Kulenkathi yanamuhla ebanzi yezibalo, sigcwele ukwaziswa okuvela empucukweni egcwele imithombo yezentengiselwano − imithombo yezenhlalakahle, imibiko yezindaba, izixwayiso, iziteshi, amabhukwana, kanye nezinkonzo ezigoqekayo − zonke eziphikisana nathi. Inqwaba yokwaziswa okutholakalayo ekwazini kwethu kwenza kwaba yinselele kakhulu ukuqonda iqiniso ephuzwini eliqanjiwe, ukulandisa okuqinisekile ngenkulumo edlulisayo, nokuhlaziya imizwelo ngokulawula imibuso yezenhlalakahle. Ikhono lokucabanga ngokuhluzekela libaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili, njengoba linika abantu amandla okuhamba kulendawo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokukhanyisa nangokuqiniseka. Kodwa ukucabanga okubucayi akuyona nje ikhono lomuntu siqu lokuphumelela kwezempumelelo noma ukuphumelela kwezemfundo yezemfundo; kuwumthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi okhuthaza ukuba nolwazi futhi uvikele izisekelo zentando yentando yentando yeningi. Uma izakhamuzi behluleka ukuhlaziya ukwaziswa, ukuncishisisa kwazo, futhi zithuthukisa leli khono lokuhlola ulwazi.

Ukubaluleka Kokucabanga Okubucayi

Ukucabanga okuhluzekile kuhilela inqubo edinga ukuqondiswa yokuhlaziya ngenkuthalo, ukuhlaziya, nokuhlaziya ukwaziswa okuqoqwe ngokuqaphela, okuhlangenwe nakho, ukucabangisisa, noma ukukhulumisana. Kudinga ukuba abantu bafulathele imibono ezenzekelayo futhi babheke izinkulumo ngokungabaza okunempilo nokuzimisela ukunikeza ubufakazi. Kunokuthatha inqubo yemfundo eqinile, ukucabanga okugxekayo kuwumkhuba onamandla onika abantu amandla ukuya:

  • ihlola ukuthembeka kwemithombo. Akubona konke ukwaziswa ontanga abakwazi ukukuhlola kulingana. Ukuhlolwa kontanga kuthwele ubunzima obukhulu kunendatshana ye-locate engaziwa, kodwa abafundi abaningi bazama ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo. Abacusumbuli abafunda ukuhlola umbhali, usuku lokunyathelisa, ukusekela imicaphulo, nokuphikisana okungakhona kwesithakazelo ngaphambi kokwamukela iphuzu elithile.
  • iveza ubandlululo nombono. Zonke iziqephu zokwaziswa zilolongwa ngombono womdali wazo. Ukuqaphela ukuthambekela kokuqinisekisa ubandlululo (--"our" ukuthambekela kokusekela ubufakazi obusekela izinkolelo zethu ezikhona"inyathelo elibalulekile lokuqonda okwengeziwe. Izingqondo ezihluzekile ziphenya ngentshiseko imibono ebekela inselele kuzo.
  • Yenza izinqumo zolwazi ezisekelwe ebufakazini. ekukhetheni indlela yokwelapha engokwempilo kuya ekuhloleni umuntu ozothatha igalelo lezombangazwe, izinqumo ezisekelwe ekwazisweni okunokwethenjelwa nasekucabangeni okunengqondo ziholela emiphumeleni engcono. Ukucabanga okunzima kusiza ekunqandeni ukunxenxa okungokomzwelo nokuthengiselwa kwezentengiselwano.
  • [ Ukuphikisana engxoxweni eyakhayo nabanye. kuba amathuba okufunda kunokuhlasela komuntu siqu uma bobabili abahilelekile bezimisele ukuhlola ubufakazi futhi balungise izikhundla zabo. Ongqondo abangochwepheshe balalela ngokucophelela, babuze imibuzo ecacisayo, futhi baphendule ngenkulumo enengqondo kunokuba bathukwe.

Ezweni lapho ukwaziswa okungamanga kungasakazeka ngokushesha kunanini ngaphambili, cishe ukufinyelela izigidi zabantu phakathi namahora anzima kusebenza njengesivikelo ekuxhashazweni nasekukhohliseni. Izimiso zezokuxhumana ngokuvamile zihlela izinto ezivusa inkanuko noma ezihlukanisayo ngenxa yokuthi zibangela ukuthembisana, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyiqiniso. Ngaphandle kwamakhono okucabanga okunzima, abantu bangakhukhuleka emangeni abangelwa amagciwane, imibono yozungu, noma izindaba ezisetshenziswayo eziqeda ukwethemba ezikhungweni nasengxabanweni zomphakathi. Ngokungafani, abantu abahlonyiswe amakhono anamandla okucabanga ayingozi bakulungele kangcono ukubheka inkulumo - zenkohliso, ukubuza igunya lapho kufanele, futhi babambe amandla okulandisa.

Ukwaziswa Okweqile: Inselele Yanamuhla

Ukwaziswa okuningi kwenzeka uma umthamo wokwaziswa okukhona udlula ikhono lethu lokuqonda lokukulawula ngokuphumelelayo, qha qha lé isici esichazayo sekhulu lama-21. Lokhu kukhuluphala kuncishiswa yizici eziningana ezihlangene:

  • Ukuphakama kwamaqoqo ezokuxhumana. Umthetho wemithetho-mithetho ezindaweni zobuteshi njenge Facebook, Twitter, neTik Tokcurate engapheli yemifudlana yokuqukethe evumelana nokuthanda komuntu ngamunye, ngokuvamile idala amagumbi e-evolution aqinisa izinkolelo ezikhona kuyilapho kuhlungwa ubufakazi obuphikisanayo.
  • Umjikelezo wezindaba wamahora angu 24. Iziteshi zezindaba eziqinile kanye nezingosi zezindaba kuphenyelwa izibukeli ngokuveza iprojekthi engapheliyo, ngokuvamile ngezindleko zomongo, ukuchaza, nokuhlola iqiniso. Ukuphula izindaba akuvamile ukuphelela, kodwa kunikezwa njengegunya.
  • ihlanganisa imininingwane eminingi kakhulu kuyi-inthanethi. I-inthanethi inokwaziswa okungakhonziwe ngokwedemokrati, kodwa futhi iye yehlisa isithiyo sokunyathelisa. Noma ubani angakha ingosi yewebhusayithi noma i-akhawunti yezokuxhumana ebonakala isemthethweni, ikwenze kube nzima ukuhlukanisa imithombo ethembekile kweyiyokuqanjiwe.
  • Isivinini esikhulayo sokusakaza ulwazi. Izindaba zingahamba ngemizuzu embalwa, zishiye isikhathi esincane sobufakazi. Ngisho nezikhangiso ezinedumela elihle ngezinye izikhathi zinyathelisa imibiko engaqinisekisiwe ngokujaha ukuba iqale, ziphoqelele abafundi ukuba benze umsebenzi wokuhlola amaqiniso esiphambano ngokwabo.

Ngenxa yalokho, abantu bavame ukuzizwa bekhungathekile futhi belwa kanzima ukuze balungise ukwaziswa okufanelekile, okunembile okuvela kulomsindo. Lokhu kusebenza kwengqondo kungaholela ekudidekeni, ukukhathala, ngisho nokunganaki, futhi kubangela umuzwa wokuthi akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi yini eyiqiniso. Uma abantu beyeka ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa, bathambe kakhulu ekutholeni ulwazi olulula, bathambekele kakhulu ekuthumeleni imiyalezo ethinta imizwelo enikeza izimpendulo ezilula ezinkingeni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izazi zengqondo ziye zabiza lesi sici ngokuthi “isifo sokukhathala,” futhi imiphumela yaso ikhuliswa ukuklanywa kwamaqodi agxila njalo eziqondisweni zethu. Lendawo idinga amakhono aqinile okucabanga ngendlela ephumelelayo ukuze ihambe kahle, ikakhulukazi kulabo abafuna ukuhlala behlelile izakhamuzi kunokuba badlale noma yini ebonakala kuyisibuko.

Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wesibili Nokucabanga Okubucayi

Isibopho somsebenzi we-Cobic sibhekisela kwimisebenzi nezibopho zezakhamuzi zokuhlanganyela emiphakathini yazo futhi zinikele emkhakheni ovamile. Ebuthweni lentando yeningi, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngolwazi akuyona into ezikhethelayo; yitshe elibekwa phezu kwesimiso. Ukucabanga okunzima kunendima ebalulekile ekufezeni lo msebenzi ngezindlela eziningi zokuhlangana:

  • Ukuhlanganyela okunentshiseko ezizinhlelweni zentando yeningi. Ngaphambi kokuvota, izakhamuzi kumelwe zihlole izinqubo zalabo abazovota, amarekhodi omkhondo, nobuciko bokubhala. Kumele zilinganisele ukuhlanganiswa kwemithombo yezindaba ngokumelene nokuhlola iqiniso futhi zicabangele imiphumela emide yesikhathi esiphakathini kunokuba zithathe inxephezelo emzwelweni emfushane. Izazi zengqondo ezicuphe kakhulu zibonakala ekuhloleni okuhlolwe yizinqumo eziqondiswe yimibono enengqondo.
  • Ukuqaphela ukuqashelwa kwezindaba zomphakathi nokungabi nabulungisa. Izinkinga eziningi zezenhlalo (ukulingana, ubuhlanga, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, (ukushintsha isimo sezulu), kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga ukuqonda okungaqondakali kahle. Ukuzibamba okuzwakalayo akuvamile ukuthatha isithombe esiphelele. Ukucabanga okunzima kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zimbe juqu, zifunde imithombo eyinhloko, futhi ziqonde izimbangela zesimiso kunokusola izigebengu.
  • Ixoxa ngenhlonipho phakathi kwemibono ehlukene. Idemokrasi enempilo ichuma engxoxweni, kodwa kuphela uma leyompikiswano isekelwe ehlonishweni nasebufakazini. Abacabangi abagxekayo bangaphikisana ngaphandle kokuguqula abantu abamelene nabo, futhi bayaqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka banephutha. Lokhu kuthule kubalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukuvumelana noma ukuhlalisana okunokuthula.
  • Amandla abantu okusekela ushintsho olusekelwe emibonweni efundile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babhalela izikhulu ezikhethiwe, bahlela imihlangano yomphakathi, noma bahlanganyela ekubhikisheni, ukuqapha okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuqonda okuqinile kwamaqiniso nokuqonda. Abacusumbuli bathonya kakhulu ngoba balindele ukuphikisana nokusekela izikhundla zabo ngemininingwane efakazelwe.

Uma izakhamuzi zilwa nokwaziswa ngokugxeka, zihlonyiselwa kangcono ukuba zihlanganyele ezingxoxweni ezithinta imiphakathi yazo nezinqumo zesimiso. Umlando unikeza izibonelo eziningi zokuphambuka kwentando yeningi okubangelwa ukudukiswa ngezindaba ezingelona iqiniso: ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumo - ze ukuze kuthethelele izimpi, ukusakazeka kwemibono yozungu elulaza imizamo yempilo yomphakathi, kanye nemikhankaso yokungavumelani kwezezimali evimbela umvoti. Ukucabanga okunzima akulona ikhambi lendlela yokwelapha, kodwa kuyisivikelo esidingekile ekuhlonishweni ngalezi zinsongoso. Njengoba iStanford History Education Group etholakala ezifundweni zayo ezinethonya kakhulu, abafundi abaningi nabadala bazama ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemikhakhathi, izihloko, nezingalo zemibono ezihlangene ngokuqondile nemisebenzi yomphakathi. Ngaphandle kwemizamo yokuqinisa ngamabomu, ukulawulwa kwe-demoduracism kulawulwa yizi kakhulu.

Amasu Okuthuthukisa Amakhono Okucabanga Abucayi

Ukucabanga okuhluzekile akusona isici esingokwemvelo kodwa kuyimikhuba efundwayo, esetshenziswayo necwengisisiwe. Othisha, abazali, abaqeqeshi, nabantu ngokwabo bangasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okuhlakulela lamakhono. Lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zisekelwe ekucwaningeni ngokuthuthuka kolwazi nangabafundi bezindaba:

Khuthaza Ukubuza

Fundisa abafundi .*. kwaye ubuze imibuzo efuna ukuqonda ngokwaziswa okutholakele. Kunokuba wamukele lokho okushiwoyo, buza: Ubani owadala lobu bufakazi? Yiziphi ezinye izincazelo? Yini engalahleka? Indlela yobuSocratic, engasebenzisa imibuzo eqondiwe ukubekela inselele, iyithuluzi elingapheli lokuthuthukisa lomkhuba. Siqala nje ngokuthi “Siyazi kanjani?” noma ukuthi“ Yini engafakazela lokhu kungamanga?” Ingasusa ingqondo ekuthameni kobunganeni ukuze ihlolwe.

Imisuka Engenayo Elawula Isimiso

Nikeza amathuluzi nezisekelo zokuhlola ukuthembeka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-CRAAP (Ukuhlolwa, u-Relevance, i-Authority, inhloso) kungokunye okusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukukhuthaza ukufunda kamuva. "umkhuba wokuvula ama-tab amasha ukuze uhlole isizinda somthombo, kunokuba bahlulele ukuthembeka ngokusuka ekubukekeni kwe-webhusayithi. Abaqaphi basebenzisa lendlela, futhi bangafundiswa ngisho nakubafundi abasha. Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba uhlanganyele isihloko segciwane, thatha imizuzwana engamashumi amathathu uphenya ukuphenya isizinda sombhali noma ukubona uma izindaba ezidumile zihlanganise indaba efanayo.

Ukuhlanganyela Ezimpikiswaneni Ezihlelwe Kahle

Izingxoxo ze-Foster lapho imibono ehlukene ihlolwa khona ngenhlonipho. Izimpikiswano ezifuna ukuba abathatha impikiswano baphikisane ngezikhundla abangazibambi ngokomuntu siqu zingaqeda ubandlululo lokucabanga futhi zithuthukise ukucabanga okuhluzekile. Amakilasi, izindawo zomsebenzi, namaqembu omphakathi angaqhuba izingxoxo zezindawo zokuhlala noma “ummeli ka-devil”. Isihluthulelo siwukuphoqelela imithetho yenkulumo yomphakathi: akukho ukuhlasela komuntu siqu, ubufakazi kumelwe bukhonjiwe, futhi umgomo ukhona ukuqonda, hhayi ukuphumelela. Imikhuba enjalo yakha uzwela kanye namakhono angokwesayensi.

Khuthaza Ukucabanga Okuhle

Khuthaza ukubhala phansi, ukuzihlobisa, nezingxoxo ezishukumisa umuntu ukuba acabange ngezinkolelo zakhe nezindinganiso. I-Metacognition .(ukucabanga komuntu − kuyisici esiyinhloko sokucabanga okugxekayo. Ngemva kokufunda isihloko noma ukubuka inkulumo, abantu bangazibuza: Ingabe ngashintsha ingqondo yami? Kungani noma kungani? Ngiphawulile ukusabela okungokomzwelo okungase kuthonye isahlulelo sami? Yini engangenza ngikholwe yiphutha? Ukuzijwayeza lengxoxo yangaphakathi kuqinisa ikhono lokubona ubandlululo lomuntu siqu?

Fundisa Amaphutha Anengqondo

Yenza abafundi abajwayelene namaphutha avamile ekucabangeni, njengokuhlasela okuvamile, ukuphikisana kobudoda, izingqinamba zamanga, nokunxusa kwegunya. Uma abantu bengasho amaphutha, bangayiqaphela kahle ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi cishe ngeke bayithonye. Imifanekiso elula, izigqebhezana, noma imibuzo edidayo ingaba yinkumbulo. Lolwazi luhlomisela izakhamuzi ukuba zimeme izikhangiso zezombangazwe, izikhangiso zezembubhiso, futhi zingakhohliseki ngisho nezingxoxo zansuku zonke.

Ngokuhlanganisa lamasu emikhubeni yemfundo nokuphila kwansuku zonke, abantu bangathuthukisa amakhono abo okucabanga okugxeka futhi basebenzise kangcono ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lamakhono awakwazi ukufundwa ngobusuku obubodwa; adinga umkhuba ongaguquki nokuqiniswa emongweni ohlukile. Kodwa ngisho nentuthuko encane ingaveza izinzuzo ezinkulu ekwenzeni izinqumo komuntu siqu nasekubopheni umphakathi.

Indima Yabafundisi Ekucabangeni Okubucayi Okuqhubekayo

Othisha banendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amakhono okucabanga abucayi kubafundi. Izikole namayunivesithi anezikhundla ezikhethekile zokufaka lezi zinkonzo ezifundweni zesikole, kusukela emlandweni nasesayensini kuya ekufundeni ulimi nezenhlalo. Nazi izindlela eziningana abafundisi abangawufeza ngazo lomthwalo wemfanelo:

  • Ukucabanga okugxekayo ezifundweni ezisezihlokweni. ukucabanga okubucayi akufanele kubekwe “eqenjini elilodwa lokufunda imedia”. Ezifundweni zesayensi, abafundi bangahlola imiklamo yokuhlola; emlandweni, bangaqhathanisa imithombo eyisisekelo; ezibaloni, bangahlaziya ukwaziswa okungakho phakathi kwamasampula akhohlisayo. Ukuzama ukuthatha izilinganiso ezibucayi kuqinisa ukuthi ukucabanga okugxekayo kuyasebenza kuyo yonke indawo.
  • Uthisha banamuhla bagxeka ngokufundisa kwabo. ababuza ngokukhululekile imibono yabo, babukeze izifundo zabo ezisekelwe ebufakazini obusha, futhi bamukele izinselele zabafundi badala isizinda sekilasi lapho ukungabaza kwaziswa khona. Lapho abafundi bebona uthisha wabo ethi “Angazi, makhe sizitholele ndawonye,” bafunde ukuthi ukungaqiniseki kuyisiqalo sokubuza kunokuba kube ubuthakathaka.
  • Amathuba abafundi okuhlola ngokucubungula. Izabelo ezidinga ukuqhathanisa imithombo eminingi esihlokweni esifanayo, ukuhlukanisa amasu okungatholi mpendulo ezikhangisweni, noma ukuhlola i-header post yezen international project ihumusha incazelo ngesenzo. Lemisebenzi kufanele ibe yizinto ezithatha kancane ekuqaleni ukukhuthaza ukuhlola ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwehluleka.
  • [ ukubambisana nokuxoxa ekilasini. imisebenzi yeqembu, ukubukeza kontanga, nezimpikiswano ezihleliwe ziphoqelela abafundi ukuba balungise ukucabanga kwabo futhi babhekane nezinselele. Inqubo yokubambisana ibachaya futhi baqonde izimo ezingafani futhi bafundise ukuma kolwazi.

Ngokuthatha kuqala ukucabanga okugxekayo emfundweni, othisha bangalungiselela abafundi ukuba babe izakhamuzi ezifundile nezithembisiwe. Kodwa lo msebenzi awupheleli emnyango wekilasi. Izikole kufanele zihambisane nemitapo yezincwadi, iminyuziyamu, nezinhlangano zemithombo yezindaba ukuze zinikeze amathuba angempela abafundi ukuba basebenzise lamakhono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko yobuchwepheshe kubafundisi ngokwabo ibalulekile; othisha abakwazi ukufundisa lokho abangakuqondi ngokugcwele. Ukusekela ekuqeqesheni ukufundisa ngolwazi, ukuthatheka kolwazi, nokucwaninga ngezindlela zobuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe kuletha izinzuzo eminyakeni eminingi ezayo.

Ukucabanga Okubucayi Ngaphandle Kwekilasi

Akubona abafundi kuphela abacabanga ngendlela ebucayi; kuwumkhuba wokuphila konke ozuzisa abantu abadala kuzo zonke izindlela zokuphila. Ezimweni zobuchwepheshe, izisebenzi ezingahlaziya ukwaziswa ngokucophelela zenza izinqumo ezingcono, zigweme amaphutha abizayo, futhi zibhale ngokuphumelelayo. Odokotela kumelwe bahlole ukuhlola, bachaze imiphumela yokuhlola, futhi bacabangele izenzakalo zesineke ezidinga ukucabanga okuqinile. Izintatheli kumelwe zihlole imithombo futhi zihlukanise phakathi kokulandisa nezincazelo. Ngisho nasebuhlotsheni bomuntu siqu, ukucabanga okugxekayo kusiza abantu ukuba bagweme ukuxhaphaza, ukuxazulula izingxabano ngokunenzuzo, futhi babeke imingcele esekelwe ebufakazini bokwethembeka.

Ngenhlanhla, kunemithombo eminingi ekhona kubantu abadala abafisa ukulola amakhono abo okucabanga ahluzekile ngokuzimela. Amapulatifomu anikeza izifundo zamahhala ngokuqonda nangokucabanga; izinhlangano zomphakathi ezinamangxoxo omphakathi ngezihloko ezinzima; futhi imitapo yezincwadi inikeza ukutholakala kwemitapo evumela amaqiniso ukuba ahlolwe. Ukufunda kabanzi emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, ukuxoxa ngobuso obungazelele nabantu bezizinda ezihlukene kungamathuluzi anamandla okulondoloza ukushesha kwengqondo. Isihluthulelo siwukuhlala unelukululeka nokuzithoba ekuqapheleni ukuthi akukho muntu ongenakugonyeka ekuthatheni imingcele futhi ukufunda akusoze kwaphela.

Emsebenzini, abaqashi bangathuthukisa impucuko yokucabanga okugxekayo ngokwenza izinqumo ezisekelwe ebufakazini esikhundleni sobungangameli noma ukuthatheka. Uma izisebenzi zizizwa zilondekile ukuveza ukungabaza nemibuzo ekhona, izinhlangano ziba nesibindi futhi zivumelane. Ngokufanayo, ekuphileni komphakathi, imiphakathi engenisa izintelezi zomphakathi, ukuhlola okungathandeki, kanye nezinqubo zokwenza izinqumo ezibonisa ukuchachacha kwangaphandle zenza indawo lapho ukucabanga okugxekayo kungachuma khona.

Isiphetho: Ubizo Lokuthatha Isinyathelo

Kulenkathi yokugcwala kokwaziswa, ukucabanga okugxekayo akulona nje ikhono elibalulekile; kungumthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi osekela idemokrasi esebenza. Ikhono lokuhlola ubufakazi, ukuqaphela ubandlululo, nokucabanga ngokunengqondo libalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinengqondo ngokomuntu siqu kanye nangeqembu. Ngaphandle kwakho, izakhamuzi ziba izisulu ezilula zemikhankaso yokungahambisani nezindaba, amadegayo, nezimiso ezifinyele ezilula ezilula ezilulaza okuhle okuvamile.

Njengabantu ngabanye, abafundisi, namalungu omphakathi, kumelwe sizimisele ukukhulisa ukucabanga okugxekayo kithi nakwabanye. Lokhu kusho ukwakha izindawo lapho imibuzo ikhuthazwa khona, ukunikeza ukufinyelela ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa, nokulingisa ukuthobeka okudingekayo ukuze sishintshe izingqondo zethu lapho sinikezwa ubufakazi obusha. Kusho futhi ukugcina izinhlangano zethu − kuhlanganise nemithombo yezindaba, uhulumeni, nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe − okungachazwa ukuthi zikhuthaza izimiso zokuklama iqiniso kunokuba zithembise noma yini.

Masithathe inselele yokucabanga okugxekayo futhi silwele ukuba abahlanganyeli abakhuthele ekulolongeni ikusasa elingcono lemiphakathi yethu. Ngokuzayo lapho ubona isihloko esivusa amadlingozi, yima. Buza ukuthi ubani ozuzayo ngenkolelo yakho kuleyondaba. Bheka umthombo. Kudingida nothile ongavumelani. Kulezizenzo ezincane zokunaka okucophelela, indwangu yokuphila komphakathi okunempilo ivunyelisiwe. Umthwalo wemfanelo ukhona ngathina, futhi isikhathi sokuqala manje.

Ukufunda okwengeziwe ngemitapo yolwazi egcwele, i-PT Center Research[ inikeza ukucubungula okukhulu. [ statford History Education Group[[[FLT:]] inikeza imithombo esekelwe ekucwaningeni yokufundisa isayensi yokubonisana nge-inthanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-FLTY] inikeza amathuluzi engokwezentengiselwano engokwezentengiselwano.[FLT]