Amandla Ahlala Njalo Ezithombe Zasebukhosini

Imifanekiso yamakhosi iye yasebenza isikhathi eside njengemifanekiso efana neyamakhosi nemikhaya yawo. Ngaphesheya kwamakhulu namasiko, lezithombe ziye zasebenza njengamathuluzi anamandla okuhlela umbuso, izimpawu zokuqhubeka kwemisebenzi yeminyaka, nezibuko zezindinganiso ezishintshanayo zobuciko nezezenhlalo. Kusukela emidwebweni eqinile yeNkathi Ephakathi kuya ezithombeni ezingokomthetho ezihlotshisiwe zanamuhla, izithombe zobukhosi zihlala ziyifasitela eliyingqayizivele ukuze zingene ngendlela amandla aziveza ngayo i-̬ futhi nendlela ifuna ukukhunjulwa ngayo. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwazo akudingi ukuhlola lokho lemifanekiso eboniswayo kuphela, kodwa okufihlekile.

Umsuka Nemisebenzi Yokudweba Izithombe Kwakuqala Ebukhosini

Isiko lokuthumela izithombe zobukhosi lidlulela kude kakhulu, kodwa isimo njengoba sisiqaphela namuhla sachazwa enkathini ephakathi naseNkathi yeNguquko Yurophu. Ngaphambi kokuba kube khona izithombe ezinyathelisiwe, i-monarch ̱ imifanekiso yayiyinto eyivelakancane, elawulwayo. Yaboniswa emahholo amakhulu noma yanikezwa njengezipho zokuxhumana, ngokuvamile isebenza njengendawo yokuma kumbusi i-̱ ukuba khona ngokoqobo. Enkathini engenakho ukuthwebula noma inqwaba, isithombe esidwetshiwe sasiyindlela eyinhloko izihloko nezinkantolo zakwamanye amazwe ezazingaveza ngayo umbono wombusi wazo.

Lemifanekiso yokuqala yagcizelela isigaba sabefundisi, umkhosi, nezimfanelo ezingokomfanekiso kumniningwane wemvelo. Inkosi yayingase iboniswe ibekwe esihlalweni sobukhosi, iphethe intonga yesibambiso ne-ob, iminwe emibili yesibusiso iphakanyiswe i-̬ isitho esifingqiwe esibolekiwe esithombeni esibonisa uKristu ngobukhulu. Umsebenzi wawungekona ukuthatha ubuntu obuhlukile kodwa ukuhlanganisa isikhundla ngokwaso. Umbusi wayengasekhonjwa umuntu oyedwa kunesitsha segunya laphezulu, futhi isithombe siqinisekisiwe lowo myalezo ngazo zonke izici zempahla, isimo, kanye nokubekwa.

Ngekhulu leshumi nanhlanu leminyaka, ukunyuka kokudweba uwoyela kanye nethonya le-Netherlandish memorial kwaqala ukuguqula le-paradigm. Ingcweti njengoJan van Eyck yaletha ukunakekela okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili ekwakhekeni, ekukhanyeni, nasezicini ngazinye, ngisho nasezithombeni zenkantolo yaseBurgundian. Nakuba kunjalo ngisho nalapho ukudweba kwangempela, izimpawu zaqhubeka zivelele. Indlovukazi i̱ ingubo ehlotshiswe ngezimbali ingase ibhekisele ekuvuleni; ukufakwa kwetshe eliyigugu elithile kwakungabhekisela ekuhlanganeni kwezombangazwe noma ekuphikiseni isihlalo sobukhosi. Lezithombe zazisebenza njengezinkulumo ezifihliwe zezombangazwe, eziqondenezelwe.

Ukuziphendukela Kwendlela Yokubuyiselwa Kwesizwe

Ukusetshenziswa Kobuntu KweNkathi Yempucuko Nenkosi Nganye

INkathi Yenguquko yagcizelela kabusha umuntu ngamunye, futhi imifanekiso yasebukhosini yaqala ukubonisa ukungezwani phakathi kwesikhundla nomuntu. UTitian ̱ imifanekiso kaMbusi uCharles V, ngokwesibonelo, ithatha kokubili ubunzima bombuso nomuntu okhathele yiyo. ENgilandi, uHans Holbein Omncane wadala izithombe ezingacimekiyo zikaHenry VIIINÔ wazembatha, wagqoka kahle kakhulu, futhi walawula isakhiwo. Lemifanekiso yayiveza amandla nengcebo, kodwa futhi yasikisela nobuntu obungemva komqhele. Umdwebi wezethi i-̱ ikhono lokuhumusha inyama, indwangu, futhi yenza i-modensi ibe nomuzwa okhona, ongokoqobo kakhulu, futhi owesabekayo.

Phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesithupha leminyaka, izithombe zasebukhosini zaba amathuluzi abalulekile okulandelana nokuphathana komshado. Lapho u-Elizabeth I waseNgilandi ehlala ezithombeni zakhe, zonke izici zahlolwa ukuba zidlulisele imiyalezo yobumsulwa, ubuProthestani, kanye nesifiso sombuso. Umfanekiso odumile we-#8220; Armada Paration Ý ubonisa isandla sakhe simi embulungeni yonke, ingubo yakhe ihlotshiswe ngamapare (isihefu), futhi ngemva, imikhumbi yempi yaseSpain enqotshiwe. I-spool prostay iwumbhalo ongokomlando, ingxenye yenkulumo eqanjiwe, nomsebenzi wezobuciko ohlala njalo.

UBaroque Grandeur Nelungelo Laphezulu

Inkathi yeBaroque yaqinisa ukubukeka kwemifanekiso yasebukhosini. Ukubusa isikhathi eside kukaLouis XIV waseFrance kanye nabantu besikhathi sakhe kwafuna izithombe ezazingathusa izikhonzi futhi zesabise izimbangi. Ingcweti ezinjenge Hyacinthe Rigaud zadweba iNkosi yelanga ithwele ingubo yokubopha, ngendwangu ende, i-ermine, nenkemba kaCharlemagne. Lesithombe sicishe sinamandla amakhulu kakhulu emininingwaneni nasesigabeni sayo, esiklanyelwe ukushiya ukungabaza okungakholeki ngombusi u̱ amandla aphelele nangokuthi unegunya lakhe lokunikeza uNkulunkulu igunya.

Lendlela yasakazekela eYurophu. ESpain, uDiego Valázquez wadweba inkantolo yaseHabsburg ngohlobo oluhlukile lobungangamsha ̬ isiqu esihlangene nobukhulu kanye nokujula kwengqondo, njengoba kubonakala ezithombeni zakhe zikaPhilip IV neNcana Margarita osemusha. ENgilandi, uSir Anthony van Dyck waveza umbono ofanele wenkantolo yaseCaroline, enza iNkosi uCharles I ibonakale njengelungu elinomphakathi, isikhulu seze ngisho nalapho izingxabano zezombangazwe zinyuka. Umfanekiso wasebukhosini iBaroque yayivame ukuba yinto eyodwa ebiza kakhulu esigodlweni, iveza ukubaluleka kwayo njengethuluzi lokubusa.

Ikhulu Le - 18 Nele - 19: Kusukela Ebuntwini Kuya Ekusondelaneni

Ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili leminyaka, imibono yokukhanyiselwa yaqala ukuvuselela amathemba angaphambili obuholi nokumelelwa. Abaholi bafuna kakhulu ukubhekwa njengobaba abanomusa kubantu babo kunokuba babhekwe njengonkulunkulu abakude. Izithombe zabadwebi njengoJoshua Reynolds noThomas Gaillborough benkantolo yaseBrithani zathambisa umthetho oqinile wezikhathi zangaphambili, ukubeka abaholi ebukhosini ezimweni zobufundisi noma ukubabonisa benze imisebenzi yomkhaya. Isigijimi esisuka ku-“ ngingumbusi wakho omiswe yilungelo laphezulu i-& #8221; kuya ku-#820; i-I inhloko yomkhaya nesizwe.&8220.

Ukusungulwa kwezithombe zezithombe ekhulwini leshumi elinethoba kwaletha izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu. Isithombe esidumile sikaJohn Jabez Edwin Mayall, [[FL:] INdlovukazi neFamily , yamukela i-prognome entsha ngentshiseko, ithumela izithombe ezambonisa njengomfazi, umama, nomfelokazi, kanye nombusi. Isithombe esidumile sikaJohn Jabez Edwin Mayall, [[FLT:] iNdlovukazi neFamily [[FLLT:1], saveza i-robom njengesibonelo sobuhle basekhaya ngesikhathi uMbuso waseBrithani udinga isitebe seze, uphawu olusahluzo.

Ukuqeda Izimpawu Ezigcawini Zenkosi

Isici ngasinye sesithombe esingokomthetho sasebukhosini sikhethwa ngenhloso. Izithsaba, izibopho zobukhosi, nezinkemba ziyizimpawu ezisobala kakhulu zegunya, kodwa kugcwele izikhalo ezicashile. Indinginya yeparele ingamelela izinyembezi noma inyanga, ngaleyondlela ixhumanisa indlovukazi noDiana ihlola. Ikhothamo elisemuva lisikisela amandla nokuqina. Ifasitela elivulekile lingasikisela ukubonakala obala noma ukwambulwa kweqiniso. Ngisho nesiqondiso se-monarch ̱ imibhekisho: ukubheka ngokuqondile ekunakekeleni isiyalo; ukubheka eceleni ukusikisela noma ukuhlobana ne-gobo.

I-costme inesifekethiso esinemifuziselo ngokukhethekile. Uboya be-Ermine, ngokuvamile obugcinelwe ama-monal, izimpawu nesikhundla. Umbala onsomi ubulokhu uhlotshaniswa nenkosi ngenxa yezindleko zodayi waseThire. Emifanekisweni yeNdlovukazi uVictoria, ingubo emhlophe egqokwa uAlexandra waseDenmark (kamuva iNdlovukazi uAlexandra) yamisa imfashi eyaqhubeka ithonya omakoti basebukhosini namuhla. Kodwa ukukhetha ukugqoka okubonisa amaqiniso ezombangazwe: Victoria ̱ kamuva imifanekiso ibonisa umfelokazi u-̱ u-mfeketha, isikhumbuzo esinamandla sokulila kwakhe isikhathi eside ku-Albert nokuthobeka.

Izinga lokuma kwesizinda nezilungiselelo azivamile ngengozi. Izindawo ezibukekayo zingabhekisela emasimini ngaphansi kwe-monarch ̱ umthetho. Izindawo ezingaphakathi ezinezici zokwakha ezikwaziyo ̬ njengeSigodlo seVersailles ezithombeni zikaLouis XVIA ̬ umnyombo wombusi endaweni ethile ewumbuso. Ngekhulu lama-20, imifanekiso engokomthetho ka-Elizabeth II yayivame ukumbeka ezizingenisweni ezilula, ezifudumeleyo noma ezigadinini zezindlu zasebukhosini, isikisela ukusondela okungalawulekiyo lapho ihlala ihloniphekile.

Izibonelo Eziphawulekayo Emhlabeni Wonke

U - Elizabeth I: Isifihla - buso Sobusha

Imifanekiso yeNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth I iphakathi kwezifundo ezifundwa kakhulu ezinsukwini zobulungu. Ibhekene nenselele yokumelela indlovukazi engashadile, engenabantwana ezweni lenzalamizi, inkantolo yakhe yakha ulimi olubonakalayo lobusha baphakade, ubumsulwa, nokungabi nabunkimbinkimbi. I-̴ iDitchley Prifigration ̵ ibonisa ukuthi ime ebalazweni laseNgilandi, izinyawo zayo zitshalwe ngokuqinile endaweni yayo. I-#820; i-Ranbow Char ̵ iyi-web enomfashing: ingubon enombala ophothiweyo namehlo nezindlebe (ibona futhi izwa konke), inyoka yokuhlakanipha emkhonweni wayo, futhi esandleni sayo itshane ngothingongothi lwesiqu sayo. [FLD:][FF][1]

Louis XIV: Ifektri yesithombe seNkosi yangasese

Akukho nkosi emlandweni eyayingahlosile ngokusebenzisa umfanekiso womfanekiso kunoLouis XIV. Umfanekiso kaHyacinthe Rigaud kusukela ngo-1701 waba umfanekiso oqinisekile wombuso ophelele. Inkosi iboniswa maphakathi nawo-nyaka wesithupha, isabeka, igqoka ingubo yokuthweswa kanye nesomqanda woMbuso Ongcwele. Ngamuva kwayo, ikhethisa ikhethini elisindayo ukuze yambule insika nesisekelo esisekela umqhele. Ukwakhiwa kuyikhono lokusakaza inkulumo - zenkohliso: inkosi ibusa lonke indwangubo, futhi imboni i-̱ iso lidonswa ngokungagwegwegwesi ebusweni bayo obuqinile, obunegunya. Lesithombe sathunyelwa njalo futhi sathunyelwa ezinkantolo ngaphesheya kweYurophu, sasakaza iNdlozi &817; ukudumela kwenkosi.

INdlovukazi uVictoria nokuzalwa kwe “ IMonarchy ̵

Ngokungafani nebhomust ye-absalutism yaseFrance, iNdlovukazi uVictoria ’ i-Sspell yaqala indlela esondelene kakhulu, ezwakalayo yokudweba imifanekiso yasebukhosini. Idwetshwe futhi kamuva imifanekiso yagcizelela izibopho zobufandala kanye nokuzibeka phansi kwesimilo. E-Franz Xaver Winterhalter ’ u-1846, ukudweba, Umkhaya wamakhosi ngo-1146 , uVictoria no-Albert bazungeniswa abantwana babo embuthanweni okhululekileyo, owendawo yasekhaya. Indlovukazi igqoka izingubo ezimhlophe ezimhlophe; inkosikazi iyingudengu-mfanzi ewumpesheni ezivamile. Umyalezo wawucacile: i-British romands, futhi uzwa isigaba esiphakathi somkhaya.

I - monarch Yanamuhla: U - Elizabeth II Nangalé Kwayo

Izithombe zeNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II phakathi nokubusa kwakhe isikhathi eside zilandela iqoqo elihlelwe kahle lesiko nokutholakala. Izithombe zakuqala ezingokomthetho, njengalezo zikaCecil Beaton, zanikeza indlovukazi esencane ebekwe ebukhosini obuphelele, izungezwe imidwebo yamakhulu eminyaka adlulela phambili. Kamuva imifanekiso ka-Annie Leibovitz nabanye bayibonise ezimweni ezikhululekile kakhulu: ukuhamba ezingadini zase-Winds, emi emtatsheni wezincwadini eBalma, noma ihlelwe nayo. Lezi zithombe zilondoloza isithunzi somqhele wamakhulu eminyaka kodwa zidlulisela nomqondo wenkosi engenekayo, futhi ixhunyiwe kakhulu nesizwe sayo.

Ifa Lesiko Lokubuka Izithombe Ebukhosini

Imifanekiso yamakhosi ayizinto eziyizinsalela zenkathi edlule. Kuyimithombo eyinhloko yokuqonda amasu olwazi nezombangazwe zangesikhathi sabo. Ukuhlolwa kwezitayela zezithombe zezithombe kwembula ukushintshashintsha kwesimo sengqondo ngegunya, ubulili, inkolo, nobuzwe. Ibhalwe futhi ushintsho ngemfashini, izinto zokuhloba, umklamo wengaphakathi, nezindlela zobuciko. Kuzazi zesayensi, umfanekiso owodwa ungaveza ukwaziswa mayelana nendlela yokudayisa (ukuvunywa kwamatshe ayigugu nendwangu), iziqu zamacala asenkantolo (ilungiselelo lezithombe), ngisho nomlando wezokwelapha (izimo zesifo esibonakalayo ngesikhumba noma isimo).

Iminyuziyamu nezindawo ezibanzi emhlabeni wonke zinikezela amaphiko onke ezithombeni zobukhosi. [[FLT:] Royal Collection Trust eUnited Kingdom ihlala iqoqo elikhulu nelibaluleke kakhulu, elihlanganisa amakhulu amahlanu eminyaka. Luvre[FLT] e-Vienna, i-[FLT] i-Museo del Prado [ i-Museo del [inxanxanxathela] eMadrid, futhi [[FLT:] K] i-thisris Museum[FLT] [FLT] egcwele izakhiwo zenkosi ezikhanga izigidi zezivakashi unyaka ngamunye. Le mifanekiso iye yaba ingxenye yenani lempucuko ehlanganisa imithombo yempucuko, nezindongalomese, nangaphandle kweminerali, futhi ivela nasemabhukwini embusweni ezombangazwe; ivela nakwezezezezezinyu mibuso; ivela nakuloba izincwadi; ibhalwe nakuloba izincwadi zezombangazwe; i

Kulenkathi lapho ukusungulwa kombuso wobukhosi kuvame ukuhlaziywa futhi kuphikiswana, lomfanekiso useyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuguqula umbono womphakathi. Ukukhishwa kwesithombe esisha esingokomthetho somkhaya wasebukhosini kungalawula imijikelezo yezindaba nemithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo izinsuku eziningi. Ukukhethwa komthwebuli wezithombe, ukumisa, ukugqoka, ngisho nokukhishwa kwamalungu athile omkhaya kuthumela izimpawu ezihlaziywa abahlaziyi nabantu ngokufanayo. Umfanekiso awusesona nje isenzakalo sokudweba noma ushicilelo; uyisenzakalo esisetshenziswa amaqembu ezokuxhumana futhi asakazwana ngemizuzwana eminingana.

Kodwa kuyo yonke ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezobuchwepheshe nangendlela yokulungisa, injongo ebalulekile yesithombe sasebukhosini ihlala ikhona. Kuwumzamo ukulungisa umfanekiso wamandla nokuqhubeka esikhathini. Yonke imifanekiso iyisimemezelo sokuthi lomuntu, lomkhaya, loluhlu lwezindaba. Njengoba i-United Kingdom, i-Netherlands, i-Monaco, kanye nezinye i-monasco zihamba ngekhulu lokuqala, ziyoqhubeka zithumela izithombe ̬ futhi umhlaba uzoqhubeka uzibheka, zifune izibonakaliso mayelana nalokho okushiwo i-Esandrom ngenkathi yedemocrali.

Isiphetho

Imifanekiso yamakhosi ayimifanekiso elula. Iwubungcweti obuyinkimbinkimbi obuhlanganisa ubuciko, izombangazwe, inkolo, kanye nokwaziwa komuntu siqu. Kusukela ezinhlalweni eziqinile, eziwuphawu lwezikhombi zenkathi ephakathi kuya ezithombeni zanamuhla ezipholishiwe, isithombe ngasinye sibonisa izindinganiso nezinkathazo zesikhathi saso. Ziyizibuko nezikhuthazo zobumba: zibonisa indlela amakhosi azibheka ngayo ngokwawo nendlela afisa ukubonwa ngayo, futhi zasiza ekulolongeni ulwembukwa umphakathi i-̱ amathemba okuthi umbusi kufanele abe yiyo.

Futhi uma nje sekunezihlalo zobukhosi nezintambo, kuyoba khona abadwebi nabathwebuli abathwebuli abathatha lesosici esinzima sobukhosi nesintu. Ngokuzayo uma umi phambi komfanekiso wasebukhosini egalajini noma emqulwini odlule, yima ungacabangi nje ngobuso bakho, kodwa amakhulu eminyaka enhloso, ukudweba, nokuvelela okwakwenza waba khona.