Isingeniso: Amandla Abaholi Bendawo Kuhulumeni

Kulelozwe, izindaba zikahulumeni zempumelelo azivamile ukuzalwa emahholo kahulumeni noma emaphasishini aseWashington D.C., baphuma ekuzimiseleni kwabaholi bomphakathi ababona izinkinga ezindaweni zabo futhi benqaba ukulinda ukuba omunye umuntu azixazulule. Laba bantu — kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakhethwa izikhulu, abaqondisi abangazuzi nzuzo, abaphathi abafundisayo, abaphathi bombuso abanobufundisi, noma izakhamuzi ezishukunyiswa yizisusa — basebenza njengesibopho esibucayi phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni nabantu abazikhonzayo. Ngokuqonda izidingo zendawo, ukuhlanganisa imithombo yezimali, nokuhlanganisa izinhlangano zomphakathi, bafinyelela intuthuko ephawulekayo yokuthi izinga lokuphila lithuthuke, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlangano zomphakathi, futhi bavuse ukuthembana kwentando yentando yeningi.

Lesi sihloko sihlola izindaba eziningana ezishukumisayo zempumelelo kahulumeni eziholwa abaholi bomphakathi kulo lonke elase-United States. Indaba ngayinye ibonisa indlela abantu abazinikezele abangaletha ngayo ushintsho olukhulu lapho behlanganisa izimpande eziqinile zamandla ngokubambisana. Ngokombiko we-National League of Cities [, ukuhola komphakathi okuphumelelayo kungezinye zezingxenyana eziphumelela kakhulu zohulumeni bendawo. Ngezansi, sihlola indima abaholi abazenzayo, izinselele abazinqobayo, kanye namasu abenza umsebenzi wabo uphumelele.

Ukuqonda Indima Yabaholi Bomphakathi Kuhulumeni

Abaholi bomphakathi basebenza engqungqutheleni yesidingo somphakathi nesikhundla sikahulumeni. Abaziphathi ezikhethwe njalo — abaningi bayizisebenzi zokuzithandela noma izisebenzi zezinhlangano zendawo. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuhlanganisa amazwi ezakhamuzi, ukuhlanganisa izinhloso ezihlanganyelwe, nokuthatha isinyathelo sokusebenza ndawonye. Abaholi bomphakathi abaphumelela kakhulu banokuqonda okujulile kwemishini yalapha kanye nekhono lokusebenzisa izimiso zezindawo.

Imithwalo yemfanelo eyinhloko ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

  • Ukusekela izihloko zendawo [ — kusukela ezigodini nakukulungiswa kwepaki kuya ezinguqulweni ezikhona kanye nakwezemali yesikole.
  • Imithombo yomphakathi engenisayo njengezisebenzi zokuzithandela, izinto ezinikelwe, kanye nokusekela kohlobo lwebhizinisi.
  • [ Ukubambisana okuhlanganisayo phakathi kwababheki-mali — ukuhlanganisa izakhamuzi, amaqembu angenzeli nzuzo, izinkampani ezizimele, nezinhlangano zikahulumeni.
  • ukuhlanganisa uhulumeni ngokundisa umvoti, ukumisa amahholo edolobha, ukwenza izinqubo zikahulumeni zingene.

Lezindima zibaluleke kakhulu emiphakathini encishisiwe lapho uhulumeni ungase ungabi nobubanzi bokusingatha zonke izidingo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urban Institute[ yathola ukuthi omakhelwane abaholi abakhuthele emphakathini basengozini enkulu yokusekela ukuxhaswa komphakathi ngenxa yemisebenzi yokuthuthukisa. Ngokusebenza njengezindawo zokuxhumana ezithembekile, basiza futhi ukunciphisa i-athority futhi bakhe ukuvumelana ngezinto eziza kuqala.

Izindaba Eziphumelele Zemiphakathi Ezweni Lonke

Ucwaningo olulandelayo luqokomisa indlela abaholi bomphakathi abaye basingatha ngayo izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi — kusukela ekungalondeki kokudla nokuphepha komphakathi kuya ekutholeni imfundo nasekutholeni izinto ezisetshenziswa ngemishini.

Isinyathelo Sokuthatha Isivande Somphakathi: ULoti Ongumbhaceki Waya EHub

Edolobheni eligcwele abantu eMidwest, izakhamuzi zase zishikashikeke isikhathi eside zingakwazi ukuthola imikhiqizo emisha. Ingxenye engenalutho ekhoneni le-Oak ne-Third Street yayisiyindawo egcwele amehlo futhi iwuzibuthe wokulahla okungekho emthethweni. Lapho isakhamuzi esingu-Maria Gonzalez — uthisha osethathe umhlalaphansi nelungu lenhlangano yomphakathi elikhuthele — wanquma ukuthatha isinyathelo, akalindanga ukuba idolobha lingene. Wahlela ukuhlola izakhamuzi ngebhulobhulo-bhulobhu ukuze ahlole isithakazelo egadini lomphakathi.

Ngokusekelwa kokuqala okuvela esivumelwaneni esincane sendawo esingu-R350 esise-Fourcement Fund sedolobha, uGonzalez neqembu lakhe basusa indawo, bafaka imibhede ephakanyisiwe, futhi bamisa isimiso sokuqoqa amanzi emvula. Insimu ngokushesha yakhula isuka kumshayeli omncane yaya eqhutshelwa esikhungoni sokuvikela ukudla esigcwele. Namuhla, lendawo ihlanganisa ikhishi lokufundisa, isiteshi sokufaka umquba, kanye nemakethe yamasonto onke yabalimi abamukela izinzuzo ze-SNAP. Impumelelo enkulu ihlanganisa:

  • Imikhaya ethola imali encane ithengwa ngamakhilogremu angaphezu kuka - 3 000 emifino minyaka yonke.
  • Ukwakha “isikhala esiluhlaza” esincishisiwe samanzi esiphepho ageleza ngamaphesenti angu - 20 endaweni ezungezile.
  • Amashabhu anakekela ukudla, ukutshala, nokubeka imbewu — afinyelela izakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka - 500 unyaka ngamunye.

[[FLT :0] Izifundo zafundwa: Isinyathelo sokuqala saphumelela ngoba uGonzalez wathola imbewu encane enikeza futhi wayisebenzisela ukubamba imali elinganayo evela kuhlelo lwe-Community Development Block Grant yesifundazwe. Ngokwakha iqoqo elikhulu lezisebenzi zokuzithandela, amabhizinisi endawo, nomnyango wepaki wedolobha, waguqula iprojekthi yesikhashana yaba impahla ehlala njalo. Insimu manje isebenza njengesibonelo esifanayo kwezinye izindawo ezibhekene nezingwadule zokudla ezifanayo.

2. Ukuthuthukisa Ukuphepha Komphakathi Ngokugada Nezokuphatha Umphakathi

Edolobheni eliphakathi eNingizimu-ntshonalanga, isibalo sobugebengu bempahla sashiya izakhamuzi zikhathazekile futhi zihlukanisiwe nokugcinwa komthetho. Umholi womphakathi uJames Carter, isikhulu samaphoyisa esathatha umhlalaphansi esineminyaka engu-25 yenkonzo, waqaphela ukuthi amaphoyisa asemaphethe aphezulu ayezoyixazulula lenkinga kuphela. Wasungula uhlelo oluvuselelwe lokugada lomphakathi olwalugcizelela ukwakhiwa kwethemba nokuhlanganyelwa komthwalo wemfanelo.

Carter wasebenza eduze nomnyango wamaphoyisa wedolobha ukuze asungule uchungechunge lwezenzakalo zenyanga zonke “Ikhofi elineKopi” futhi wamisa isihlahla socingo neqembu lezokuxhumana ukuze izakhamuzi zihlanganyele izinkathazo zangempela. Wahlela neziqeshana zokuqeqesha ukuthi zingahlukanisa kanjani izenzo zokusola nokuziphatha okungenangozi, nokuthi zingabika kanjani izenzakalo ngokuphumelelayo.

  • Izinga lobugebengu bempahla lehla nge - 15% endaweni eyayinamacala kuyo.
  • Ukwaneliseka okuhambisana nokusabela kwamaphoyisa kwanda kusuka ku - 52% kuya ku - 78% (ukwaziswa kokuhlola kwasedolobheni).
  • Kwabuthwa okaputeni abathathu abasha bezitini, bandisa isimiso bayisa emigwaqweni eseduze.

Funda izifundo: Isihluthulelo kwakuwukuthembeka kukaCarter njengoyisakhampasi ngaphambili nekhono lakhe lokuhlela uhlelo lokugada njengesivumelwano kunokuba abe ithuluzi lokuhlola. Wathola nezimali ezivela esisekelweni sendawo ukuze alungiselele amabhokisi alungiselelwe amabhuleki namadipi ezisebenzi zokuzithandela. Kamuva umkhandlu wedolobha wabela izimali ukulingisa lo mfanekiso kwezinye izindawo ezimbili eziphezulu.

3. Imfundo Namandla Entsha: Isimiso Semfundo Yangemva Kwesikole

Esifundazweni sasemaphandleni e-Pacific Nyakatho - ntshonalanga, abafundi abaningi basesikoleni esiphakeme babewa ngemva kwemfundo futhi bengakwazi ukuceba. Umholi womphakathi u-Angela Reyes, umama ongayedwa nomnini webhizinisi omncane, wabona indodana yakhe ilwa kanzima futhi wanquma ukwakha enye indlela. Wayesebenza nesifunda sesikole sendawo, umnyango wezesikole wentsha wesifunda, nekholeji lomphakathi ukuba asungule “Impumelelo” ngemva kohlelo lwesikole.

Loluhlelo lusebenza isithathu ntambama ngesonto futhi luhlanganisa ukufundisa ngezibalo nangesiNgisi, kanye nezindawo zokufundisa ukufundwa kwemali, ukubhalwa, nokukhuluma obala. Izikhulu zithathwa emakholijini endawo, ochwepheshe abathathe umhlalaphansi, nabanikazi bamabhizinisi. Loluhlelo lugcizelela ubuhlobo obude: umfundi ngamunye uhlanganiswa nomeluleki wonyaka wonke wesikole. Imiphumela elinganayo ihlanganisa:

  • Ukuhlanganyela kwabafundi kwaphakamisa i - GPA yabo evamile isuka ku - 2,4 kuya ku - 3,1 kuma - semester amabili.
  • Amazinga okuthweswa iziqu esikoleni esiphakeme phakathi kwabafundi bezinhlelo afinyelela ku- 92%, uma kuqhathaniswa nangu - 74% esifundeni sonke.
  • Abafundi abayishumi kulesi simiso baqhubeka beyothola umfundaze ekolishi lomphakathi lendawo.

[[FLT: 0] Ufundiso lwafundwa: Impumelelo yeReyes yavela ekuthatheleni kwakhe okungapheli kubantu ayengaba abangane, kuhlanganise namabhizinisi endawo anikela ngokudla okulula kanye nokudla, kanye nesifunda sesikole esasinikeza indawo yekilasi ngaphandle kwezindleko. Waqeqesha futhi abafundisi emikhubeni yokuhlinzwa, eqinisekisa ukuthi intsha enesifo sokusha yazizwa iphephile futhi isekelwa. Ibhodi lesifunda labaphathi kamuva lafaka umfanekiso elungiselelweni layo lokuthuthukisa ubusha elingokomthetho.

4. Ukutholakala Kwayo Ezindaweni Ezibanzi Ezindaweni Zasemaphandleni

Edolobheni elincane esifundeni sase-Apalachian, ukuntuleka kwe-inthanethi egcwele intuthuko yezomnotho, imfundo, nokunakekela impilo. Unjiniyela othathe umhlalaphansi nelungu lomkhandlu wedolobha uTom Harrison wasungula umzamo womphakathi wokwakha i-fiber optic system. Wahlela uchungechunge lwemihlangano yehholo ledolobha ukuze achaze izinzuzo nezindleko, futhi wasungula ukubambisana okungazuzisi ukuze afake isicelo semali nemali kahulumeni.

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili yokuhlela nokuqoqa imali, inkampani yathola amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-4,8 ohlelweni lwe-USDA’s Rega Ukuxhunyanisana, kanye nemali efanayo evela kuhulumeni. Lo msebenzi wafakwa ifiber engamakhilomitha angaphezu kwangama-30, inikeza amakhaya ayizi-inthanethi ezibizayo ezingu-200 namabhizinisi amancane angu-50.

  • Ukuhambela le ndawo nge - Telehealth kwanda ngamaphesenti angu - 300 phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala zokusebenza.
  • Izinkampani ezimbili ezintsha ezisebenza kude zavula amahhovisi edolobheni, zakha imisebenzi engu - 40.
  • Abafundi bayithola imithombo yokufunda enokwethenjelwa kuyi - Internet, futhi othisha babika ukuthi umsebenzi wesikole waqedwa ngentuthuko engamaphesenti angu - 30.

[[FLT: 0] Izifundo zafundwa: indlela kaHarrison yokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe nobuchwepheshe bezombangazwe. Wakha ukubambisana okuhleliwe nohulumeni wesifunda, owanikela ekusekeleni ubunjiniyela bohlobo, futhi wasebenzisa imithombo yezokuxhumana ukuze agcine izakhamuzi zinolwazi ngazo zonke izinyathelo. Isibonelo sokubambisana saqinisekisa ukuthi i-societhi lihlala lizimele futhi libiza imali etheni.

5. Ukululama Nokubuyela Ekhaya Edolobheni Elisogwini

Ngemva kokuba isiphepho esibhubhisayo sihlasele umphakathi wasogwini engxenyeni yeGulf, umholi womphakathi uSarah Chang wavela njengomhleli oyinhloko. Ikhaya lakhe lalimala, kodwa ngokushesha waqala ukuhlela imizamo yosizo — ukuhlobana kwezisebenzi zokuzithandela nezakhamuzi esezikhulile ezazidinga usizo lokususa imfucumfucu, nokuphoqelela idolobha ukuba limise isikhungo sokusakaza imithombo yemali. Kamuva washintsha lo mzamo owenziwe ngokuthula waba umkhandlu womphakathi ozinzile.

Lomkhandlu wasungula icebo lenhlekelele elilungiselelwe ngokwezidingo ezikhethekile zomphakathi, kuhlanganise nesimiso sokuxhumana esinamandla ebhethri, ibutho lezisebenzi zokuzithandela lokuqala ngokuqeqeshwa okuyisisekelo kwezokwelapha, kanye nesivumelwano sokusizana namadolobha angomakhelwane. Imiphumela ngemva konyaka:

  • Isilinganiso sesikhathi sokusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo esikhathini esizayo sehla kusukela emahoreni amane kuya emizuzwini engu - 45.
  • Ukuhlanganyela ekuhlinzeni okuphuthumayo kwanda ngokuphindwe kayishumi.
  • Lomkhandlu wasiza leli dolobha ukuba lithole amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu - 1,2 e - FEMA ukuze kutholakale izakhiwo ezihlala njalo ezithuthukisiwe.

Umfundi wafunda: umholi kaChang waphumelela ngoba wahlala egxile ekuzinzeni isikhathi eside kunokulungisa isikhathi esifushane. Wayesebenza eduze nehhovisi lokuphathwa kwedolobha futhi wabhala zonke izinyathelo ukuze isibonelo sifaniswe kwezinye izigungu. Indaba yakhe yacashunwa kukuhlolwa kwezenhlekelele FEMA ezimpandeni eziphekiwe zotshani.

Izinselele Ezivamile Abaholi Bomphakathi Ababhekana Nazo

Naphezu kwemiphumela evusa amadlingozi engenhla, abaholi bomphakathi babhekana njalo nezithiyo ezinkulu. Ukuqaphela lezi zinselele kubalulekile kunoma ubani ofisa ukuphumelela njengalezi mpumelelo.

  • Imali exhasayo nemithombo yemali:[ Izindlela eziningi ziqala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali. Abaholi kumelwe bafake izimali amahora amaningi kakhulu angakhokhelwa futhi ngokuvamile bathembele ezinkokhelweni ezincane noma emalini yabo siqu.
  • Ukumelana nohulumeni wendawo noma abaxhasi: umbutho wobuButho bama-univaler, izinto eziphambili ezincintisanayo, noma ukuphikiswa kwezombangazwe kungavala ngisho nemisebenzi ethembisa kakhulu.
  • Ukuhlanganisa amalungu omphakathi: ukunganaki, ukutubeka, nezimiso eziphikisanayo kwenza kube nzima ukusekela ukuthembisana kokuzithandela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
  • Ifeza imithwalo yemfanelo eminingi:[ Abaholi abaningi bomphakathi basebenza, banakekele imikhaya, futhi banakekele izibopho zabo siqu lapho behola imisebenzi.
  • I-burnout nokuntuleka kokusekela kwenhlangano: ngaphandle kwecebo elicacile lokulandelana, ukuhamba komholi wesihluthulelo kungakhuphula iminyaka yomsebenzi.

Le migoqo ayiyona into enganqotshwa, kodwa idinga amasu ahlosiwe — futhi ngokuvamile inguquko endleleni izinhlangano zikahulumeni ezisebenzelana ngayo nezisebenzi zomphakathi zokuzithandela.

Izabelo Zokulingiswa Kwabaholi Bomphakathi Ukuze Baphumelele

Njengoba zithathwe ezindabeni ezivezwe yimpumelelo nakucwaningo olubanzi, lezi zinqubo ezilandelayo zingasiza abaholi bomphakathi ukuba banqobe izithiyo futhi bafinyelele ithonya elihlala njalo.

  • Yakha ubuhlobo obuqinile nezikhulu zikahulumeni zendawo kusenesikhathi. ufike emihlanganweni yedolobha, uzethule kubaholi beminyango, ucele iseluleko. Lobu buhlobo bunikeza ukusekela kwesikhathi esizayo lapho udinga imvume, imali, noma izivumelo.
  • yenza i-spect ecacile kanye nemigomo engenakulungiseka. Imiqondo eyingozi ayivamile ukukhanga izimali noma izisebenzi zokuzithandela. Bhala iprojekthi yephepha elilodwa ngezindawo ezithile (umz., “susa ukungalondeki kokudla nge 10% eminyakeni emibili”.
  • Sebenzisa imithombo yezokuxhumana nemithombo yezindaba yendawo ukuze ikhulise ukuqaphela. Iqembu leFacebook noma ikhasi elisesiteji lingathola izisebenzi zokuzithandela, zifake iziseshi, futhi zigubhe. Amaphephandaba nezindawo zomsakazo ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izinyathelo zomphakathi uma usondela kuzo nge-engile ecindezelayo.
  • [ Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi ngezenzakalo nangezimo. Ungamemezi nje uhlelo lwakho — mema ukufakwa. Iziqephu zokulalela abathumbi, sebenzisa ukuhlola kolayini, futhi udale amakomiti okuqondisa anika izakhamuzi ubunikazi bangempela.
  • Funa ukuqeqeshwa nokusekelwa ngokwakha ikhono. Izinhlangano ezinjenge [[[FT:2] Imisebenzi e-Melika [ neyasendaweni yeUnited Way inikeza amashadi enkululeko kukuphathwa kwenzuzo, ukunikeza, kanye nokubusa kwebhodi.
  • Akha inqubo yakho bese uhlanganyela indaba yakho. Bhala umqondisi olula osekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho, noma unikeze imiphumela yakho emhlanganweni wedolobha. Lokhu akuqinisekisi impumelelo yakho kuphela kodwa futhi kushukumisela abanye ukuba benze okuthile.

Isiphetho: Ukwanda Komphumela Wabaholi Bomphakathi

Izindaba zikahulumeni zempumelelo ezivezwa lapha zihlangene ngentambo efanayo: ngayinye yabangelwa umholi womphakathi owayekholelwa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezivamile zingathonya imiphumela yomphakathi. Kusukela ezingadini zasezindaweni ezingenalutho kuya ezinhlanganweni zemicu emagqumeni, lemisebenzi ibonisa ukuthi ukuhola kwendawo — okuhlangene nokubambisana okuhlelekile — kungaveza imiphumela elingana nanoma isiphi isimiso esiphezulu.

Kodwa akukho mholi ongakwenza lokhu yedwa. Impumelelo ehlala njalo yileyo eyakha izakhiwo zokuhlanganyela okuqhubekayo, iqeqeshe isizukulwane esilandelayo sabaholi, futhi yakhe ubuhlobo obusekelayo nezinhlangano zikahulumeni. Uma umphakathi wakho unenkinga elindele ukuxazululwa, isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuqala manje. Qala ngengxoxo nomakhelwane, ukuvakashela ihholo ledolobha, noma umsebenzi omncane womshayeli. Indaba yempumelelo yakho ingaba isikhuthazo kumholi womphakathi olandelayo.

Ukuze uthole isiqondiso esengeziwe ngendlela yokuqala, hlola imithombo evela ku- Civic Accement Center noma i-Towns [ amathuluzi asebenzayo okuvuselela izimpande zotshani.