Isithembiso somthetho siyisisekelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi, ikakhulukazi ezingeni lendawo lapho izinqumo zithinta khona ukuphila kwansuku zonke (kusukela ekwakheni imithetho nezimali zesikole kuya ekuvikelekeni komphakathi nasezinkonzweni zezokukhucululwa kwendle. Uma izakhamuzi zithatha indima ekhuthele ekulolongeni imiphakathi yazo, zenza okungaphezu kwemibono nje yezwi; zisiza ekusunguleni izimiso ezibonisa ukubeka izinto eziza kuqala futhi zakhe isisekelo sokwethembana phakathi kwezakhamuzi neziphathimandla zendawo.

Ekujuleni kwayo, ukubophana kwezakhamuzi zomphakathi kuguqula izakhamuzi ezingasabeli zizenze abakhi abahlala kuzo. Lokhu kuhlanganyela kungaba ngezindlela eziningi zokwenza ukhetho lukamasipala, ukuhlela ukuqulwa kwezindaba, ukusebenza emikhandlwini yomphakathi, noma ukuhlela ukuhlanzwa komphakathi. Isenzo ngasinye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikhulu noma sincane, sifaka umphumela owenzile owenza ukuba uhulumeni wasendaweni aphendule futhi angabi nalutho. Ukucwaninga [kuyindawo: 0] eMzindeni wokucwaninga [umphakathi] [[FLT] kubonisa njalo ukuthi imiphakathi enezingalo ephakeme yokuhlanganyela komphakathi ifaka umbiko wenkonzo yomphakathi nokwehla kwezombangazwe. Lesihloko sihlola ukuthi kungani kuhlanganisa izindaba zomphakathi ngenxa yokwenza isinqumo sendawo, ukuthi kuzuzisa kanjani kokubili imiphakathi nemiphakathi, izithina, izithi ezingasekela ezindleleni eziwusizo, nokukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela kwezelulek'indlela yokuhlanganyela.

Ukuqonda Ingxenye Yesidumbu

Nakuba igama elithi [[QUL:0] isetshenziswa kakhulu, linencazelo eqondile emongweni wombuso wendawo. Libhekisela ezindleleni abantu namaqembu abasebenza ngazo ukuthonya izinqumo zomphakathi, ukuxazulula izinkinga zomphakathi, nokunezela ekuthuthukiseni okuhle. Uhlelo oluwusizo luhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu zokuthembisana:

  • [ ukuthembisana ukunqoba [ - imisebenzi ehlangene ngokuqondile nokhetho, njengokuvota, ukuzinikela komkhankaso, nokuqoqa imali.
  • isithembiso sokuhlanganyela [ - - Ukuhileleka ezinqubweni zomphakathi ezingokomthetho, kuhlanganise nokuya emihlanganweni yedolobha, ukunikeza iziphetho zomphakathi, noma ukukhonza emabhodini okuhlola.
  • [ Ukuthembisana [ - - - ukuthatha isinyathelo esincane njengokujoyina inhlangano yomakhelwane, ukuzinikela ngenzuzo yendawo, noma ukusayina isicelo.

Uhlobo ngalunye ludlala indima ehlukile. Incazelo ye-[FLT:] inquma ukuthi ubani ophethe isikhundla; isimo sokuthembisana indlela ezinqunywe ngayo izinqumo zenza ngayo; futhi ukubophana kwakha inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo eyenza ukuba kwenzeke. Ngokwencazelo ethathwe ku- American Psychological Association [, isibopho somphakathi sihlanganisa nomqondo wengqondo wobungane nomthwalo oshukumisela abantu ukuba benze okuthile. Lomuzwa wokuba nomphakathi ubalulekile: ngaphandle kwawo, ngisho nokubekwa izimpawu zokuhlanganyela kwemisebenzi yokusebenza komphakathi kungasetshenziswa.

Ukwenza isinqumo endaweni kunikeza inkundla ekhethekile yezivumelwano zomphakathi ngoba izigxobo ziqinile futhi ibanga eliphakathi kwezakhamuzi nezikhulu lifushane. Isinqumo esiphathelene nokukhanya kwezimoto noma ukuvuselelwa kwepaki singabonwa, sithinteke, futhi sitholwe izakhamuzi. Lokhu kuveza ukuthembisana kwendawo ngendlela elula kakhulu kunezombangazwe zesizwe, futhi ngokuvamile kuvuza kakhulu. Uma izakhamuzi zibona ukufakwa kwazo kuholela emzileni omusha webhayisekili noma umfula ohlanzekile, ziyohlala zihilelekile futhi zithembe inqubo yentando yeningi.

Izinzuzo Zokuhlanganyela Emsebenzini

Ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kunikeza izinzuzo ezingcono kokubili kubantu ngabanye nasemphakathini othé xaxa.

Amandla Nenhlangano

Isithembiso sokwenza abantu bazizwe benamandla aqinisekile ezindaweni zabo ezizungezile. Uma isakhamuzi sikhuluma ezindlebeni ezihlalayo futhi ibhodi elihlelayo ilungisa ukusikisela ekuphenduleni, lokho okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu okuphathelene nezwi lakhe. Lokhu kunikeza amandla ngokuvamile kudlulela ngalé kwempikiswano eqondile: abantu abazizwa bephumelela kwezinye izingxenye zokuphila. Ukuhlela imizamo enjenge-Dudley Street Conity Encodity eBoston kubonisa indlela isibopho esiqhubekayo esingaguqula ngayo izifunda ezingaphansi kwezindawo ezigciniwe, kunikeze izakhamuzi inzuzo yokuzuza inzuzo yokutshala izimali nokuthuthukisa intuthuko.

Inhlangano Yomphakathi

Ukuhlanganyela kuhlanganisa ubuhlobo. Ukusebenza ndawonye ezindaweni ezihlanzekile zomphakathi noma ukuhlala ndawonye ekomitini kwakha izibopho zomphakathi eziqinisa isisekelo somphakathi. Isazi sezezenhlalo uRobert Putnam sibonisa ukuthi imiphakathi enemifelandawo ebanzi yokuhlangana kwezakhamuzi iyakwazi ukumelana, inezinga lobugebengu eliphansi, futhi isabela ngokuphumelelayo ezinkingeni. Uma omakhelwane bazina ngeqembu lamabhange noma ngenhlangano yomzali, basengozini kakhulu yokuqaphela ukuthi omunye nomunye, bahlanganyela, futhi basizane ngezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga zendawo.

Izakhamuzi Ezinolwazi

Abantu abahlanganyela ekubuseni kwendawo bayazi kangcono indlela umphakathi wabo osebenza ngayo. Bafunda ngokulinganiselwa kwemali, izimfuneko ezingokomthetho, kanye nokungalawuleki okuzuzwa ngezimiso. Lolwazi lulwa nokungaqondi kahle futhi lunciphisa igebe phakathi kwalokho izakhamuzi ezikukholelwayo nalokho okwenzekayo. Ukuhlola okuvela ku- Umphakathi u-Conculatium wezeNhlonzo yezezombangazwe nezomphakathi [[ uthole ukuthi abavotayo ababa khona emihlanganweni yendawo noma abalandela izindaba zikamasipala banembile kakhulu ekuqondeni kwabo izinto eziza kuqala zemali kanye nezingakhokhwa zokuphepha emphakathini.

Ukulandisa Kwabaholi Bendawo

Lapho izakhamuzi zithembisene ukuganana, izikhulu ziyazi ukuthi ziyagadiwa. Ukuba khona njalo emihlanganweni yomkhandlu wedolobha, iziphetho zomphakathi, namakomiti okuhlola izibalo kwenza kube nobufakazi obudambisa ukonakala futhi kukhuthaze ukubusa okusabela. Ukucwaninga kweWorld Bank kuye kwabonisa ukuthi imiphakathi enezinga eliphakeme lokuhlanganyela komphakathi kuthambekele ekutheni izimali zomphakathi zinciphe kancane. Izakhamuzi ezihlanganyela njalo zingabuza imibuzo enzima, zifune ukwaziswa okusebenzayo, futhi zivote izikhulu ezisebenza ngaphansi kwegunyaza impatho, ngaleyondlela zigcine idemocratic déography iphila.

Ukuphila Okungcono

Imiphakathi emisa ukubopha izivumelwano zomphakathi ivame ukubona intuthuko engokoqobo: amapaki angcono anakekelwayo, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi eziphumelela kakhulu, nezinkonzo zomphakathi ezibonisa izidingo ezingokoqobo. Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuhlela uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali emadolobheni anjengePorto Alegre, Brazil, neDolobha laseNew York kuye kwabonisa ukuthi lapho izakhamuzi zinquma ngokuqondile ukuthi zihlelela kanjani ingxenye yemali kamasipala, izakhiwo eziwumphumela zihambisana kakhulu nezinto eziza kuqala emphakathini, ziholela ekwanelisekeni okukhulu ngezinkonzo zomphakathi. Umbiko ovela ku-[FLT] Iprojecting Prigialging [ waphawula ukuthi amavoti anjalo ayandayo futhi ancishiciselwayo futhi athembe uhulumeni wendawo.

Izindlela Zokuhileleka

Indlela ephumelelayo yokuthembisana ixhomeke ezintweni umuntu azithandayo, ukuba khona namakhono akhe.

  • Imihlangano yomphakathi ehlangene kakhulu. umkhandlu wedolobha, ibhodi yesikole, ikhomishane yokuhlanganisa indawo, nemihlangano yebhodi yomtapo yezincwadi cishe ivulekele umphakathi njalo. Ngisho noma ungakhulumi, ukulalela kunikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngendlela izinqumo ezenziwa ngayo. Imihlangano eminingi manje igelezela kuyi-intanethi, okwenza kube lula ukuba khona.
  • [ I-volunteer yebhodi noma i-commission. Omasipala abaningi banemizimba ehlobisayo /imishini yokuhlela izitshalo, amabhodi epaki, imikhandlu yobudlelwane babantu edinga amalungu ezakhamuzi. Lezi zindima zinikeza isihlalo esiqondile etafuleni lokwenza izinqumo.
  • Amaqembu omphakathi. Lamaqembu anezimpande zotshani ngokuvamile anendlebe yezikhulu zendawo futhi angasekela intuthuko njengokuzola kwezimoto, ukulungisa imigwaqo, noma ukuqasha kwamaphoyisa.
  • Paricipate kuhlolo lomphakathi. Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo manje babamba amashabhu omphakathi noma basakaza ukuhlola phakathi nenqubo yokuhlela. Ukunikela ngombono wakho kuyindlela ephansi yokuthonya imiphumela.
  • Ukukhokha kunoma yiluphi ukhetho lwendawo. ibhodi yesikole, umphathi-meya, umkhandlu wedolobha, umphathi wesifunda, nebhola lomphakathi konke kuthinta ukuphila kwendawo. Ukubhalisa kuyisisekelo sokuthembisana, kodwa ukhetho lwendawo luvame ukuncipha kakhulu. Ukukhuthaza abangane nomakhelwane ukuba bavote ithonya.
  • Sebenzisa amaplatifomu enombolo ngokuhlakanipha. Ukuhlanganyela nama-akhawunti ezenhlalo e-methomu asemthethweni, ukusayina amapheshana kamasipala, nokuhlanganyela emabhokisini okuphendula ku-inthanethi. Qaphela amagumbi omsindo we-algorithm-driven; hlela imithombo engokomthetho.
  • Izenzakalo zomphakathi ezingathi zilungile. Abalimi bathengisa izimakethe, amaqembu avimbelayo, imikhosi yamasiko, kanye nokusizana kungabonakala kungokwezombangazwe, kodwa bakha ukuhlobana komphakathi okusekela isenzo somphakathi.

Izinselele Zokuhlanganyela Emsebenzini Wesibeletho

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo ezicacile, imiphakathi eminingi izama ukusekela izinga eliphakeme lokuhlanganyela.

Ukunganaki Nokuxoshana

Ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi inomuzwa wokuthi ukuhlanganyela kwawo ngeke kusenze umehluko. Lomuzwa wokusebenza uphansi kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamuzi ezisencane kanye nakulabo abasemiphakathini ephansi, okungenzeka baye babhekana nokukhishwa kwesimiso sohlelo. Amazinga okhetho lwezwe ngokuvamile ayanda cishe ngo-20/30%, uphawu oluphawulekayo lokuhlulwa. Ukunganaki kudinga ukubonisa ukuthi kunqoba ikhonkthi.

Ukuntuleka Kolwazi Nokuqaphela

Izakhamuzi eziningi azikwazi nje ngemihlangano ezayo, izimiso ezihlongozwayo, noma indlela yokuhileleka. Ohulumeni bendawo bavame ukuthembela emithonjeni yezindaba engokwesiko noma kumabhodi ezindaba, okungase kungafinyeleli izakhamuzi ezintsha noma izikhulumi zesiNgisi. Ukwehlukaniswa kwenombolo nakho kunendima: kuyilapho eminye imiphakathi inamathuluzi amakhulu okubopha i-ingosi ye-intanethi, eminye ayinakho ukutholakala okungangeni mahhala noma imithombo yezokufunda ye-athom. Ngokungatholi kwaziswa okuphansi kuyancipha.

Isikhathi Esinzima

Ukuphila kwanamuhla kushiya indawo yomsebenzi wemisebenzi eminingi yamuva wesikole. Abantu abaningi basebenza imisebenzi eminingi, bathatha amabanga amade, noma banemithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela eyenza ukuba imihlangano yakusihlwa ibe nzima phakathi kwesonto. Ngisho nezakhamuzi ezizinikele zingakuthola kunzima ukuya kuzo zonke izenzakalo ezihlobene. Ukukhetha okuvumelanayo kokuthembisana ngezikhathi ezithile, izikhathi zokunikeza izingxube zempelasonto, noma iziteshi zeqembu elincane lokulalela lesithiyo.

Ukwesaba Ukuphindisela

Ukukhuluma ngezindaba eziphikisanayo kungazizwa kuyingozi. Izakhamuzi zingakhathazeka ngezinkinga zomakhelwane, abaqashi, noma izithakazelo zendawo ezinamandla. Emiphakathini eqinile noma emadolobheni amancane, ukugxekwa komphakathi kwesikhulu eside kungadala ukushuba komphakathi. Ukuveza iziteshi zokunikeza ukwaziswa okungaziwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imihlangano yomphakathi iphephile, izindawo ezihloniphekile zisiza ekunciphiseni lokhu kwesaba.

Ukungathembani Ezinhlanganweni

Ukukhungatheka ngohulumeni ongaphumeleli, inkohlakalo ecatshangelwayo, noma izikhulu ezingasabeli kungaholela izakhamuzi ekulahleni ngokuphelele. Ukungathembi kuvame ukusabela ngokunengqondo ekwehlulekeni kwesikhathi esidlule. Ukukulungisa kudinga ukuba kube sobala, ulandele njalo, futhi uzame ukuhlanganisa labo abaye babekwa indinganiso ngokomlando. Ukwethemba kuyinqubo ethatha kancane, kodwa kuqala ngokubonakalisa ubuqotho okungaguquguquki.

Ukuthuthukisa Isivumelwano Sobunye

Ukunqoba izithiyo zokuthembisana kudinga amasu okuzithandela ezinhlangano zikahulumeni nomphakathi. Ukukhushulelwa okuphumelelayo kudlulela ngalé kokucela isenzo, kudala isimo sendawo ezungezile esenza ukuhlanganyela, ukuthatha isinyathelo nokusiza kube lula.

Imfundo Nokufunda

Imfundo ye-pic kufanele iqale ekuqaleni, ezikoleni, futhi iqhubeke ngezinhlelo zokufunda zabantu abadala. Izakhamuzi eziningi azifundi ukuthi uhulumeni wazo uhlelwe kanjani, ukuthi zingathola kanjani ummeleli womkhandlu, noma zifake kanjani isikhalo. Izincwadi zomphakathi, amakholiji omphakathi, namaqembu angenanzuzo angangenisa izishalo zokubhala izihloko ezinjengesithi “Ukuqonda Intengo Yenu Yempahla” noma“ Indlela Yokukhuluma Kulwazi Lomphakathi.” Abantu abaqonda isimiso bahlonyiswe kangcono ukusisebenzisa.

Izinhlaka Ezitholakalayo Nezilimi Eziningi

Imizuzu yomhlangano, iziphakamiso, nezaziso zomphakathi kufanele zitholakale ngezilimi eziningi nangezindlela eziningi", print, i-imeyili, umbhalo, nezokuxhumana. I-Onlineal evumela ukukhulumela komphakathi kwangempela phakathi nemihlangano, kanye ne-panfronown engenisayo (umz., ukuhlola kuvuleke inyanga eyodwa), imingcele ephansi yalabo abangakwazi ukuhlala bekhona. Idolobha lase Madrid’s Madrid’s Madrid [[[FLT:]] DEVIDE Madrid iyisibonelo esiphambili sokuthembisa ngobuchwepheshe, ukuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zenze impikiswano, impikiswano, nevoti yezimiso.

Ukuba Nobungane Nokungenela

Imizamo yokuzibandakanya kumelwe ifinyelele abantu abangaphansi ngenhloso: abaqasheli, abangenamakhaya aphansi, abathola imali, abasha, nabantu abanombala. Lokhu kungasho ukuba nemihlangano ezikhungweni zomphakathi kunokuba kube yihholo lomuzi, ukunikeza izinkonzo zokunakekela nokuchaza izingane, noma ukuthatha inxaxheba ezindaweni ezibonisa isikhathi sabo (umz., ngokusebenzisa amabhodi anezigqibi). I-National Cvic League’s [FLT: 0] i-AISCORY City Award [ yonke i-AIMERICA] iyayiqaphela imiphakathi ebonisa isikhathi sayo (umz., ukubambisana.

Ukuqashelwa Nezinsalela Zokudla

Uma izakhamuzi zihlanganyela, iminikelo yazo kufanele ivunywe. Lokhu kungaba lula njengokuzibonga phakathi nomhlangano, ukunyathelisa uhlu lwezisebenzi zokuzithandela ephephabhukwini, noma ukunikeza izitifiketi zokuqashelwa. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ohulumeni kumelwe bavale icebo ngokuchaza indlela ukufakwa komphakathi okuthonye ngayo isinqumo, noma uma kungenjalo, kungani ukubheka izinto ngokugqamile kwakha ukwethemba futhi kukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela esikhathini esizayo.

Indima Kahulumeni Wendawo Njengomsizi

Izikhulu eziqashelwe kanye nezisebenzi zasedolobheni zamisa indlela yokuthembisana umphakathi. Abaholi abafuna ukuzwa ngokusemthethweni, balalele ngaphandle kokuzivikela, futhi babheke ukukhulumela komphakathi njengenzuzo eyigugu kunokuba kube yisici esicasulayo esikhuthaza ukuhlanganyela. Ukusungula izinhlelo ezinjengokuhlelwa kwemali, izinkulumo zomphakathi, nezinkulumo zomphakathi, kanye neziqubulo zomphakathi ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukuganana akusona isenzakalo esingekho nje kodwa kuyinto eqhubekayo. Amadolobha anjengoSeattle no-Austin aye anikela ngokuthuthukisa ukuhleleka nokwenza izivumelwano, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwaso.

Isiphetho

Impilo yentando yeningi yendawo ixhomeke ekuhilelekeni okunamandla kwezakhamuzi zayo. Ukuthembisana nge-COVIC kuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abathinteke kakhulu ngezinqumo basho okuthile ekuzenzeni, okuphumela ezimisweni ezisabela kakhulu, ezilinganayo, neziphumelelayo. Izinzuzo [“ukubambisana, ukulandisa, ukulandisa, nokuthuthukisa ukuphila, kufakazelwa kahle, kanye nezinselele zokunganaki, isikhathi, nokungathembani.

Ukuhlangana akusona isenzo esisodwa kodwa ubuhlobo obuqhubekayo phakathi kwezakhamuzi nezinhlangano zazo zendawo. Wonke umuntu angaqala buncane: ukuba khona emhlanganweni owodwa, ukufunda uhlelo olulodwa, ukukhuluma nomakhelwane oyedwa ngendaba yendawo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezizenzo zinqwabelana emandleni ahlanganisa imiphakathi. Ikusasa lokubusa kwendawo alikho kulokho uhulumeni akwenzayo ku izakhamuzi zayo, kodwa kulokho okwenziwa kanye [i-[FLT]].