Table of Contents
Ukuqonda Ukuqhuma Okusheshayo: Ukuhlaziya Okunenselele
Ngokuphazima kweso ukuvota (IRV), okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuvota okulinganiselwe (RCV) e-United States, kusho ukushintshwa okuyisisekelo kwezimiso ezingokwesiko ze-cocoace bollat. Ngokungafani nokuvota okusebuningi lapho umvoti othola ivoti kakhulu ephumelela khona (uma ingaphansi kweningi), i-IRV ihlose ukukhetha osekela abaningi abafuna ukusekela kwe-votatorte. Lenguquko ithole ukuhlangana kwemithetho ephezulu ematinantilini, isho, futhi ngisho nezizwe zonke njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuma kwe-translate, ukunciphisa, futhi ikhuthaze abagxeki abambalwa. Nokho, isimiso asihlosile ukusekela kwemicimbiso, ukukhathala, ukukhathala kwemizwa kwemibhobhozo, nokuvota. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlola ngokushesha, ukuhlola, ukuvota, nokuhlola izinselele, nezinye izindlela ezingokoqobo, kodwa ngaphandle kwezindlela zokusebenza.
Indlela Ukuthutha Okushesha Ngayo
Ukuvota okusheshayo kuyisimiso sokuvota esithandwayo esivumela abavoti ukuba babeke izigaba abakhethelwe kakhulu kunabo bonke abakhethelwayo. Inhloso eyisisekelo iwukulingisa uchungechunge lokhetho oluhambayo ngaphandle kokufuna uhambo oluphindaphindiwe lokuya ebhokisini lokuvota. Inqubo ivela ngokulandelana kwemijikelezo, njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi.
Inqubo ngokuhambelana
- [[FLT: 0] Ivote Casting: Umvoti ngamunye uthola ivoti ebala bonke abazobhapathizwa. Amavoter aphawula izinombolo zabo zokuqala, ezisokwesibili, ezesithathu, njalonjalo ezithandwayo. Bangaba yizinga lokulingana noma abambalwa abazobhapathizwa ngendlela abafisa ngayo, nakuba eminye imibuso idinga inombolo ephansi.
- Count: Zonke izivoti zokuqala zibhalisiwe. Uma ozovota ethola amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 amavoti asemthethweni, kuthiwa uphumelele ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlanganisa nokubuyisela: Uma kungekho mjovo ofinyelela iningi, umvoti onamavoti ambalwa kakhulu okuqala uyasuswa. Ballots uphonswe kulowo mvota uthunyelwe kulowo olandelayo osemncintiswaneni. La mavoti anezelwa engqikithini yabazofundela ukubhapathizwa abaqhubekayo.
- Ukuphindaphindeka kuze kube yiMajority: Izinyathelo 2 no-3 ziyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho umuntu oyedwa ewela emnyango omkhulu. Ngokuvamile kudingeka iziyingi ezimbili noma ezintathu kuphela, kodwa emasimini amakhulu izibalo zinganwebeka isikhathi eside.
- Exhausted Ballots: Uma ivoti liphela ku-ohtiweli (konke abakuthandayo sekususiwe), iba "i-hause" futhi ayisabali emijikelezweni elandelayo. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingqikithi yenani lamavoti adlalwayo.
Ukuze wenze lokhonkolo, cabangela ukhetho olunezinombolo A, B, noC. Kuwo wokuqala, A athola 45%, B 30%, no-C 25%. Njengoba kungekho muntu onenani elikhulu, C uyasuswa. I-colot eyabekwa ku-C kuqala ihlolwa: 60% yalezo zinombolo ezibekwe kuma B, futhi 40% u-A omzuzwana. Amavoti ancishiwe, anika B enye i-15% (60% ka-25%) kanye ne 10% eyengeziwe. Ingqikithi yokugcina yi-A: 55%, B: 45%. Awina ngenani langempela lamavoti asele.
Izinzuzo Zokuthutha Ngokushesha
Ukuchuma Kwemithetho Nezinqubo Ezithuthukisiwe
Inzuzo enkulu ye-IRV iwukuthi iqinisekisa ukuthi umbhalisa okhethiwe usekelwa kabanzi. Ezimisweni eziningi, umvoti angawina ngevoti elingaphansi kweningi, ikakhulukazi emasimini aminyene. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphikiswa okuhlukene kungavumela umuntu ohlukene ukuba anqobe nge 35% yale voti. I-RV iphoqelela umnqobi ukuba ahlanganise umfelandawo enqamule okungenani amaphesenti angu-50 okhethwe yizisebenzi. Lokhu kuqinisa isibopho futhi kungandisa ukwethemba komphakathi emphumeleni.
Umphumela Wamafutha Oncishisiwe Nokuhamba Kwamagesi Okuhlelekile
Kukhetho olungokwesiko olungokwenani elikhulu, abavoti besithathu noma abazimele bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi "abavoti" ngoba bangampompa amavoti aphuma kulowo ofundayo omkhulu futhi banikeze ukhetho kuphikisayo. Ngakho - ke abavoli bazizwa becindezelwa ukuba balahle ukukhetha kwabo kweqiniso kanye nokuvota ngokusemthethweni "ongenalutho lwezimbi ezimbili". IRV isusa lenkinga: umvoti angahlela umvoti wabo kuqala ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuchitha ivoti yabo. Ngisho noma lowo mvoti uqedi wabo uyodluliselwa ekukhetheni kwabo kwesibili. Lokhu kukhuthaza inkulumo ethembekile kakhulu yokukhetha futhi ivule umnyango wamazwi amasha.
Abakhuthazwa Abavela Ezindabeni Ezihlukahlukene
I-IRV yehlisa isithiyo sokungena kwabazohlolwa abangazizwa bephoqelekile ukuba bahambe njengesigaba esikhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi abavoti bangahlela abazobhapathizwa, izikhungo ezincane nabazimele bangancintisana ngokungathi sína, bakhe igama futhi bathuthukise ukusekela kwabo okhethweni olulandelanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, eMinneapolis, i-RV ibikelwe ngokuthuthukisa ukumelelwa kwabantu bemibala nabesifazane emahhovisi endawo. Isimiso futhi singenza abacela ukufinyelela ngalé kwesisekelo sabo ukuze bavikeleke.
Ukuthuthukisa Umkhankaso Wezakhamuzi Owengeziwe
Ngaphansi kwemithetho eminingi, abavoti bavame ukuhlasela abaphikisi ukuze bashaye indiva imvume yabo. Ngaphansi kwe-IRV, umkhankaso ophambene unezingozi ngoba umuntu ofuna ukuvota ufuna ukuba ngukhetho lwesibili abakhetha kuqala abayonqotshwa. Ukuhlasela omunye ozokhetha kungasusa labo abavoti. Ukuhlola kwasemadolobheni anjengeSan Francisco ne Oakland kubonisa ukuthi imikhankaso ayikahle kakhulu, ibhekene nempikiswano, futhi izimisele kakhulu ukwenza imifelandawonye ngaphansi kwe-IRV.
Izinselele Nokugxeka Ukuqhuma Ngokushesha
Ukudideka Kwezimbali Nephutha Lebhola
I-IRV ifuna abavoti baqonde isimiso esiphezulu. Emikhankasweni yokuqala, amanye ama-athonsi athola amazinga aphakeme "ama-"avervote" (ukumisa umbhalisa ofanayo ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa) noma izithako ezingaphelele. Imikhankaso yemfundo, umklamo wokuhlela othuthukisiwe, kanye neziqondiso ezicacile kuye kwanciphisa lamaphutha, kodwa ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kuhlala kuyisithiyo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala noma abafundile kakhulu. Nokho, ukuhlola okuvela eMaine nase-Alaska kubonisa ukuthi ngemva kwemijikelezo eyodwa noma emibili, ukuqonda kovoti kufinyelela amazinga afanayo ezimiso zamasiko.
Ukuyinkimbinkimbi Kokujikeleza Kwezimbotshana
Ngokungafani nokubala nje ukubala kobuningi, i-IRV ihilela imijikelezo eminingi yokususa nokukhipha nokukhipha. Lokhu kungakwenziwa ngezandla kukhetho oluncane kodwa ngokuvamile kudinga i-software ekhethekile. Ezindaweni eziphethe imishini yokuvota yakudala, imishini emisha noma ukuhlelwa kwayo kudingekile, okungabiza. Inqubo yokuvala ithatha isikhathi eside kunokubala okuningi, ukulibala, ukulibala imiphumela yokukhetha ebusuku. Nokho, izimiso zesimanje zokubona zingahlela ibhola ngokushesha, futhi ezinye izikhulu zibika imiphumela ephelele phakathi namahora ambalwa.
Ukuphoxeka Kwebhola Nokuphelelwa Ikhono Kwezimila Ezishisayo
Uma umvoti engahleli ngokwanele, ibhola labo elingase likhathale ngaphambi kokuba umnqobi anqume. Ezulwini lokugcina, ozovota angawina ngenani elingaphansi kwenani labo bonke abavoti abakhatheleyo, njengoba amavoti akhatheleyo engabali. Lokhu kululaza ukugunyaza kweningi. Abanye abameleli baphikelela ngokuthi "ukwehla kwengqikithi yezimvume zomthetho", kodwa ngokuvamile umnqobi ukhishwa ngeningi lamabhola ahlala ekhuthele. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi amabhola akhathele amele ukulahla abavoti abakhatheleyo bamelela ukuxegidish abathandiweyo abathandwayo.
Amandla Okusebenza Ngobuciko
Nakuba i-IRV inciphisa inkinga evamile yomphangi, ayikuqedi ngokuphelele ukuvota okusemthethweni. Abanye abavoti bangasebenzisa "ukuqinisekisa" amasu, ukumisa umuntu ongabathandi kakhulu kuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usongo olukhulu lususiwe. Okhethweni oluseduze, abavoti abayinkimbinkimbi bangase bavote "umbhikishi" ngokuwabeka phansi ngisho noma bewasekela ngobuqotho, bethemba ukuthi amacebo alawula ukunqandwa. Nokho, kunzima ukuwasebenzisa nge-IRV kunasebuningi, futhi abavoti abaningi abazizami.
Ukungahambisani Nokunye Ukusakaza
Okunye ukugxekwa kobuchwepheshe obukhulu be-IRV ukuthi ingaphula isilinganiso sobunye: ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthola amavoti okuqala engeziwe kungabangela ukuba umvoti alahlekelwe, futhi ukulahlekelwa amavoti kungabangela ukuba banqobe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokususa, oluthinta ukuthunyelwa kwamavoti. Nakuba izimo ezinjalo zingavamile (zingalinganiswa yingxenye engaphansi kwe-1% yokhetho), zilulaza ukungakhethi kwesimiso. Abagxeki futhi baphawula ukuthi i-RV ingahluleka ukuhlukanisa i-Condorcet monitor. [1] Umbhexeshi ozongame ekuvoteni abanye abazoshayana ngokulingana kwekhanda-khanda . Nalapho abanye abasekeli bephikisa ukuthi lokhu akuyona iphutha elibulalayo.
Ukuqhathanisa Nezinye Izimiso Zokusakaza Imisindo
Kushesha Runoff vs. I-Plaritural Pliturality Voling
Ukweqisa kulula, kodwa kuthambekele ekukhiqizeni ukubusa okunezigaba ezimbili, ukulahla amavoti, nokuncintisana okuphansi. I-RV ikhuthaza ukuncintisana futhi inciphise amavoti alahlwayo, ngezindleko zobunkimbinkimbi. Ngokuvamile i-Platures iveza abanqobi ngokusekela okungaphansi kwe-40%, kanti abanqobi be-IRV badlula kakhulu ku-50% enxandeni yokugcina (akuyona ngempela yonke imikhankaso).
Kushesha u-Runoff vs. I-Round Runoff (Phezulu-Iphakethi Ephezulu-kabili)
Izintambo ezimbili zidinga abavoti ukuba babuyele okhethweni lwesibili phakathi komjikelezo ophezulu ababili uma kungekho muntu othola iningi. Lokhu kunganciphisa izindleko zokhetho futhi kuncishiswe ngomjikelezo wesibili. I-RV ihlanganisa kokubili indingilizi ibe yi-colot eyodwa, ikhuthaze ukuthatha ingxenye. Nokho, abasubathi ababili abahlukene bavumela abavoti ukuba bashintshe izingqondo zabo ngemva komjikelezo wokuqala, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi umnqobi wokugcina unenani elikhulu labo bonke abavoti ababonisa inxa yesibili. Ukukhipha i-trate kungenzangakhomba lowo mshini onamandla afanayo.
Ukugunyazwa kokukhishwa kwe-Runoff vs. Ukuthunyelwa
Ukuvota ngokuvunyelwa kuvumela ukuba bavumele noma iliphi inani labazovota; elinemvume enkulu liphumelele. Kushibhile futhi kulula kune-IRV, kodwa akuthathi okuthandwayo ngaphandle kokuvunyelwa/ukuvunyelwa. I-RV inikeza ukwaziswa okungcono kakhulu, okungaholela ekubeni imiphumela ixazululwe kakhulu. Nokho, ukuvota kunganciphisa futhi imiphumela elimazayo futhi kulula ukusebenzisa imishini ekhona. Abanye baphikisa ukuthi ukuvota kuletha ukuvumelana okungcono okunganenzuzo futhi kugwema ukuthamba kwe-IRV.
Kushesha u-Runoff vs. Rankid Friends (Izindlela Zomnyakazo)
Amabhangqa anezinhlangothi kanye nezinye izindlela ze-Condorcet ziklanyelwe ukukhetha njalo ozoshaya wonke omunye umnyukeli obezothatha ikhanda ukuya phezulu. I-RV ayikwenzi njalo lokho. Nokho, izindlela ze-Condorcet, ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuqamba futhi zichaze. Zifuna futhi abavoti ukuba bakhethe ukuba bahlele; ngokuyisisekelo bayizimiso ezilinganiswe ezisebenzisa izinombolo ezihlukene. Abanye abasekeli benguquko bakhetha iCondorcet ngezindlela zabo zokuchaza izakhiwo, kodwa i-IRV ivame kakhulu ngenxa yobulula bayo obuhlobene nokhetho nokuhamba ngokhetho.
Izenzakalo Zezwe Ezingokoqobo Nezifundo Zecala
Australia
I-Australia iye yasebenzisa i-IRV njengendlu yabameleli kusukela ngo-1918, iyenza ibe yi-okuhlangenwe nakho okudala kakhulu nekukhulu kakhulu ngesimiso. Izivumelwano ziveza ohulumeni abaqinile abayingxenye eyodwa noma abahlangene. Amaqembu amancane athola izimpawu endlu naseSikhungweni, futhi isimiso samukelwa umphakathi jikelele. Nokho, i-Australia idinga ukuvota futhi inesijeziso esiphoqelelwe, esingase sithinte ithonya lesimiso. I-Australia iveza ukuthi i-RV ingaba yisimiso sokukhetha esiqinile, esithatha isikhathi eside.
IMaine, USA
IMaine yaba yisifunda sokuqala sokusebenzisa i-IRV kukhetho lukahulumeni ngo-2018. Ngo-2020, yasebenzisa i-IRV ekukhetheni umongameli, futhi iyasebenza naseminingiselwaneni. Imiphumela yokuqala yabonisa ukwehla komkhankaso ophambene nokhetho lwababezobhapathizwa ngokulinganisela. Ukukhetha kwamashumi amahlanu eMinie's Communion kwadinga izingqi eziningi futhi kwabangela impikiswano ethile ngokuncipha kombhishobhi.
ISan Francisco, eCalifornia
I-San Francisco yamukela i-IRV yokhetho lwedolobha ngo-2004, kuhlanganise nemeya, ibhodi labaqondisi, namanye amahhovisi endawo. Ukuhlola kwathola ukuthi i-IRV yaholela kubavoti abahlukene kakhulu, umvoti ophakeme (ikakhulukazi ngemva kokugoba kokuqala kwemfundo), nokwehla kwemiphumela yokukhohlakala. Imikhankaso iye yabhebhetheka kakhulu. Nokho, abanye abagxeki baphawula ukuthi imijaho yabaphathi enamanani amakhulu abazofundela ubuthakashela iholele emaqophelweni aphansi kakhulu aphezulu kakhulu, futhi abaqaphi abaningi abakhatheleyo.
IDolobha LaseNew York (Izindawo Zobugebengu Ezibusa Ngentando Yeningi)
IDolobha laseNew York lasebenzisa i-IRV okokuqala ngqa ngo-2021 i-Democratic Meyaral. Ukhetho lwathola ukunakekela okukhulu ngenxa yensimu enkulu (i-13odola). Inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-tabcora ithathe amasonto ambalwa ngenxa yesidingo sokubala ibhola elingekho kanye nokulingisa i-IRV. Umnqobi waphambili, u-Eric Adams, wawina ngemva kwemijikelezo eminingana, futhi lenqubo yabonakala iphumelela kakhulu, nakuba ukulibala kwaqokomisa isidingo sobuchwepheshe bokuhamba ngokushesha. IRV yabonisa ukuthi i-RV ingaphatha amasimu amakhulu namavota ayinkimbinkimbi asemadolo.
Ezinye Izingane Zokutholwa Eziphawulekayo
Minneapolis (kusukela ngo-2009), i-St Paul, i-Oakland, i-Berkeley, ne-Seattle bonke baye basebenzisa i-IRV kukhetho lukamasipala. Izwe lonke, amazwe anjenge-Ireland (ukhetho oluyi-prestial), i-Northern Ireland (ukhetho lwakhona), ne-Papua New Guinea iye yamukela i-IRV. I-New Zealand isebenzisa i-IRV ekukhetheni ezinye izinqumo ze-meyal. Le nqubo isetshenziswa futhi yizinhlangano eziningi nezindlela ezingagunyazi ukuvota amabhodi.
Ukucabangela Ngokungagwegwesi
Umsebenzi Womthetho Nowokuqondisa
Ukuthatha i-IRV ngokuvamile kudinga izinguquko ekwakheni imithetho yokhetho lendawo. Lokhu kungaba inqubo egcwele kwezombangazwe, njengoba amaqembu agxilile ngokuvamile emelene nokushintsha okungasongela amandla awo. Izinqubo zokuthatha isinyathelo (njengase-Maine) zingavimbela ukungafuni kwemithetho engokomthetho. Uma seziqanjwe, iziqondiso kumelwe zichaze umklamo we-collet, izinqubo zokubala, kanye nemithetho evumelanayo yama-joint.
Ubuchwepheshe Obushintshayo Neziyalezo
I-IRV idinga amabhola abhaliwe ephepha ababalwa ngama-operal scanner nge-software esekela ukufakwa kwe-tecletice, noma imishini yokuvota ngekhono elifanayo. Imishini eminingi idinga ukuhlelwa noma ukubuyiselwa kwemishini yefa, engabiza kakhulu. Nokho, uma ikhona, ubuchwepheshe bungasetshenziselwa ukukhetha esikhathini esizayo. Ezinye izivumelwano zengxenye yezohwebo njenge-Dominion noma i-Hart ConterCbic ukuze kubekwe izimiso ezisemthethweni ze-IRV tabition.
Imfundo Yezinga Eliphambili Nentuthuko
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-IRV okuphumelelayo kuxhomeke emfundweni eqinile yomvoti. Izincwadi zemfundo kumele zinikeze iziyalezo ngezilimi eziningi, zikhiqize amavoloti okugcona, zisebenzise amavoti okugcona, futhi zisebenzisane nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Amathuluzi e-Online, ama-tem, ama-tenectic, nezimemezelo zenkonzo yomphakathi zisiza. Fairvote, iqembu elingazifuni inzuzo, linikeza imithombo emikhulu yezindawo zokuthatha i-RCV. Imikhankampane yemfundo idinga ukuqhuba imijikelezo eminingana ukuze kuhlelwe isimiso sezejwayeko.
Izinhlelo Zokushayela Nendawo Evulekile
Ama-mission amaningi aqala ngohlelo lomshayeli wamahhovisi ambalwa noma ezifundeni ezilinganiselwe ngaphambi kokwanda. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, ukuqonda, nezinqubo zokuphatha. Ngokwesibonelo, uMnneapolis wasebenzisa i-IRV kuqala kukhetho lomkhandlu wedolobha, wabe usunwetshwa kuwo wonke amahhovisi edolobha. Abashayeli bangaveza ukwaziswa ukuze babhekane nezinkathazo zokuphikiswa futhi bandise ukwethenjelwa komphakathi.
Ukugxekwa Nezimpikiswano
Izindleko Nobunkimbinkimbi
Abaphikisi baphikisa ngokuthi i-IRV ibiza kakhulu, ifuna imishini emisha nemfundo enkulu. Nokho, abasekeli baphikisa ngokuthi izindleko ziwukutshala imali isikhathi esisodwa nokuthi imali egciniwe ekususeni okhethweni oluhlukene (lapho bekhona) ingaziphindisela izindleko. Umthwalo wezokuphatha ngokuvamile ufana nokhetho olungokwesiko kanye nokuzikhulula.
Ukucindezelwa Kwemishini
Abanye abagxeki bathi amavota ayinkimbinkimbi angalahla abavoti abambalwa nabathola imali encane abangatholanga imfundo. Izifundo ezimayelana nokuhlukahlukana kwezinhlanga ekuqedweni kwe-IRV ziyaxubana: abanye bathola amazinga okukhathala okukhulu phakathi kwamaqembu athile, kuyilapho amanye engatholi mehluko omkhulu ngemva kokulawula imfundo. Umklamo wokuhlola (umz., ngokusebenzisa "ukwehlisa iziyalezo zakho" nokugwema imibhalo emincane) kunganciphisa lezi zihloko.
Ukuphikiswa KweRepublica eU.S.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iRepublican Party iye yaphikisa i-IRV, iyibona njengethuluzi elisiza ama-Democrates noma abafuna ukuthatha isigaba sesithathu. Kwezinye izifunda, njenge Florida neTennessee, izishaya-mthetho ziye zavimbela ukuvota okusemthethweni kwezwe nokhetho lwendawo. Ingxoxo ngokuvamile iyathatheka, kodwa ukuhlaziya okungathathwanga kwe-IRV kubonisa ukuthi ingazuzisa amaqembu ahlukene kuye ngendima ekhethekile yokukhetha nokukhetha.
Ukuzijwayeza Inqubo Yokuzitika Ngeziqu Zomzimba
Nakuba kungavamile, imiphumela engeyo-monononic iye yasetshenziswa njengempikiswano ecatshangelwayo ngokumelene ne-IRV. Ngo-2009, ukhetho lomphathi-maya eBurlington, eVermont, lwavezwa njengesibonelo lapho iDemocrat ibingawina khona ukuba yayithole amavoti ambalwa okuqala. Lempikiswano yaholela uBurlington ekuthatheni i-IRV, kodwa kamuva yabuyisela inguqulo elungisiwe. Abasekeli bagcizelela ukuthi izenzakalo ezinjalo azinakwenzeka neze nokuthi akukho simiso esiphelele.
Ikusasa Lokuthuthwa Kwezindiza Ngokushesha
Naphezu kwezinselele, i-IRV iyaqhubeka isakazeka. Kusukela ngo-2025, amadolobha ase-U.S. angaphezu kuka-50 kanye nama-aspect, kanye nezifunda-zwe ezimbili (iMayini ne-Alaska) kukhetho oluningi lukahulumeni. Izifundazwe eziningi zicabangela umthetho wokwamukela i-IRV yePrimerimential noma i-overtive ebanzi. Intuthuko yezesayensi (kuhlanganise amathuluzi okuvimbela ukuvulwa okuqinile) inciphisa imingcele. Ikhono lesimiso sokuthuthukisa izombangazwe ezihlangene nokunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwemigomo yenguquko ezindaweni eziningi ze-democracracy. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-IRV iba yinqubo yemithetho esemthethweni noma ihlala isendaweni ehlukile ixhomeke ekuqhubekeni kwezezombangazwe, imfundo yomphakathi, futhi ibonise impumelelo ekukhiqini okukhona.
Isiphetho
Ngokuphazima kweso ukuvota kunikeza okunye okunamandla ezimisweni ezingokwesiko zobuningi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izikhulu ezikhethiwe zisekelwa kakhulu, zinciphisa imiphumela elimazayo, futhi zikhuthaza ukuthatha isinyathelo esibanzi. Nokho, kuletha ukuyinkimbinkimbi ekuqedeni ukuvota, ukuvota, nemfundo. Ubufakazi bezwe langempela obuvela e-Australia, eMaine, eSan Francisco, kanye neminye imikhandlu bubonisa ukuthi lezinselele zingasingathwa ngokuhlela ngokucophelela, ubuchwepheshe, nokuthatha impumelelo. Nakuba kungekho simiso sokuvota siphelele, i-IRV imelela isinyathelo esinengqondo ekumeleni kommeleli nokhetho abengeziwe. Njengoba imiphakathi eminingi icabanga ukuthi iyamukela, ukuqonda izinzuzo zayo nokulinganiselwa kwayo kuba okudingekile ekwenzeni izinqumo eziqondiswe ulwazi.
Imithombo yemali: Ukuqhubeka ufunda, vakashela iFairvote's Choose Facted Voting Center , isihloko se-wkipedia esithi Print Votting [[[FLT:]] ne Conferality of State Legistslatures: Ranked-Choice Voting[[FLT]].[FLT:]