Amalungelo omthetho-mthetho nomphakathi womphakathi akuwona amasu ahlukene, kodwa anamandla ancike kakhulu athonya ukuphila kwentando yeningi. Uma isivikelo somthetho-sisekelo siqinile, umphakathi wakhona; uma umphakathi womphakathi unamandla, uphenyela ukuphila emalungelweni angaqondakali. Kubafundisi, abafundi, nezakhamuzi ngokufanayo, ukuqonda lobubuhlobo kubalulekile ekulweni − futhi kuthuthukisa izimiso zezombangazwe kanye nezenhlalo esiphila kuzo. Lesi sihloko sihlola imidlalo ephakathi kwamalungelo omthetho-sisekelo nomphakathi, sihlola indlela ngamunye asekela ngayo amanye amalungelo, lapho kuphakama khona izingxabano, nokuthi yini engenziwa ukuze kuqiniseke kokubili izinselele zanamuhla.

Ukuqonda Amalungelo Omthetho - sisekelo

Amalungelo omthetho-mthetho amalungelo nesivikelo esinikezwa ngokucacile, okushiwo ngokuqondiswe ngokusemthethweni kwezwe. Lamalungelo ahloselwe ukuvikela abantu ekuphathweni uhulumeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa kahle ngaphansi komthetho, futhi avumela ukuba kungenelwe ekuphileni komphakathi.

Umsuka Nokuziphendukela Kwemvelo

Umqondo wamalungelo omthetho - sisekelo wavela emakhulwini eminyaka empi yezombangazwe. Izenzakalo zokuqala zihlanganisa iMagna Carta (1215) neSigqi Samalungelo (1689), kodwa ukwakheka kwanamuhla kuhlanganiswe kakhulu eMthethweni-sisekelo weUnited States kanye neSipho sawo samalungelo (1791) kanye neSimemezelo saseFrance samaLungelo omuntu neSizwe (ngonyaka ka-1789). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amalungelo omthetho - sisekelo aye anda ahlanganisa hhayi nje inkululeko ephambene (inkululeko yokuphazamisa) kodwa nezibopho eziwusizo (njengelungelo lemfundo noma inzuzo yempilo, ekhona emithethweni eminingi emisha).

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyaqhubeka namuhla ngencazelo yokwahlulela, ukulungisa komthetho-sisekelo, nezivumelwano zamalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke. Ngokwesibonelo, U.S.Constitution Ancated inikeza umbhalo ophilayo wendlela izinkantolo eziye zawachaza ngayo amalungelo njengezindaba zomuntu siqu noma inkulumo ekhululekile esabela ekushintsheni kwezobuchwepheshe nezenhlalo.

Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko Zamalungelo Omthetho - sisekelo

Nakuba imithetho - sisekelo ihlukahluka, eminingi ihlanganisa ezinye zezigaba ezilandelayo:

  • nikeza inkululeko [ – Inkululeko yokukhuluma, ukunyathelisa, inkolo, umhlangano, nesicelo. Lamalungelo avumela abantu ukuba babonise ukungavumelani futhi bahlele iqoqo.
  • Amalungelo angokwesiko - kwesokudla ekuqulweni komthetho, inqubo efanele, isivikelo ekuzikhetheleni, nase-habeas corpus. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi isimiso somthetho siphatha abantu ngabanye ngokulunga.
  • Amalungelo angokwezentengiselwano - Ilungelo lokuvota, ukugijimela isikhundla, nokuthatha igalelo ekubuseni. Lokhu kwenza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukuhlela uhulumeni wazo ngokuqondile.
  • Amalungelo okulingana - Isivikelo esilinganayo ngaphansi komthetho, ukungaphikisi, futhi, kwezinye imithetho-mthetho-sisekelo, yenqabela imisebenzi yokusingatha ukungalingani komlando.
  • Amalungelo angokwezomnotho [ – amalungelo okuhlala, ezokwelapha, ezemfundo, kanye nendawo ezungezile enempilo, ikakhulukazi emithethweni emincane njengaleyo ye-South Africa (1996) noma eNdiya (1950).

Imishini Ephoqelelwayo

Amalungelo abaluleke kakhulu uma esetshenziswa. Izimiso eziningi zomthetho-sisekelo zinikeza izinqubo ezinjengokubukeza kokwahlulela (izinkantolo eziphula imithetho ephula amalungelo), izinkantolo zomthetho-mthetho-mthetho noma izinkantolo, amahhovisi azimele, kanye nokuthunywa kwamalungelo abantu. Izinhlangano zomphakathi ngokuvamile zifeza indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lezizinqubo ngokususa isithakazelo somphakathi noma ngokukhuthaza izinguquko zemithetho.

Indima Yomphakathi Wasemphakathini

Umphakathi ubhekisela esimweni somphakathi ohleliwe okhona phakathi komuntu nombuso. Uhlanganisa izinhlangano (NGOS), amaqembu omphakathi, izinyunyana, ukuhlangana kochwepheshe, izinhlangano ezisekelwe ekukholweni, izinqola zokucabanga, nezinhlangano zezezenhlalo. Ngokungafani nezentengiselwano (ezezenhlo) noma uhulumeni (isimo somphakathi), umphakathi uqhutshwa yizindinganiso ezihlanganyelwe, ubunye, kanye nabantu abahle.

Ukuchaza Umphakathi Wangaphakathi

Igama elithi "umphakathi we-civil" linomsuka wasendulo, oqonda emuva ku-Aristotle u-koinōnia politikē [umphakathi wezombangazwe]. Kusayensi yezombangazwe yanamuhla, lichaza inkambiso lapho izakhamuzi zihlanganyela khona ngokuzithandela ukuze ziphishekele izithakazelo ezifanayo. Umphakathi ophilile ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengophawu lwentando yeningi echumayo ngoba unikeza iziteshi zokuhlanganyela ezizimele ekulawuleni kwezwe.

Njengoba amabhukwana eCIVICUS [, isimo somphakathi sihluka kakhulu emhlabeni wonke(kusukela emandleni aqinile navikelekile kuya ekucindezelekeni okukhulu). Emazweni lapho indawo yomphakathi ivulekile khona, izinhlangano zomphakathi zithonya njalo, ziqondisa izenzo zikahulumeni, futhi zifundise umphakathi.

Imisebenzi yezinhlangano zeNhlangano yomphakathi

Izinhlangano zomphakathi (CSOs) zenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile esekela ngokuqondile amalungelo omthetho - sisekelo:

  • Ithonya lezenkambiso kanye nenkambiso [ - CSOs umnyango wemithetho emisha, izinguquko, noma izinguquko zokuphatha ezinweba noma zivikele amalungelo. Ngokwesibonelo, indawo ezungezile ikhuthaza ukuqaphela umthetho-mthethweni ilungelo lokumela endaweni ezungezile enempilo.
  • Usizo lwezentengiselwano kanye ne-atricial - Izinhlangano ezinjenge-American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) noma i-Legal Resources Centre yaseNingizimu Afrika isebenzisa i-litation ukuze ivikele abantu abanamalungelo aphulweyo nokumisa izenzakalo ezingokomthetho.
  • Imfundo eyimfihlo nokuqaphela [ - CSOs kuphethe imikhankaso, kukhiqize izimpahla zakho ezikwaziyo, futhi kuhlele amashabhu. Lokhu kunika izakhamuzi amandla okuthatha amalungelo azo futhi zimelane nokuxhashazwa.
  • Ukuthatha i-Monitong kanye nokulandisa [ - Amaqembu agade uhulumeni alandela indlela asebenza ngayo ezibophweni zamalungelo, imibiko, futhi asebenzise imithombo yezindaba ukudalula ukuphulwa. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Transparency International ilwela ukuvikela ilungelo lokwaziswa.
  • Ukuvala nokuhlanganisa izenzo – kusukela kumashayelo kuya ekunxuseni ukuya ekusebenziseni izinombolo, iCSOs yenza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukukhuluma ngezwi elihlangene. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma amalungelo abantu esongelwa.

Izinhlobo Zezinhlangano Zomphakathi

Akubona bonke abantu abafanayo, kodwa ubukhulu babo, ubukhulu babo, nokugxila kwabo kuyehluka:

  • Izinhlangano ze-Grassroot [ - Izindawo, ngokuvamile amaqembu okuzithandela asebenza ngezindaba zomphakathi eziqondene (umz., inhlangano yomphakathi elwela amanzi ahlanzekile).
  • Imisebenzi engazuzi nzuzo [ - Izinhlangano ezikhokhelwayo ezinolwazi ezindaweni ezinjengomthetho, imithombo yezindaba, noma impilo. Izibonelo zihlanganisa amalungelo obuntu Watch noma i-Amnesty International.
  • Izinyunyana namanhlangano ezisebenzi - ngokomlando abavikeli ababalulekile bamalungelo omthetho-sisekelo wezisebenzi ukuze bahlele futhi bathengise.
  • Izinhlangano ezisekelwe kukholo - Amaqembu enkolo avame ukunikeza izinkonzo zomphakathi nokusekela ubulungisa, kuhlanganise namalungelo abantu.
  • Izinhlangano ezihlanganisayo - Impompostr, ngokuvamile imifelandawonye esekelwe kumagazini engase ingabi nezakhiwo ezingokomthetho kodwa iqoqe inani elikhulu labantu (umz., #I-BlackLives Matter noma uLwesihlanu lwesikhathi esizayo).

Ukuhlangana: Ukuqinisana

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwamalungelo omthetho - sisekelo nomphakathi buwukungalawuleki. amalungelo anikeza uhlelo olungokomthetho oluvumelayo noluvikela umphakathi; umphakathi womphakathi unikeza ukuphila nenjongo emalungelweni.

Indlela Umphakathi Ovamile Ovikela Futhi Wandise Ngayo Amalungelo

Umphakathi usebenza njengomlondolozi wamalungelo omthetho - sisekelo ngezindlela eziningana:

  • Izimiso ezixwayisayo zokuqala [ - CSOs ngokuvamile ziyiziqalo zokubona ukugqekeza kukahulumeni noma ukungenela kwemithetho esemthethweni emalungelweni. Zixwayisa umphakathi nomphakathi womhlaba wonke.
  • I-stigation - ngokuletha amacala okuhlola, i-CSOs ingancengela izinkantolo ukuba zichaze amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo kabanzi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-NGO i-Union of Civil Libertéries isiza ekumiseni ilungelo lokudla njengengxenye yelungelo lokuphila ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 21 soMthetho-sisekelo waseNdiya.
  • u-Norm ukubhalisa i- - Imikhankaso yomphakathi ingaguqula umbono womphakathi futhi ibangele ukucindezela kwezombangazwe okuholela ekuguqulweni komthetho-sisekelo noma imithetho emisha. Umzabalazo wokushada okungaxubile, okwaphumela ezinqumweni zengqoko-mqokohlo zeNkantolo ePhakeme neNkantolo yoMthetho-sisekelo yaseNingizimu Afrika, kuyisibonelo esiyinhloko.
  • Ilungiselelo lokunikeza [ - Uma umbuso uhluleka ukuphoqelela amalungelo (isib., phakathi nenhlekelele yokusiza umphakathi), iCSOs ingena ukuze inikeze usizo olungokomthetho, indawo yokuhlala, noma ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kanjalo yenza amalungelo abe angempela kubantu abasengozini.

Amalungelo Njengesisekelo Somphakathi

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo enza umphakathi ube khona futhi usebenze. Ngaphandle kwenkululeko yokuhlangana, ukuhlangana, nokuveza, ngisho nezakhamuzi ezizimisele kakhulu azinakwakha izinhlangano, imihlangano, noma zikhulumela phezulu. Amalungelo anikeza ulimi lwe-critique", uma izakhamuzi zithi "lokhu kuphula amalungelo ami omthetho-sisekelo," zicela indinganiso engokomthetho ebeka icala lombuso.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqoqo eliqinile lamalungelo emvelo (njengenqubo efanele) livikela iCSOs ekuvinjelweni noma ekuhlukunyezweni uhulumeni ozimele. Izinkantolo ezizimele eziphoqelele lamalungelo ziqinisekisa ukuthi abadlali bomphakathi bangasebenza ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphindisela, uma nje behambisana nomthetho.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo: Ukusebenzelana Kwemidlalo Ehambisanayo

Inhlangano yamalungelo omphakathi yase-US (1950s-1960)

I-Civil Rights Movement iwumfanekiso ovelele womphakathi obangela ushintsho lomthetho-sisekelo. Imiphakathi yaseMelika, amasonto, nezinhlangano ezinjengeNAACP zasebenzisa ukuvukela okungenabudlova, izinselele zomthetho, kanye nezikhungo zotshani ukuze zifune ukuphoqelelwa kwezimiso zomthetho ngaphansi kweSiphendulo se 14 neseshumi nanhlanu. Lenhlangano yayibhekene nokucinezelwa okukhulu − iziphathimandla zesifunda zezwe zaphula amalungelo engqungqungquthela nenkulumo.[1] Kodwa ekugcineni zathola i-Civil Rights Act (1964) kanye ne-Voiting Rights Act (1965). Le mpumelelo ngokwayo yayiwumthetho womthetho wemvelo, futhi yayingeke yenzeke ngaphandle kokucindezela komphakathi okuqhubekayo.

Inhlangano Emelene Nezikhungo Eziyingozi ENingizimu Afrika

ENingizimu Afrika, izinhlangano zomphakathi − kuhlanganise ne-African National Congress (ANC), izinyunyana zezentengiselwano, amaqembu enkolo, kanye nezinhlangano zobumbano lwezizwe ngezizwe − zalwa nokuncishwa kombuso wobandlululo ngokuhlelelwa kwamalungelo omthetho-sisekelo kubantu abaningi. Lenhlangano ihlanganisa ukubhikisha kwasekhaya, izinselele zomthetho, nezijeziso zomhlaba wonke. Umphumela waba ukuguqukela ekubusweni kwentando yeningini kanye nokuthathwa koMthetho-sisekelo omusha (19966) okwahlanganisa iBill of Rights, kuhlanganise namalungelo ezomnotho. Namuhla, umphakathi waseNingizimu Afrika uyaqhubeka usebenzisa lamathuluzi omthetho wesizwe ukulwa nokungalingani komthetho womthetho womthetho.

Ukuthatha Inqubo Ngenkathi Yokusafufusa Kwama - Arabhu Nezinombolo

I-Arabian Spring Ukuvukela (2010-2012) yabonisa kokubili amandla nokungalawuleki komphakathi womphakathi ezindaweni ezibushiqela lapho kwakukhona khona amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo ephepha kodwa aphulwa khona njalo. Izakhamuzi zasebenzisa imithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo nokuphikisa kwemigwaqo ukufuna ukukhulumela ngenkululeko, ingqungqungquthela, nohulumeni onecala. ETunisia, izinhlangano zomphakathi njengomthetho we Tunisian General Labour Union (UGTT) kanye ne-National Dialogue Quartett zadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondiseni izwe ngokomthetho omusha (ngonyaka ka-2010 ohlanganisa amalungelo anwebekiwe. Kwezinye izimo ezinjengeGibithe, umphakathi wabhekana nokudlondlozwa kobudlova nemithetho yesizwe waphinde wabhalwa phansi ukuze ugcizelele amandla. Lokhu kugcizelela ukuthi ukudlala phakathi kwelungelo lomphakathi nomphakathi akudingi ukuzinzelwa.)

LGBTQ+ Inhlangano Yamalungelo Embulungeni Yonke

Inhlangano yembulunga yonke ye-LGBTQ+ amalungelo inikeza isibonelo samanje sokuqhubekela phambili kwezimiso zomphakathi zomthetho-sisekelo. I-NGOS, amaqembu ashisekela ukushisekela, kanye nezimiso zokulawula i-advocation ziye zabangela ukususwa kwemithetho efanayo yokuziphatha kobulili, ukulingana komshado, nokumelana nokuhlukana kwemithetho. Ukubusa kwezindawo ngezinkantolo zomthetho-mthetho emazweni anjengeColombia, iNdiya ([[FLG:0]]] Navtej Singharvvv v. Union of India, 2018], neTaiwan (2017) zathonywa ngokuqondile umphakathi ngokumelene nokulwa nomkhankaso. Lokhu, kuye kwaqinisa umphakathi ngokuveza indawo ezungezile lapho i-LBT+ Izinhlangano zisebenza khona ngokuphepha.

Izinselele Zesikhathi Esizayo Kumalungelo Omthetho - sisekelo Nomphakathi Wangaphakathi

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwalemidlalo, kokubili amalungelo omthetho - sisekelo nomphakathi wezakhamuzi kubhekene nezinsongo ezingathi sína namuhla.

Ukucindezelwa Uhulumeni Nemingcele Engokomthetho

Emazweni amaningi, ohulumeni basebenzisa imithetho ukuze bavimbele umphakathi ngaphansi kwesithiwa ukhuseleko lwesizwe, ukuhleleka komphakathi, noma ukubhaliswa kweminye imishini. Imibiko yeHuman Rights Watch eyandayo yendawo yomphakathi emhlabeni wonke: i-CSOs idingeka ukuba ibhalise, ibhekane nezimfuneko ezinzima zokubika, noma inqatshelwe ukuba ithole imali esekelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ezimweni ezidlulele, abashisekeli bayaboshwa, bahlukunyezwe, noma babulawe. Ukucindezelwa okunjalo kuwe ngokweqikelele kumalungelo omthetho ukuze kuhlangane futhi kukhulunywe, kululaza inqubo evikela amalungelo.

Ukungaqondi Nokushintsha Inqubo

Imikhankaso yokungavumelani kwemithetho-ndaba iqeda ukwethemba umphakathi kokubili ezinhlanganweni zomthetho-sisekelo nasemphakathini. Uma izakhamuzi zingavumelani ngamaqiniso ayisisekelo, kuba nzima ngo-CSOs ukwakha ukuvumelana kwesimiso esisekelwe emalungelweni. Ukuqamba futhi kuholela ekubekeni imithetho elawulayo, kukwenze kube nzima ukumisa imithetho evikela amalungelo noma ukugcinwa kwezimali. Imithetho yezenhlala-zwe ingabangela amazwi anamandla, akhuthaza amaqembu enzondo (okuthi futhi avikela umthetho ngokomthetho ngenkulumo yawo) futhi ikwenza kube nzima ukuvala izimpawu zomphakathi ezilinganiselwe.

Izithiyo Ezingokomnotho

Amalungelo omthetho awusho lutho uma abantu bentula imithombo yokuzisebenzisa. Ubumpofu, ukungafundi, ukungathola usizo olungokomthetho, nokuhlukana kwezimiso zemishini kuvimbela izakhamuzi eziningi ukuba zihlanganyele emphakathini womphakathi noma ziqinisekise amalungelo azo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungalingani kwezomnotho ngokuvamile kuguqula amandla ezombangazwe angalingani, njengoba abanikela ngezimali nezinkampani ezicebile besebenzisa ithonya eligunyazweyo phezu kwesimiso nomthetho. Lokhu kululaza isimiso sokuthi zonke izakhamuzi zinokuma okulinganayo ngaphansi komthetho-mthetho-sisekelo.

Ukunciphisa Izindawo Ezinemisebe

Ngokwe-CIVICUS Monitor, abantu abangaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha% emhlabeni manje bahlala emazweni lapho indawo yomphakathi i "cindezelwa," "ifundiswa," noma "i-crative"" lokhu kuthambekela akulinganiselwe kuhulumeni wobuphoqelelo; ngisho nokumiswa kwemibuso ezimele kuye kwabona imizamo yokulinganisela amalungelo, ukunqanda ukuxhaswa kwe-NGO, noma ukuhlelwa kwezinkantolo. Uma indawo incipha, umphakathi wesizwe awunakuwavikela ngokuphumelelayo amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo, kwakha ukuwohloka.

Ukuqinisa Imidlalo Yokungenela Intando Yeningi Engalawuleki

Ukuze kushintshwe lokhu, kudingeka indlela ehlukahlukene yokulungisa isimo, — ehilela othisha, izakhamuzi, abakhi bemithetho, nabaholi bomphakathi.

Imfundo Yesibalo

Izakhamuzi ezifundelwe kahle ziwuhlu lokuqala lokuvikela amalungelo omthetho-sisekelo. Izikole akumelwe zifundise nje kuphela okuqukethwe okungacacisi kodwa futhi namakhono asebenzayo afana nendlela yokubhala isikhalo, ukuhlela, noma ukuxhumana nezikhulu ezikhethiwe. Izinhlelo ezinjenge iziBalumo [ ithekhi eUnited States inikeza imithombo ekhululekile efaka abafundi ezimisweni zentando yeningi. Izindlela ezifanayo kufanele zandiswe emhlabeni wonke, ngokuhlanganiswa kwemithetho yendawo.

Ukuvikelwa Okungokomthetho Komphakathi Wangaphakathi

Ohulumeni kufanele bamise futhi babophe imithetho evumela umphakathi ukuba ube nendawo enhle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa inkululeko yokuhlangana ngaphandle kokubhalisa okunzima, ukuvikela ilungelo lokubhikisha, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amaCSO angathola izimali zasekhaya nezezizwe zonke ngaphandle kokuhlazeka. Izikhulu zomthetho ozimele kumelwe zinikwe amandla okuqeda imithetho evimbela ngokungafanele indawo yomphakathi, ngokuvumelana neziqinisekiso zomthetho-sisekelo.

Ubuchwepheshe Nezimpande Zomthofu

Amathuluzi emishini angandisa ikhono lomphakathi lokuvikela amalungelo omphakathi qha kodwa kumelwe asetshenziswe ngokusemthethweni nangokulondekile. Izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezinama-imfaduko, iziteshi eziminyene, futhi izingosi ze-inthanethi zokucela zivumela ukuqoqwa ngokushesha. Nokho, i-CSOs kumelwe ifundise amalungu amanani okuzongawanqanda ukuqashwa nokugawulwa. Izindlela zokwaziswa ezingasiza ekuqapheleni ukugcinwa kukahulumeni ngezibopho zamalungelo. Ubuchwepheshe yinkemba ebekwe kabili; ukusetshenziswa kwayo kudinga kokubili ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe kanye neziqondiso zezimiso zokuziphatha.

Ukuqiniseka Nokulandisa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Lapho indawo yomphakathi ivalwa, izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zibalulekile. Izinhlangano zamalungelo abantu njenge-Amnesty International, i-International Commission of Jurist, ne-Ofesi ye-UN yeKhomishane Ephakeme yamaLungelo Omphakathi inikeza ukugunyazwa, ukugadwa, nokucindezelwa. Amabhukwana eSivumelwano (isibonelo, iKomiti yamaHulumeni Yamalungelo Abantu) ayakwamukela izikhalo futhi akhiphe imiphumela ehlazisa ohulumeni abacindezelayo. Abanikela ngenkululeko yesizwe kufanele bafake isikhalazo sokuhlonipha inkululeko yomphakathi, kuyilapho futhi besekela iCSOs eziqenjini ezisengozini.

Isiphetho

Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungelo omthetho-sisekelo nomphakathi womphakathi kuyinqubo eqhubekayo. Amalungelo awancikile ekuzibulaleni ngowakho, kuxhomeke ezakhamuzini ezihleliwe ukuba ziwachaze, ziwachaze, futhi ziwavikele. Futhi umphakathi, uxhomeke ekuvikelweni okungokomthetho-sisekelo ukuba ube khona futhi usebenze. Uma kokubili kuchuma, ukubusa ngentando yeningi: ukuphikisa kuyabekezelelwa, ukuvikeleka, futhi amandla kahulumeni ayahlolwa. Uma kululaza, sonke isimiso sisengozini.

Kubafundisi nabafundi, lokhu kuqonda akuyona nje imfundo, kudinga ukuthembisana ngokuzikhandla: ukufunda izimiso zomthetho-sisekelo, ukusekela i-CSOs, nokuhlanganyela enqubweni yentando yeningi. Ikusasa lamalungelo nomphakathi lisezandleni zalabo abaqonda ukuthi basekelana (-) futhi abathatha isinyathelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi bobabili bahlala beqinile ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.