Isici Sokuzinziswa Kwezinga Likahulumeni

Ohulumeni basendaweni ekhethekile endaweni ezungezile. Bangabathengisi abakhulu bamandla, abaqondisi bemikhumbi emikhulu yezimoto, abaphathi bezindawo ezinkulu zezindawo, kanye nezinjini ezinamandla zemisebenzi yezezomnotho. Ukuhlelwa kwezindawo zendawo ezungezile okuhlangene kwemisebenzi kahulumeni . "izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izakhiwo zokuqondisa, amayunivesithi, imigwaqo emikhulu, nokuthutha komphakathi. Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kushesha futhi kulindelwe umphakathi, iminyango yombuso inyakaza ngaphandle kwezimpawu zezimpawu zokuthola inqubo, i-data-driven yendlela yokunciphisa ithonya layo endaweni ezungezile. Lokhu kushintsha akuwona nje umsebenzi owenziwayo ekuvinjweni; kumelela ushintsho oluyisisekelo oluveza ukulondolozwa komphakathi, ukuthemba umphakathi, nokuhlanganisa i-producestion elungele ukusetshenziswa kweqembu lomphakathi.

Izinga lokusebenza kwezendawo ezungezile liyashaqisa. Ngokwe-U.S. Ezenhlalo yokwaziswa, isifundazwe nohulumeni bendawo ndawonye baveza cishe amaphesenti ayi-13 okusetshenziswa kwamandla engqikithi ye-U.S.. Lapho befaka inzuzo yokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, isizukulwane sokuchitha udoti, kanye nokukhishwa kwemishini yokuthutha, umthwalo wendawo ezungezile umkhulu. Nokho, lesi sikali futhi sinikeza ithuluzi elinamandla lokushintsha. Ngokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yabo, ohulumeni bombuso bangabonisa ukusebenziseka kobuchwepheshe, isidingo sobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile, futhi badala izimakethengiso zemikhiqizo ehlanzekile nemisebenzi egciniwe. Izindlela ezichazwe kulesi sihloko ziveza imikhuba engcono kakhulu eholayo eholweni enqamula izwe.

Amandla: Isisekelo Sezitho Ezikhipha Isikhumba

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla − ngokuphindwe ka-(kusuka kugesi nasegesini engokwemvelo esetshenziswa ezakhiweni − kulokhu kungumthombo omkhulu kakhulu wegesi ekhishwayo kohulumeni abaningi bombuso. Ukulungisa lesi sigaba kudinga indlela esetshenziswayo ehlanganisa ukutholakala kwamandla ahlanzekile, ukuphumelela okukhulu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimiso zokulawula ezihlakaniphile.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla Okuvuselelwa Nesizukulwane

Izwe lisebenzisa amandla avuselelwayo njengendawo ekhona etholakalayo ephakathi kunokuthengwa kwengxenye ekhona. Izivumelwano ezinkulu zesilinganiso samandla zivumela amazwe ukuba afake ugesi ozinzile, owehlayo ovela emoyeni nasemapulazini elanga kuyilapho esekela amandla amasha. Izifunda eziningi ziye zafaka amakhabethe e-photovoltaic ophahleni, ama-partopic, ama-calopic, kanye nezindawo ezinkungu. Ezinye zihlola umphakathi izikhokhelo zamandla angaphandle kanye namandla okuthenga izivumelwano zokwandisa izinzuzo zezindawo ezincane. I-National Rereodiatentification Energy Laboration (NRE) inikeza usizo lwezobuchwepheshe ekudluliseni lezivumelwano, zihlola izindleko ezihlala isikhathi eside nezokuncitshiswa kwecarbon.

Ngalé kwe-lar kanye nomoya, izifunda eziningana zifaka imali empompini yokushisa nokupholisa yomhlaba oshisayo ukuze zifudumeze, izimiso ze-biomas zezindawo zasemaphandleni, nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo obunjengamangqamuzana kagesi we-hydrogen ukuze athole amandla okusekela isisekelo. Lokhu kutshala kuqiniswa ngemishini yentela kahulumeni futhi kunikeze izinhlelo ezitholakala nge-Energy ̱ i- State Energy Program. Isakhiwo sehhovisi likahulumeni esisebenza ngokuvuselela i-carbon print nge-60-80% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezihlangene nge-optic syst.

Ukwakha Amandla Anele

Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamandla ezakhiwo ezikhona kumelela okunye kokubuyisela okungako kakhulu okukhona kohulumeni. Ukufakwa kwamandla ajulile . Kuhlanganise nokukhanyisa okukhuphukayo, ukubuyisela i HVAC, ukuphumelela kwesakhiwo okuphambili, nokushintsha nokushelela okuhlakaniphile kunikeza u-20-40% ekuncipheni amandla asetshenziswayo. Amahhovisi amaningi ombuso asungule ukukhokha imali emali ebolekwayo esetshenziswa ekusebenziseni imali esebenzayo, ivumela izinhlelo ukuba zibe yizenziwa inzuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinhlelo zokuziphatha zinendima futhi. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokufaka izinzwa zokuhlala, ukulungisa iziteshi zokushisa, nokusebenzisa umshini wokufaka iprogreme zingaveza izimali ezinkulu ngaphandle kwezindleko zokufa. I-Nvironmental Protection Agency ’ uhlelo lwe-Energy Star lunikeza amathuluzi okuphawula amathuluzi kahulumeni avumela izakhiwo ukuba zilandelele ukusebenza kwezakhiwo zontanga, ukuhlukanisa abasebenzi abangaphansi, nokutshala izimali eziphambili. Izwe elinjengeCalifornia kanye ne-New York liye labeka izisulu eziphambili zokwakha izakhiwo ezintsha ezizimele zikahulumeni ukuze kufinyelele izinga lamandla emfuculweni ye-nethi phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezalandela.

I - GRIP Ehlakaniphile Nezindlela Zobuchwepheshe Ezilinganiselayo

Ukuhlola kwamandla angempela esikhathini kuye kwasuka ekunethezekeni. Ukugada izakhiwo ezingaphansi kanye nezimiso ezithile ezakhiweni kuvumela amamenenja ezakhiwo ukuba aqaphele izakhiwo ezizimele, ahlele izinhlelo zokuzilungisa, futhi aqinisekise ukuphikelela kwemali egcinwe ezinyangweni zempumelelo. Amapulatifomu awezokuqondisa amandla ahlanganisa imininingwane ezinto ezifudumezayo, zokungenisa umoya, zokukhanyisa, nokuvula imishini ukuze enze imisebenzi esheshayo. Ohulumeni abambalwa bombuso baye bathatha iziqondiso ezibophakele izakhiwo zomphakathi, ukunyathelisa imishini yokusebenza amandla ngokucace kakhulu ukuze bakhuthaze intuthuko eqhubekayo.

Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi: Ukuya Ngalé Kwamachibi

Imisebenzi yoMbuso ikhiqiza imfucumfucu eqinile eningi kakhulu — kusukela ephepheni elisehhovisi nasezindaweni zokudlela kuya ekwakheni imfucumfucu nemishini kagesi ephelelwe isikhathi.

Ukuphinde Ubambe Ibhande Eliqinile Nokuhlanganisa

Izinhlelo zokuthatha i-teaste ziyanda ekuncipheni kwesilinganiso sombuso. Izinhlelo zokuhlukanisa i-methane encitshisweyo, izinto ezifakwa entweni, nezinto ezivalelwe endaweni ezungezile ezisetshenziswayo ezisemthonjeni. Ukufakwa kwemfucumfucu yokudla ezindlini zokudlela eziqedweni zomphakathi kanye nemfucumfucu yokulungisa ibalazwe inciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-methane ngaphandle kwenhlabathi ngokukhiqiza inhlabathi ngokulungisa i-paki nemithombo yemigwaqo. Ukuncintinga okubangelwa yimishini yokuhlola indawo ezungezile kuyasiza ekuboneni amathuba enzisaneni nokulinganisela intuthuko. I-oregon neVremont i-od i-station yemisebenzi kahulumeni yokulungisa i-octivesss, ukuveza amazinga okusebenza kokulungisa i-mfafa enhlabathini engcono kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala.

Ukusebenza Okungenaphepha Nokushintsha Kwezinombolo

Ukuhlelwa kwemikhankaso kahulumeni kunikeza indlela enamandla yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwephepha. Imishini yokugunyaza, ukusayinwa kwemishini, ukufakwa kwe-inthanethi, kanye nezimiso zezincwadi ezisekelwe emafwini kuye kwasusa izigidi zamaphepha minyaka yonke ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni. Ngaphandle kwenzuzo eqondile yendawo ezungezile evunwayo futhi incishiswe amandla amancane ekukhiqizweni kwephepha. /Izikhungo zomsebenzi zithuthukisa ukuphumelela nokutholakala kwezakhamuzi. Izezimali ezishintshela ekusebenziseni imishini yezemishini yobuchwepheshe ezisebenza futhi zikhokhele izindleko. Izinhlangano zemithombo yemali zisebenzisa inzuzo yephepha ebhodini ekhasekwenzweni nakuqondiseni umsebenzi wokwenza inciphise imithwalo encishisiwe lapho zisekela umsebenzi ekude.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinto Ezimbaxa - ntathu Nezinto Ezibonakalayo

Ukuvimbela ukulahlwa kuqala ngezinqumo zokuthenga. Amahhovisi okuthenga amahhovisi oMbuso achaza imikhiqizo ebhalwe ngokungaphezulu, egcwele amapakethe amancane, nomklamo wokususa. Umqondo wokulondoloza umnotho wesiyingi (_izinto zokugcina izinto ezisetshenziswayo) ezisetshenziswayo ngenani eliphezulu kakhulu, imishini yempahla, ihhovisi, nemishini yobuchwepheshe. Ukuyeka ukuphathwa kwendlela yokulawula ukuphila, kuhlanganise nomkhiqizi othatha izinhlelo zemishini kanye nokhaphethi, ukukhushulwa kweminyango encibilikayo nokuqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa okufanelekile kwemisebe ye-mongokwayo. I-U.S. Isimiso sezokuvikela i-Nkakhulu lendawo ezungezile sinikeza iziqondiso zokusetshenziswa kwempahla ye-Procha elungiselelweyo elungiselelweyo.

Ukuvuselela Indiza: Izinto Zokuhamba Nezimpi

Imikhumbi yempi kahulumeni − kuhlanganise nokugcinwa kwezimoto, amaloli okulungisa umthetho, amabhasi okuthutha, kanye nama-sedan athwala abantu — kumelela umthombo obalulekile wegesi eshisayo ekhipha ugesi nokungcola komoya. Ukushintshela lezimoto kubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza kuyinqubo ebonakalayo nenemiphumela.

Ukutholwa Kwabantwana Ngogesi

Izimoto zikagesi zebhetri ziye zavela njengobuchwepheshe obuthandwayo bokubuyisela imikhumbi yempi ehamba ngesivinini sokukhanya. Izindleko eziphansi zokuphehla uphethiloli nokulungisa, zihlangene namanani emoto enciphayo, zenza ingqikithi yezindleko zokuphatha izimoto zincintisana nezinye izinto ezingaphakathi. Izifundazwe eziningi ziye zamisa imiyalelo edinga amaphesenti akhethekile ezinto ezintsha ezithengwayo ukuze zibe yize. Ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo zokusekela izakhiwo zezemisebenzi ephezulu kufana nesidingo esifana nesokubekwa kwezindawo ezisemgangathweni ezimbili ezisebenzayo nasemaphasemigwaqweqweni aphezulu. Ezinye izifunda zifuna izimoto zikagesi ezihambayo ezihambayo, kuhlanganise namabhasi esikole okuhambisa imoto, amalolishi, ukuqoqwa kweminyango e-Calswageactive ne-Reduction Act.

Izinhlelo ezikhethekile lapho amabhande asetshenziswa khona asebenza khona, izifundazwe zihlola i-unig-droid e-injini kagesi exubile, izimoto zamangqamuzana kaphethiloli, kanye nezixube zika-diesel ezivuselelwayo. Ukusebenzisa imikhumbi yempi (imishini) ukuhlanganisa imishini edinga izindleko zangempela zezethumbu nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ama-Telematic ahlola imoto esetshenziswayo nesikhathi sokungasebenzi, okwenza ukuba abaphathi baqede izimoto ezisetshenziswayo futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle.

Izinzuzo Zomsebenzi NezoMphathi - mandla

I-offae communiting yakha ingxenye enkulu yenzuzo kahulumeni yokuthutha ezindaweni ezihambayo ngaphambi kobhadane. Ukusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi ekude nexubile kuye kwayiguqula unomphela lendawo. Izifundazwe eziphambili ezicabangelayo zisebenzisa izimiso ezinciphisa izimoto ezihambayo lapho zinakekela umkhiqizo. Labo abafuna ukuba khona kwemishini ephumayo bafaka imali ezisebenzini: iziteshi ezihambayo, izinhlelo ze-vanool, inqoloba elondekile, nezindawo zokugeza ibhayisekile ezisebenzayo. Amanye amazwe aye asebenzisa izinhlelo zokupaka izimoto ezihamba ngemishini engaphandle kwezinhlelo, avumela izisebenzi ukuba zikhethe inani lendawo yazo yokupaka ekhokhelwa intela noma inzuzo ye-transi. Lezi zinyathelo azinciphisi nje kuphela izindleko zokuthutha izimoto ezibiza imali.

Ukuhlela Izinto Ezidingekayo

Izinqumo zezenguquko zezenguqu zithatha isikhathi eside zithatha imiphumela yendawo ezungezile. Iminyango yezokuhamba ihlanganisa ukugcinwa kwemingcingo ehambisana nokwakheka kwemisebenzi nokukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo. Imithetho yemigwaqo ephelele ehlalisa abahamba ngezinyawo, abasebenzi bebhayisekili, nabasebenzi bemibhoshongo ekhishwe ezindaweni ezihlukene iba yizincazelo ezivamile. Ukuguqulwa kwezibani emgwaqweni kuye kwanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhanyisa umgwaqo ngamaphesenti angu-50-70 ezindaweni eziningi. Izimiso eziphelele zemigwaqo ezihlalisa abahamba ngezinyawo, abagibeli, nabasebenzisi bemoto banciphisa igesi ngesilinganiso esincane ngesilinganiso se-patrota phakathi kwesikhathi eside.

Ukwelashwa Okunesimiso Sokuzinakekela Njengesimiso

Amahhovisi okuthola amahhovisi ezwe anethonya elikhulu emabhizinisini ngokuthenga kwawo. Ngokuzinzisa izimpawu zendawo ezungezile ekuceleni iziphakamiso nezivumelwano, imibuso ingaqhubekisela phambili imboni ethuthukiswayo ngesikhathi ifeza imigomo yayo eqinile. Indawo ezungezile ikhetha izinhlelo zokuhlela imikhiqizo ngengxenye yesithathu ye-eco alpecters njenge Energy Star, EPEAT kumaelectal, Green Seal ukuze kuhlanzwe imikhiqizo, ne-Foldtarch Council yemikhiqizo yamapulangwe. Izindleko zokuphila ziyanda ukuhlolwa (hrather) kunokuqhathaniswa kokuqala okulula kokulinganisela inzuzo yezentengo yemali ne-endawo ezungezile eqinile, ephumelelayo, nemikhiqizo elungisayo. Izizwe eziningi ziye zamukela imingcele yemisebenzi kahulumeni yokulungisa ipulasitiki eyodwa, ukufakwa esikhundleni semikhazawothi elinciphelo ngemisebenzi encibilikisiwe noma i-okanye.

Ukulondolozwa Kwamanzi Nokulawulwa Kwamanzi Anesiphepho

Izindawo eziningi zikhathazekile kakhulu ngokuntula amanzi nokungcola kwamanzi okubangelwa yisiphepho. Izindawo zikahulumeni, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinezindawo eziniselwayo kanye nendawo enkulu engangenwa yilutho, zingafaka kakhulu kulezinselele. Izilinganiso zokulondolozwa kwamanzi zihlanganisa ukufakwa kwezimo eziphansi zesomiso, isomiso sesomiso, izimiso zokukhanyisa amanzi emvula, imishini yokunisela amanzi emvula, kanye namanzi ampunga asetshenziswayo. Amagumbi aluhlaza aluhlaza (Greenlands , izakhiwo zemvula, kanye nezindlu eziluhlaza zotshani) nezingamanzi ancibilikayo aphumayo, ithuthukisa izinga lamazinga lesiqhingi esishisayo, futhi i-U. i-S. i-Previdualvition’s Agency inikeza uhlelo lwe-ccondation newlingsting amathuluzi okusiza abaphathi bezindawo zokugcinwa kwezindawo. Entshonalanga, lapho i-United States, lapho izimo zesomiso yamanzi zihlala khona, kuyimfuneko ezindaweni ezingoko zezindawo ezingoko.

Izakhiwo Eziluhlaza Nezinsimbi Zokwakha

Uhlelo lokwakha, ukwakhiwa, nokusebenza kwezakhiwo kunikeza amathuba aphawulekayo okuthuthukisa indawo ezungezile. Izakhiwo eziningi zidinga izakhiwo ezintsha ezitsha ezizilwe uhulumeni ukuze zifinyelele isiqinisekiso ngaphansi kwe-U.Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environment Dified (LED) uhlelo olufanayo noma uhlelo olufanayo. Lezi ziqinisekiso zokukhetha indawo, ukuphumelela kwamanzi, amandla, amandla okusebenza, ukukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo, izinga lendawo ezungezile, kanye nezakhiwo ezintsha. Ukulungisa izakhiwo ezikhona ukuze kuhlangane nezindinganiso eziluhlaza zibaluleke ngokufanayo. Amandla angaphakathi ahlangene nezingangeni lokulondolo, ukukhucutha, nokunciphiswa kwezinto eziveza inzuzo, izindleko ezingcono kakhulu zemisebenzi kuyilapho izindleko zokusebenza. Izinhlangano ze-Arechiomsworder Administration nezinye izinhlangano zezindawo zombuso zamazwe ezingoko zomphakathi zithuthukisa kakhulu isimo sawo.

Ukuhlanganyela Emsebenzini Namasiko Okuhlela

Ubuchwepheshe nenkambiso iyodwa ayinakufinyelela izinhloso zokuzigcina ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo emsebenzini. Izinhlelo zezisebenzi ezifundisa, ezinika amandla, futhi ezinika amandla abantu ukuba basebenzise ukuziphatha okungaguquguquki zibalulekile. Amakomiti aluhlaza-oglone [1] asebenza ngokuzithandela njengezinto ezibangela ushintsho, ukuhlela ukuncishiswa kokuncishiswa kwemfucumfucumfucu, izinselele zokulondolo, nokuhlelwa kokuthuthukisa amandla amandla. Ukuqashelwa nokukhokhwa kwezinhlelo ezisekelayo kuhalalisa iminikelo evelele. Ukuxhumana okusobala kolwazi lwendawo ngemibhoshongo nemibiko egciniwe kwakha isibopho sakha ukulandisa nokuqhosha. Amanye amakomiti anezingasimemezelo ahambisana nokuncitshiswa kwemisebenzi yezisebenzi, izinselele zokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yenhlangano. Ukuqeqesha kuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezisekela imisebenzi ezindaweni ezisebenzelayo. Kusukela ekutholeni kwezekwakhele izikhungo zeze.

Ukusingatha Izinselele Zokubhekana Nezimo

Indlela yokusebenza kahulumeni oqinile ikhona ngaphandle kwezithiyo. Ukunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwemali kulinganisela inhloko yezindawo ezikhona ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla, ukukhuliswe kwezimoto, nokwakha ukuhlelwa kwezindlela zokusebenza, ngisho nalapho ibhayisekile lebhayisekili lisebenza. Imingcele yobuchwepheshe (ngokuhlukene) yezimoto nezindlela ezithile zokulungisa izakhiwo eziqhubekayo. Ukunqanda ukushintsha kwemisebenzi eqhubekayo nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo. Ukushintsha kwezisebenzi ezijwayelene nezindlela zokulungisa izimoto ezimisiwe kunganciphisa kancane ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezintsha. Izindlela zokulawula ezihlukene zemisebenzi eminingi, zihlangene nemijikelezo emifushane yezombangazwe ehlela ngokushesha imiphumela esheshayo, izenze zishintshela phambili izinhlelo eziqinile, izinhlangano zemisebenzi ezisebenza ngokushesha. Izinhlangano zezakhiwo zezindawo ze-US zivame ukuvumelana nalezi zimo ezisemgangathweni eziqinile. Izinhlangano zezentengovusemkhathini ezisemkhathini ezisiza lezi zivusemo eziqinile. Izinhlangano zezindawo zobuchwepheshe zinikeza usizo nezindlela zezindawo eziqinile.

Isiphetho: Ukuhola Isibonelo

Ohulumeni boMbuso abanciphisa ngokulandelana ukuthunyelwa kwendawo ezungezile ezungezile bafeza izinjongo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa: bavikela imithombo engokwemvelo, banciphisa izindleko zokukhokha intela, bathuthukisa impilo yomphakathi, futhi babonise ukuhola okushukumisa ukuthatha isinyathelo kwezinye izingxenye. Amasu achazwe kulesi sihloko (_ukuvuselelwa kwamandla, ukukhucululwa kwamandla, ukuncishiswa kwemisebenzi, ukuncishiswa kwemikhumbi, ukulondolozwa kwemikhumbi, ukulondolozwa okunezelwe, ukulondolozwa kwamanzi, isakhiwo esiluhlaza, kanye nezisebenzi ukuhlelwa kwesakhiwo esibanzi sokusebenza. Nakuba izinselele zisalokhu zisekhona, izindleko ezikhona namuhla ziyongazuza ezindlekweni ezilula, ukuthemba umphakathi, futhi zingcono kakhulu. Ushintsho akuyona nje indlela yokulungisa inqubo; ushintsho aluyona indlela eyisisekelo yokusebenza kahulumeni ezizuzisa inzuzo ekhulu elingu-20 000.