Table of Contents

Ukuqamba okhethweni kumelela elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu atholakalayo kumalungu omphakathi afuna ukuhlela ikusasa lezindawo zawo, amadolobha, nezifunda. Ibhodi ngalinye linikeza iqhaza ekunqumeni isiqondiso semisebenzi yomphakathi, izinkonzo zomphakathi, nobuholi bendawo. Lapho izakhamuzi ziqonda ukubaluleka okukhulu kokuhlanganyela ekukhetheni, ziba matasa kakhulu, zinikwe amandla, futhi zinikezwe ekudaleni imiphakathi echumayo ebonisa izindinganiso nezinto eziza kuqala.

Isenzo sokuvota sidlulela ngalé kokuhlola amabhokisi ebhokisi. Simelela ukubonakaliswa okuyisisekelo komthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi nokuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi okuthinta ngokuqondile izinga lokuphila emiphakathini yethu. Ukusukela ekunqumeni ukuthi ama - dollar asetshenziselwa kanjani ukulolonga izimiso zemfundo, ukuphepha komphakathi, izakhiwo, nesivikelo sendawo ezungezile, ukukhetha kusebenza njengenqubo eyinhloko izakhamuzi ezivamile ezilawula ngayo ikusasa lazo elihlangene.

Ukuqonda Amandla Okukhetha Kwendawo

Ithonya elikhulu kakhulu ekuphileni kwakho livela ekuvoteni kokhetho endaweni, kodwa lemincintiswano ngokuvamile ithola ukunakekela okuncane kakhulu kunezinhlanga zesizwe. Uhlelo oluvamile kukhetho lwemeya lungu 20%, futhi ngaphesheya kwe-U.S., amaphesenti angu - 15 kuya ku - 27 kuphela abavoti abafanelekayo afaka ifomu lokuvota kukhetho lwabo lendawo. Lelinani eliphansi lokuhlanganyela lisho ukuthi inani elincane labavoti ligcina lenza izinqumo ezinkulu ezithinta yonke imiphakathi.

Okhetho bendawo banquma ukuthi izindawo zethu zibukeka kanjani futhi zizizwa kanjani, ukuthi imigwaqo yethu igcinwa ihlanzekile futhi iphephile, indlela imigwaqo yethu nomsebenzi wokuthutha, lokho okuthandayo ukuba nomsebenzi, ukuqala ibhizinisi futhi sibe nezingane ezindaweni esihlala kuzo. Lo khetho lulawula futhi izinqumo ezibucayi zemali. Izikhulu zendawo zihlela uhlelo lokuhlela ukukhokhela izikole, izinkonzo eziphuthumayo, nemikhankaso yomphakathi, kanye nokuvota, usiza ekunqumeni ukuthi imali eyengeziwe iya entweni enjengenokulondeka komphakathi, umtapo wezincwadi, noma intuthuko yomgwaqo.

Isilinganiso esincane kakhulu sokhetho lwendawo eqinisweni sifaka amandla ovoti ngabanye. Uma uvota ezinqumweni zendawo, izwi lakho linamandla kakhulu kunasezweni. Ukhetho lwendawo luvame ukubona umvoti ophansi, okusho ukuthi ukhetho lwakho lunamandla kakhulu, futhi nakuba izigidi zivota kukhetho lomongameli, izinhlanga zendawo zinganqunywa ngokuvota okumbalwa nje.

Umphumela Oqondile Wokusakaza Imisebenzi Ethuthukisiwe

Uma izakhamuzi zihlanganyela ngokuzikhandla okhethweni, zisiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iziphi izithakazelo nezimiso ezizoqondisa ukukhula komphakathi. Izinhlelo zithonya izinqumo ezibucayi ezithinta ukuthuthuka kwezemfundo, izinga lemfundo, izinyathelo zokuphepha komphakathi, ukukwazi ukunikeza usizo lwezempilo, nezindlela zokuhlola indawo ezungezile. Okhetho lwendawo lunquma ukuhola nezimiso ezithinta ukuphila kwansuku zonke kwezakhamuzi, kusukela emfundweni nasekulondekeni komphakathi kuya ezisekelweni ezisekelweni ezisekelweni ezisekelweni nasezimisweni zomphakathi.

Umvoti ophakeme uveza izinzuzo eziphathekayo emiphakathini. Umvoti ophakeme ovotayo endaweni yokhetho uthuthukisa ukufaneleka kwemiphumela yokhetho, ukubusa, nokubambisana komphakathi. Umvoti ophakeme ukhuthaza ukuboshelwa nokunikezwa kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe, ukhuthaza umuzwa wokuba nomthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi kanye nokuziphendulela phakathi kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe, futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi amazwi engxenye enkulu yomphakathi azwakala, enezela ekutheni kube nohulumeni wendawo ozimele nosabelayo.

Ngokuphambene, uma umvoti eshiya indawo ephansi, imiphakathi ibhekene nezingozi ezinkulu. Uma umvoti ephansi, kunengozi yezinqumo ezenziwa abantu abancane nabangase bamelane nabo, ezingaholela ezimisweni ezingabonisi izidingo nemibono ehlukahlukene yomphakathi. Lokhu kudala umjikelezo lapho izinkathazo zomphakathi ongathathi hlangothi zishaywa indiva khona ngezimiso.

Izinguquko Zesimiso Eziqala Endaweni

Ezinye zezinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu emlandweni zaqala ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizinhlangano zendawo, njengoba izindaba ezinjengenguquko yemfundo, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuhlola indawo ezungezile, nezimiso zempilo yomphakathi ziqala emadolobheni nasezindaweni ezithile ngaphambi kokuba zikhule zibe yizinyathelo ezinkulu. Ngokuhlanganyela okhethweni bendawo, izakhamuzi zisiza ekumiseni izinguquko zezenhlalo ezithi zivumelane nezindinganiso zazo kanye nombono wesikhathi esizayo.

Izikhulu zendawo ezikhethiwe zithambekele ekungeneni kakhulu kunabanye abantu bendawo. Izikhulu zendawo zilapha kanye emiphakathini yethu, zizenza zingeneke kakhulu kunabaholi besizwe, futhi lokhu kuxhumana okuseduze kusho ukuthi zisengozini kakhulu ukulalela abavoti − ikakhulukazi labo ababonisa enqubweni yokuhlola. Lokhu kutholakala kwamathuba okuxoxa okuqhubekayo nokulandisa okungadluli ngosuku lokukhetha.

Okwenza Imishini Ihlanganyele Ezindabeni Zokubusa Ngentando Yeningi

Umvoti ophakeme ubhekwa njengophawu lwentando yeningi echumayo, futhi ukuhlanganyela okhethweni kusebenza njengesibonakaliso esibalulekile sempilo yomphakathi.

Ukubusa ngedemokrasi kuxhomeke kakhulu ekuhlanganyeleni kwezakhamuzi. Idemocracy ixhomeke ekuhlanganyeleni kwezakhamuzi, futhi lapho izakhamuzi zithembisene, zingaphana ngemibono, zifake izikhambi, futhi zisebenzise inkulumo ephucukile ukusingatha izimpikiswano ezibhekene nezindawo zazo. Ngalemizamo, izakhamuzi eziboshelwe ukuhlongoza izakhamuzi zazo zikwazi lokho ezikufunayo futhi ngaleyondlela zithonye inqubo, futhi kungakhona kuphela lapho izenzo zikahulumeni zingabonisa khona ngokunembile izithakazelo nezidingo zeningi.

Ukubaluleka kokuthembisana kwezakhamuzi kudlulela ngalé kokhetho. Inqubo yokuthembisana i-COVIC i- "inqubo abantu abathatha ngayo izinyathelo ezihlangene zokuxazulula izindaba zomphakathi" futhi“ bazimisele ukusekela umbuso wentando yeningi. ” Lapho imiphakathi ibonisa ukuthi ihlanganyela kakhulu emphakathini, bakha inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo futhi bakha izinhlangano zezakhamuzi eziboshelwe ukusebenza ndawonye ukuze baxazulule izinselele ezifanayo.

Ukwakha Imiphakathi Eqinile Ngokuhlanganyela

Imiphakathi inamandla futhi iyakwazi ukumelana kakhulu lapho intsha ihlanganyela, futhi amazinga aphakeme okuthembisana komphakathi angasiza imiphakathi ukuba ibhekane nokuntengantenga kwezomnotho futhi kuholele ekuncipheni kwezinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi izinzuzo zokuhlanganyela ngokhetho zidlulela ngalé kwemiphumela yesimiso esisheshayo, okunezela ekusimameni komphakathi wonke kanye nasekuvuthweni kwezomnotho.

Imiphakathi enamasiko aqinile okuthembisana ibona izinkinga ezimbalwa ezingalawuleki nezinga eliphakeme lokuphila, futhi imiphakathi enezibopho zomphakathi ezizimele — lapho wonke umuntu enendawo yokuchaza, yokuqondisa nokusebenzisa izinkonzo zomphakathi eziqondile nokusebenzisa izinkonzo zomphakathi — engenakho ukulingana okukhulu, ebonisa ukuziqhenya okukhulu emphakathini futhi ibonisa umthwalo wemfanelo wezakhamuzi owengeziwe.

Izizathu Eziwukuhlanganyela Ekukhetheni

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izindaba zokuhlanganyela ekuvotelweni kweqembu kungashukumisela amalungu omphakathi amaningi ukuba ahileleke enqubweni yentando yeningi, nazi izizathu eziphoqelela kakhulu zokwenza izwi lakho lizwakale ngokuvota:

Ukumelela Nezwi

Ukuqamba kuqinisekisa ukuthi amazwi omphakathi azwakala futhi amelelwe ekwenzeni izinqumo zikahulumeni. Ukuzwa indawo kungelinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu ukuze izifunda ezingokomlando ezingamele futhi ezihluzekile zenze amazwi azo azwakale futhi ashintshe isimiso. Uma abantu abahlukahlukene behlanganyela okhethweni, izimiso eziwumphumela ziveza kangcono izidingo ezigcwele zomphakathi kanye nemibono.

Ngeshwa, ukukhetha okuphansi phakathi kwabavoti abafanelekayo bemibala, abathola imibala ephansi, kanye nentsha ngokuvamile kuholela ezinqumweni ezingabonisi izifiso zabo noma izidingo, kodwa lapho lemiphakathi ifuna ukuvota, ingasusa ukulinganisela kwamandla. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka okubalulekile kokuhlanganyela okukhulu kuwo wonke amaqembu abantu.

Umthetho Olawula Ukusetshenziswa Kwemali Nemithombo

Ukuhlanganyela ekuhlanganyeleni kwezebhizinisi kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zisekele izinhlelo ezizozuzisa imiphakathi yazo. Okhetho lwendawo lugxile ekutheni imali yabelwa kanjani futhi isetshenziswa kanjani, ukunquma ukuthi izokwakha inkundla entsha yini, ukuqhubeka nokuxhasa umtapo wezincwadi womphakathi, noma ukusekela amabhizinisi amancane. Lezi zinqumo zemali zinezithonya ezisheshayo nezihlala njalo ezingeni lokuphila lomphakathi.

Lapho izikhulu ezikhethiwe ziqonda ukuthi abantu ezibakhethayo bayanaka futhi ziyoba nesibopho sokulandisa ebhokisini lokuvota, cishe zihlela izimiso ezizuzisa umphakathi kunabantu abanesithakazelo esikhethekile.

Ukuba Nesibopho Sokulandisa Kubaholi

Ukukhetha kusebenza njengenqubo eyinhloko yokugcina izikhulu ezikhethiwe zinomthwalo wemfanelo kubantu ezibakhonzayo. Ziqinisiwe, zisekelwe ekuhlanganyeleni okubanzi kokhetho `endaweni, kuhulumeni, kuhulumeni, naku-prigoring's landisa kwabenzi bemithetho ezakhamuzini futhi ziwumboniso oyinhloko wesimiso sezombangazwe sentando yeningi. Uma izikhulu ziyazi ukuthi kumelwe zibhekane nabavoti njalo, zinezisusa ezinamandla zokuhlala zisabela ezidingweni nasemkhathazweni.

Abavoti abahlanganyelayo abalokhu benikeza izimpawu ezicacile mayelana nezinto eziza kuqala emphakathini, okwakha ukucindezela okuqhubekayo kokubusa okusabelayo ngisho naphakathi kwemijikelezo yokhetho.

Ukufeza Umthwalo Wemfanelo Ohlangene

Abantu abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi banomthwalo wemfanelo womuntu siqu wokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo emphakathini wabo. Lo muzwa wesibopho uhlanganisa izakhamuzi zamanje nesiko elide lokuhlanganyela ekubuseni ngentando yeningi futhi usiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinhlangano zentando yeningi zihlale zinamandla ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.

Ukuhlanganyela ekuthembiseni uhulumeni kungumkhuba ofana nanoma yikuphi okunye: ukuqala kusengaphambili kungakha umkhuba wokuthembisana ngomphakathi okuyohlala kukho konke ukuphila, futhi lapho yonke intsha ihlakulela imikhuba enempilo yomphakathi, amakhono nokuzinikela, ukubusa ngentando yeningi kwethu kuyochuma.

Ukudala Imiphakathi Elinganayo

Izindawo zethu nentando yeningi zibanobulungisa futhi zilingana uma bonke abantu cishe bebonke futhi bebonke,(__bahileleka futhi bathathe isinyathelo.) Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi kusiza ekusebenziseni amakheli ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amazwi aphansi ahlanganisiwe ezinqubweni zokwenza izinqumo.

Ukunikezwa kwemvume kuhulumeni kungaholela ekukhathazekeni kwedlanzana, imali ephansi, futhi izakhamuzi ezincane zinganakwa, futhi izindaba zamaqembu aphakeme okuvota zibhekiswa kaningi, kubangele ukuba kudluliswe izikweleti ezengeziwe ukuze kuxazululwe lezinkinga. Ukunqanda lomjikelezo kudinga imizamo yamabomu yokwandisa ukuhlanganyela emaqenjini angaphansi kwamaqembu akhona.

Ukuqonda Izithiyo Ezivimbela Ukuhlanganyela

Ukuqonda lezi zithiyo kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu okwandisa futhi kuqinisekise izinqubo ezihlanganisa ukubusa ngentando yeningi.

Ukuntuleka Kolwazi Nokuqaphela

Ukuntuleka kokwaziswa ngabazovota kanye nezimpikiswano kwakuyisithiyo esikhulu kunazo zonke esisemkhawulweni weminyaka eyinkulungwane esisehlelayo ekuvotelweni kwendawo. Abavoti abaningi abazi ukuthi kuzoba nini uma kukhethwa indawo noma ukuthi kuhileleke kangakanani.

Ukungaqapheli okungokombangazwe kungaba isithiyo esikhulu kubavoti okhethweni bendawo, futhi lapho abavoti bengabazi abazobhapathizwa, izindaba, noma ukubaluleka kokuhlanganyela enqubweni yokuvota, bangase bagweme ukuvota ngokuphelele noma benze izinqumo ezingenangqondo kulokhu kuhlola.

Ungaxhumani Nohulumeni Wendawo Nokuphila Kwansuku Zonke

Iminyaka eyinkulungwane ayiboni ukuthi uhulumeni wendawo uthinta ukuphila kwayo kanjani, futhi ithanda kakhulu izindaba zendawo, kodwa abaningi abaxhumi phakathi kwalezizinto nohulumeni wendawo, ngakho ababoni ukuthi kungani kuvotelwa izindaba zikahulumeni wendawo. Lokhu kuveza inselele enkulu yemfundo okumelwe imiphakathi ibhekane nayo ukuze ithathe isinyathelo.

Lapho izakhamuzi ziqonda ukuthi izinqumo zezikhulu zendawo zilawula izikole, izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi, amapaki, izimiso zokuthuthukisa izindlu, nezokuthuthukisa ibhizinisi, zisengozini enkulu yokubona ukubaluleka kokuhlanganyela kwezincwadi ezikhethweyo.

Ukungafani Kwemibono

Ukufuna ukhetho lwendawo kucishe kube yi-ahlor engcono kakhulu eholweni, ubudala nobuzwe bomphakathi. Abavoti abadumile banokukhetha okungamaphesenti angu-30 kuya ku-50 kokhetho lwendawo kunabavoti abahola imali ephansi, futhi labo abangu-65+ basengozini ephindwe kasikhombisa yokuvota okhethweni bendawo kunabavoti abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-34. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimiso zendawo ngokuvamile zibonisa izinto eziza kuqala kubantu abadala, abacebile kunomphakathi ogcwele.

Uma kuziwa kukhetho lwendawo, amazinga okukhetha avame ukuba mancane kakhulu kunokhetho oluba khona ukuze luqondane nokhetho lukahulumeni, futhi izici zokuzalana kwabavoti zifana kakhulu nezingahlangani. Ukuxoxa nalezizigaba ezihlukene kudinga ukuhlohlwa kokufinyelelwa nokuhlelwa kwezivumelwano okuhlangabezana nemiphakathi ehlukene lapho zikhona.

Izinselele Eziwusizo Nezinengqondo

Kubantu abakhuluma ulimi oluyinhloko, imingcele yolimi ingabangela inselele ekuqondeni izinto zokuvota nezinqubo zokuvota, futhi ukutholakala kwezinto ezihunyushwe noma abahumushi abambalwa kuphazamise ukuqonda ukwaziswa okuhunyushwayo, okungaholela ekuhlukanisweni kwemiphakathi ngenqubo yokukhetha.

Ezinye izinselele ezihambisana nokuncishiswa kwezincwadi zihlanganisa izindawo zokuvota ezingahleleki, amahora okuvota alinganiselwe angqubuzana nezimiso zomsebenzi, ukuntuleka kwezinto zokuhamba nokudideka ngezimfuneko zokubhalisa.

Ukuqeda Imithombo Yezindaba Yasendaweni

Iziphazamiso zemithombo yezindaba yendawo zingaholela ekungathembini izivumelwano zomphakathi; abavoti abanalwazi oluncane okhethweni lwendawo kunakwesizwe, ngakho mancane amathuba okuvota. Ukuncipha kwemitapo yezindaba yendawo kuye kwadala amagebe olwazi abalulekile okwenza kube nzima ngabavoti ukufunda ngabazocela, baqonde izindaba zendawo, futhi benze izinqumo ezibonisa ulwazi.

Ngaphandle kokusakaza izindaba zendawo ezinamandla, izakhamuzi eziningi aziqapheli ngezinhlanga ezibalulekile zendawo nezindaba ezihilelekile.

Indlela Yokuhileleka Nokuhlanganyela Ngokuphumelelayo

Ukuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo ekukhetheni kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuvela ngosuku lokhetho.

Bhalisa Ukuba Negama Futhi Uqinisekise Ukubhalisa Kwakho

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuhlanganyela kukhetho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubhaliswe kahle ekuvoteni. Izimfuneko zokubhalisa ziyahluka ngokwezwe nendawo, ngakho kubalulekile ukuqonda imithetho eqondile esetshenziswa endaweni yakini. Izifunda eziningi manje zinikeza ukubhaliswa kwe-intanethi, okwenza le nqubo ibe ngcono kunanini ngaphambili.

Ngisho noma ububhalisile ngaphambili, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuqinisekisa ukubhalisa kwakho phambi kokhetho ngalunye. Ukushintsha kwekheli, igama, noma okunye ukwaziswa komuntu kungadinga ukuvuselela ukubhalisa kwakho. Izifundazwe eziningi zinikeza amathuluzi kuwe-inthanethi lapho ungahlola khona izinga lokubhalisa kwakho nendawo yokuhlola. Ungathola ulwazi olubanzi lokuvota kanye nemithombo . org, okunikeza isiqondiso sikahulumeni esifingqiwe kanye namathuluzi okubhalisa kulayini.

Hlala Unolwazi Ngokukhetha Okuzayo

Abavoti abaningi bayalwazi ukhetho olukhulu lukamongameli kodwa baphuthelwa imincintiswano ebalulekile yendawo eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezihlukene phakathi nonyaka. Okhetho oluningi lwendawo lugcinwa ngebhayisekili, ngezinsuku ezihlukene kuhulumeni ophezulu nokhetho lukahulumeni. Lokhu kwenza kube balulekile ukulandelela izinsuku zokhetho emphakathini wakini.

Isayinwa ngezaziso zokhetho ezivela ehhovisi lokhetho lendawo ohlala kuyo, landela imithombo yezindaba yendawo, futhi uphawule izinsuku ezibalulekile ekhalendeni lakho. Imiphakathi eminingi manje inikeza izixwayiso ngokhetho oluzayo, izikhathi zokubhalisa, nokwaziswa kokuvota. Ukusebenzisa le mithombo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke uphuthe amathuba okuhlanganyela.

Ukucwaninga Nezindaba

Izakhamuzi ezihlanganyela ubudlelwane zijwayelana nezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibhekene nezwe kanye namasu ahlukahlukene okusingatha lezozindaba, khona - ke zivotela labo ezikholelwa ukuthi bayowufanelekela kangcono umsebenzi. Lenqubo yokucwaninga ibalulekile ekufakeni amavoti anolwazi abonisa ngempela izindinganiso zakho nezinto eziza kuqala.

Qala ngokuphawula amahhovisi nezinyathelo zombhede ezizovela ephepheni lakho. Hlola isizinda somfundi ngamunye, okuhlangenwe nakho, nezikhundla zakhe ezindabeni eziyinhloko. Bheka ama-commons, izimpikiswano, nezingxoxo ezinikeza amathuba okubona abazohlolelwa bexoxa ngezindaba ngokujule. Funda amawebhusayithi omfundi, kodwa funa futhi imithombo ezimele yokwaziswa enjengeziqondisi ezingavoti zezindaba nemininingwane yendawo.

Ku-athomu nama-parenteum, zinike isikhathi sokuqonda ukuthi yini oyivotayo. Funda umbhalo ogcwele wezindlela ezihlongozwayo uma zikhona, futhi funa ukuhlaziywa ngezindlela eziningi ukuqonda imiphumela ehlukene.

Yiba Nemihlangano Nezinkundla Zomphakathi

Ukuya emihlanganweni yomphakathi, ama - counter namahholo amadolobha kunikeza amathuba awusizo okufunda ngezindaba zendawo futhi uhlanganyele ngokuqondile nabazobhapathizwa futhi ukhethe izikhulu. Ukuhlanganyela ezimisweni zomhlangano womphakathi ukuze kuxoxwe izakhamuzi ngezidingo nezinguquko okudingeka zenziwe.

Le mibuthano inikeza amathuba okubuza imibuzo, ukuzwa imibono ehlukahlukene, nokuthuthukisa ukuqonda okujulile ngezinselele zomphakathi futhi isikisela namakhambi. inikeza namathuba okuhlangana namanye amalungu omphakathi athembisene futhi yakhe izinhlangano zokuhlanganyela komphakathi okudlulela ngalé kokhetho.

Qonda Ukukhetha Kwakho Ukukhuluma

Okhetho banamuhla lunikeza izindlela eziningi zokufaka ivoti yakho, futhi ukuqonda izindlela ongazikhetha kungenza kube lula. Ama-ovential amaningi manje anikeza inkathi yokuvota yakudala enikeza abavoti ithuba lokuvumelana nezimiso eziyinselele. Ukukhetha iposi noma ukuvota okungekho ekhaya kukuvumela ukuba uvote ekhaya, okungabaluleke ngokukhethekile kulabo abanezinselele zokuhamba, imingcele yokuhamba, noma izimiso zomsebenzi ezingaguquguquki.

Uma ukuvota ngeposi, qaphelisisa izimpawu ezifike ngesikhathi nezimfuneko zokusayina ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ivota lakho liyabalwa. Uma ukuvota kutholakala endaweni yakini, yazi indawo yakho yokuvota namahora okusebenza.

Hlanganyela Ekuhlanganyeleni Okuqhubekayo

Izivumelwano zomphakathi eziphumelelayo zidlulela ngaphandle kokuphonsa izintambo. Izakhamuzi eziboshelwe zitshela abameleli bazo indlela abazizwa ngayo ngezindaba ezibalulekile. Thintana nezikhulu zakho ezikhethiwe phakathi nokhetho ukuze uhlanganyele imibono yakho ezinqumweni ezizayo nezidingo zomphakathi.

Ukuthembisana ngesivumelwano akugcini okhethweni; kuhlanganisa izenzo eziningi ezinjengokuvota, ukukhuthaza izinguquko zezimiso, nokuhlanganyela ezithandweni zomphakathi. Lokhu kuthembisana okubanzi kusiza ekwakheni isisekelo somphakathi esisekela izinqubo zentando yeningi ezinempilo futhi sidala ukubusa okusabela ngokwengeziwe.

Izinqubo Zokwanda Kwezinkampani Zomphakathi

Imiphakathi, izinhlangano nabantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokwandisa ukuhlanganyela ekukhetheni futhi baqinisekise ukuthi kunezinqubo ezihlanganisa ukubusa ngentando yeningi.

Ukukhetha Okuqinile

Enye yezinguquko eziphumelela kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukukhethwa kwendawo ukuhlanganisa ukhetho lwendawo nemincintiswano kahulumeni nohulumeni. Ukushintsha ukhetho lwendawo lube yizimo ezihambelanayo nokhetho lwezinga eliphezulu kungaholela ekwandeni okukhulu cishe ngokushesha, kuyilapho futhi kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokhetho.

Lapho iBaltimore ishintshelwa okhethweni lwendawo ngo-2016, umvoti wasuka kumaphesenti ayi-13 kuya ku-60, futhi ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi ukuthatha uhlangothi ngokhetho lwendawo oluhamba ngebhayisekili okungenani kuphindwe kabili kulolo lokhetho lwendawo olungekho. Ukushintshela okhethweni lwendawo oluhlanganyelwayo kuholela futhi ekuhlelweni kweqembu labavoti abamele, njengoba igebe lenkathi licishe lisuswe ngokuphelele lapho ukhetho lwendawo lushintshwa ukuba luvumelane nokhetho lukamongameli kanye nezikhala ezithatha isigaba sohlanga zincishisiwe kakhulu.

Nikeza Imfundo Ewusizo

Ukunikeza imfundo yomphakathi kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni umvoti wendawo, futhi imikhankaso yokwaziswa ingasetshenziselwa ukufundisa abantu ngabanye ngokukhetha kwabo okhethweni ngokugcizelela ukuthi ukhetho luyithonya eliqondile emiphakathini yendawo. Imfundo yeCivic kufanele iqale ezikoleni futhi iqhubeke phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yobudala ngezinhlelo zomphakathi nemikhankaso yokwaziswa komphakathi.

Imfundo ephumelelayo yomphakathi ihlanganisa ukuchaza abavotisi ukuze basize abantu baqonde indlela izinqumo zikahulumeni ezithinta ngayo ukuphila kwabo kwansuku zonke nendlela ukuhlanganyela kwabo okungathonya ngayo imiphumela. Ukwanda kwemfundo yomphakathi nokusetshenziswa kwemikhankaso yokuqaphela kusiza abavoti ukuba banike amandla okukhetha okuvumelana nezidingo zomphakathi wabo.

Izinhlangano Zomphakathi Ezingasasebenzi

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lapho abangayiphumeleli ngenkuthalo isekela imfundo yabavoti nokuhlanganyela, kungandisa kakhulu amathuba atholakalayo emiphakathini evame ukunganakwa. Izinhlangano zendawo zingafeza indima ebalulekile ekuvotini nasekuthembiseni amalungu azo, futhi abangane bomshado bangase bahlukane kusukela ezinhlanganweni zokholo kuya ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, ikholiji lezenhlalo nezinhlangano zomphakathi zabantu abanemibala ehlukahlukene.

Lezi zinhlangano zomphakathi ezithenjwayo zingafinyelela imiphakathi ephuthelwa uhulumeni ovamile, zinganikeza ukwaziswa okungokwesiko okufanelekile, zikhulume ngezinto ezithile ezikhathazayo, futhi zakhe izingosi zomphakathi ezikhuthaza ukuhlanganyela.

Susa Izithiyo Eziwusizo Ekuhambiseni Imisebenzi

Ukwenza ukuvota kutholakale futhi kube lula kakhulu kungandisa ukuhlanganyela. Izithiyo zezilimi kukhetho lwendawo zingasingathwa ngokunikeza izinkonzo zokukhetha ezikhuluma izilimi eziningi, izinkonzo zosizo, nokusekela okwanele emiphakathini yezilimi ezihlukahlukene. Ukuhlola izindawo zokuvota kuyafinyelelwa, kubhalwe kahle, futhi kususa izithiyo zokuhlanganyela.

Ukundisa amathuba okuvota angaphambili, ukunikeza amabhokisi okulahla alondekile eposi amabhokisi, nokucela ukubhaliswa kosuku olufanayo lapho kungenzeka khona konke kwenza kube lula ngezakhamuzi ezimatasa ukuba zihlanganyele. Umgomo kufanele ususe zonke isithiyo esingadingekile phakathi kwabavoti abazimisele nebhokisi leposi.

Ukuphoqelelwa Kwemisebenzi

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini eshukumisela amaqembu ahlukahlukene ukuba avote kusikisela ukuthi “‘ ukusekela izilaleli ($) ukuhlomela ukuvota kufanele kuqokomise esinye sezici ezintathu eziyinhloko ezithonya ukuziphatha kokuvota: ithonya, ukuvumelana, noma umphakathi. Ukufinyelela ngokunenzuzo kuqaphela ukuthi abantu abahlukahlukene bayasabela emibhalweni nasezindleleni ezihlukahlukene.

Abanye abavoti bagcizelela ukuthi izinqumo zendawo zithinta ukuphila kwabo ngendlela eqondile. Abanye bathatha isinyathelo sokuvota ngokukhetha okunwetshwayo. Abanye basabela ngokunamandla ekunxuseni ukugcizelela umthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi nezenzo zomphakathi. Ukudlulisela ukuphumelela kwezilaleli ezithile kuthuthukisa ukuphumelela kwazo.

Sebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Nezingosi Zokuxhumana

Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla bunikeza amathuluzi amasha okuthembisa ukuvota nemfundo. Amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana angasakaza ukwaziswa ngokhetho, abazovota, nezimpikiswano ngokushesha nangokubanzi. Ukubhalisa i-Online nohlelo lokulandelela i-offray kwenza ukuba kube lula kakhulu ukuhlanganyela. Imiyalezo nezikhumbuzo ze-imeyili kungashukumisela abantu ukuba bavote labo abangase bakhohlwe.

Ukuthembisana nge - Internet kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zihileleke kuhulumeni wendawo yazo ukuze zingabi nandlela yokuzivumela ukuba zikhulume zisemakhaya azo athokomele, nakuba ezobuchwepheshe kufanele ziphelelise kunokuba zithathe indawo yezindlela ezingokwesiko zokuthembisana, zinikeza amathuluzi awusizo okufinyelela abantu abathile futhi zenze ukuhlanganyela kufinyeleleke kakhudlwana.

Izinzuzo Ezibanzi Zokuhlanganyela Ngokuphumelelayo

Izinzuzo zokuhlanganyela ngokhetho oluqinile zidlulela ngalé kwemiphumela esheshayo yokhetho.

Ukuqinisa Ukubambisana Komphakathi

Isivumelwano sobunye siqinisa umbuso wentando yeningi futhi sinike abantu amandla ngokunikeza amazwi kulokho okwenzeka emiphakathini yabo, nangokuhlanganisa ngaphansi kwenjongo efanayo, sikha ukwethembana, uzwela, ukuxhumana nabantu, nokusekela okunamandla kokuthola nokusebenzisa amakhambi emiphakathini yethu. Inqubo yokusebenza ndawonye ezindabeni zomphakathi yakha inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo ezuzisa imiphakathi ngezindlela eziningi.

Ukuzihlanganisa nezinhlangano zokuzithandela kuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwezenhlalo futhi kunika izakhamuzi amandla ngokungavumelani namazwi, futhi amalungu omphakathi aphumelela kakhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga nasekubekeni izinhlangano zilandisa ngezenzo zazo njengengxenye ebalulekile yesenzo esihlanganisa izibopho zomphakathi.

Ukukhuthaza Ukulalela Kukahulumeni

Uma umvoti okhulayo wendawo uyokwenza lokhu khetho kube ummeleli owengeziwe futhi kuhlanganise nezakhamuzi ezihlukahlukene futhi kwenza uhulumeni wendawo usabelele ngokwengeziwe ezidingweni zawo.

Lokhu kusabela kwakha inqubo eqondile yokusabela: njengoba uhulumeni esabela ngokwengeziwe ezidingweni zomphakathi, izakhamuzi ziyabona ukuthi izindaba zokuhlanganyela kwazo, ezikhuthaza ukuthembisana okuqhubekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kwakha izinhlangano zentando yeningi ezinamandla kakhulu nokubusa okuphumelela ngokwengeziwe.

Ukuhola Amakhono Omsebenzi

Ukuhlanganyela ezinqubweni zokukhetha kusiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono omphakathi abalulekile nolwazi. Ukucwaninga kuye kwabonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi ukuhlanganyela emiphakathini naphakathi kwamaqembu asebenza ndawonye ngendaba ethile kunezinzuzo eziningi kubantu abasha ngokwabo. Lezi zinzuzo zihlanganisa ukuthuthukisa amakhono okucabanga ahluzekile, ukufunda ukuhlola ulwazi, ukuqonda indlela izinhlangano ezisebenza ngayo, nokwakha ukuqiniseka emakhonweni omuntu okushintsha.

Abantu abahileleka emikhankasweni nasezinhlangano zomphakathi ngokuvamile bathatha indima yokuhola emiphakathini yabo, bakha iphayiphi labaholi abanolwazi abazinikele abakwaziyo ukusingatha izinselele zesikhathi esizayo.

Ukudala Imiphumela Efanele

Uma ukuhlanganyela kokhetho kubanzi futhi kugcwele, imiphumela yesimiso ithambekele ekulinganiseni ukufaneleka. Ngokukhuthaza ukulandisa kukahulumeni, ukubambisana kwezenhlalo, ukuphambana, ukuphakamisa amazwi alulazayo, nokukhuthaza ushintsho oluhle, ukuthembisana kwezakhamuzi kuqinisekisa ukuthi zifeza indima esebenzayo ekulolongeni ikusasa ezilifisayo.

Ngokuphambene, lapho ukuhlanganyela kulinganiselwe ezingxenyeni ezincane zomphakathi, izimiso zithambekele ekubonakaliseni izithakazelo zalawomaqembu kuyilapho zidebeselela amanye.

Ukunqoba UbuCynic Nokudumazeka

Naphezu kokubaluleka okusobala kokuhlanganyela ekukhetheni, abaningi abangase bavote bayaqhubeka bengafuni ukukholelwa kwezombangazwe nohulumeni.

Ukuqaphela Amandla Okuqoqa

Nokho, lombono awuqondi ukuthi ushintsho lwentando yeningi luyenzeka kanjani. Nakuba abantu bengase bathole konke abakufunayo, bangafinyelela imigomo eminingi futhi bathuthukise ukuphila kwabo ngokuthembisana ngomphakathi.

Ukushintsha akuvamile ukuba umphumela wezenzo zomuntu ngamunye kodwa kunalokho kuvela ezinhlanganweni zezakhamuzi ezibophele ukusebenzela ukufinyelela imigomo efanayo.

Ukugxila Ethonyeni Lendawo

Nakuba ngokuvamile ezombangazwe zezwe zibusa imithombo yezindaba nokunakwa umphakathi, okhetho bendawo lunikeza amathuba aqondile okuba izakhamuzi ngazinye zibone umphumela wokuhlanganyela kwazo. izinqumo ezenziwa izikhulu zendawo zithinta ukuphila kwansuku zonke ngezindlela ezisheshayo nezingokoqobo, kusukela ezikoleni nasemigwaqweni kuya ekutholakaleni kwamapaki nezinkonzo zomphakathi.

Ukugxila kulezi zimo zendawo kungasiza ekunqobeni ukugxeka ngokubonisa ukuhlobana okusobala phakathi kokuhlanganyela nemiphumela.

Imikhuba Yokwakha Izivumelwano

Ukuthembisana ngesivumelwano se-cobic kuba lula futhi kungokwemvelo ngokuzijwayeza. Kusukela ngezinyathelo ezincane − ukubhalisa ukuvota, ukufunda ngezindaba zendawo, ukuya emhlanganweni womphakathi(-) kungakha amandla okuthembisana ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lemisebenzi iba imikhuba ezwakala njengezingxenye ezingokwemvelo zamalungu omphakathi kunokuba izibopho ezisindayo.

Ukukhuthaza intsha ukuba ihlakulele lemikhuba kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukuhlanganyela komphakathi kuba ingxenye yemininingwane yothile nenqubo ngesikhathi sobusha, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ihlale ihileleke kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, ikhe isisekelo sokuhlanganyela embusweni wentando yeningi kukho konke ukuphila kwayo.

Indima Yabahlanganyeli Abahlukile Ekuthuthukiseni Ukuhlanganyela

Ukuhlanganyela kwamanani ehholo okwandayo kudinga imizamo ehlangene kwababheki bezimali abaningi, ngamunye enza izindima ezihlukene kodwa ezivumelanayo ekwakheni isiko lomphakathi lokuthembisana.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Kahulumeni

Uhulumeni kuwo wonke amazinga unomthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo zokuvota ziyafinyelelwa, zisobala futhi zithembekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugcina iziqeshana zabavoti ezinembile, ukunikeza ukwaziswa okucacile mayelana nokubhaliswa nokuvota, ukuqinisekisa izindawo nemithombo eshayelwayo, nokuvikela ubuqotho bokhetho.

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zendawo zingadlulisela ukubaluleka komvoti ngokuveza izindaba ezithile zendawo ezithonywe ngokuqondile izikhulu ezikhethiwe. Ohulumeni kufanele bakhulumisane nezakhamuzi ngokhetho oluzayo nangezindaba ezihilelekile, okwenza kube lula ngabantu ukuqonda ukuthi yini abavota kuyo nokuthi kungani ibalulekile.

Izinhlangano Zemfundo

Imfundo yomphakathi kufanele ihlanganiswe phakathi kwazo zonke izifundo zokufundisa, isize abafundi ukuba baqonde indlela uhulumeni osebenza ngayo, kungani kuhileleke, nokuthi bangahlanganyela kanjani ngokuphumelelayo njengezakhamuzi.

Izinhlelo zenkonzo ziphumelele ekukhuthazeni abafundi ukuba bafune ukuhlangana nabo lapho sebekhulile. Izinhlangano zemfundo kufanele zinikeze abafundi amathuba okuhlanganyela emisebenzini yangempela yezezwe, bakhe kokubili ulwazi nemikhuba yokuhlanganyela okuyobasiza kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.

Izinhlangano Zomphakathi

Izinhlangano ezingazuzisi, imiphakathi yokholo, imiphakathi yomphakathi, namanye amaqembu omphakathi asebenza njengezindawo ezibalulekile zokuxhumana phakathi kukahulumeni nezakhamuzi.

Ngezivumelwano zomphakathi ezihlanganisa umphakathi, izingxenye eziningi zomphakathi − uhulumeni, ibhizinisi, izikole, izakhamuzi, izinhlangano ezingazuzisi, izinhlangano ezisekelwe okholweni kanye nabanye((-) zingasebenza ndawonye ukusingatha izidingo zomphakathi kanye nezifiso, futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingokwezomnotho, ukulondeka, imfundo, izinga lendawo ezungezile noma ezinye izindaba, ukuhola komphakathi kanye nokubambisana komphakathi kungaholela ezixazululweni ezihlala njalo ezimelela izindinganiso nezifiso zomphakathi ngamunye.

Iziphazamiso Zemithombo Yezindaba

Imithombo yezindaba yendawo inendima ebalulekile ekutsheleni abavoti ngezinkinga, nokhetho. I-movementism isiza abavoti ukuba benze izinqumo ngolwazi ngokunikeza ukwaziswa okunenjongo, ukuqapha iqiniso, nokunikeza inkulumo yeningi ngezinselele zomphakathi namakhambi.

Ukuncipha kwemithombo yezindaba yendawo kuye kwabangela igebe elikhulu ekukhokheleni okhethweni okumelwe imiphakathi ikhulume ngezinye izindlela. Ukusekela imithombo yezindaba yendawo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingokwesiko noma imishini, kumelela ukutshala izakhiwo zentando yeningi ezibalulekile.

Izakhamuzi Ngazinye

Ekugcineni, ukuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi okunamandla kuxhomeke ekuzithwaleni icala ngesibopho sabo somshado.

Izindaba zokweshelana komuntu ngamunye, njengoba ziqinisa ukubusa ngentando yeningi futhi zidala umphakathi obonisa izindinganiso nezifiso zezakhamuzi zawo. Uma abantu beqaphela ukuhlanganyela kwabo njengengxenye yomzamo womphakathi oqinile, basengozini kakhulu ukuhlala bethembisene ngisho nalapho bebhekene nezithiyo noma ukudumazeka.

Ukubheka Phambili: Ukwakha Isiko Lokuhlanganyela

Ukwakha imiphakathi lapho ukuthatha isinyathelo sokukhetha kuyinto evamile khona kunokuba kube ukuvota okungadingekile kudinga imizamo eqhubekayo, ehlukahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nakuba kungekho nguquko eyodwa eyoxazulula zonke izinselele, indlela ebanzi yokusingatha imingcele eminingi kanye namasu amaningi angaveza intuthuko enenjongo.

Alukho uhlamvu lwesiliva oluzokwanda ngokushesha nangokuphawulekayo ukuhlanganyela okhethweni bendawo, kodwa ukuxubana kwamasu kanye nendlela ehlukahlukene ebangela ukuhlanganyela nokumelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaba indlela ephumelelayo. Izinhlangano kufanele ziphishekele izindlela eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ziqaphela ukuthi izindlela ezihlukahlukene ziyothinta abantu abahlukahlukene.

Umgomo kufanele ube ukusungula isiko lapho ukuhlanganyela komphakathi kuzwakala kungokwemvelo futhi kufinyeleleka kuwo wonke amalungu omphakathi, kungakhathaliseki isizinda sawo, ingcebo, noma isithembiso esingaphambili. Lokhu kudinga ukususa izithiyo, ukunikeza imfundo nokwaziswa, ukwakha ukuthembela ezinhlanganweni zentando yeningi, nokubonisa ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kuveza imiphumela enenjongo.

Uma kwakhiwa lesi sisekelo sokukholelwa emandleni okuhlanganyela, imiphakathi ingalwela ukuhumusha leyo nkolelo ngokuyenza ibe lula futhi izuzise abantu ukuba bahileleke ezinqubweni zokuzikhethela.

Ukuthatha Isinyathelo: Izinyathelo Ozothatha

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlanganyela kokhetho kumane kuyinyathelo lokuqala. Ukudlulisela ukuthi ukuqonda isenzo kudinga izibopho eziqinile futhi ulandele ngokulandela. Nazi izinyathelo eziqondile ongazithatha ukuze uhileleke ngokwengeziwe ezicini zobuntando beningi zomphakathi wakini:

  • faka imvume yakho yokuvota bese uyivuselela uma kudingekile. Qiniseka ukuba ulwazi lwakho lungolwamanje futhi lunembile ukuze uhlanganyele kukhetho oluzayo.
  • ukuhlola okhetho oluzayo endaweni yakho futhi uphawule izinsuku ezibalulekile ekhalendeni lakho, kuhlanganise nezinsuku zokubhaliswa, izikhathi zokuvota zakuqala, nezinsuku zokhetho.
  • [ iKonsati yokufunda ngabazofunda kanye nomagazini [ phambi kokhetho ngalunye. Beka eceleni isikhathi sokucwaninga ibhodi yakho futhi wenze izinqumo eziqondiswe ulwazi.
  • Wahlanganisa okungenani umhlangano owodwa womphakathi, i-forum, noma ihholo ledolobha ukuze uhileleke ngokuqondile komagazini bendawo kanye nabaholi.
  • Ukwaziswa okungahlanganisayo ngokhetho nabangane, umkhaya, nomakhelwane. Siza abanye baqonde uma okhethwe bekwenzeka nokuthi kungani bebalulekile.
  • ivolunte ngokubhalisa kwevoti noma ukukhipha imizamo ukusiza ukwandisa ukuhlanganyela emphakathini wakini.
  • Hlanganisa izikhulu zakho ezikhethiwe phakathi kokhetho ukuze uhlanganyele imibono yakho ezindabeni ezibalulekile futhi uzenze zibe nesibopho sokulandisa.
  • I-mediam nemithombo yezindaba yendawo enikeza ukuhlanganiswa okusezingeni eliphezulu kukahulumeni wendawo nokhetho.
  • [ Ukuhlangana noma ukusekela izinhlangano zomphakathi usebenzela ezindabeni ozikhathalelayo, ukwakha izinhlangano zomphakathi ezithembisana ngalé kokhetho ngamanye.
  • [[FLT: 0] ukuvumela intsha [ ekuphileni kwakho ukuba ihlakulele imikhuba yokuhlanganyela komphakathi, isiza ekwakheni isizukulwane esilandelayo sezakhamuzi ezithembisene.

Ngasinye salezizenzo sinikela ekwakheni izinqubo zentando yeningi ezinamandla nokubusa okusabela ngokwengeziwe emphakathini wakini.

Isiphetho: Ikhono Lakho, Umphakathi Wakini, Ikusasa Lakho

Ukuthatha isinyathelo sokulawula kumelela elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu atholakalayo kumalungu omphakathi afuna ukuhlela ikusasa lawo.

Izinselele ezibhekene nemiphakathi namuhla cishe kusukela ezinjwayezini zemfundo kuya ezingeni lemfundo, kusukela ekulondekeni komphakathi kuya ekulondolozweni kwendawo ezungezile(-) ukuququzelelwa kwezakhamuzi ezisebenza ndawonye ngezinqubo zentando yeningi. Ukukhetha kunikeza inqubo eyinhloko yemiphakathi ukuba yenze izinqumo ezihlangene ngalezi zinselele futhi ikhethe abaholi abazozisingatha ngokuphumelelayo.

Nakuba kunemingcele yokuhlanganyela, inganqotshwa ngokuzibophezela komuntu ngamunye, ukusekela komphakathi, nezinguquko ezingokwesimiso. Ngokuhlala unolwazi, uhlanganyela ngokungaguquguquki, futhi ukhuthaza abanye ukuba bahlanganyele, unezela ekwakheni isisekelo somphakathi esisekela izinqubo zentando yeningi ezinempilo nentuthuko yomphakathi ephumelelayo.

Ivoti yakho ayibalulekile nje njengevoti eyodwa kodwa njengengxenye yokubonakaliswa kwezindinganiso zomphakathi nezinto eziza kuqala.

Impilo yentando yeningi ixhomeke ekuhlanganyeleni ngenkuthalo kwezakhamuzi ezinolwazi, eziboshelwe. Ngokuthatha iqhaza eliwukhetho ekuphileni kwakho siqu nangokulikhuthaza emphakathini wakini, usiza ekwakheni isisekelo sokubusa okusabelayo, izimiso ezivumelanayo, nezindawo ezichumayo. Izindaba zezwi lakho, ukubaluleka kokuvota kwakho, nokuhlanganyela kwakho kwenza umehluko ekudaleni umphakathi ofuna ukuphila kuwo.

Ukuze uthole imithombo eyengeziwe ekubhaliseni, ulwazi lokhetho, namathuba okuthembisana, vakashelani USA.gov nokhetho lwemininingwane yekhasi [, okunikeza isiqondiso esibanzi kuzo zonke izici zokuhlanganyela kokhetho.