Isisekelo Sezimiso Zokubusa

Izimiso zokubusa ziyisisekelo sokuziphatha sokuqondisa komphakathi nomholi wezombangazwe. Ekujuleni kwayo, ikhuluma ngendlela labo abaphethe okufanele baziphathe ngayo lapho benza izinqumo ezithinta ukuphila kwezigidi. Izimiso zokwethembeka, ukuthembeka, ukubonakala, nokulandisa akuzona izinhloso ezingekho kodwa eziyisidingo esisebenzayo kunoma yisiphi isimiso sombuso wentando yeningi. Uma izikhulu zomphakathi zenza ngendlela esemthethweni, zakha iqoqo lokwethenjwa emphakathini elikwazi ukubusa ngisho naphakathi kwezimo ezibucayi. Inseleleko yokubusa ekhohlakalweni inciphisa futhi ingozi yokonakala, okubiza izigidi zezigidi zezigidi zama - dollar [FLT:] unyaka ngamunye ngokwezilinganiso zezentando yentando yeningi [[FLT:] [FLT]] [FLD]] [11:1]. Inseleleka ekwakhelweni ekwakheni izisusa izisusa izisusa zezikhulu zezikhulu nenhlalakahle yezizwe, isebenza ngenzuzo emiphakathi yezizwe ezindezomuntu siqu.

Izimiso Zesimiso Somphakathi

Izimiso eziningi eziyisisekelo zokulawula izimiso zezimiso zokuziphatha. ifuna ukuba izikhulu zomphakathi zenze njalo ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zazo ezishiwoyo nemithwalo yemfanelo, zigweme ubuzenzisi nezindinganiso ezimbili. ifuna ukuba izinqumo zisekelwe ebufakazini, emthethweni, nasezingeni elifaneleyo, hhayi ebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu noma ebucikweni. [[FLT:]] ukukhohlakala nokubilika [[FLT:] kusho ukuthi izikhulu zimele ukuphendula ngezenzo zazo futhi zivume imiphumela lapho zihluleka. [FLT:] [FLT] [FF:] [5] [ezinye] kunezingamandla amanani asebenzayo] [[FFFM] [FLT] [ezinye]

Isivumelwano Sezenhlalo Nokuthenjwa Umphakathi

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwezakhamuzi nohulumeni wazo busekelwe esivumelwaneni esiphelele sezenhlalo. Izakhamuzi zidela inkululeko ethile futhi zikhokha izintela ukuze zithole izinkonzo, ukulondeka, nomphakathi ohlelekile. Uma izikhulu zomphakathi zihlela inzuzo yangasese ngenxa yesithakazelo somphakathi, zephula lesi sivumelwano futhi zikhuphula ukuthemba okwenza kube nokwenzeka. Ukuthembela kuhulumeni okunciphile ngokuzithoba kwemithetho, kuncishisiwe intela, futhi kuncishiswe isibopho somphakathi esiphansi. Ukuthemba okungokokuziphatha kudinga ukuvumelana nesikhathi, kuhambisana nemiphumela ebonakalayo kulabo abasebenzisa kabi izikhundla zabo. Ukuhlola ngezinhlangano ezinjenge [[FLT:] .[FLT] [FLT1] kuveza ukuthi amazwe abhekwa njengokonakala okukhulu kunciphisakele ekuthuthukiseni kwezenhlalo nezomnotho, ukuwohloka okunzima, ukubangela ukuwohloka okunzima kwesimiso sezentengiselwa.

Impicabadala Phakathi Kwesithakazelo Somphakathi Nokuzuza Ngokungakhululekile

Inselele eyinhloko ekubuseni ikhona ukulawula ukungenwa yinkinga phakathi kokukhonza okuhle komphakathi nokuphishekela izinzuzo zomuntu siqu noma zomuntu siqu. Lokhu kucindezeleka akuyona into eyonakele ngokwemvelo; zonke izikhulu zomphakathi zinezithakazelo ezizimele, njengokuthuthuka emsebenzini, ukulondeka ngokwezimali, kanye nokwethembeka emikhayeni yazo noma ezombangazwe. Izinkinga ziphakama lapho lezizithakazelo zomuntu siqu zivunyelwa ukuba zithathe indawo noma zithonye ngokungadingekile imisebenzi engokomthetho. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezithakazelo zomuntu siqu ezingokomthetho nezimpi ezingafanele kudinga imithetho ecacile nempucuko eqinile.

Ukuchaza Isithakazelo Somphakathi

Isithakazelo somphakathi siwumqondo obhekisela enhlalakahleni ehlangene yomphakathi wonke uwonke. Idlulela ngalé kwenani lezindinganiso ezihlanganyelwayo ezifana nobulungisa, ukulondeka, impilo, imfundo, nokugcinwa kwendawo ezungezile. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yini ehlanganisa isithakazelo somphakathi kunoma isiphi isimo kungaba nzima, njengoba amaqembu ahlukene engase abe nemibono ephikisanayo yokuhle okuvamile. Nokho, indlela yokucabanga ekhethekile egcizelela ukuthatha incazelo elungile, ukuhlanganyela ngokuphelele, nokucabanga ngobufakazi kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinqumo zikhonza umphakathi omkhulu kunamaqembu amancane. Isithakazelo somphakathi sidinga futhi ukucabangela izidingo zezizukulwane ezizayo, hhayi nje inguquko yamanje, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjalo, ukushintsha isimo sezulu, ukuhlanganisa, nokusekela ukulinganisela kobufakazi.

Ukuqonda Inzuzo Yangasese Nezingxabano Zesithakazelo

Inzuzo yangasese ingathatha izindlela eziningi, kusukela ekutholeni imali, ezinzuzoni ezingaqondile eziqondile ezinjengamadumela athuthukisiwe, amathuba emisebenzi esikhathi esizayo, noma izivumelwano kubangane nasekhaya. Izingxabano zesithakazelo ziphakama lapho izithakazelo zomphakathi zinamandla ngokwanele ukuthonya izenzo zabo zomthetho. Ngisho noma kungekho sinyathelo esingafanele esenzekayo, ukubonakala kwempi kungalimaza ukuthenjelwa umphakathi. Izikhulu ezisebenzayo zifuna ukuba zambule izingxabano ezingakahle, zizibuse ezinqumweni lapho zinesigxobo somuntu siqu, futhi zigweme izimo ezibangela ukungaziboni njengezingakhonzi. Intambo phakathi kwezithakazelo ezamukelekayo nezingxabano ayikhanyisiwe njalo, okungakho okubangela ukuba ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwezimiso zomthetho nokwahlulela kubaluleke. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhandlu wedolobha ozisebenzela impahla ekuthuthukiseni isimo sokuzivotela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inzuzo entweni eyenzekayo, noma ingukushintsha ngempela.

Izinkinga Ezivamile Ekubuseni

Izikhulu zomphakathi zibhekana njalo nezimo lapho inkambo efanele yokuthatha isinyathelo ingacaci khona ngokushesha. Kuvela izinkinga eziphazamisayo zomnyango lapho izikhulu zikahulumeni zisebenzisa ukuxhumana kwazo komphakathi ngokwezindima ezizimele, ngokunokwenzeka zihwebelana ngolwazi noma ubuhlobo. [[FLT:] [[FLT]] izimpikiswano zokungenisa izihambi [ [iiiinselele] ezivivinya umngcele phakathi kwemifelandawo evamile nethonya elingafanele. [[FLT:] [[FLT]] isikhulu esiphethe [[FLT:] iphikisana nokuthola inzuzo nokukhushuniswa kwemali. [iiindlela engcono, iyakudinga ukukhokhwakhwasa izingozi [FLT] imposo yomphakathi, noma imposiso esiqinile, uma kudinga ukukhokhwazwa iziqondiso ezingokomthetho ezingokomthetho ezinjalo. [indlela engokomthetho, uma kudinga ukuzama ukukhomba ukukhomba impoza ezingokomthetho.]

Ukuhlola Icala Elingokomlando Ekubuseni Kwezimiso Zomphakathi

Ukuhlola izibonelo zangempela zezwe kunikeza izimpawu ezicacile zendlela amaphutha angenzeka ngayo nokuthi yini engenziwa ukuze avinjelwe. Lezi zimo zembula nobubi besimiso obungalingani nokuziphatha okubi komuntu.

Ihlanekezelo Lamanzi

Ihlazo leWatergate lisalokhu liyisibonelo esichazayo sendlela ukuphambuka kwezimiso zokuziphatha ekubuseni okungangena ngayo enkathazweni yomthetho-sisekelo. Lokho kwaqala ngokuqhekeka kwezehlakalo endlunkulu yeDemocratic National Committee ngo 1972 kwaphenduka ulwelwelwe lwezimpisi, ukuvinjelwa kobulungisa, nokusetshenziswa kabi kwamandla okwathi ekugcineni kwaphoqelela uMongameli uRichard Nixon ukuba ashiye. Lokhu kuhlazo lwalungabhekisi ngokuyinhloko ngokuqhekeka kodwa ngemizamo elandelayo yokusebenzisa izinhlangano zikahulumeni ukuze kufihle ukuhileleka kwesimiso sombuso. Amanzi aholela ekulungiseni inguquko ephawulekayo, kuhlanganise nemithetho yezentethelelo, ukuvikela impepho, kanye nokudala izimiso zezeluleko. Kwagcizelela futhi ukubaluleka kobucukupheli bezembubhini nabezo obuhoshoyo njengesesholo. Isifundo esincane singayenyuka ngokushesha ngokushesha esisezingeni esisezingeni esiphambili ngaphandle kokuba kungene ezimisweni.

Inkinga Yamanzi Empi

Inhlekelele yamanzi iFlint iwucwaningo olubhubhisayo lwento eyenzekayo lapho isithakazelo somphakathi sincishiswa ukunethezeka kwe-bureaucratic nezindleko. Ngo-2014, idolobha laseFlint, eMichigan, laphendulela amanzi alo eFlint River njengesilinganiso sesikhashana lapho kwakhiwa ipayipi entsha. Naphezu kokukhononda okusheshayo kwezakhamuzi ngokubukeka kwamanzi, ukunambitha, nokuhogela, izikhulu zikahulumeni ezisemazingeni amaningi zalulazazaza izikhalazo futhi zahluleka ukuthatha isinyathelo sokulungisa. Izikhulu ze-toms, kuhlanganise nezingane eziningi, ukuveza amazinga ayingozi omthofu nenye okuphathwa ngemithi. Inkinga ayibangelwangangenwanga isenzo esisodwa esingoko kodwa uchungechunge lwezinqumo ezigciniwe emphakathini, ukuncitshiswa ukugcinwa kwezentengo yomphakathi nokungathwa kwemininingwane yemininingwane yomthetho kahulumeni. Izakhamuzi zezengamele ukuqondisa izakhamuzi zezentengo esabe izakhamuzi ezingo.

I - “teapot Dome ”

Ihlazo lika-Teapot Dome lika-1920 liyisibonelo esivelele sokuzuza inzuzo yomphakathi. UNobhala weSizawomu sase-Albert Fall waqashwa ngasese i-U.S. izinqolobane zamafutha emikhumbi yasempi e-Teapot Dome, Wyoming, ezinkampanini zangasese zikawoyela ezishintshana ngemali yomuntu siqu nezipho. Ihlazo eliholele ekutheni intengo yecala ishiye ukufumbathisa futhi liphumele ekukhipheni imithetho enamandla elawula ukulahlwa kwemithombo yomphakathi. I-Teapot Dome ibonisa ukuthi isivikelo sezimiso zokuziphatha kumelwe sisebenze kuwo wonke amagatsha kahulumeni futhi izinzuzo zingavela ngisho nasezindaweni, njengokuphepha kwesizwe, lapho ukufihla imfihlo kungabonakala kufanelekile. Indaba futhi iveza isimiso sokuthi izinto zomphakathi zingabantu futhi ngeke zithunyelwe ezandleni zomphakathi ngaphandle kobucukubusa futhi zingamele ukuncintisana.

Imishini Esunguliwe Yokubusa

Nakuba izindaba zobuntu ngabunye, ukubusa okuqinile kwezimiso zezimiso kwenza ukuziphatha okungamukeleki kube nzima futhi kube nezindleko. Izinhlangano ezisungulwe kahle zingavimbela ukuziphatha okubi, zibone ukuphulwa kwemithetho kusaqala, futhi ziqinisekise imiphumela elinganayo.

Ukubona Ingaphandle Nokuvula Kukahulumeni

Ukubona okuhle kuyisisekelo sokulawula kwezimiso zokuziphatha ngoba kwenza ukuba kuhlolwe umphakathi. Uma izinqumo zenziwa obala, ngokucabanga okucacile nangokokufinyelelwa, kuba nzima kakhulu ngezikhulu ukuba zenze ngendlela engafanele ngaphandle kokuthola. Inkululeko yemithetho yolwazi, izimfuneko zomhlangano, ukuvula izisekelo zomphakathi zemisebenzi yokudlulisa, kanye namatheku e-inthanethi ka-inthanethi ukuze uhulumeni asebenzise konke ukubonakala. Isimiso sibanjwa kuJustice Louis Brandeis ukuhlolwa okudumile kokuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kuyinto eyingozi kakhulu. Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla buye benza ukuba ukubonakala okunokwenzeka kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili, ngamapulatimende evumela izakhamuzi ukuba zikwazi ukuthatha imithetho, ukuhlela izimali, ukuhlelwa kwemali, nokusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela. Nokho, ukubonakala kumelwe kulinganiswe nezidingo ngokusemthethweni ngenxa yezidingo zomphakathi nezindawo ezidumile zomphakathi, futhi kudlulele ngalé kwemininingwane enengqondo, ukuzwa.

Ukulandisa Nemizimba Engaphansi Kombuso

Ukubona qha akwanele ukuba kungasetshenziswa. Amaqumrhu azimele anjengekhomishane yezimiso, imishini yokuhlola, amahhovisi, nezinhlangano ezilwa nokonakala afeza indima enzima ekuhloleni izikhalo zokungalungi nokujeziswa. Le mikhakha kumelwe ibe nemithombo eyanele, ukuzimela ekungeneni kwezombangazwe, negunya lokuphoqelela imibiko nokungena kwezincwadi zomphakathi. Ukwengamela komthetho ngokuzwa nokuhlola kunezinqumo. I-metaci ziqinisekisa ukuthi izenzo zikahulumeni zivumelana nemithetho yemithetho yezomthetho nemithetho yezomthetho. I-akhawunti futhi i-accompliation inweba imiphumela efuna ukuvota: izikhulu ezikhaphela izimali zomphakathi. Izimiso eziphumelela kakhulu zokuziphendulela izinhlelo ezihlukene zihlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokuhluleka ukuphatha enye indawo.

Izivikelo Zokuvuthela

Izivikelo ezinjalo kufanele zimboze kokubili izisebenzi zomphakathi nezisebenzi zomphakathi, zinikeza imishini engaziwayo yokubika imishini yokuzichaza, futhi zihlanganise amakhambi abhekene nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa kungokonyaka ofanayo, ukubhekana nobunzima obungathi sína bezehlakalo ezinjengamaPentagon Papers, iMashest neLoan nkinga, futhi amaphutha ahlukahlukene enkampani abonisa ukuthi izisebenzi zomphakathi ngokuvamile zingabantu abathola ubufakazi bobubi. Ukuvikela akuyona nje indlela yokuthola imiphumela elungile kodwa kuyindlela yokuzilimaza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhomba okuhle okuveza intengo ngomthetho, ukusindisa noLoan monakalo, futhi amaphutha amaningi akhona abonisa ukuthi abasebenzi abangaphakathi bayakwazi ukufinyelela ubufakazi bobubi. Ukuzivikela akuyona nje ingozi empilweni emisha kodwa kulungile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhomba okuhle kumelwe kuvezwe ezikhankalweni noma emfuculweni ezikhwanwini ezingathi neze.

Ukuqeqesha Izimiso Zokuziphatha

Izindlela zokuvimbela zibaluleke njengokuqinisekisa. Ukuqeqeshelwa izikhulu zomphakathi izimiso zokuziphatha njalo kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyaziqonda izibopho zazo futhi zingaqaphela izingxabano ezingase zibe yizinkinga. Imithetho yokuziphatha ecacile elindele izindinganiso zokuziphatha inikeza iphuzu lokuhlola ukwenza izinqumo. Lemithetho kufanele ihlanganise izindawo ezinjengezipho, umsebenzi wangaphandle, imisebenzi yezombangazwe, imingcele yokusebenza ngemva komsebenzi, nokusebenzisa imithombo yomphakathi. Ukuqeqesha kufanele kusebenze, kusebenzise izimo zangempela zasemhlabeni kunezimiso ezifingqiwe, futhi kufanele kuphindeke ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinise izifundo eziyinhloko. Izinhlelo zezimiso zokuziphatha eziphumelela kakhulu zihlanganisa nemithombo yezeluleko oluyimfihlo, ngakho izikhulu zingafuna isiqondiso lapho zibhekene nezimo ezinzima ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuchayeka.

Indima Yezakhamuzi Nomphakathi Wasezweni

Ukubusa kwezikhulu zomphakathi akukhona nje kuphela umthwalo wemfanelo wezikhulu zomphakathi; izakhamuzi nezinhlangano zomphakathi zingabantu ababalulekile ekulondolozeni ukulandisa nasekuthuthukiseni isithakazelo somphakathi.

Ukuhlanganyela Nokuhlanganyela Ngokwentando Yeningi

Ukuba izakhamuzi kuqinisa ukubusa okungokokuziphatha ngezindlela eziningi. Abavoti abanolwazi bathambekele kakhulu ekukhetheni abaholi abamisa ubuqotho futhi balahle labo abasebenzisa kabi izikhundla zabo. Ukuhlanganyela ekuhloleni komphakathi, emihlanganweni yedolobha, nasekuhleleni uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwezinhlelo kuqinisekisa ukuthi imibono ehlukahlukene iyazwakala futhi izinqumo zibonisa ukuthi umphakathi uyadinga ngempela. Ukuthembisana kwakha futhi kwakha inhloko-dolobha nokuthembana phakathi kwezakhamuzi, okwenza ukuba ukubambisana kube lula futhi kunciphe indawo yokonakala. Nokho, isithembiso esinengqondo sidinga ukufinyelela ulwazi, amathuba okungena ekutholweni, nokusabela okuvela ezikhulwini. Uma izakhamuzi zinomuzwa wokuthi ukuhlanganyela kwazo kunganakwa noma kulawulwa, ziba nokungathembeki, kudala ukulahlekelwa okungagcwaliswa okukhethekile.

Imithombo Yezindaba Nezokuhlola

Imithombo yezindaba ekhululekile nezimele iyisisekelo sokubusa kwezimiso. Izintatheli zihlola futhi zidalule ukuziphatha okubi okungase kuhlale kufihlekile. Umbiko wokuhlola uye wavumbulula inqwaba yezenkohlakalo, ukungcola, nokuxhashazwa kwawo wonke amazinga kahulumeni. Ukuncipha kobusangosi bendawo emazweni amaningi kuyindaba engathi sína ngoba kunciphisa ukuhlola okuthi izikhulu zendawo zizakulandisa. Izezindaba zezezezesayensi nezezezakhamuzi zigcwalise igebe, kodwa futhi ziletha izinselele ezihlobene nokungaqondisi kwaziswa okungagunyaziwe, isivikelo esingokomthetho sezindaba eziphambili zezintatheli, nenkululeko eqinile yokwaziswa ibalulekile ekubhekeni umsebenzi olawulwa yizimiso ezibusayo.

Ukubusa Kwabantu Nezinhlangano Zomphakathi

Izinhlangano ezingezizo ezakhiwe ngenxa yokubonana, ukulandisa, nokubusa okuhle kunendima ebalulekile ekuhloleni izenzo zikahulumeni nasekukhuthazeni izinguquko. Amaqembu anjenge Transparency International, iSunight Foundation, nezinhlangano eziningi zendawo ezigade ama-count ziqhuba ukucwaninga, ukumangalela amafayela, ukuqhuba imikhankaso yomphakathi, nokulwela imithetho eqinile. Izinhlangano zomphakathi zingasebenza njengemidanti ephakathi kwezakhamuzi nesifundazwe, zifake izikhambiso neziphetho. Zinikeza nobuchwepheshe nokuqhubeka okungase kuntula uhulumeni ngenxa yokujika kwemithetho. I-galelo-mthetho elihlangene lisebenza ngokwazisa ngomphakathi ukuba lilawule kakhulu kunalezo eziphatha izinhlangano ezigadiwe yize.

Izinselele Zanamuhla Emikhubeni Yokubusa

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe nomphakathi kushintsha, kuba nezinselele ezintsha zokuziphatha ezidinga ukuba kuqhubeke kusetshenziswa izimiso zokubusa.

Ukuzihlukanisa Kwabantu Ngezinombolo Nezilinganiso

Ukwanda kobuchwepheshe bokuhlola kwamanani kuphakamisa imibuzo enzima ngokuphathelene nokulinganisela phakathi kokulondeka nokungafihliwe. Ohulumeni manje banamakhono angenakulinganiswa okuqondisa ukuxhumana kwezakhamuzi, izinhlangano, kanye nama-athom. Nakuba ukuqapha kungaba yithuluzi elingokomthetho lokulwa nobugebengu nobuphekula, futhi kudala izingozi zokuxhashazwa, ukucwaswa, nemiphumela eshaqisayo emazwini. Ukubusa kwezesayensi kudinga izisekelo ezicacile ezicacile ezichaza izinga nemingcele yokuhlola, ukuqondisa okuzimele kwezinhlangano zobuhlakani, nokubonakala kokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhlola. Inhlangano yeZizwe ephakeme ye-Autosts forography igcizelelo awe ukuthi amalungelo ezindabani zomuntu kumelwe avinjelwe enkathini, futhi izinhlelo zokuhlola okukhulu kumelwe zihambisane nezimiso zomthetho womphakathi wezizwe zonke.

Ukuphanga Nemali Yomkhankaso

Ithonya lemali kwezombangazwe liyinselele eqhubekayo yezimiso zokuziphatha. Iminikelo yezenkampano nezindleko zokusekela ithonya elingafanele zingadala umbono, uma kungenjalo, ukuthi izinqumo zesimiso zithengiselwa umxhasi onamandla. Izinguquko ezinjengokuxhasa izimali zomphakathi, imingcele eqinile yomnikelo, ukudalulwa kwangempela kwemali echithwayo yezombangazwe, nokupholisa izikhulu ezazisaqala ukupheka inhloso yokuzama ukunciphisa ithonya elingadingekile. Nokho, ukuphumelela kwalezi zinyathelo kuxhomeke ekuqininini okuqinile nasekuvaleni izikhala ezivumela izinzuzo zomphakathi ukuba zivimbele imingcele. Isimiso somthetho esisemthethweni esikhona siwukuthi zonke izakhamuzi kufanele zibe nethuba elifanayo lokuthonya uhulumeni wazo, kungakhathaliseki imithombo yazo yezomnotho. Ukufeza lokhu kudinga ukuqapha okufanelekile nokushintsha okuqhubekayo njengezindlela ezintsha zokusetshenziswa kwezombangazwe.

Ukubusa Komhlaba Wonke Nezimiso Zokuhlukanisa Izizwe

Izinselele eziningi zokubusa ezingokokuziphatha manje zidlula imingcele yezizwe. Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke, izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke, kanye namaketanga embulunga yonke abangela amathuba enkohlakalo amazwe angenakuyilawula eyedwa. Impikiswano ezinjengokubalekela intela, ukukhokha imali, ukufumbathisa kwezikhulu zakwamanye amazwe, nokuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile kudinga ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke. Imisebenzi enjenge-OECD Anti - Bribribyy Convention, iNhlangano yeZizwe emelene nokonakala, kanye neNhlombe yokukhipha i-Inststrifiction Inkciety imelela intuthuko, kodwa ukugcinwa kwemithetho kuhlala kungenamkhakhakha yomthetho wembulunga yonke kuhilela ukubambisana kwezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke, lapho ukwenza izinqumo ngokuvamile kugcwele amazwe aceliwe. Ukwakha izakhiwo eziphethe umhlaba wonke ezizingalinganayo nezokusetshenziswa kakhulu nezokuhlanganisa i-ctivectiveratic Intelligativential IPrientriction kuveza izinselele zekhulu lokuqala.

Ukwakha Isiko Lobubusi

Ukusekela ukubusa kwezimiso zokuziphatha kudinga okungaphezu kwemithetho nezinhlangano; kudinga isiko elibonisa ukubaluleka kobuqotho futhi elibulindele kubaholi bazo zonke izilinganiso. Isiko lokuziphatha lakhiwe ngesibonelo, ukugcinwa kwezindinganiso njalo, nokuqashelwa komphakathi kwalabo abakhonza ngokuhlukana. Kudinga ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuhluleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka naphezu kwemizamo emihle, futhi ukuthi ukusabela okufanele kungokokufunda emaphutheni nasekuqiniseni izimiso zomphakathi. Ukubusa okungokokuziphatha akuyona indawo okumelwe ifinyelelwe kodwa umkhuba oqhubekayo odinga ukunakwa nokuvusekusha. Isizukulwane ngasinye kumelwe sibuyele ezimisweni ezisenza sikwazi ukubusa ngokwentando yentando yeningi futhi kumelwe sibhekane nazo ngokwaso kanye nezimiso zaso eziyo eziyo. Ukulinganisela phakathi kwesithakazelo somphakathi nokuzinzuzo yomuntu akulungiseki unomphela unomphela unomphela, kodwa umzamo oqhubekayo wokuzigcina kusuke kuhle ekuhlukuhle kakhulu kulabo abakhohlisiwe nakubusa.