Kubantu abaningi abafaka isicelo, lezi zinyathelo zingaba novalo, kodwa uma beyiqonda kahle inqubo nokulungiselela okuqondiswe kahle, bayakwazi ukuphumelela ngokuphelele. Le ngxoxo inikeza ukulahlekelwa okuningi kwalokho okungase kukulindele phakathi nokuhlolwa kwemvelo nengxoxo, inikeza iseluleko esiwusizo nemithombo egunyaziwe ukuze ufinyelele isigaba ngasinye ngokuqiniseka.

Ukuqonda Ukukhishwa Kwemvelo Nengxoxo

Inqubo yokuhlanganisa imvelo, elawulwa yi-U.S. i-Sazenship and Immigtion Services (USCIS), iklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abafaka isicelo banolwazi namakhono adingekayo ukuze bahlanganyele ngokugcwele ekuphileni komphakathi waseMelika. Ukuhlola nengxoxo akuzona izenzakalo ezihlukene kodwa kuvame ukuqhutshwa ndawonye phakathi nesivumelwano esisodwa nesikhulu se-USCIS. Isikhulu sizohlola isicelo sakho, sihlole isiNgisi sakho, futhi sihlole ulwazi lwakho ngomlando nohulumeni we-U.S.

Ukuphumelela Nezici Ezifanele

Ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele isigaba sokuhlola nokuxoxa, kumelwe uhlangabezane nezilinganiso eziningana zokufuna ukuvuleka kwezwe. Ngokuvamile, kumelwe ukuba uneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, ube uyisisakhamuzi esisemthethweni isikhathi esithile (iminyaka emihlanu, noma iminyaka emithathu uma ushade nesakhamuzi sase-U.S.), futhi uhlale esifundeni sezwe noma e-USCIS lapho ufaka khona isicelo okungenani izinyanga ezintathu. Kumelwe futhi ubonise ubuntu obuhle, obunamathela ezimisweni ze-U.S.S. uMthetho-sisekelo, kanye nokuzimisela ukuthatha i-Oath of Allegiance. Ukuhlangana kwalezimfuneko kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungele ukuphumelela ekuhlolweni okungokwemvelo.

Ukukhishwa Kwemvelo

Ukuhlolwa kwemvelo kuhlukaniswa kwaba yizingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene: ukuhlolwa kolimi lwesiNgisi nokuhlolwa kwezakhamuzi. Ingxenye ngayinye ibheka amakhono ahlukene, futhi kumelwe udlulise kokubili ukuze wanelise imfuneko yokuhlola. Ukuqonda izakhi zengxenye ngayinye kubalulekile ukuze ulungiselele kahle.

Uvivinyo Lwezinsimbi

Izincwadi zomphakathi zihlola ulwazi lwakho ngomlando wase-U.S., uhulumeni, nezimpawu zesizwe ezibalulekile. I-USCIS isebenzisa iqoqo elisemthethweni lemibuzo eyikhulu yomphakathi, futhi uyobuzwa kuma-20 ayo phakathi nengxoxo yakho. Ukudlula, kumelwe uphendule imibuzo engu-12 ngokunembile, elingana nenani elidlulayo lamaphesenti angu-60. Imibuzo ihlanganisa uhlu olubanzi lwezihloko, kuhlanganise nezimiso zomthetho-sisekelo, imisebenzi yamagatsha amathathu kahulumeni, amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yezakhamuzi, nezenzakalo ezingokomlando nezingalo eziyinhloko.

Izicelo eziningi zithola ukuthi izakhamuzi zihlola kakhulu ingxenye yokuhlolwa kwenqubo. Ngenhlanhla, i-USCIS inikeza izinto zokufunda ezisemthethweni, kuhlanganise nezingcasha-magama eziphelele zemibuzo eyikhulu nezimpendulo. Kuyatuswa kakhulu ukusebenzisa lemithombo njengethuluzi lakho eliyinhloko lokufunda. Ngokwesibonelo, kufanele ubambe ngekhanda amagama kamongameli wamanje nomongameli oyisekela, uqonde ukubaluleka kweSimemezelo senkululeko, futhi wazi inani lezinto ezincishiswe kuMthetho-sisekelo.

Ukuhlolwa Kolimi LwesiNgisi

Ukuhlolwa kwesiNgisi kuhlola ikhono lakho lokukhuluma, ukufunda, nokubhala ngesiNgisi ngokwezinga eliyisisekelo. Lokhu akudingi ukusheshisa, kodwa kumelwe ukwazi ukuxhumana ngokuphumelelayo ezimweni zansuku zonke. Ingxenye yokukhuluma ihlolwa phakathi nengxoxo, njengoba isikhulu se-USCIS sizokubuza imibuzo ngesiNgisi futhi silindele ukuba uphendule ngesiNgisi. Ukuhlola ukufunda kudinga ukuba ufunde imisho eyodwa kwemithathu ngokunembile, ubonise ikhono lakho lokuqaphela nokuphimisela amagama avamile esiNgisi. Ukuhlolwa kokubhala kudinga ukuba ubhale umsho owodwa emibhalweni emithathu emiswe isikhulu, ubonise ikhono lakho lokubhala nokubhala ngokunembile imisho.

Kuzo kufunda nokubhala, i-USCIS inikeza uhlu lwamagama avame ukuvela ekuhlolweni. Ukusebenzisa la magama nala magama kungathuthukisa indlela osebenza ngayo. Uma isiNgisi kungelona ulimi lwakho oluyinhloko, cabangela ukuthatha ikilasi lengxoxo yesiNgisi noma ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezifunda ulimi ukuze wakhe ukuze wethembe ngaphambi kwengxoxo.

Ukuqopha Nokuthatha Isimiso

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uzothola imiphumela yakho ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlola nokuxoxa. Uma udlula kokubili ukuhlolwa kwesiNgisi nomphakathi, isicelo sakho sizoqhubekela phambili enqubweni. Uma uhluleka ukuthatha ingxenye eyodwa noma zombili, uzonikezwa ithuba lesibili lokuthatha ingxenye ehlulekile phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-60 kuya ku-90. Lengxoxo yesibili isho ukuthi imfishane futhi igxile kuphela ezingxenyeni ongazidlulisanga. Ukuqonda le nqubo kunganciphisa ukukhathazeka, njengoba unenenenenethi lokuphepha elakhiweyo uma ungaphumeleli emzamweni wakho wokuqala.

Inqubo Yengxoxo

Ingxoxo iwumsuka wokubekwa kwakho. Iholi le-USCIS elizohlola isicelo sakho (Form N-400), lihlole ukuthi ungubani, futhi lihlole ukuthi unelungelo lakho lokuba yizakhamuzi. Ingxoxo futhi isebenza njengendawo yokuhlola amaNgisi nama-othori. Ukuzilungiselela kahle inqubo yokuxoxa kungawenza umehluko omkhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho konke.

Okwenzeka Phakathi Nengxoxo

Ingxoxo ithatha imizuzu ephakathi kwengu-20 nengu-30, nakuba lokhu kungahluka kuye ngobunzima becala lakho. Isikhulu sizoqala ngokukufungisa, sifunge ukuthi uzophendula yonke imibuzo ngeqiniso. Khona - ke sizobukeza ukwaziswa esisebenza nge-N-400 yakho, sikucele ukuba uqinisekise imininingwane enjengegama lakho, ikheli, umlando womshado, umsebenzi, nomlando wokuhamba. Isikhulu singabuza imibuzo elandela ukucacisa noma yikuphi ukungqubuzana noma izikhala esisenzweni sakho.

Kuyo yonke lenqubo, isikhulu sihlola futhi ikhono lakho lokukhuluma isiNgisi. Ngisho noma ingxoxo iphathelene nokusebenza kwakho, isebenza njengengxenye yokukhuluma yokuhlolwa kwesiNgisi. Ngemva kokubukeza lesi sicelo, isikhulu sizonikeza ukuhlolwa kwezakhamuzi kanye nokufundwa nokubhalwa kwezingxenye zovivinyo lwesiNgisi. Konke okuhlangenwe nakho kuklanyelwe ukuba kube kokuxoxa kunokukhuluma, kodwa kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa uthukile. Ukuphefumula ngokujulile nokuphendula imibuzo ngokuqondile nangokuthembeka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuxoxa.

Amadokhumende Adingekayo

Ukuletha amafadi alungile engxoxweni yakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma uhluleka ukuletha izincwadi ezidingekayo, ukuxoxa kwakho kungahlelwa, kubeke inqubo yakho yonke. Okuncane, kufanele ulethe i-Resident Resident Cardi yakho ye-Reod (Uhlobo oluluhlaza), i-passs (uma iphelelwe isikhathi), nanoma yiziphi ezinye izincwadi zokuhamba ozisebenzise kusukela uhlala khona unomphela. Kufanele futhi ulethe nanoma iziphi izincwadi ezihlobene nesicelo sakho, njengobufakazi bokushintsha kwegama, umshado noma izitifiketi zesehlukaniso, kanye nanoma iziphi izincwadi zokuboshwa noma izihloko ezingokomthetho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ulethe isaziso sakho sokuhlela, uhlobo lwesithombe sikahulumeni esiphonswe, nezithombe ezimbili zesiteshi se-passport uma sicelwa. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlela lamaphepha encwadi encwadini yefaktha ukuze uwahambise ngokushesha uma iphoyisa licela. Ukulungiselela konke kubonisa ukuthatha kwakho nokulungiselela.

Imibuzo Evamile Yengxoxo

Nakuba yonke ingxoxo ihlukile, eminye imibuzo ivamile. Isikhulu sivame ukubuza ngesizinda sakho, kuhlanganise nalapho wazalelwa khona, amagama abazali bakho, nomlando wakho wemisebenzi. Bangase babuze futhi ngezinsuku nezizathu zokuhamba kwakho ngaphandle kwe-United States. Zilungiselele ukuphendula imibuzo ngokuziphatha kwakho, kuhlanganise nokuboshwa, ukufakwa izingcaphuno, noma ukuhileleka kwakho ekubekeni umthetho. Ekugcineni, isikhulu sizobuza ngobuhlobo bakho noMthetho-sisekelo we-U.S.

Kutuswa ukuba ubukeze uhlu oluphelele lwemibuzo ongayifaka esifushanweni sakho uN-400 ngaphambi kwengxoxo. Zijwayeze ukuphendula lemibuzo ngokuzwakalayo ngesiNgisi, ikakhulukazi nomngane noma ilungu lomkhaya elingalingisa indawo yengxoxo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuba uzizwe ukhululekile futhi unciphise amathuba okubanjwa ungaqashelwa.

Amakhambi Okulungiselela Impumelelo

Ngokufunda izinto ezifanele, usebenzise amakhono akho, futhi usebenzise imininingwane ehambisana nohlelo, ungawathuthukisa kakhulu amathuba akho okudlulisa imizamo yakho yokuqala.

Izinto Ezifundwayo Nemithombo

Izincwadi zokufunda ezithembeke kakhulu yilezo ezinikezwa ngokuqondile yi-USCIS. Isikhulu i-CBIVICs Suctudy Guide ihlanganisa yonke imibuzo eyikhulu nezimpendulo, kanye nezinhlu zamagama ezihlela isiNgisi. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-intanethi yomshini wokuhlolwa kwemvelo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-USCIS umkhondo, onikeza amakhadi okucwenga-fingcweza kanye nokuvivinya. Ukuze uthole usizo, cabangela ukusebenzisa ama-partly anikeza ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwemvelo, kodwa njalo uqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-USCIS.

Ukuprakthiza

Enye indlela ephumelelayo ukwenza uhlelo lokutadisha olunika isikhathi sosuku ngalunye lokubukeza imibuzo yomphakathi nokufunda isiNgisi nokubhala. Ukuze kuhlolwe abahlali, zama ukuhlanganisa imibuzo ngesihloko, njenge "Umthetho-sisekelo" noma "Igatsha Eliphethe," ukwenza ukwaziswa kube okulawuleka ngokwengeziwe. Kulolu vivinyo lwesiNgisi, funda iziqephu ngokuzwakalayo futhi ubhale izigwebo ezisuka ekusoleni. Uma kungenzeka, thola umngane wesifundo noma ujoyina ikilasi le-i-yakhiliji, elivame ukunikezwa ngenkululeko ngemitapo yezincwadi, amakholiji, nezinhlangano ezingatholi nzuzo. La makilasi anikeza amathuba okufunda nokuzivivinya ngokulandelana nokukhuluma ngesiNgisi endaweni esekelayo.

Usuku Lokuxoxa Nabathile

Ngosuku lwengxoxo yakho, fika ehhovisi lase-USCIS okungenani kusenemizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengu-30. Gqoka izingubo ezicocekileyo, ezikhokhelwayo ukuze uzenze ubonakale kahle. Yima nawo wonke amafaktha akho ahlelwe efayilini, futhi ushiye ama-electronic anjengomakhalekhukhwini ekhaya noma amakhamera emoto yakho, njengoba ngokuvamile enqatshelwe ezikhungweni ze-USCIS. Ngaphambi kokuba ungene engxoxweni, thatha isikhashana uzenze, futhi ukhumbule ukuthi isikhulu sikhona ukuze sihlole isicelo sakho, singakukhohlisi. Uma ungaqondi umbuzo, kuyamukeleka ukubuza ngenhlonipho ukuze sicaciswe. Ukuba nesizotha, thembekile, futhi ngenhlonipho kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwenza ingxoxo emnandi.

Ngemva Kokukhululwa Nokuxoxa

Uma ingxoxo yakho isiphelile, isikhulu se-USCIS sizokunika i-Form N-652, ebonisa ukuthi uphumelele ekuhlolweni nasekuxoxiseni. Uma udlula, isicelo sakho sizotuswa ukuba sivunyelwe, futhi uzohlelwa ukuba kwenziwe inqubo engokwemvelo yokuthatha i-Oath of Allegiance. Uma uhlulekile ekuhlolweni, uhlobo luzobonisa ukuthi iziphi izingxenye odinga ukuphinde uzenze futhi uma izingxoxo zakho zesibili zihleliwe. Uma isicelo sakho senqaba, uzothola incazelo ebhaliwe kanye nolwazi lwendlela yokudlulisa leso sinqumo.

Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo Ngemva Kokudlula

Ngemva kokudlula, uzothola isaziso sokuhlela umkhosi wakho wokuzihlela, ovame ukuqhutshwa phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Emcimbini, uzothatha i-Oath of Allegiance, ubuyise ikhadi lakho leResident, futhi uthole iSitifiketi sakho sokuzivumelanisa nemvelo. Lesi sitifiketi siwubufakazi bakho obungokomthetho besizwe sase-U.S. Ungafaka isicelo se-passeport yase-U.S. futhi uqale ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho amasha nemithwalo yemfanelo njengesakhamuzi.

Kuthiwani Uma Ungadluli?

Ukuhluleka ukuhlola noma ukuxoxa akusona isiphetho somgwaqo. Njengoba kushiwo, unethuba lesibili lokuthatha izingxenye ezingaphumelelanga phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-60 kuya kwezingu-90. Sebenzisa lesisikhathi ngokuningi uhlole izindawo oxakeke kuzo. Gxila ebuthakani obubodwa obuvezwa isikhulu, futhi ucabangele ukufuna usizo olwengeziwe ekilasini lokulungiselela izakhamuzi noma kumfundisi ozimele. Abafaki izimemezelo abaningi abadluli phambili ngokuphumelelayo ekuzameni kwabo kokuqala. Ukuphikelela nokulungela kuyisihluthulelo.

Imithombo Yengcebo Eyengeziwe Nokusekelwa

Ukunikeza izivivinyo zemvelo nokuxoxa ngemfashini kungakuqeda amandla, kodwa akudingeki ukuba ukwenze wedwa. I-USCIS inikeza ingcebo yemali yamahhala engosini yayo esemthethweni, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa, iziyalezo zokufunda, nokwaziswa ngamakilasi ezakhamuzi endaweni yakho. Ukuze uthole iseluleko esingokomthetho noma usizo ezicatshangelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, cabangela ukuthinta ummeli wezokufuduka noma i-Appleation Applearts (BIA) ummelelindiswane ogunyaziswe. Izinhlangano ezinjenge-[FLT: 0] i-American Immigration Layers Association ingakusiza ukuba uthole ochwepheshe abafanelekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imitapo eminingi yendawo, izikhungo zomphakathi, nezinhlangano ezingatholi nzuzo zinikeza amakilasi okulungiselela izakhamuzi ngesihle noma ngezimali eziphansi. Lamaqembu anikeza iziyalezo ezihleliwe, ukukwazi ukufunda izinto, namathuba okusebenzisa isiNgisi. Ukusebenzisa le mithombo kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekulungiseleleni kwakho nasekuthembeni. Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwemvelo nengxoxo yezingxoxo ze-inquisio kuklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezintsha zikulungele ukuthatha i-democracy. Ngokunikezela nokulungiselela okulungile, ungawufinyelela umgomo wakho wokuba isakhamuzi sase-U.S.