Isingeniso: Ukushintshashintsha Kwengxenye

Ukuvota ngeposi, okuvame ukubhekiselwa kukho njengokuvota okungekho, kuye kwavela njengenye yezinqubo eziphikisana kakhulu zokwandisa ukuthatha i-demokrasi okhethweni lwanamuhla. Kusendleleni yakho elula, ukuvota ngeposi kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziphonse amabhola azo kude ngokuqeda nangokubuyisela ipesenti yeposi ngesimiso seposi noma ibhokisi lokulahla idokisi elilondekile, kunokuba zivele kumuntu endaweni ekhethiwe. Emashumini amabili eminyaka adlule, lendlela iye yavela entweni esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko izisebenzi zezempi, izakhamuzi zaphesheya kwezwe, futhi lezo ezikhubazekile zisebenzisa ithuluzi elikhulu elisetshenziswa izigidi zabavoti abaphesheya kwe-United States kanye nezinye imibuso yentando yeningi.

Ukuvelela okukhulayo kokuvota ngeposi kuye kwabangela ukuphenya okukhulu kwezemfundo ephethe imiphumela yakho ekuvoteni. Ukuthembisa akuhlanganisi nje kuphela ukuthi abantu bavota (babuyela emuva) kodwa nendlela abasebenzelana ngayo nenqubo yokhetho ("bayazi ukuthi bahlola, baxoxa ngezindaba, futhi bazizwe behlangene nesimiso sentando yeningi. Abaxhasi baphikisa ngokuthi ukuvota kunciphisa imingcele yokuthatha inxaxheba, kuyilapho abagxeki bephakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokulondeka, ukwehluleka kwezentengiselwano, nokungalawuleki. Ukuqonda lamandla kudingekile kubenzi bemithetho, abaphethe amakhetho, nezakhamuzi abafuna ukuqinisa izinhlangano zentando yeningi.

Umlando Wemisebe Yeposi

Ukuvota ngeposi akuyona inqubo yamuva nje. Lomkhuba usukela emuva eMpini yomphakathi yaseMelika lapho amasosha ephonsa amavoloti angekho empini. Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elilandelayo, izikhulu zika-1970 zandisa amalungiselelo okuvota. Ngawo-1970, izifundazwe eziningi zavumela noma imuphi umvoti obhaliwe ukuba acele ibhodi elingekho ngaphandle kokuba acele izaba. Nokho, amabutho amaningana aqala ukuguqula ngokuyinhloko izimiso zokuvota ngama-imeyili.

I-Oregon yahola ngo-1998, yaba yisifundazwe sokuqala sokukhetha ngeposi. iWashington yalandela eColorado ngo-2020, futhi ngo-2020, eHawaii nase-Utah. La maphayona alungiselela indawo yokucwaninga yemvelo yokuhlola imiphumela yokuvota ngokuvota uma kufihlwa abavoti.

Ukuphakama Kwezincwadi: Abashayeli Nesilinganiso

Ukwanda kokuvota ngeposi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule kuye kwaqhutshwa izici eziningana ezihlangene. intuthuko yezentengiselwano ekunyatheliseni, ekuthumeleni, nasekulandeleni i-collet ukulandelela i-' yenze inqubo iphumelele futhi ibe sobala. [ Izinguquko ezingokwenani eliphakathi [ ziye zasusa kancane kancane izimfuneko zezaba, zenza ukuvota okungekho kubo bonke abavoti ababhaliwe ezingeni eziningi. abasekeli benguquko yenguquko baye baqokomisa ukukhushulwa kobukwa kwezindawo ngaphansi kwezesayensi phakathi kwamaqembu alaphayo.

Isifo se-COVOID-19 sasebenza njenge-parmander enamandla. Ngo-2020, phakathi kwezinkinga zempilo nemithetho ekhubazekayo yezenhlalo, abangaphezu kwengxenye yabavoti base-U.S. bafaka izincwadi zabo ngeposi, ngokwe-Ecomment Convition Consolation Commission. Amazwe ayeye amelana ngaphambili nokuvota iposi ekutholeni iposi athole amalungiselelo aphuthumayo okuvumela ukutholakala okubanzi. Lesi sikali esingakaze sinikeze abacwaningi ulwazi olucebile .

Izinzuzo Zokuthumela Iposi Ngokuhlanganyela Imali

Ukutholakala Nokusondelana

Ukuvota kususa esinye sesithiyo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlanganyela: imfuneko yokuya endaweni yokuvota phakathi namahora amancane. Kubantu asebekhulile, abakhubazekile, labo abangenazo izinto zokuhamba ezithembekile, kanye abanakekeli abanezimiso eziqinile, ikhono lokuvota ekhaya lingaguqula. Ukuhlola kwe- Ukucwaninga kwe-Paw Research Center kubonisa ukuthi abavoti abakhubazekile baphenduka ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokhetho olungokwesiko lweposi.

Ukuzinza Nokucindezeleka Okuncishisiwe

Abaholi abathola ivoti ekhaya bangayigcwalisa ngejubane labo, abaqondisi abafuna ukuhlolwa kanye namavoloti alula. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhathazeka okuhlangene nokuhamba ngezindawo zokuvota eziminyene, imigqa emide, kanye nemishini edidanisayo. Ukucwaninga kwe I-Ectithi Evolution Data neScience Lab kubonisa ukuthi abavoti kuyo yonke iposi babika ukwaneliseka okukhulu kokuhlangenwe kokuvota uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okusezingenisweni ezisezingeni eliphelele.

Ithuba Lokwenza Isinqumo Esinolwazi

Ukuba nevoti elisesandleni izinsuku noma amasonto kuvumela abavoti ukuba bacwaninge izinhlanga ngazinye neziphakamiso ngaphambi kokuphawula ukukhetha kwabo. Lokhu kungakhuthaza ukuthembisana ngokucabangela ngokwengeziwe nemincintiswano yebhola elinomdlalo, njengezihlalo zebhodi lesikole lendawo noma ukhetho lokwahlulela. Ubufakazi obuvela eColorado busikisela ukuthi abavoti beposi basengozini kakhulu yokuqeda zonke izindondane zabo, kuhlanganise nezinhlanga ezingavelele kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nezivoti.

Izinselele Nokugxeka Ukusakaza Iposi

Ukunganaki Nokudumazeka Kwezinto Ezithandwayo

Ezinye izingqapheli zikhathazekile ngokuthi ukuvota ngeposi kunganciphisa izici zemikhosi nomphakathi zoSuku Lokukhetha, kunganciphisa umuzwa womsebenzi womphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kobuProtheticism kuthola ubufakazi obulula kuphela bokuthi iposi elivotiwe lizizwa lingahlangene kakhulu nenqubo yokuvota, kodwa umphumela ohlukile ngokwenani labantu. Abasha abavoti, ikakhulukazi, bangase baphuthelwe ukusekela kwezenhlalo okuvela ekuvotini kanye nomakhelwane.

Izithiyo Ezinengqondo Nezici Ezivamile

Naphezu kokusizakala, ukuvota ngeposi kungenisa isethi yayo yezinkinga. Amabhola angalahleka ekuthuthweni, eqiniswe ngemisebenzi yeposi, noma enqatshwe ngenxa yokusayinwa kokungahambelani, ukulahleka kwezikhathi ezimisiwe, noma ukwaziswa okungaphelele. Brennan Center for Justice Imibiko yokuthi phakathi nokhetho oluvamile lwama 2020, amabhola angekho alahlwayo alahlwa ezweni lonke (izinga elingaba ngu-1%). Nakuba lelo nani lilincane, limelela amashumi ezinkulungwane ze-divota ezidishiwe. Ukulahla okunjalo kungacindezela wonke futhi kuthinte amaqembu amancane kakhulu.

Izindaba Zokulondeka Nezethembana

Ukukhathazeka ngokukhwabanisa ibhola lombango, nakuba kungavamile ngokwezibalo, kuye kwaba yiphuzu eliyinhloko lokukhuluma enkulumweni yezombangazwe. Izinsolo eziphezulu zokukhwabanisa .(*) ezingagxekwa kakhulu) ziqeda ukuqiniseka komphakathi ekuvotelweni kweposi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pew Research Center kwathola ukuthi ama-72% amaMelika avotelwa ngeposi ayeqiniseka ukuthi ukuvota kwawo kungabalwa, uma kuqhathaniswa no-8% wabangu-pulson. I-layisensi ingaholela abanye ekugwemeni ukuvotelwa ngeposi noma ukungabaza ilungelo lemiphumela, inciphise ukuvunyelwana okukhulu kwesimiso sokhetho.

Ithonya Lomsindo: Lokho Ukucwaninga Okukubonisayo

Umbuzo oyinhloko usala: ingabe ukuvota ngeposi kukhulisa isithembiso sovoti? Impendulo iqondiswe futhi ixhomeke emongweni. Ukuhlolwa kokwaziswa okuvela e-Oregon, Washington, naseColorado : amazwe anezimiso zevoti ezimiyo isikhathi eside ngeposi ("athola ukwanda okuncane kodwa okuphawulekayo kokuya ekuvotelweni, ngokuvamile okusukela ku-2 kuya ku 5% yamaphuzu. Isibonelo, ukuhlaziya ngo 2017 okukhishwe ku- uMthetho wokhetho [[]

Nokho, umphumela awufani kuzo zonke izibalo zabantu. Ukuvota kubonakala kwanda kakhulu ukuthatha i-Mail-in ukuvota phakathi kwabavoti abavamile .Bonke abavota ngezikhathi ezithile kodwa hhayi bonke okhetho. Banomphumela ofiphele kakhulu kulowo mkhuba wokuvota owenziwe ngokusemthethweni, ongase avote kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inqubo injani. Okubalulekile, ukucwaninga [kakhulu, [ku-[FLT:]] ukucwaninga [ku-Revota Rights Lab kubonise ukuthi igebezovota zinganciphisa igebe elinci phakathi komkhondo ophezulu nowokungenayo, nakuba kungawuqedili ngokuphelele. Ingxenye engcono ibonakala isiza ekuzuzeni kwemindeko ephakathi kwemisebenzi, ebeke izinselele njengemisebenzi encishisiwe noma ukukhokha iposi.

Imishini Yemali Neposi Ezintsha

Abavoti abasebasha (abaneminyaka engu-18-29) baye bavota ngokomlando ngamazinga aphansi kunamaqembu amadala. Ukuvota ngeposi kunikeza ithuba lokuhlanganyela kuleliqembu ngokunciphisa ukungezwani kokuvota kwe-opera. Phakathi nokhetho lwango-2020, iCentre for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Civiclement (CIRCILEment) eTufts University iveza ukuthi intsha yaphuma emaqophelweni amarekhodi, ngesilinganiso esibanzi ngokusebenzisa iposi-in boloti. Nokho, ukuhlola kubonisa futhi ukuthi amavota ama-posi amancane alahlwayo enqaba kakhulu ngenxa yokusayinwa kwezincwadi noma ukubuya kweze kamuva, asikisela ukuthi ukuphumelela kwemfundo kuyagxeka.

Izifundo ze-Case: Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hulumeni noMdlalo we-Mail-in

I - Oregon: Iphayona

Isimiso seposi esiphelele se-Oregon, esikhona kusukela ngo 2000, siye sanikeza amashumi amabili eminyaka e-reditudial data. Izwe lihlala liphakathi kwabavoti abaphezulu kakhulu ezweni lonke, ngokuvamile lidlula ku 70% okhethweni lukamongameli uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sezwe sangu 60%. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-Oregon iye yabona futhi ukuhlanganyela ekwandiseni kwenani lokhetho lwasendaweni yakhona nakweleminyaka engaphezulu, lapho kunezingasindo ezivamile. Isimiso sijabulela ukusekela okubanzi kwe-bipartis, kanye noNobhala wehhovisi likaHulumente [[] obika amazinga okwaneliseka angaphezulu kuka-80%.

IColorado: Isibonelo Sokuhlanganyela

IColorado yasebenzisa ukuvota kweposi yonke ngo-2013 futhi kanye kanye yamukela ukubhalisa okufanayo komvoti kanye nokulandelela imishini ye-electronic. Lenhlanganisela iye yaphumelela kakhulu. Ngokwe-Colorado Serdo Serdo of State, kukhetho oluvamile lwa 2020 lwafinyelela ku-8.0.3%, enye yamazinga aphakeme kakhulu ezweni. Umbuso futhi usebenzisa inqubo yokusayinwa okuqinile futhi unikeza abavoti amathuba okungavumelani "ukungavumelani", ukunciphisa amazinga okulahlwa. Okuhlangenwe nakho kukaColorado kubonisa ukuthi ukuvota kweposi, uma kuhlangene nesisekelo esiqinile, kungaveza ukuthembisa okukhulu ngaphandle kokuhlehla kobuqotho.

ECalifornia 2020: Ukuthola Ithuba Elengeziwe Phakathi Nezinkinga

Ekusabeleni kulolubhadane, iCalifornia yathumela amaposi kunoma ubani ovota ababhalisiweyo kukhetho lukaNovember 2020. I-Turmout yagadla yabangu-8,8% yabavoti abafanelekayo (8,8,8%) esifundazweni kusukela ngo-1959. Ukuhlolwa kwe-University of California kwathola ukuthi ukwanda kwaphawulwa kakhulu phakathi kwabavoti bemibala kanye nabavoti abasebasha. Nokho, iCalifornia nayo yathola amazinga aphakeme okulahlwa kwebhola ezibalweni ezithile, aqokomisa ukuphikelela kokungena ezinkonzweni zeposi kanye nesidingo sokuthatha i-bolotte-travot nokwelapha izinqubo.

Indima Ye - covid - 19 Pandemic Ekutholeni Umntwana Osheshayo

Lolu bhadane lwasebenza njengocwaningo lokuvota ngeposi ngesilinganiso esingakaze sibonwe ngaphambili. Ngo-2020, amabhola angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-65 afakwa ngeposi ezweni lonke-(kabili inani lango-2016). Izifundazwe eziningi zamukela amalungiselelo aphuthumayo, futhi abavoti bavumelana ngokushesha. Ukuhlola okwenziwa yiPew Research Center kwabonisa ukuthi 70% yabavoti beposi bathi bangaba nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa indlela kukhetho lwesikhathi esizayo, ngisho nangaphandle kobhadane. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ukwanda kokuvota ngeposi kungaveza izinguquko ezihlala njalo ekuziphatheni kovoti.

Kodwa futhi umqedazwe wadalula ukuhlasela. Ukubambezeleka kwenkonzo yangemva kwenkonzo, amahhovisi okhetho aphansi, neziqondiso zikahulumeni ezingaguquguquki zaholela ekudidekeni, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukudideka. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwagcizelela ukubaluleka kokutshala imali ebaphathini bokhetho, kuhlanganise nokulahla amabhokisi alondekile, ukuqeqesha izisebenzi eziqinile, nemikhankaso yezemfundo yomphakathi. Ngaphandle kokutshala izimali, isithembiso sokuvota iposi singafezeka ngokwengxenye.

Ikusasa Lokusakaza Iposi: Imiqondo Nomthetho

Isu lokuvota iposi lizoxhomeka ezicini eziningana ezinamandla. Intuthuko ethatha indawo noma isilinganiso sombuso nohulumeni inzima. Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zashukumiseleka ukuba zingamukeli unomphela ukuvota okungekho noma ukhetho lweposi lwendawo yonke, kuyilapho ezinye ziye zabeka imingcele emisha, njengokufuna ukuhlukanisa noma ukubeka imingcele elinganiselwe yokufinyelela. Umsebenzi wemithetho udala ukufinyelela okungalinganiyo ezweni lonke.

[ Izinqubo zezentengiselwano zinikeza kokubili amathuba nezingozi. Izimiso ezithuthukisiwe zokulandelela ibhola, izikhungo zesicelo se-inthanethi, nokusayinwa kwe-electal kuqinisekisa ukulondeka nokwethembana. Nokho, izixazululo zemishini ezingasetshenziswanga kahle zingaletha izinkathazo zemfihlo noma ukuhluleka kobuchwepheshe. Ukuvota okusekelwe kuvame ukuhlongozwa, kuhlala kungenakuqinisekiswa ngokwesilinganiso futhi kuphakamisa indlela yayo yokuphepha nemibuzo yokuthola ulwazi.

i-Public iyakubumba ukutholwa komntwana isikhathi eside. Imizamo yokususa iposi ngokuvota .Kungaba ngezindaba zokukhwabanisa ezingenasisekelo noma izindaba ezishukunyiswe kakhulu zamaphutha ahlukene . kungaqeda ukwethembana. Ngokuphambene, imisebenzi esobala, ukuphatha kokhetho nge-bipartis, nemfundo engaguquki yevoti ingakha ukuqiniseka. Izinhlangano ezinjenge- Ingqungquthela yesizwe ye-Legislatures[ inikeza isiqondiso sezenzwe ezingcono ezihambelanayo ezihambisana nokuphumelela ekulondekeni.

Isiphetho: Ukulinganisela Ukutholakala Nobuqotho

Ukuvota iposi kuye kwabonakala kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokuqinisekisa ukuthembisana ngokuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamaqembu abhekene nesithiyo sokuhlanganyela. Ubufakazi obuvela ezizweni eziningi bubonisa ukuthi uma busetshenziswa ngokunakekela / kuhlanganisa nokusayinwa kwe-compootic, ukulandelela, nokuvota imfundo yamavota (i-mail-vota ingenza ukushintshwa ngokuzolileyo kuyilapho ilondoloza amazinga aphezulu okuthembana nokulondeka. Nokho, ukuvota ngeposi akuyona i-pancacape. Akwazi ukuqeda ngokuzenzakalela ukulahla izinselele zokulahla, futhi kungaveza izinselele ezintsha ezinjengokwaliwa kwe-bolobolotte, ukuntwa, ukunqikaza kweposi, nokuvota.

Ikusasa lokuvota ngeposi liyodinga ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo, ukuklama izimiso ezicatshangelwe, kanye nokuzinikela kukho kokubili ukutholakala kanye nobuqotho. Njengoba i-votorate ihlukahluka kakhulu futhi imfuno esimisweni sokukhetha ikhula, ukuqonda imiphumela eguquguqukayo yokuvota ngeposi kuyoba okubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi idemokrasi ihlala inamandla, iqinile, futhi iqinile.