Umsebenzi kaJury ungomunye wemithwalo yemfanelo ebaluleke kakhulu yomphakathi eUnited States, kodwa isimiso siyaqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ongakhonza ngazo zonke izikhathi. Izimo zokuphila − ezokwelapha, ukunakekela, izindleko, izinkinga zezimali, noma izibopho zomsebenzi ezidingekile zenza inkonzo yamajaji ibe yengenakwenzeka ngempela. Ukuqonda izinhlu zenkululeko ekhona nenqubo elungile ukucela ukuba uvikele amalungelo akho kuyilapho uhlonipha isidingo senkantolo. Lesiqondiso esikhungethe zonke izigaba zokungahlwi, indlela yokusebenzisa, ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma isicelo sakho sinqatshwa, nezingozi zokungazinaki izimemo.

Ukuqonda Izigwebo Eziwujuqu

Ukungahlawuli umsebenzi we-Jury kuyizizathu eziqondile eziqashelwa umthetho ezithethelela umuntu enkonzweni yamajaji, noma ngokuhlala njalo noma ngokucela okuthile. Ukukhulula kuhlukile kuma-deval (iziphakamiso) kanye nokungagunyazwa (ukungavunyelwa ngenxa yerekhodi lobugebengu, isikhundla sesizwe, noma ubudala). Nakuba imibuso nemithetho yendawo ihluka, imingcele eminingi ihlukanisa amaqembu amancane. Ukwazi ukuthi isigaba sisebenza kuni ngempela kuwe yisinyathelo sokuqala esiya esicelweni esiphumelelayo.

Izinhlobo Ezivamile Zokuhlengwa

Ukukhulula okuthathekayo [ kuhlanganisa kokubili izimo zempilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo ezenza inkonzo yamajaji ibe nzima noma ibe nzima. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ubuhlungu obungapheli, ukukhubazeka okudinga ikhefu njalo, ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma iPTSD ebangelwa yizilungiselelo zenkantolo, nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Izinkantolo zidinga iposi likadokotela noma i-applidavit esayinweyo echaza ukuthi kungani ungakwazi ukusebenza. Izimo zesikhashana, ezinjengokululama ekuhlinzweni, zingafanelekela ukuhoxa esikhundleni sokukhulula okuhlala njalo.

Imithwalo yemfanelo enikezelwe ingenye yezinga elivame kakhulu ukunikezwa ukukhululwa. Abanakekeli abayinhloko bezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka ethile (ngokuvamile ezingu-6-12, kuye ngokwezwe), abazali asebekhulile, noma amalungu omkhaya akhubazekile angathethelelwa uma kungekho enye indiva. Ezinye izinkantolo zidinga ubufakazi bokuthi amanye amalungu ekhaya awanakusiza noma ukuthi ukunakekela akunakuthathelwa indawo. Ukungahoxiswa kuvame ukuba kwesikhashana kodwa kungavusenelelwa uma nje ukunakekela kuqhubeka.

Izibopho zokufundisa zisebenza esikoleni esiphakeme, ekolishi, noma abafundi abathweswe iziqu. Izimo eziningi zinikeza izikhawu ezizenzekelayo kuze kube amakhefu esikole, kuyilapho ezinye zinikeza ukukhululeka okuphelele esikhathini sokufunda. Abafundi abaqeqeshiwe, abaqeqeshiwe, nabafundayo abadala nabo bangafaneleka, kodwa udinga ukunikeza i-ID yomfundi, isimiso sekilasi, noma ukuthatha isikole.

Ukusebenza ezinkonzweni ezibalulekile[ kuhlanganisa imisebenzi ethile engenakuthathelwa indawo kalula lapho kuphuthuma noma kuvikelwa khona ukuphepha komphakathi. Izibonelo zihlanganisa izikhulu zomthetho eziqaphayo emsebenzini, izicima - mlilo, izisebenzi zezempi ezisebenzayo, nezinye izisebenzi zezempilo eziqinisekisa impilo. Izikhulu eziqashweyo nezisebenzi ezithile zamagatsha zokwahlulela nazo zivame ukudedelwa. Nokho, ukuba “isisebenzi esigxekayo” akuyona intethelelo ekhusini, izintambo, izisebenzi zempi ezisebenzayo, futhi kumelwe zibonise ukuthi ukuphuma kwakho kungadala ukuphepha okuphawulekayo komphakathi noma ingozi yokusebenza.

Ubunzima obungokomnotho buqashelwa lapho inkonzo yamajaji ibangela umthwalo omkhulu ongokwezimali. Abantu abasebenza ngemisebenzi yabo siqu abalahlekelwa iholo ngaphandle kwenkokhelo, izisebenzi ezisebenza ngamahora ezingenamajaji omqashi omqashi omqashi omholi wejaji, nabantu abanezindleko ezingavamile (umz., ukukhubazeka kwabantwana, ukuhoxa okude) bangacela ukukhululwa. Kumelwe unikeze ubufakazi obunjengenkokhisi yentela, imbuyiselo, noma inkulumo yomqashi ebonisa izinqubo zenkokhiso. Izinkantolo eziningi zinikela ngezikhathi eziphansi kakhulu kunezindleko zokungakhokheli kakhulu, kodwa izimo ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nosongo lokuxolelwa ukuxolelwa noma ukuva ngaphandle kwezelelwe ngaphandle kwezethulo."Ungaboshelwa unomhlala unomphela.

Indlela Ukukhulula Okushiwo UJuristion

Izinkantolo zomphakathi zilandela i-Jury Defaction and Service Act futhi zinohlu oluncane kakhulu lwenkululeko kunezinkantolo eziningi zikahulumeni. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhulula kukahulumeni kulinganiselwe kwezempi osebenzayo, izikhulu zokuphepha zomphakathi, nezinye izigaba ezimbalwa. Ezinye izizathu zidinga izaba ezibekelwe isikhathi noma izaba kunokuba isikhululo esizenzekelayo. Izinkantolo zikahulumeni, ngesinye isandla, ngokuvamile zinezinhlokwana ezithathelwa ukukhululwa futhi izinqubo ezivumelana nezimo. Amahlelo nezilinganiso zinganezela imithetho yendawo, ngakho njalo hlola iziyalezo eziqondile eziqondile eziqondiswe ememweni zakho. [[FTrect:0] USUSA. [ijaji yejaji yejaji yecala ] inikeza umbiko wesizwe, kuyilapho ingosigogogo ngayinye inikeza uhlu lwayo lwezenkantolo.

Iziphetho ezizenzekelayo

Ezinye izigwegwe ziyazenzakalela: uma uhlangabezana nezindinganiso, inkantolo kumelwe ikuthethelele ngaphandle kokubukeza. Ukungatholi nkululeko esekelwe ebudaleni (umzk., okungaphezu kuka-70 kwezinye izindawo) nenkonzo yezempi ematasa kuvame ukuwela kulengxenye. Ukungadingi okuhlakaniphile, njengobunzima obungokwezimali noma ukunakekela, kudinga ukuba unikeze ubufakazi futhi ulinde umahluleli noma umabhalane ukuze avume isicelo. Ukuqonda ukuthi isimo sakho siyafaneleka yini njengokuzisebenzela noma ukuqondisa kukusiza ukuba ulungiselele imibhalo elungile, futhi wazi ukuthi inqubo ingathatha isikhathi eside kangakanani.

Indlela Yokucela Ukukhululwa

Ukucela ukukhululwa akuyona inqubo elula njengokutshela inkantolo ukuthi awukwazi ukukhonza. Kumelwe ulandele inqubo engokomthetho, evame ukubekwa emyalezweni wakho wamajaji. Ukuphutha (noma) ukuphutha isikhathi esimisiwe(-apho) kungaguqula ukukhululeka okusemthethweni kube isijeziso. Ngezansi inqubo eningiliziwe okufanele uyilandele, kanye nezindlela zokugwema izihibe.

Inqubo ngokuhambelana

1]. Hlola ukunxusa kwakho ngokuphelele. Inombolo yenkantolo enokwaziswa kokuxhumana, inombolo yejari, usuku lokubika, kanye /okubaluleke kakhulu] neziqondiso eziqondile zokucela ukukhululwa noma ucingo. Bheka ibhokisi lokuhlola, uhlobo oluhlukile, noma inombolo yocingo newebhusayithi yokuvula inombolo. Ezinye izinkantolo zivumela izicelo kulayini nge-ibhusayithi; ezinye zidinga ucingo noma ucingo.

2. Hlanganisa uxwebhu olusekelayo. Isigaba ngasinye sokungangeni esikhona sidinga ubufakazi obuhlukene. Ukuze kutholakale incwadi eningiliziwe evela kumphathi wezokwelapha, uthole incwadi evela kumphathi we-paredio. Ukunakekela, lungiselela incwadi echaza ukuthi kungani ungumnakekeli kuphela futhi ufake noma iziphi izinqubo zesikole ezihambelanayo. Uma usosizini lwezimali, qoqa izikweletu zamuva, umthetho womqashi wejaji, noma isilinganiso esigciniwe seholo lezemfundo. Ngemiyalo yemfundo, cela incwadi yokwazisa evela kumbhali wesikole sakho. Gcina amakhophi encwadi yakho yonke.

3. Xhumana nenkantolo kusenesikhathi. Izinkantolo eziningi zifuna ukuba wazise okungenani izinsuku eziyi 10-14 ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokubika. Vikela inombolo emishinini yakho noma sebenzisa itheku le-intanethi ukuze uqinisekise lenqubo. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi isiphi isigaba sokungangeni esifanelana kangcono, buza umahluleli wejaji .

4. Faka isicelo sakho ngendlela edingekayo. Ezinye izinkantolo zithatha i-imeyili noma i-fax; ezinye zidinga incwadi esayinwe. Uma uthumela i-intanethi, ushicilela ikhasi lokuqinisekisa. Uma uthumela, thumela iqinisekisi nelisithi ebuyayo. Khuphela yonke into: usuku, isikhathi, indlela, nanoma yiziphi izincwajana zengxoxo. Lomkhondo uyakuvikela uma inkantolo isho ukuthi ayisitholi isicelo sakho.

5. Landela ngokushesha. isicelo sakho sokukhulula asivunywa kuze kube yilapho uthola isaziso esisemthethweni. Uma ungakasizwa isonto lonke ngaphambi kokuphela kosuku, biza inkantolo ukuze uqinisekise isimo. Ezinye izifundazwe zizenza zingasebenzi futhi zithumele ikhadi lokuqinisekisa; ezinye zifuna ukuba uhlole ihray yakho. Ungavumeli. Uma inkantolo inqaba inqaba, uyokwamukela iziyalezo zezinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Umnikeli Ungase Udinge

  • Ukungadingi kwezokwelapha: Incwadi kadokotela echaza isimo nokuthi kungani ivimbela inkonzo yamajaji, kanye nanoma imiphi imiphumela efanelekile yokuhlola noma amalungiselelo okwelapha.
  • Ukungadingi ukunakekelwa kwalabo abanakekelayo: Isiqinisekiso sokunakekela (isib., isitifiketi sokuzalwa kwengane, amarekhodi esihlobo esikhubazekile), inkulumo yokunganakekelwa kwenye indlela, futhi ngokunokwenzeka nencwadi evela kwelinye ilungu lomkhaya eliqinisekisa ukuthi alinakusiza.
  • Ubunzima bemali: Iholo lamuva nje eliwukulahlekelwa, izakhiwo ze - W - 2, noma amarekhodi omqashi wakho aphathelene neholo lamajaji (noma ukuntuleka kwalo); nanoma iziphi izikweleti ezibonisa ubunzima.
  • Ukuzinikela kwezemfundo: Isimiso sekilasi samanje, amarisidi okuthola inzuzo, noma incwadi evela kumbhalisi.
  • Umsebenzi obalulekile: Umqashi ubhala incwadi yezincwadi, ikhadi lenyunyana, noma iziqondiso zempi.

Izinhlu Ezifile Nesikhathi Sesikhathi Eside

Izinkantolo eziningi zimisa imithetho eqinile ethatha isikhathi eside. Uma uphuthelwa usuku lokukhipha isicelo sakho sokukhulula, ungalahlekelwa ukukhululwa okuzenzekelayo futhi uvele uvele. Nokho, ezinye izifundazwe zikuvumela ukuba ucele ukuhlehliswa ngisho nangemva kokugcina isikhathi uma uveza isizathu esihle. Ngaso sonke isikhathi zama ukwenza uma nje uthola isimemo. Ukumisa ikhalenda isikhumbuzo sesonto ngaphambi kokuba isikhathi sokuphuma kunikwe isikhathi sokuqopha izincwadi nokulandela.

Ongakwenza Uma Ukukhululwa Kwakho Kwenqatshelwe

Ukungavunyelwe ukukhululwa kungakhungathekisa, kodwa akusona isiphetho somgwaqo. izinkantolo kufanele ziphinde zithathe izinqubo zokuhlola isinqumo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi usengakutholi ukukhetha kokukhonza.

Ukukhanga Isinqumo

Izindawo eziningi zikuvumela ukuba ucele ukuqulwa kwecala phambi komahluleli ukuba uphikise ngokuthi kungani kufanele ukhululwe. Lokhu kuhlukile ekudluliseleni icala: Kumelwe unikeze ubufakazi obusha noma uchaze ukuthi kungani ukuphika kokuqala kwakusekelwe ekungaqondini amaqiniso. Lungisa isitatimende esibhalwe kafushane futhi ulethe nanoma yiziphi ezinye izincwadi ozingenisile. Ezinye izizwe zikuvumela ukuba udlulisele icala lakho ngokucela umahluleli ohlukile. Isikhungo sezwelonke seState Courts[ inikeza umbombo wenkantolo wemithetho lapho ungahlola khona izinqubo zokudlulisa.

Ukufuna Ukuziphindiselela Esikhundleni Salokho

Uma unqatshelwa ukukhululwa kodwa isimo sakho singesesikhashana (isibonelo, inkathi ematasa emsebenzini noma isifo esifushane), cela ukuhlehliswa (i-deferal) osukwini oluzayo. Izinkantolo ngokuvamile zizimisele kakhulu ukulibala inkonzo kunokukuthethelela unomphela. Yiba nombono oqondile ngezinsuku ongazikhonza ngazo, futhi unikeze isizathu esibonisa ukholo oluhle. Ukuhlehliswa kunganikezwa amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga eziyisithupha, kuye ngenkantolo.

Ukhetho ngokomthetho

Ezimweni ezingavamile . "njengempi yesithakazelo, ukuphikwa okuphindwayo nokunganembile, noma ubunzima obungathathwanga inkantolo", ungafuna ukuya kummeli. Izinkampani eziningi zebar yendawo zinikeza imitholampilo yamahhala noma zingakukhomba kummeli osingatha izindaba ze-avareji. Izinhlangano zosizo olungokomthetho zisiza futhi ekusizeni abantu abathola izithako eziphansi ezinezinkinga ezihlobene. Ummeli angathatha uhambo lokuhlola noma, uma kudingekile, isicelo se-way ye-mandamus. Nokho, izimpikiswano eziningi zokungahoxiwa zixazululwa ngaphandle kokuzingela.

Ukunakekela Okukhethekile

Ukuqonda lezi zimo ezikhethekile kungathuthukisa amathuba akho okukhululwa kalula noma ukuhlehlisa inqubo.

Abanakekeli Nezimo Zezokwelapha

Abanakekeli babantu abakhubazekile noma abanezifo ezingapheli kufanele balungiselele icebo lokunakekela ngokuningiliziwe. Ezinye izinkantolo zifuna ukuba ufakazele ukuthi alikho elinye ilungu lomkhaya, umnakekeli okhokhelwayo, noma ikhefu elingafihla ukuthi awukho. Uma umuntu omnakekelayo ebuthaka ngokwezokwelapha, incwadi kadokotela echaza ingozi yokuphazanyiswa iwusizo olukhulu. Isimo sakho sezokwelapha, yisho ngokuphelele: imithi, ukuhlelwa, nezimpawu ezingaphazamisa ukulingwa.

Abafundi Nezisebenzi Zempi

Abafundi abasebenza isikhathi esigcwele bangahlehliswa ikhefu lesikole kunokuba bakhululwe unomphela. Izizwe eziningi zivumela abafundi ukuba babambe umsebenzi kuze kube ubusika noma ikhefu lasehlobo, futhi inkantolo izakuziphindisela. Izisebenzi zezempi ezikhutheleyo ngokuvamile zikhululwa ngokuphelele phakathi nenkonzo, kodwa abaphinde bakhokhele ukukhulula kwesikole namalungu esizwe kungase kudingeke ukuba babonise iziyalezo zabo ezisebenzayo. Ababheki bezokwelapha izimo ezihlangene nenkonzo nabo bangafanelekela ekukhululweni kwenkululeko yokwelapha.

Ubunzima Bezimali Nokuzisiza

Abantu abazisebenzelayo, izisebenzi ezizisebenzelayo, nabaninimabhizinisi abancane bavame ukubhekana nobunzima obukhulu kakhulu obungokwezimali obuvela esabelweni sokwahlulela. Uma uhulumeni wakho ungaqinisekisi umsebenzi wokwahlulela (iningi likhokha imali encane kuphela nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-R2, ungaphikisa ngokuthi ukukhonza kungabangela “ubunzima obungabekezeleleki noma ukulahlekelwa okukhulu.” Gcina amarekhodi emali elahlekile noma iholo, futhi ukulungele ukubonisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho alikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwakho. Ezinye izinkantolo zamukela “izindleko zemali ezivamile ezisemthethweni ze-penivit” ezisayinwe ngesigwebo se-penjicaly.

Imiphumela Yokungayinaki Izihloko Ezifingqiwe Zobusha

Ngisho noma ukholelwa ukuthi ukhululekile ngokomthetho, ukungazinaki izimemezelo zamajaji akuwona neze umbono omuhle. izinkantolo zinamathuluzi anamandla okuphoqelela ukuba ube khona, futhi imiphumela ingaba mikhulu kakhulu kunokuzihlawulisa nje.

Imali Ehle Neyokuhholelwa

Izifunda eziningi ziphonsa intela yokuhluleka ukuvela ngaphandle kwezaba. Izilinganiso zangempela zisukela ku $100 kuya ku-R1,000, kuye ngokuthi yicala lokuqala yini. Ezinye izibalo zinezela izindleko zokulawula nezindleko zenkantolo, ziguqula ifa elincane libe isikweleti esibalulekile. Ukuhluleka ukukhokha kungaholela ebhandeni eligunyaziwe, ekubhalisweni kwemoto, noma ekukhokheni iholo.

Ukulahlwa Kwenkantolo

Uma inkantolo inquma ukuthi uyigwemile ngamabomu inkonzo, ungabekwa icala lokudelela inkantolo. Ukugwetshwa kungaphumela ekukhokhelweni okukhulu, esikhathini sokugqunywa ejele (ngokuvamile kuze kube izinsuku ezingu-30), noma zombili. Izinkantolo azivamile ukusebenzisa ijele kwabephula umthetho besikhathi sokuqala, kodwa ukungathathi hlangothi noma ukungasinaki kakhulu isigwebo kungabangela lesi sigwebo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthola indelelo kungahlala njalo embhalweni wakho futhi kungavela ezinhlolweni zesizinda.

Ukugwema Imiphumela Engahlosiwe

Indlela elula yokugwema izijeziso iwukusabela emyalezweni, ngisho noma ungakwazi ukusebenza. Ucingo noma i-imeyili emfushane ehhovisi lejaji elichaza isimo sakho ikwenza ubhalwe njengobambisana. Uma ukhululiwe futhi ungasakwazi ukukhonza, cela ukuba ubekezelelwe noma ujezise. Izinkantolo zikhetha ukusebenza nawe kunokuba zikujezise. Khumbula ukuthi izisebenzi zomsizi zingabantu abavamile abaqonda ukuphila okwenzekayo, ziyokwenza ukuba usebenze ngokuzivumelanisa nawe uma nje uxoxa.

Isiphetho

Ukuba okhululiwe emsebenzini wejaji akusho ukuthi awuyinaki intela. Ngokuqonda uhlobo lokukhulula, ukuqoqa amaxwebhu alungile, nokulandela inqubo yenkantolo, ungathethelelwa ngaphandle kokucindezela noma isijeziso. Uma isimo sakho sezokwelapha, esiwedwa, noma esiwuchwepheshe, ukukhulumisana okusheshayo kuyisisihluthulelo. Uma unqatshelwa, khumbula ukuthi ukunxusa nokuhlehliswa kukhona. Isimiso sobulungisa silinganisela isidingo seqembu labameleli bejaji kanye namaqiniso okuphila kwanamuhla. Ukusabela kwakho okusheshayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulinganisela kuyasebenza kuwe.