Isisekelo Somthetho - sisekelo Sekholiji Le - Electoral

I-Electoral College ingenye yezici ezihluke kakhulu zentando yeningi yaseMelika, imelela ukuhlehliswa okuhlotshiswe ngokucophelela phakathi kokhetho oluthandwayo nokhetho lweSishaya-mthetho. Imiswe eSigabeni II soMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. futhi kamuva yacwengisiswa yiSichibiyelo seshumi nambili ngo-1804, isimiso saklanyelwa ukulinganisela ithonya lezifunda ezinkulu nezincane kuyilapho siqinisekisa ukuthi ukhetho lukamongameli luhlala ngamabomu futhi luhloniphekile. Ukuqonda lomthetho - sisekelo kubalulekile kunoma isiphi isakhamuzi esifuna ukuqonda ubukhulu bevoti yabo emjikelezweni wokhetho lukamongameli.

Abakhi boMthetho-sisekelo baphikisana ngezimo eziningana zokukhetha umqondisi omkhulu. Abanye basekela ukukhetha okuthandwayo ngokuqondile, kuyilapho abanye bekhetha ukukhethwa kwe-conconotional. I-Electoral College yavela njengendlela ephakathi yokunikeza indima elinganisiweyo enqubweni. Abathumeli be-Constitution bakholelwa ukuthi lendlela engaqondile ingamvikela umongameli ekuthatheni ithonya langaphandle noma inkanuko ethandwayo. Namuhla, isimiso siyaqhubeka sisebenza ngaphansi kwalezozimiso zomthetho-sisekelo, njengoba nje i-Profecemental Convention iye yashintsha kakhulu kusukela ngekhulu le-18 leminyaka.

Kuzakhamuzi, isihluthulelo siwukuthi i-Electoral College ayiyona indawo engokoqobo kodwa inqubo yokuvota. Uma uvota ngoNovember, uhlanganyela ekukhetheni okunquma ukuthi yimaphi amavoti akhona athunyelwe yizwe lakho equlwini lombuso owenzela i-octives. Lesi sakhiwo esihloniphekile sisho ukuthi imithetho yokuhlanganyela ingahluka kancane ngokwezwe ngalinye, kodwa ukuhluzeka kwesisekelo kuhlale kuvumelana kuwo wonke amazwe angu-50 ne-Fricture of Columbia.

ISichibiyelo se-12 salungisa le nqubo ngokufuna amavoloti ahlukene kuMongameli noMongameli, sisusa isimiso sokuqala lapho umgijimi waba yisekela likamongameli. Lokhu shintsho lwenza inqubo yokukhetha yaqonda futhi yavumelana nokukhula kwamaqembu ezombangazwe. Ukuqonda lezi zingqimba zomlando kusiza abavoti ukuba baqaphele ukuthi i-Electoral College ayiyona iNsalela ehlalayo kodwa iyinhlangano eshintshayo emenziwe ngemithetho-mthetho, umthetho wezwelonke, kanye nezinguquko zesifundazwe.

Ukuqonda Imishini: Indlela Imishini Enyakazayo Ethonywa Ngayo

Ukuhlela izibalo zikahulumeni ngamunye

Uhulumeni ngamunye uthola inani labavoti elilingana nengqikithi yabo eMkhandlwini, okusho ukuthi uhulumeni ngamunye uthola umkhetheli welungu ngalinye lendlu yabameleli kanye nabakhiqizi ababili be-Senetor. Washington, D.C. uthola amavoti amathathu akhethiwe ngaphansi kweSichibiyelo sekhulu sama 23, unikeza isifunda izwi kukhetho lobumongameli ngaphandle kokumelelwa. Ingqikithi yabavoti ikuma ngo-58, kanye nenani elikhulu lamavoti angu-270 abavoti abakhethiwe abafunekayo ukuwina i-presidente.

Lendlela yokwabela isakhiwo idala umehluko ongokwemvelo emandleni okuvota phakathi kwezifundazwe. IWyoming, enezakhamuzi ezingaba ngu-580 000, ithola amavoti amathathu akhethiweyo, kanti iCalifornia, enezakhamuzi ezicishe zibe yizigidi ezingu-39, ithola amavoti angu-54. Ngesisekelo somnitha, abavoti abavoti banokuhlobana nethonya eliphindwe kathathu levoti yase California. Lendawo ayisona isiphazamiso kodwa umklamo wamabomu oqinisekisa ukuthi amazwe amancane ahlala ekhona kumavoti kamongameli. Izakhamuzi eziqonda kahle ukuthi kungani abavoti bekwazi ukugxilisa ukunakekela kwabo emazweni athile futhi kungani ivoti yabo siqu benobukhulu obukhethekile phakathi kwe-mongo.

I-Census Bureau iqhuba izibalo ezweni lonke njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, futhi imiphumela inquma indlela izihlalo zezindlu ezingu-435 ezihlukaniswa ngayo phakathi kwezifundazwe. Ngemva kokubalwa kwabantu ngakunye, izifunda zingathola noma zilahlekelwe amavoti ahlelwa ngokwezinguquko zenani labantu. Lemijikelezo yokuvuna isho ukushintsha kwebala lebala lezezimboni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, libonisa ukwanda kwenani labantu eNingizimu naseNtshona neNtshona kuyilapho izifunda ezindala zezezimboni eNorthethe noMedwaster zibone ithonya lazo elikhethiwe. I-Voter ingabona isilinganiso samanje sokhetho bezwe ngewebhhhhhholo yeSiqinga likahulumeni yeSiqinganiso se- National Archives noma ihhovisi labo lokuvota zikahulumeni.

I - wner-Attall system neMaine neNebraska ezihlukanisiwe

Kumazwe angu- 48 naku-Washington, D.C., amavoti akhethwe ngesisekelo esizuziwe sonke. Umfundi othola amavoti athandwa kakhulu kulesosifunda uthola wonke amavoti alo hulumeni. Lo mshini uqinisa ukubaluleka kokuwina umbuso ngebala elincane futhi uchaza ukuthi kungani imikhankaso yomongameli igxila kakhulu ezifundeni lapho umphumela ungaqinisekile khona. Kuwo wonke amazwe, umbheki-wonke wesimiso somsizi angadala umqondo wokuthi amavoti abo angenamsebenzi emphumeleni wesizwe, ngisho noma ukuhlanganyela kwabo kusemqoka kakhulu ngenxa yemikhankalweni yezinhlanga nemithetho ebanzi.

Maine neNebraska zilandela indlela ehlukile ebizwa ngokuthi indlela yesifundazwe. Lokhu kuveza amavoti amabili akhethwe abanikazi abadumile kuhulumeni wonke futhi kwabe sekuhlelwa ivoti eyodwa evotinini ehleli esekelwe ekuvotini okuthandwayo kulesosifunda. Lesi simiso sivumela imiphumela ehlukene, lapho umvoti angawina khona amanye amagodi esifunda esithile ngisho nalapho elahlekelwa umbuso wonke. Kumuva nje, u-Maine no-Nebraska uve bakhiqize imiphumela ehlukene eqokomisa amathuba ezindlela ezithile zokuvota. Izakhamuzi kulamazwe zinethonya elikhulu kakhulu ngemiphumela yokukhetha kwevota ekhethekile, njengoba zivotela izindaba zazo zombili ezisesilinganisweni sesifunda nasesilinganisweni sombuso.

Inqubo yesifunda sesifunda sesifunda ithathe isithakazelo kubashisekeli benguquko abaphikisa ukuthi iyobonisa ngokunembe ngokwengeziwe intando ethandwayo ngaphakathi ezindaweni ngazinye. Nokho, abagxeki baveza ukuthi iyokwandisa amathuba okulawula abashokobezi, njengoba imingcele yesifunda ethathwa ama-partior amaziko esizwe ingaphazamisa ukukhethwa kwevoti ekhethiwe. Ukuqonda lokhu kuhlelwa kwamanani kunikeza izakhamuzi umongo wokuhlola iziphakamiso zenguquko futhi ziqaphele indlela imithetho yombuso wazo elawula ngayo ukuthatha kwazo isinyathelo.

Indima ye Voter eMklamweni we-Electoral College

Ukuphonsa Ibhola Lakho Ezokhangisa, Hhayi Izithakathi

Abavoti abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi lapho bengena egunjini lokuvota, ngokobuchwepheshe bakhetha isileti sabezivoti kunokuba bakhethe uMongameli noMongameli ongumKhosi. Amagama abameleli balowomongameli avela ku-colot, kodwa lawomagama anamathele eqenjini labavoti abathembise ukusekela labo abazovota. Umthetho kahulumeni unquma ukuthi abavoti bakhethwa kanjani amaqembu ezombangazwe, ikakhulukazi phakathi nemihlangano yesifunda noma ngezinhlangano zangaphakathi. Abantu abakhonza njengabavoti bavamile bayizishisekeli beqembu, izikhulu ezikhethiwe, noma abaholi bomphakathi abakhethelwe ukusekela ukwethembeka kwabo nenkonzo yabo.

Lobu buhlobo obungaqondile phakathi kwevoti ethandwayo nomphumela wokhetho owenziwe nge-operal budala ungqimba lwezimo ezifihlwayo ezingadida abavoti. Nokho, umphumela osebenzayo ucacile: ivoti ethandwayo ezweni lonke inquma ukuthi yisiphi isileti sababakhi abahlala kuso. Uma uvota i-Democratic okanye iRepublican commental, uqondisa izikhulu zikahulumeni ukuba ziqinisekise ukuthi isigwebo sabavoti beqembu likabani uma umvoti wakho ephumelela. Abavoti bokholo abaphula izivumelwano zabo bambalwa kodwa baye bazenza, futhi eminye imibuso iye yamisa imithetho efuna abavoti ukuba bavote ngokwezibambi bezivumelwano zabo noma izijezo zobuso. INkakhulu yasekela lemithetho yesivumelwano sesivumelwano se-Citaveravev. Washington, igcizelela umqondo wokuthi abavotisi abavoli abavoti beboli beboli abaziwayo abaziwayo be-voti.

Kukho ukuthembisana okungokoqobo, abavoti kufanele baqinisekise isikhundla sabo sokubhalisa, baqinisekise indawo yokuhlola, futhi baqonde izimfuneko zikahulumeni zabo zokwazi i-Ecomfice Application Commission inikeza abavoti imithombo yokuhlola ukubhaliswa kwabo futhi bafunde ngemithetho kahulumeni eqondile. Ukwazi indawo nokwaziswa kwehhovisi lakho lokuvota kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungaxazulula noma yiziphi izimpikiswano eziphakama phakathi nenqubo yokuvota.

Okwenza Izindaba Ozithandayo Zibe Ezingeni Elingenamdlandla

Voters zisho ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi uncika ngokungaguquki komunye umzabalazo ubuza ukuthi ukuthatha kwabo iqhaza kuyawenza umehluko yini. Lokhu kugxeka kuyaqondakala kodwa akunakwa izilinganiso eziningana ezibalulekile zokuthembisana kwezakhamuzi. Izinhlanga ze-Realot zeSigele, indlu, isishaya-mthetho, umbusi, namahhovisi endawo inquma ngokuqondile imiphumela yemithetho ezindabeni ezinjengezemfundo, ezobuhlakani, izisekelo, nentela. I-Electoral College ihlela i-precien, kodwa izinqumo eziningi ezilandelayo zenziwa ezweni nasezingeni lendawo lapho ivoti yakho inquma khona ngempela umphumela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqabuka okukhulu ezindaweni ezingancintisani kuthumela izimpawu kubaholi beqembu ngokuphathelene nentshiseko kanye nesimiso esiza kuqala. Isifundazwe esivela ngamanani amakhulu kulowo olahlekelwa yinhlangano, amandla okuzithandela, kanye nesifiso sezombangazwe esithonya ukuthuthuka kwesigaba seqembu kanye nenani lempahla emijikelezweni yesikhathi esizayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinguquko zenani labantu zingasusa ukuthambekela kombuso kokuvota, futhi izindlela zokuvota eziqhubekayo ziveza ingqikithi yabahlaziyi abahlolayo nababhikishi. Ivoti ethandwayo yesizwe, ngisho noma inganqumi impumelelo, ithwala izinga lezombangazwe nele mithetho engokokuziphatha emijikelezweni emayelana ne-Electoral Collegery ne-democration.

Ekugcineni, ukuhlanganyela kuzo zonke izinqumo zakha imikhuba yomphakathi eqinisa izinhlangano zentando yeningi.

Ingxenye Ephilayo Yomshini Wokudlala Izindiza

Usuku Lokukhetha

Le nqubo iqala ngoMsombuluko wokuqala ngoNovember, lapho izakhamuzi kulo lonke izwe ziphonsa imiphumela yazo. Izikhulu zikahulumeni zokuvota zimisa imiphumela futhi ziqinisekisa ingqikithi yamavoti athandwayo kazwelonke kumfundi ngamunye. Inqubo yokubhalisa ihlanganisa amabhodi okhetho esifunda, isho uhulumeni obala uma imikhawulo yemingcele incane, futhi imvume yokugcina ithathwa umbusi kazwe noma igunya lokhetho. Lenkathi ivame ukuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa, kuye ngokuthi igebe lisondelelene nenqubo yokulandisa kwezwe.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abanqobi bezinhlelo zezezindaba abazuzayo besekelwe engqikithini yevoti naseminyangweni yokuphuma, kodwa ukuzimisela okungokomthetho kuxhomeke emiphumeleni eqinisekisiwe kahulumeni ngamunye. Izakhamuzi kufanele zithembele emiphumeleni yezikhulu ye-oversity kunokuba zithembele emiphumeleni yezindaba lapho zihlola imiphumela yokukhetha. Inkathi yesiqinisekiso iyaphela ekuqaleni kukaDecember, inikeza isikhathi sokuxazulula izimpikiswano nokuqinisekisa ukubala okunembile. I-Electoral Count Reformation Act ka-2022 yacacisa indima yababusi bezwe ekuqinisekiseni imiphumela futhi iphakamise umnyango wemidanganiso, inikeza ukucaca okwengeziwe kulenqubo.

Ukuhlangana Kwabaqondisi Bemizwa

NgoLwesibili lokuqala ngemva koLwesithathu lwesibili ngoDecember, abavoti bahlangana emanhloko hulumeni ukuze bavote. Lo mhlangano uyenzeka kanye kanye kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50 neWashington, D.C., wenze isenzakalo esihlangene sesizwe. Abavoti ngephepha lomthetho, ibhola elilodwa likaMongameli nelodwa likaMongameli. Basayina izitifiketi eziyisithupha zokuvota, ezisakazwa kuziphathimandla ezihlukahlukene kuhlanganise noMongameli weSishayamthetho, iSiqingo sesizwe, nonobhala wezwe. Umhlangano uyisinyathelo esingokomthetho kodwa esibophayo sokhetho.

Umhlangano wezwe ngalinye uqhutshwa umbusi noma isikhulu sokhetho esimisiwe, futhi izigigaba zivame ukufakazelwa amalungu omphakathi nabezindaba. Abaphethisi banganikeza izinkulumo noma bahlanganyele emisebenzini engokomfanekiso, kodwa umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukuqopha nokudlulisa amavoti abo. Umphakathi ungayibuka le mihlangano, futhi ezinye izizwe ziphila ngokuvama izigijimi zezetebhusayithi zabo zehhovisi lokhetho. Izakhamuzi ezinesithakazelo enqubweni zingathintana nehhovisi lazo lezwe lokukhetha ukuze ziqonde noma zibukele umhlangano enhloko-nhloko - dolobha yazo.

Ukuqinisekiswa Inhlangano

Ekuqaleni kuka-January, uMkhandlu uhlangana eqenjini elihlangene ukuze ubale amavoti abumbene futhi uqinisekise umnqobi. UMongameli ongummeli, endimani yakhe njengoMongameli weSigele, uqondisa isimiso futhi uvule izitifiketi ezivela kuhulumeni ngamunye ngokulandelana kwe-alfabeti. Abaphathi bendlu neSigele bafunda isitifiketi ngasinye ngokuzwakalayo futhi babhale amavoti angu-70 agunyaziwe njengommeli. Lesi siqinisekiso siyisinyathelo sokugcina esingokomthetho enqunyweni yokhetho futhi sivame ukuba sibhalwe ngaphandle kwempikiswano.

I-Electoral Count Reform Act ka-2022 yenza izinguquko ezinkulu kulenkathi ngokumisa isango lokuhlala lokumelene nomthetho we-votoral. Ngaphansi komthetho omusha, okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezinhlanu zamalungu kokubili endlu neSigele kumelwe isayine ngokumelene nokungavumelani kwayo. Lenguquko yaklanyelwa ukuvimbela ukuphikisa okungamanga nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokubhalisa ibonakalisa intando yabavoti njengoba iboniswe ngemiphumela yezwe. Isimiso selungu liyisikhashana esinamandla ekuphileni kwezakhamuzi zaseMelika, sibonisa ukudluliswa okunokuthula kwamandla asekela uhulumeni womthetho.

Obani Ababukeli Futhi Bakhethwa Kanjani?

Abahloli bayizakhamuzi ezivamile ezikhethwe amaqembu ezombangazwe ukuze zivote abazobhapathizwa. Inqubo yokukhetha iyahluka ngokwezwe, kodwa ngokuvamile ilandela eyodwa kwezintathu. Ezinye izigodlo zikhetha abavoti phakathi nemihlangano yesifundazwe, lapho izihambeli zivota ohlwini lwababezobhapathizwa abatuswa umholi weqembu. Ezinye izizwe zisebenzisa isimiso lapho umkhandlu womongameli weqembu ukhetha khona abantu ngabanye ukuba bakhonze njengabavoti. Indlela yesithathu ihilela ukuvota kwekomiti yesifunda yeqembu labavoti abavoti ababoshelwe ngokhetho lweqembu lika-December kodwa ngaphambi komhlangano wesifundazwe.

Abantu abasebenza njengabavoti ngokuvamile banomlando wenkonzo yeqembu. Bangase babe izikhulu ezikhethiwe, izikhulu zeqembu zamuva, abashisekeli bempi, noma abaholi bomphakathi abaye babonisa ukwethembeka kuleliqembu. Umthetho we-Frederal unqabela noma ubani oye wahlanganyela ekuvukeleni noma ekuvukeleni i-United States ukuba akhonze njengonokhetho, futhi akekho ummeleli, ummeleli, noma umuntu ophethe ihhovisi lokuthenjwa noma inzuzo ngaphansi kwe-United States. Lemithetho ethembekile iqinisekisa ukuthi abavoti bayizakhamuzi ezizimele kunokuba bahlale ngaphansi komthetho.

Izakhamuzi ezifuna ukuba umkhethi zingafuna ukufinyelela eqenjini lazo lezombangazwe ukuze zibuze ngenqubo yokukhetha. Nakuba ithuba lokusebenza njengokhetho liyivelakancane futhi lixhomeke ekuzuzeni ivoti ethandwa nguhulumeni wonke, limelela indlela enengqondo yokuhlanganyela ngokuqondile enqubweni yomthetho-sisekelo. Inhlangano ngayinye yezwe inganikeza ukwaziswa ngemihlangano noma imihlangano ezayo lapho abavoti becatshangelwa khona.

Abaphehli Abangenalukholo: Kwenzekani Lapho Abangalunaki Behluleka?

Umvoti ongenalukholo ungomunye ovota ngokuphambene nesiqinisekiso sabo noma umphumela othandwayo esifundazweni sabo. Kuwo wonke umlando wase-U.S., abavoti abangaphansi kuka-200 baye baphula isithembiso sabo, futhi akekho okhethi abangenalukholo owake wawushintsha umphumela wokhetho lukamongameli. Nokho, izenzakalo ezihlukene ziye zenzeka, kuhlanganise noyedwa ngo - 2016 lapho abavoti bezwe laseWashington bezama ukuvotela omunye umuntu kunoHillary Clinton. INkantolo ePhakelele eChiafalo v. Washington (20) yasekela igunya lemibuso lokumisa imithetho yezivumelwano ngokususa noma ukujezisa abavoti abangenalukholo.

Izifundazwe ezingamashumi amathathu nantathu neSithili saseColumbia zinemithetho efuna abavoti ukuba bavote ngokwesithembiso sabo. Ezinye izifundazwe zisusa abavoti abangenalukholo ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi zifake ezinye izici, kuyilapho ezinye zifaka amafa noma izikhalo ezingafanele. INkantolo Ephakeme yacacisa ukuthi uMthetho-sisekelo awubaniki abakhethi inkululeko yokuvota unembeza wabo futhi abamisi-mthetho bangabopha abavoti emphumeleni othandwayo. Lokhu kucacile okungokomthetho kuye kwanciphisa ingozi yabakhethi abangenalukholo abathonya umongameli abaqhubekela phambili.

Kuzakhamuzi, umphakamo wokhetho ongenalukholo ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqonda ukuthi abavoti bakhethwa kanjani futhi bathweswa icala elingakanani. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuba kuvele ukuphambuka, ukuvikelwa nomthetho kwenza kube nokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba abavoti abangenalukholo bathinte umphumela wesizwe. Abavoti abangathemba ukuthi amavoti kahulumeni wabo cishe azakuphonswa kulowo ozothola ivoti ethandwayo kulesosifunda.

Imibono Evamile Engalungile Ngekholiji Le - Electoral

Imibono eminingi eyiphutha iyaqhubeka nge-Electoral College, futhi ukuxoxa nayo kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zihileleke ngolwazi oluthe xaxa ngalenqubo. Okunye ukungaqondi okuvamile ukuthi iElectoral College iyinhlangano engokoqobo ephethe isakhiwo eWashington, D.C. eqinisweni, iyiqembu elihlukene labavoti abahlangana kanye kanye ezinhloko-mkhandlwini ezingu-50 zesifundazwe. Akukho ndlunkulu ye-Electoral College ephakathi, futhi akukho ndawo eyodwa lapho bonke abavoti bama-58 behlangana khona.

Enye inkolelo eyiphutha ithi ukuvota okuthandwayo akunandaba ngoba i-Electoral College inquma umnqobi. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi i-Electoral College idlula ivoti ethandwayo yesizwe lapho i-sprever, ivoti ethandwayo esifundeni ngasinye inquma ukuthi lowo khetho lukahulumeni uthwele kanjani i-voti. Ukuvota okuthandwayo kubekwe ngaphandle kwesibalo sikahulumeni, hhayi izinga lesizwe, kodwa kuhlala kusenamandla anqumayo ekuvoti abavoti abavoti abasemthethweni. Izakhamuzi eziqonda lomehluko zingabona kanjani ukuthi lo mahluko wabo usendaweni ekhethekile kahulumeni wabo ngisho noma ingqikithi ethandwayo yesizwe ingawukhethi ngokuqondile umongameli.

Abanye abavoti bakholelwa futhi ukuthi abavoti baboshelwe umthetho kahulumeni ukuba bavote ngendlela ethile. Eqinisweni, umthetho kahulumeni ulawula izibopho zabavoti, futhi iNkantolo Ephakeme iye yaqinisekisa ukuthi imibuso ingaqinisa izimfuneko zesithembiso. Nokho, awukho umthetho kahulumeni ofuna abavoti ukuba bavotele noma imuphi umuntu ozobhapathizwa. Inqubo yokubopha isebenza ngezisekelo ezingokomthetho zesilinganiso sikahulumeni ezihlukahluka-hlukene ezweni. Ukuhlola isimiso sokhetho sombuso wakho kunikeza umfanekiso ocacile wezibopho zokhetho ebukhosini bakho.

Inkolelo - ze yokugcina i-Electoral College ayinakho ukubusa ngedemokrati uma iqhathaniswa nezimiso zokukhetha zobumongameli bamanye amazwe. Eqinisweni, idemokrasi eningi isebenzisa izindlela zokukhetha ezingaqondile noma izakhiwo zikahulumeni ukuze inikeze amandla eziqediwe ezindaweni zonke. I-Jalimane, i-Indiya, ne-Italy zonke zinezikoleji ezikhethelwe ukukhetha amakholiji noma izindikimba ezifanayo zokukhetha amakhanda kazwe. Isimiso sase-U.S. asivamile ekunikeni amazwe aphelele abaphathi bokhetho, kodwa umqondo wokhetho olungaqondile ngobukhulu besifunda akuyona into engavamile emhlabeni wonke.

Indlela Izakhamuzi Ezingahlanganyela Ngayo Ngaphandle Kokuncomana

Ukuba izakhamuzi ezikhuthele kuhilela okungaphezu kokufaka isikhwama somtapo njalo eminyakeni emibili noma emine. Izakhamuzi ezifuna ukujulisa inqubo yazo yokuthembisana ne-Electoral College zingaphishekela izindlela eziningana. Ukuya emhlanganweni wabavoti enhloko - dolobha kuyindlela enamandla yokuqaphela intando yeningi ethatha isinyathelo. Le mihlangano isobala, futhi amazwe amaningi anikeza izihlalo zezibukeli. Ukubona abavoti befaka amavoti abo futhi basayina izitifiketi kunikeza ukuhlobana komthetho - sisekelo okungakaze kubonwe yizakhamuzi eziningi.

Ukufuna isikhundla njengomkhethi kulolohlobo lokuthembisana. Iqembu ngalinye elikhulu lezombangazwe lidinga abavoti kuzo zonke izifundazwe, futhi inqubo yokuba umuntu abe yilungu iqala ngokuhileleka kweqembu. Ukuzinikela nenhlangano yendawo, ukuthatha izikhundla zesifunda sesifunda, nokwakha ubuhlobo nezikhundla zobuholi beqembu labantu okumelwe kubhekwe njengezindima zokukhetha. Ngisho noma ungakhethwanga, inqubo yokuhlanganyela eqenjini lentando yeningi iqinisa isimiso sobudemokrasi esikhulu.

Izakhamuzi eziningi zihlale zididekile ngokuthi ukuvota kwazo kuhlobana kanjani nomphumela wokhetho, futhi izincazelo ezicacile ezivela komakhelwane noma kohulumeni zinganciphisa ukukhungatheka nokuhlanganyela. INational Archives and Records Administration inikeza imithombo eningi ngenqubo ye-Electoral College ehlanganyelwa izakhamuzi.

Ukuhlanganyela ekuthatheni izinyathelo zokuguqula inguquko kungenye indlela yezakhamuzi ezikholelwa ukuthi i-Electoral College idinga ushintsho. Izinhlangano nhlangothi zombili emsebenzini wempikiswano wokulondoloza noma ukulungisa isimiso. INhlangano ye-National Popular Vote Intertate Community ihlose ukuqinisekisa umongameli owina ivoti ethandwayo e-Electoral College. Izakhamuzi zingafunda ngalokhu nezinye iziphakamiso zenguquko ngezinhlangano zemfundo yesizwe ezingahambisani nezinhlangano zeNhlangano yabesifazane njengaseVoters noma iBipartarian Policy Center.

Ekugcineni, ukuxhumana nomthetho-mthetho wakho noma izikhulu zokhetho ukuze ziveze imibono eqondisweni yokhetho kuqinisekisa ukuthi isakhamuzi sithonya indlela isimiso esisebenza ngayo. Abamisi-mthetho bakahulumeni bamisa imithetho yokubhalisa umvoti, ukungena, ukuvota, amahora okuhlola, nokukhetha. Ukubhala incwadi, ukuqulwa kwasobala, noma ukuhlanganyela engqungqutheleni yehholo ledolobha kukunika indima eqondile ekulolongeni indawo yokukhetha uma ukhetha esikhathini esizayo.

Isiphetho

I-Electoral College isalokhu isici esichazayo sokhetho lukamongameli waseMelika, ukuhlanganisa isiko lomthetho-sisekelo nesimiso sombuso wentando yeningi. Kubantu, ukuqonda lesi simiso kuguqula inkolelo-lwazi engokwezombangazwe engokoqobo yendlela amavoti abo adala ngayo imiphumela ekhethayo. Uhambo olusuka ekufakeni i-collet ngoNovember ukubuka isiqinisekiso sovota ngo-January kuyinqubo ehlanganisa izikhawu eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuthatha komuntu ngamunye iqhaza ekubusweni kwezwe lonke.

Indima yesakhamuzi ngasinye kulesi simiso ingeyoqobo futhi ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhalalisa abavoti, ukuhlanganyela nezinqubo zedili, ukugubha imihlangano yevoti, nokusekela izinguquko konke kumelela izindlela ezinengqondo zokuhlanganyela komphakathi. IElectoral College ingabonakala iyinkimbinkimbi noma ifinyele, kodwa ekugcineni isekelwe esisekelweni esisodwa njengezinhlangano zedemokrasi: ukuhlanganyela kwabantu okunolwazi, okukhuthele okusebenza kubo.

Njengoba isizwe siqhubeka siguquka, iElectoral College cishe iyohlala iyindaba yempikiswano nenguquko engenzeka. Izakhamuzi ezithatha isikhathi ziqonde izinqubo zazo, umlando waso, nendima yazo ngaphakathi kuyo zihlonyiselwe kangcono ukuba zikwazi ukusebenzisa leyo mpikiswano futhi zibe nengxenye empilweni yentando yeningi yaseMelika. Le nqubo ayiphelele, kodwa yiyethu ukuqonda, ukuhlanganyela, nokuthuthuka.