Table of Contents
Lokho Okufanele Ukwazi Ngemithetho Yokwakha Yasendaweni Nezinqumo Zasekhaya
Ukugxila emsebenzini wokwakha kabusha ikhaya kuyithuba elijabulisayo lokulungisa indawo yakho yokuhlala ngokwezidingo zakho nezinto ozithandayo. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise i-wammer noma izinto zokuyithumela, kunesinyathelo esibalulekile esingase sikwenze noma siphule umsebenzi wakho: ukuqonda imithetho yokwakha yendawo. Lezimiso zikhona ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izakhiwo ziphephile, ziyasebenza, futhi zakhiwe isikhathi eside. Ukungazinaki kungaholela ekulibaziseni okubizayo, izingozi, inkathazo engokomthetho, nokubaluleka kwempahla.
Iyini Imithetho Yokwakha?
Izimiso zokwakha ziyimithetho ebanzi emiswe yiziphathimandla zendawo, umbuso, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezilawula indlela izakhiwo okumelwe ziklanywe ngayo, zakhiwe futhi zigcinwe ngayo. Lemithetho iyashintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ibonise intuthuko ezintweni zokwakha, ubunjiniyela, nezindinganiso zokuphepha. Nakuba izimpawu ezicaciwe zihlukahluka ngokwezindawo, izimpawu eziningi zihlanganisa izindawo eziyisisekelo eziklanyelwe ukuvikela abantu nomphakathi.
Izindawo Ezimbozwe Imithetho Yokwakha
- Ukuthembeka okungokobungako: kuqinisekisa izisekelo, izindonga, uphahla, kanye nezinga lokuthwala umthwalo kungamelana namandla anjengomoya, iqhwa, nokuzamazama komhlaba.
- [[UMTL:0] Ukuphepha: kulawula izinto ezilawula umlilo, izikhombi zentuthu, izimiso zokusafaza, amafasitela okuphotha, nezindlela zokuphuma.
- Izimiso zemidlalo yaseshashalazini:[ Imbobo yokugquma, iziphuzo, izinqamulo zesifunda, i-impli, kanye namandla okuthwala ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushayeka nomlilo.
- Izimiso zokuvala:[ ilawula izinto zepayipi, umhubhe, ukuphuma, ukufaka amanzi okufudumeza, nokuvimbela ukubuyela emuva ukuqinisekisa amanzi ahlanzekile nokuphathwa kwemfucumfucu.
- [ Ukungasebenzi okungathandeki: itshekisi elilawula ukulawulwa kwegesi, ukusebenza kwamafasitela, iHVAC, nokukhanyisa ukusebenza kahle kokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezindleko zenzuzo.
- Izimiso ze-metal: zihlanganisa ukufakwa kwenjini yokufudumala, ukungenisa umoya, kanye nokufaka umoya (HVAC), umsebenzi wokusebenza, kanye nezimfuneko zokukhipha.
Ubani Ophoqelela Imithetho Yokwakha?
Iminyango yokwakha yendawo inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqapha ama-code. Le minyango ivumela izinhlelo, imvume yokukhipha i(IC) nokuhlolwa ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene zokwakha. Abahloli bomnyango baqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi uhlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-coded ngaphambi kokuba isigaba esilandelayo siqhubeke. I-International Council (ICC) ikhipha izikhombo zekhodi ze-Dicesmethiwer `IC''' njengemithetho ye International Residelity Code (IRC) nemithetho yokwakha yomhlaba wonke (IBC). I-i-projectsssssss mential mentialsss (IC). Ungahlola i-'ixCC'webhthic' yezimiso zesisekelo zesisekelo, kodwa njalo uhlola i-parts ofmistnationalotations.
Kungani Imithetho Yokwakha Ibalulekile?
Izimiso zokwakha akuzona i-tepe ebomvu e-bureaucrate", ziyizisekelo ezisindisa ukuphila. Zikhona ukuze zivikele impilo, ukuphepha, nenhlalakahle yabemi abahlala ekwakheni kanye nomphakathi obanzi. Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokunamathela ezindabeni zokulungisa kwakho:
Ukuphepha Kuqala
Imithetho ngokuyinhloko ingeyokuvimbela izingozi. Ubunjiniyela obufanele bokwakha bunciphisa ingozi yokuwa; izimpawu zikagesi zivimbela imililo nokushwabana kogesi; izikhombi zamapayipi zivimbela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okuphuza. Ngokwe-National Fire Protection Association , amakhaya akhiwe ngemithetho yanamuhla kagesi anezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokushisa komlilo. Ukulandela imithetho yangaphambili kuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okungasetshenziswa ekuvikeleni komkhaya wakho.
Izimfuneko Zomshuwalense
Izimiso zomshuwalense womshuwalense wekhaya zidinga ukuba ukuvuselelwa kuvumelane nemithetho yendawo. Uma ufaka isimemezelo somonakalo obangelwa umsebenzi ongavunyelwe noma ongabhaliwe, inkampani yomshuwalense ingaphika ukukhokhelwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhluleka ukuthola imvume kungakuvala ngokuphelele uhlelo lwakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunxephezelwa kwemali emalini ezindaweni zakho kungabekwa engozini uma izimo ezingaphephile zikhona.
Ukubaluleka Kwempahla Nokubuyiselwa Kwayo
Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuthengisa ikhaya lakho, umsebenzi ongavunyelwe ungasabisa abathengi noma unciphise izimali. Abahloli bezindawo nabaphathi bamakhaya bayobona umehluko phakathi kokuvuselelwa okuvumelekile nokungavunyelwanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlelwa kwemithetho, kungandisa inani elilinganiswe futhi kwenze ikhaya lakho libe elithengiselwayo. Ababolekisi abaningi badinga isitifiketi sokuhlala noma amadokhumende afanayo ngaphambi kokuba bavume ukubolekisa ngenkonti.
Ukubambisana Okungokomthetho
Ohulumeni banegunya lokukhipha inhlawulo, ukumisa iziyalezo, futhi ngisho nesidingo sokususwa komsebenzi ongekho mthethweni. Ezimweni ezinzima, ukuthatha isinyathelo esingokomthetho kungaphumela ekuqambeni impahla yakho. Ukungalaleli kugwema le zinhlungu zekhanda futhi kugcine umsebenzi wakho uhamba kahle.
Imithetho Yokwakha Evamile Yasendaweni Ongase Uyibone
Nakuba iziqondiso zemithetho zihluka ngokwezindawo, abanikazi abaningi bamakhaya babhekene nemithetho efanayo. Ukwazi lezimfuneko ezivamile kuyokulungiselela ukuxoxa nezisebenzi zokwakha.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithetho Yokubhula Nezwe
Imithetho yokuzingela ilawula indlela engasetshenziswa ngayo impahla(impahla, ezentengiselwano, ezezimboni, noma exubene. Ilawula futhi ukuphakama, ukuhlanganisa i-lor, kanye nokufakwa kwesakhiwo. Uma uhlela ukuhlanganisa igalaji elizimele, i-ounition compotion unit (ADU), noma ukwandisa unyawo lwendlu yakho, imithetho esemthethweni evunyelweyo, iyakuthonya lokho okuvunyelweyo.
Izimfuneko Ezingaqondakali
Ama-setback achaza ibanga eliphakathi kwesakhiwo nezindawo ezisemgceni, imigwaqo, noma ezinye izici. I-octront, uhlangothi, nemuva kuqinisekisa indawo eyanele yokukhanya, umoya, indawo yomuntu yendabuko, nokungena okuphuthumayo. Ukuhlanganisa umgangatho noma uvulandi oseduze kakhulu nempahla kuwukwephulwa okuvamile.
Imingcele Yobude
Izindawo eziningi zilinganisela ubude bokwakha ukuze kugcinwe izibuko zokubona, ukukhanya kwelanga, noma isimo somphakathi. Uma ufaka isitezi sesibili noma i-dormer yophahla, hlola ubude obuvunyelwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ngaphambi kokwenza isakhiwo esisha.
Ukuvumela Inqubo
Cishe zonke izivuselelo ezibalulekile zidinga imvume. Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:
- Izinguquko (ukususa noma ukwenezela izindonga) [[FLT:]]
- Inkundla yemidlalo noma amapayipi [FLT]] [[FLT]] i-HVAC' ebuye ibuye ifake noma i-[FLT] [[FLT]] amafasitela amashadi, noma amabala asemkhathini [[FLT:] [FLT] [5] [ivo:9] [isiqinisekiso se-flct:] [FFLT] [FFF] avumelana nesiqinisekiso sakho]
- Ukwakha imvume: Kumsebenzi wokwakha, ukuhlanganisa, nokulungisa okukhulu.
- Imvume yasesiteji: Noma yiziphi izifunda ezintsha, indawo ephezulu, noma ukuphindela phambili.
- Imvume yokuvala i-Plambing : Imigqa yamanzi, amanzi aphumayo, izifakelo eziqinile, kanye nokuxhumanisa indle.
- Imvume ye-mechanical:[ Ukufakwa kwesimiso se HVAC, umsebenzi we-tract, kanye nezifudumezi zamanzi.
- [ Imvume yokususa izakhiwo: Ukususa inxenye noma ngokuphelele.
- [[FLT]] [[FLT]] ukuhlolwa kwemisebe kagesi, amapayipi, nomsebenzi wemishini (ngaphambi kokuba izindonga zivalwe) [[FLT]] ukuhlolwa ngemva kokwakhiwa kwezindonga] kodwa phambi kokumiswa kwemisebe [[[FLT:]] [[FLT]] [FLT]] [FLT] [ult:6] [uhlelo lokuhlola [[FLT]] [ult:] [unt] [uhlu] [uhlu lokwenza izimpawu zokuhlola zangaphambili] umshini wokuhlola, ungakhomba ungayikhokhisa umshini wokuhlola, ungakhokhiselele umkhumbi umsebenzi owenzile.[FLD: [F:] [FT] [F]
- Imisa imiyalo yokusebenza evimbela umsebenzi wakho phakathi komfula.
- Finensi [[FLT:] [[FLT:] [3] intela engaphinda kabili noma eziphindwe kathathu imvume yokuqala yemvume.[ [FLT]] [[FLT]] ifuna ubufakazi bemvume.[FLT:] [FLT] [FLT] izimo eziyingozi ezingabangela ukulimala kwempahla.[FLT:] [FLT]] [FLT]] [11] [FLT]]
Izimfuneko Zokweqa Umthetho
Amagumbi angaphansi kwebanga (amasethi) adinga amafasitela okukhomba alingana nobukhulu obuncane nobukhulu obuvulekayo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuphunyuka esimweni esiphuthumayo. Leli iphuzu elivamile lokungahlangani ezindlini ezingaphansi eziqediwe.
Imithetho Yendawo Ezungezile Neyamandla
Ziyanda, izikhombo ezigunyaza ukugcinwa kwamandla. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ama-R amanani anciphileyo, amafasitela asebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuvalwa komoya ovuzayo, kanye nokungena komoya okufanele. Ezinye izikhungo zidinga futhi amalungiselelo alungiselelwe ilanga noma izinto ezisebenza kancinci.
Indlela Yokuthola Imithetho Yokwakha Yasendaweni
Ukusebenzisa izimiso zendawo eziyinkimbinkimbi kungakuqeda amandla, kodwa kunezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa zokuthola ukwaziswa okudingayo. Qala ekuqaleni kwenqubo yakho yokuhlela ukugwema izinto ongazilindele.
Vakashela Ama - Webhsayithi Kahulumeni Wasendaweni
Omasipala abaningi bafaka amakhodi abo okwakha, imvume yokufaka izicelo, nezinhlelo zemali ku-inthanethi. Bheka izingxenye ezithi “Ukwakha i-Safety,” noma“ Izinkonzo Zokulungisa.” Izinhlangano zezwe zivame ukunikeza izixhume ezifundeni nasedolobheni.
Xhumana NoMnyango Wezakhiwo Wendawo
Unganqikazi ukushayela ucingo noma ukuvakashela umnyango wokwakha. Abaqaphi bakhona ukuze basize. Bangaphendula imibuzo ephathelene nezimfuneko ezithile ze-oda, imvume yokubhala ama-oda, nezinhlelo zokuhlola.
Xhumana Nochwepheshe Abanelayisense
Abaklami, onjiniyela bezakhiwo, kanye nokwakha kusebenza ngemithetho yendawo nsuku zonke. Ukusheshisa uchwepheshe asheshe wonge isikhathi nemali ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi umklamo wakho awuhambisani kwasekuqaleni. Bazokwazi ukusingatha ukuphoqelelwa nokuhlolwa.
Qaphela Imvume Yamatheku Nge - Internet
Amadolobha amaningi manje anezitebhisi ezikuyi - Internet lapho ungacwaninga khona amarekhodi ezindawo, ubone imvume ekhishwa ngaphambili, futhi uhlole ukuthi imvume yamanje injani.
Isifundazwe Noma Izimiso Zesizwe
Uma ufuna ukuzijwayelanisa nezindinganiso eziyisisekelo, bheka i-International Residelity Code (IRC) noma ikhodi ye-octlement kazwelonke evunyelwe. I-ICC Digital Codes Library[[[FLT: 1]] inikeza ukutholakala kwemisuka eminingi yezimodi. Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi qinisekisa ukubuyiselwa kwendawo, njengoba kungase kube nokuvimbela okwengeziwe.
Ukuhlala Uvuselelwe Ezinguquko
Imithetho iyashintshwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka emithathu ngokwesilinganiso. Sisayinela izixwayiso ezivela emnyangweni wokwakha wasendaweni yakini noma uzilandele kwi-media. Ukuba nohlelo lwamanje lwekhodi kubucayi, "ukuzivuselela" kumelwe kuvumelane nenguquko ngesikhathi imvume ikhishwa.
Imvume Nezindlela Zokuhlola: Ama - nut Nezimbongolo
Ukuthola imvume efanele nokuhlola kuyindlela ewusizo yokubonisa ukuthi ulalela imithetho ebhalwe phansi.
Izinhlobo Zemvume Ungase Uzidinge
Ezinye izifunda-zwe zivumela “ophezulu-zwe” oyedwa ukuba avumele umsebenzi omncane, njengokufaka isishisa-manzi endaweni yaso ngezici ezifanayo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi buza uma ungaqiniseki.
Inqubo yesithobo
Uvame ukuhambisa amacebo anemininingwane (ukwehlisa isilinganiso) abonisa izimo ezikhona nomsebenzi ohlongozwayo. Hlanganisa nokubala izakhiwo, incazelo yamandla, nohlobo lokusebenza uma kudingeka. Imali ikhokhwa ngokwenani elilinganiselwayo lomsebenzi. Izikhathi zokubukeza zingaqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa, kuye ngokuthi yinkimbinkimbi nokusebenza.
Ukuvivinyeka Kokuhlola
Imisebenzi eminingi idinga ukuhlolwa okuphindwe kaningi ezingeni eliphezulu. Amaphuzu okuhlola avamile ahlanganisa:
Imiphumela Yemvume Yokuyekelela
Ukusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume kungaholela ku: [
Imiphumela Yokungayinaki Imithetho Yokwakha
Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi “kuyindlela encane yokulungisa” noma“ akekho ozohlola,” kodwa iqiniso libi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezingozi ezisobala ezingokomthetho neziphephile, ukungazinaki imithetho kudala imiphumela elimazayo ekhaya lakho nasemalini.
Imali Engokomthetho Nengokwezimali
Ohulumeni bangafaka imali nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho umsebenzi ufakwa. Uma uthengisa ikhaya ngaphandle komsebenzi ongavunyelwe, ungabhekana namacala avela kubathengi. Umshuwalense wasekhaya unganqaba ukukhokha izicelo ezihlobene nomsebenzi ongavunyelwe, ukukushiya ukhokhele izindleko zemali ekhukhwaneni njengamapayipi aqhumeyo amapayipi amabi noma umlilo ngenxa yokuzingela ngephutha.
Izingozi Ezifihlekile Zokuphepha
Umsebenzi kagesi ongahlangani nombhalo ofingqiwe uyimbangela ephambili yemililo ehlala abantu. Ukusekelwa kokwakha okunganele kungaholela ekugxumeni noma ekuweni. Ukungalingani komlilo kungabamba abahlala emlilweni. Ingozi ayikufanelekele: ukuphulwa kwe-codectal kungabulala.
Ukubaluleka Kwasekhaya Okuncishisiwe
Imishini yokufuna indawo nezindawo ziqeqeshelwe ukubona ingxenyana engavunyelwe. Igumbi elingaphansi eliqediwe elakhiwe ngaphandle kwemvume lingase lingabaleki lize libe sesitebhisini esiyisikwele uma lihlolwa. Abathengi abangase bafune ukuncishiswa kwentengo noma bahambe ngokuphelele. Ikhaya lakho lingase lingabi nakuthengiswa.
Ukuziphindiselela Okunzima
Ababolekisi badinga ukuhlolwa futhi ngokuvamile bacele ubufakazi bemvume yokulungisa okukhulu. Uma umsebenzi ongavuselelwanga utholakala phakathi nesicelo sokubuyisela, imali ebolekwayo inganqatshelwa. Ungaphoqeleka ukuba ubeke umsebenzi emalini yakho siqu ngaphambi kokuthola izimali.
Amacebiso Abaninikhaya Okuhlela Ukulungisa Izinkinga
Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokwakha ngokuphumelelayo kuyilapho uhlala uhleliwe futhi uhleliwe kudinga ukuhlela neqembu elifanele. Landela lamacebiso asebenzayo ukuze umsebenzi wakho uhlale uhlelekile futhi ungenawo ukucindezeleka.
Umvikeli Ofanelekayo
Umsebenzi owenziwe ngezincwadi, imishini yokufaka imvume, nemishini yokwakha ebopheleneyo ekwaziyo ukuhlanganisa indawo yakini. Cela amakhontimenti futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imvume ivela emnyangweni wokwakha wendawo. Umakhi onedume elihle uyosingatha inqubo yemvume kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlola njengengxenye yomsebenzi wabo.
Kubhale Konke
Isivumelwano sakho kufanele sisho ukuthi ubani onomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthola imvume, ukukhokha izindleko, nokuhlela ukuhlolwa. izingxabano eziningi ziphakama lapho umninikhaya ethatha umakhi ezosingatha imvume, kodwa umakhi akayishiyi. Chaza ngokucacile imithwalo yemfanelo.
Yazi Uhlobo Lwakho Lwenhlabathi
Uma umsebenzi wakho uhilela izisekelo noma isisekelo, lindela ukuba umhloli afune ukuhlolwa kwenhlabathi noma umbiko wezwe. Izinhlobo ezithile zenhlabathi (ibumba elifiphele, ligcwalise) zidinga ubunjiniyela obukhethekile.
Ukuhlela Izinto Eziphuthumayo
Ukuhlola ngezinye izikhathi kwembula umbango okumelwe uxoxwe ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke. Ngokwesibonelo, umhloli angathola ukusekelwa okunganele komqadi, odinga i-rede signifi. Beka eceleni i 10-15% yemali ozoyilungisa ngokulungisa okungalindelekile.
Bhala Yonke Into
Gcina amakhophi ezincwadi zemvume, amapulani avunyelwe, imibiko yokuhlola, neposi nomnyango wokwakha. Lomkhondo wephepha ubalulekile uma uthengisa ikhaya noma uma kuphakama imibuzo. Thatha izithombe ezibonisa isikhathi phakathi nezikhathi eziyinhloko.
Kubeke Phambili Ukuphepha Endabeni Yokuzilibazisa
Kulula ukugxila ekuqedeni nasekuklameni, kodwa izimiso zokwakha nezomshini zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathambo akho avuselelwe aqinile ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise imali ethaleni lokunethezeka noma ekhabetheni elivamile. Ukulungiswa okuhle okungaphephile akunangozi.
Qonda “Ugogo” Ukulinganiselwa
Uma unekhaya elidala, ungakwazi ukugcina izici ezithile ezikhona ezingahlangani nezikhombi zamanje − ngokwesibonelo, iknob-all-tube u-irling endala. Nokho, uma nje uqala ukulungisa okuthinta lezozimiso, cishe kuyodingeka ukuba uzilethe ezindinganisweni zanamuhla. Sebenza kanye nenkokheli yakho ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ebangela ukukhuphuka.
Bhekana Nomshini Oqondisa Amandla
Izindawo eziningi zinikeza ukuhlolwa kwamandla mahhala noma aphansi. Lokhu kuhlola kungaveza izindawo lapho ukuvuselelwa kwakho kungathuthukisa khona ukusebenza kahle ngalé kwe-oda. Ukufakwa kwe-opera, ukuvalwa kwemibhoshongo, nokufakwa kwamafasitela asebenza kakhulu kunganciphisa izikweleti zenzuzo futhi kufanelekele ukuvuselelwa.
Sebenzisa umnqobi wemvume noma isiphequluli
Uma uwena ngokwakho usingatha lomsebenzi, cabangela ukuqasha imvume yokuqasha. Laba ochwepheshe bayazi isimiso sendawo sokuvumela ngaphakathi futhi bangasheshisa imvume. Bawusizo ngokukhethekile emisebenzini eyinkimbinkimbi ezindaweni ezimatasa.
Isiphetho
Izimiso zokwakha zendawo azisona isithiyo, ziyindlela yokulungisa ikhaya elilondekile, elihlala njalo, neliyigugu. Ngokuthatha isikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi iziphi izikhodi ezisebenza kumsebenzi wakho, ukuvikela imvume elungile, nokudlulisa konke okudingekayo, uvikela izimali zakho nenhlalakahle yomkhaya wakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufaka igumbi lokulala, ukuqeda igumbi elingaphansi, noma ukulungisa kabusha ikhishi, ukuvumelana nemithetho yokwakha kufanele kube yiyona ephambili kusukela kosuku olulodwa. Umsebenzi nochwepheshe abanolwazi, ukuhlala uzazile ngezimiso zendawo, futhi ungalokothi unqume amagumbi okuphepha. Ikhaya lakho liyokubonga ngenxa yokufika kwakho.