusukela ekufakeni izibalo zenkohlakalo ku-inthaneti ezifaka izimpawu zezicelo.

Ukwehluka Kwamasiko Nembulunga Yonke Kwezimiso Zokuziphatha Ehhovisi Lomphakathi

Izindinganiso ze-othemical azikho kuyo yonke imininingwane: zithonywe yizimiso zamasiko, amasiko angokomthetho, kanye nomongo womlando. Ngokwesibonelo, imikhuba yokuphana izipho ingase ihlukahluka emiphakathini, futhi okuwukuphikisana okungamukeleki kwesithakazelo kwelinye izwe kungase kubhekwe njengendawo yokuxhumana evamile kwelinye. Nokho, izimiso eziyisisekelo njengokugwema ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla omphakathi ukuze kuzuze ngasese, ukwenza ngokungakhethi, nokungabekezeli icala.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke nakho kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ukufumbathisa kwezizwe zonke, ukukhokhwa kwemali, kanye nokugwema intela kuvame ukuhilela izikhulu eziphethe izifunda ezihlukene. Ukubambisana kwesiphambano ngemishini enjenge-United Nations Convention emelene noHlozono (UNCAC) kanye ne-OECD AntiBribory Convention ibalulekile. Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezisebenza emazweni anokubusa okungenamandla kumelwe futhi zithathe izimiso eziqinile zangaphakathi kanye nezinhlelo zokubambisana ukuze zigweme ukuhlangana nenkohlakalo.

Isiphetho

Izimiso ezilandelwa umphakathi yindawo yokubusa kwentando yeningi. Ayiyona into yokunethezeka engabekwa eceleni uma kufanelekile, noma iqoqo lemithetho elingashaywa indiva uma iphazamisa. Kunalokho, kuwumkhuba oqhubekayo (isibopho sokukhonza umphakathi ngokuthembeka, ukucaca, nokuziphendulela. Izinselele zinkulu: izimpi zesithakazelo, ukufiphala, ukucindezela okusuka ezithakazelweni ezikhethekile, nokuwohloka kwezimiso zenkathi yokuwohloka kwezindawo kanye nokuwohloka kwamanani. Kodwa amathuluzi okuhlangabezana nalezinselele ayaziwa kahle: iziqondiso ezicacile, ukwelula, ukuveza amehlo, ukuqeqesha, ukuvikela, nokulawula kokuziphatha okuhle.

Ekugcineni, ukugcina ubuqotho ehhovisi lomphakathi kudinga ukuthembisana okunentshiseko kwabo bonke (izivumelwano zemisebenzi, izakhamuzi, imithombo yezindaba, nomphakathi womphakathi. Uma kugcinwa izimiso zokuziphatha, ukwethembana kuchuma, uhulumeni uyaphumelela, futhi idemokrasi iyaqiniswa. Uma idebeselelwa, izindleko azikhona nje kuphela ukulahleka kwemithombo noma ukwephulwa komthetho, kodwa ukuwohloka okujulile kwesivumelwano esibopha abantu kuhulumeni wabo. Isikhulu ngasinye nesakhamuzi ngasinye sinendima ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi lesi sivumelwano siyahlonishwa.