Ukuqonda Izinga Lezinkonzo Zendawo: Idolobha.

Kubantu abahlala khona abazama ukubheka izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezinkonzo zomphakathi, ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweminikelo yamadolobha ephezulu neyombuso kungadida. Nakuba womabili amazinga kahulumeni efuna ukukhonza umphakathi, izinto eziza kuqala, izinqubo zokuxhasa izimali, namakali asebenzayo ehluka kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlola okukhulisiwe kunciphisa izindawo eziyinhloko zenkonzo − kusukela emfundweni nasemkhakheni wezempilo ukuze uqondise izinkonzo zomphakathi, ukuvikela umphakathi, impatho, ipaki, kanye nemisebenzi yezenhlalo (*) ukukusiza ukuba uqonde kahle ukuthi idolobha lakho liphetheni ngaphansi kwegunya likahulumeni. Ngokuqaphela lokhu kwahlukanisa, ungenza izinqumo ezingcono, ummeli wezeluleko lwezentengiselwano yezentengo yomphakathi, futhi uqonde ukuthi kuphi lapho izinkonzo zenkonzo zihamba kafushane.

Izinkonzo zendawo ziwumgogodla wokuphila kwansuku zonke. Zinquma izinga lemigwaqo ohamba ngayo, izikole izingane zakho eziya kuzo, isikhathi sokusabela kwamaqembu aphuthumayo, ngisho nokuhlanzeka kwamanzi akho okuphuza. Nokho abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi zonke izinkonzo ezinjalo zivela emthonjeni owodwa. Eqinisweni, ukubekwa kwemithwalo yemfanelo phakathi kwamadolobha nezifunda kubangelwa umthetho ongokomlando, imithetho-mthetho kahulumeni, kanye nezingxoxo zezimali eziqhubekayo. Ukuqonda le ngxenye kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuba ube isakhamuzi esithembiswe ukuthembisana.

Izinkonzo Zemfundo: Kusukela Ekilasini Kuya ECampus

Imfundo ingenye yezimali ezithengiselwa umphakathi kakhulu kokubili emazingeni edolobha nawasesifundazweni, kodwa indima ngayinye ihluke kakhulu. Idolobha ngokuvamile lilawula imisebenzi yesikole somphakathi ngosuku lwenyanga zonke ngebhodi lesikole esikhethiwe, kuyilapho uhulumeni emisa izindinganiso zezimiso ezibanzi, ukunikezela, nokuqondisa izimiso zemfundo eziphezulu. Lokhu kuvame ukubangela ukungezwani phakathi kwemithetho yokuzimela komuntu neyombuso, ikakhulukazi uma ifika ekuhleleni, ekuhlolweni, nasekudluliseni izinhlelo zemali.

Izinkonzo zemfundo ezisedolobheni

Iminyango yezemfundo yasedolobheni kanye nezifunda zesikole zendawo zinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqondisa ngokuqondile izikole zomphakathi ze K-12 ezisemingceleni yazo. Izinkonzo zihlanganisa:

  • Ukucasha nokuphathwa kothisha, othisha - nhloko, nezisebenzi zokusekela
  • Ukulondoloza izakhiwo zesikole nezakhiwo
  • Ukuthuthukisa izifundo zendawo ezingase zithakazelise izindinganiso zikahulumeni
  • Izinhlelo zesikole, amakilasi emfundo abantu abadala, nezikhungo zokufundisa umphakathi
  • Izikole zomthetho - sisekelo ezigunyazwa idolobha noma isifunda
  • Ukulungiselela izinto zokuhamba zabafundi esifundeni
  • Ukunikeza izinkonzo ezikhethekile zemfundo nesiNgisi njengezinhlelo zolimi lwesibili

Imfundo yedolobha ithathelwa phambili kakhulu ekutholeni inani labantu bendawo kanye nezimo zezomnotho. Indawo egcwele emadolobheni ingamisa izikole zika-STEM kanye nezinhlelo zezilimi eziningi, kuyilapho idolobhana lingase ligxile ekuqeqesheni umsebenzi nasebuhlotsheni bomphakathi emakholijini. Nokho, lokhu kulawula kwendawo kungaholela ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kwezindawo ezicebile nezinemali eziphansi, njengoba izintela zempahla ngokuvamile zixhasa ingxenye enkulu yezikole zamadolobha. Ngokwe- Ukuhlola kweSonto lokuxhasa izimali zesikole , lokhu kungaqhubeka naphezu kwemizamo elinganayo kahulumeni.

Izinkonzo zemfundo yebanga likahulumeni

Indima kahulumeni wezwe emfundweni ibanzi futhi iyalawula. Ihlanganisa:

  • Ukubeka izindinganiso zemfundo ezisemkhakheni wonke kanye nezimfuneko zokuthweswa iziqu
  • Ukusebenzisa izimiso ezivamile zokuhlola nokulandisa
  • Ukusakaza usizo lukahulumeni ezifundeni zendawo ngezindlela ezisekelwe ekubhaliseni nasekudingeni
  • Ukuqondisa izimiso zamayunivesithi kahulumeni, amabhodi ezindawo zamakolishi, nezinhlangano zokucwaninga zomphakathi
  • Ukuphaka amasimu Nokuqamba Abafundisi
  • Ukumisa izimiso zokuphepha kwesikole, imininingwane eyimfihlo, kanye nezifundo

Iminyango yemfundo kahulumeni ivame ukusebenza njengendlela yokuhlola ukwenza izinqumo zendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, ingangenela ezifundeni ezilwayo, ifune amaholo aphansi othisha, noma ifune imfundo ethile yempilo. Nakuba lokhu kungaqinisekisa izinga eliqinile kuzwe lonke, kungavimbela futhi ukusungula uma izifunda zendawo zizizwa zicindezelwa yimithetho elinganayo.

Ukungezwani phakathi kwemfundo yendawo nezwe kubonakala kakhulu ezimpikiswaneni eziphathelene nokuxhasa isikole. Izifunda eziningi zisebenzisa "indlela yokusungula" ukunikezela imali ezifundeni, kodwa ukumangalelana okungavumelani namacala kuvamile. Ingqungquthela yesizwe yeSizwe yeSizwe yeLegislatures[ ilandela lezindlela zokuxhasa imali futhi ibonisa indlela amasiko ahluke ngayo ngokuphawulekayo endleleni afinyelela ngayo ekusekeleni izikole zamadolobha.

Izinkonzo Zokwelapha: Ukutholakala, Ukuvinjelwa, Nokunakekelwa Okuphuthumayo

Ukunikezwa kwempilo e-United States kuyisici esixubile sezinhlangano zomphakathi, zomuntu siqu nezingazuzi nzuzo. Ohulumeni bombuso ngamunye ufeza izindima ezingafani, futhi amadolobha avame ukugxila ezinkonzweni eziqondile zokwelapha kanye nasekuvimbeleni, kuyilapho izifunda zigxile ekuqondiseni, ekuqondiseni amaMedicaid, nasemikhankasweni yezempilo yomphakathi emikhulu.

Izinkonzo Zezempilo Ezisedolobheni

Iminyango yezempilo yasedolobheni nezibhedlela zikamasipala ngokuvamile zinikeza izinkonzo zokwelapha eziseceleni, ikakhulukazi ezakhamuzini ezingahlolwanga noma ezingahlolwanga.

  • Izibhedlela nemitholampilo yomphakathi kusetshenziswa umphakathi
  • Imitholampilo yokubelethisa nokuhlolwa kwengane
  • Izinhlelo zezempilo zezingane nezezangaphakathi
  • Izinkonzo zezempilo yobulili, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kwe - STD nokuhlelwa komkhaya
  • Ukwelulekwa kabi kwempilo yokuziphatha nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa
  • Izinkonzo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (amaqembu ezimo eziphuthumayo neziphuthumayo ahamba nomnyango wezomlilo wedolobha noma inkampani ehlukile ye - EMS)
  • Ukuhlolwa kwempilo yendawo ezungezile (izindawo zokudlela, izinga lamanzi, ukunqandwa kwezinambuzane)

Lezi zinkonzo zivame ukufinyeleleka kakhulu kunezinhlelo zombuso ngoba zisendaweni engokoqobo. Umuntu ohlala edolobheni angahamba angene emtholampilo ngaphandle kokumiswa futhi athole ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo. Nokho, izimali zempilo zasedolobheni zihlala zingasebenzi kaningi, futhi eziningi zithembele ezivumelwaneni zikahulumeni nohulumeni zokusebenza. Phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo zezempilo zomphakathi, njengobhadane lwe-COVID-19, iminyango yezempilo yasedolobheni yaba yiyonandawo eyinhloko yokuxhumana ekuhlolweni nasekugonyweni, kodwa futhi incike nasemthethweni kahulumeni nasemkhakheni wokuzini.

Izinkonzo zezempilo ezihamba phambili zikahulumeni

Iminyango yezempilo yoMbuso isingatha imisebenzi yesilinganiso esikhulu, kuhlanganise:

  • Ukufundisa IMedicaid Nesimiso Sezingane Se - Health Mushuwalense (CHIP)
  • Ukunakekela nokuqondisa izibhedlela, amakhaya asebegugile, nochwepheshe bezempilo
  • Izibhedlela zezifo zengqondo nezindawo zokuhlala ezikhethekile ezihamba phambili
  • Ukuqapha izifo ezihlasela izwe lonke nokusabela okubhebhethekisayo
  • Ukusekela nokuqondisa izindawo zokucwaninga zezempilo zomphakathi
  • Ukuthuthukisa izimiso zempilo ezimayelana nokubhalisa i - opioid, iziqondiso zokugoma, nokukhokha umshuwalense

Ukunakekelwa kwempilo kahulumeni akunalo ilungelo lokwandisa i-Medicaid ngokuqondisisa iziguli futhi mayelana nokuqondisa nokuxhasa ngemali. Ngokwesibonelo, umnyango wezempilo wezwe uhlela inzuzo yabaphathi be-Medicaid, ethinta ngokuqondile ukuthi imitholampilo esezindaweni ezifika kancane edolobha ingahlala ivuliwe yini. I-United States futhi inegunya lokwandisa uMdicaid ngaphansi komthetho we-Affordal Care Act, isinqumo esithinta kakhulu imali yasesibhedlela kanye nenani elingakholeki emadolobheni. [[FLT: 0] [Kaymer Family Foundation ilondoloza umdwebi wendlela ebonisa ukuthi uMedicaidylethiwe ngaphansi kwe-Afford Careal Act, isinqumo esithinta futhi esithinta kakhulu inzuzo yempilo yendawo.

Izakhiwo Zokuhamba: Abantu Abathuthayo Nezinto Eziyigugu

Imisebenzi yokuhamba ithengwa kakhulu, umsebenzi womphakathi owenziwe ngokunenzuzo obonisa ukuhlukana kwedolobha nezwe. Amadolobha aphatha imigwaqo yendawo, ukuhamba, nemizila, kuyilapho amazwe enakekela imigwaqo emikhulu, izifundazwe, nemithombo yezimali emizileni emikhulu. Lokhu kungenza ukuba kuhlanganiswe izinselele [1] Umgwaqo omkhulu wedolobha ungaphazamisa izindlela zamabhasi, noma icebo lebhayisekili ledolobha lingangqubuzana nezindinganiso zomthetho zokwakha imigwaqo.

Izinkonzo Zokuhamba Ezisedolobheni

Iminyango yokuthutha yasedolobheni igxile "ekuxhumaneni okungamakhilomitha adlule" izakhamuzi ezikusebenzisa nsuku zonke:

  • Ukulungisa imigwaqo yendawo (ukulungisa imigodi, ukukhukhuleka komgwaqo, ukususwa kweqhwa)
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zezimoto kanye nokuhlelwa kwesikhathi
  • Ibhasi likahulumeni nezimiso zikajantshi
  • Ukulungiswa nokwakhiwa kwamasende ohambo
  • Izakhiwo zesakhiwo ezihamba ngebhayisekili (amakheni, ama - alder, izinhlelo zebhayisekili)
  • Ukugcinwa kwamandla okupaka nokusetshenziswa kwezimoto okunemitha
  • Izinkonzo zokuphazanyiswa kwezakhamuzi ezikhulile nezikhubazekile
  • Izibani zasemgwaqweni nokusayinwa

Lezi zinkonzo zithinta ukuphila ngokuqondile. Idolobha elinezitaladi ezinamabhayisekili ezihlala zikhona futhi lisebenza njalo lihamba futhi alilingani. Nokho, imali yokusebenzisa izinto zokuhamba ilinganiselwe, futhi imisebenzi inganqandwa ukuphikiswa komphakathi noma ukuncishiswa kwemali. Amadolobha amaningi aphendukele ezindinganisweni zokuvota noma ekuminyanisweni ukuze akhiqize imali enikezelwe ukuthutha.

Izinkonzo zezokuthutha ezihamba ngejubane likahulumeni

Iminyango kahulumeni yezokuthutha (ama - DOT) iphethe izinqubo ezihlanganisa amadolobha nezifunda:

  • Imigwaqo emikhulu yamazwe angaphandle kanye nemizila kahulumeni
  • Ukulungisa ibhuloho nomhubhe omkhulu
  • Ukuqoqa iminikelo yokuthumela ngezinhlelo ezinikezayo
  • Ukuqondisa ijubane lokuphepha nokusebenza kwezitimela zabagibeli
  • Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo zesikhululo sezindiza netheku
  • Isimiso sokuthutha, kuhlanganise nezindinganiso zokukhipha igesi neziqondiso zokusebenzisa indawo

I-DOTs ilawula futhi ukugeleza kwemali yomgwaqo omkhulu kahulumeni, emelela ingxenye enkulu yokusebenzisa izinto zokuhamba. Uma idolobha lifuna ukwakha umugqa omusha wohambo noma umgwaqo omkhulu, ngokuvamile kufanele lisebenzise imali kahulumeni nohulumeni. Lokhu kwenza amandla lapho isilinganiso sikahulumeni sibaluleke khona . njengokugxila emigwaqweni yasemaphandleni noma emaphasishini emithwalo. I-National Transportation Library[[ inikeza ukwaziswa ngendlela isilinganiso sikahulumeni kanye nezokuthutha okungabelwa ngayo.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi: Amaphoyisa, Umlilo, Nokusabela Ngokuphuthumayo

Ukuphepha komphakathi kungomunye wezindawo lapho izinkonzo zasedolobheni zibonakala khona kakhulu futhi zishesha khona. Izindawo zomnyango wamaphoyisa nezicima - mlilo zendawo zisabela ezingcingweni ezingu-911, kuyilapho izinhlangano zikahulumeni ziphatha ukugada kwemigwaqo emikhulu, izinhlekelele ezinkulu, nokuqondisa. Ukulinganisela phakathi kokulawula kwezindawo nokubambisana kwezwe kuyinto eqhubekayo yempikiswano yesizwe, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nezindinganiso zamaphoyisa nokuziphendulela.

Izinkonzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi Ezisedolobheni Ezisemgangathweni

Iminyango yokuphepha yomphakathi yasedolobheni ihlanganisa:

  • Iminyango yamaphoyisa kahulumeni enakekela amaphoyisa asendaweni, ukuphenywa kobugebengu, nokugcinwa kwezimoto
  • Iminyango yomlilo inikeza ukucinywa komlilo, ukusabela ngezinto ezibonakalayo eziyingozi nokutakulwa kobuchwepheshe
  • Izinkonzo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa umnyango womlilo noma inhlangano ehlangene)
  • Izinhlelo zamaphoyisa omphakathi, izinhlelo zomphakathi zokubuka izinhlelo, nezikhulu zezezimali zesikole
  • Ukugcinwa kwemithetho (ukukhononda ngezikhalazo, ukuphulwa kwezindlu, ukulawulwa kwezilwane)

Lezi zinkonzo zisendaweni ephezulu kakhulu. Umnyango wamaphoyisa wedolobha uhlela ezawo izinqubo zokusetshenziswa kwempoqo (ezikumthetho kahulumeni), unquma ukugadelwa kwezindawo, futhi usebenza nabaholi bomphakathi. Iminyango yomlilo ivame ukusingatha izingcingo zezokwelapha ngoba iqeqeshelwe izisebenzi eziphuthumayo. Ukuphumelela kwalezi zinkonzo kuxhomeke kakhulu ezimalini zedolobha, ezingaholela ekususeni izakhiwo: amadolobha acebile angase abe nezindawo zokusebenza, imishini esebenzayo, kanti amadolobha ampofu alwa nezikhathi zokusabela kanye nemishini.

Izinkonzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi Ezisemgangathweni Kahulumeni

Izinhlangano ezivikela umphakathi ezisesilinganisweni sikahulumeni zigxile ekuqikelweni komthetho ezikhundleni zesifundazwe nakukuphathwa kwenhlekelele:

  • Amaphoyisa kahulumeni noma amaphoyisa asemigwaqweni emikhulu (amaphoyisa asebenza ngokungenamthetho emazweni ahlukene, uphenyo lobugebengu ezindaweni ezingafakwanga ohlangothini)
  • Bureau of Investigation (amagumbi obugebengu asemasiteji asenyakatho, izinkonzo ze - forensic, kanye nokusekelwa okukhulu kweziguli)
  • Inhlangano yokuqondisa izinhlekelele (ukuvuma ukusabela enhlekeleleni, ezinhlekeleleni ezingokwemvelo, nokulondeka kwamazwe ngamazwe)
  • Ihhovisi likasosha wezomlilo (ukugcinwa kwemithetho yomlilo, ukuhlola nge - arson, ukuqeqesha izindinganiso)
  • Umnyango Wezeluleko (ukuvalelwa emajele kahulumeni nokuqondiswa kwesigwebo)

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zinikeza imithombo angeke akwazi ukuthenga ngokwazo amadolobha, njengezindawo zokuxhumana zobugebengu ezisezweni lonke, izikhungo ezihambayo, namaqembu anezikhungo ezivamile ezikhethekile. Phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo ``ihurricanes, imigodi yemlilo, izinxushunxushu zombango', isifundazwe singawunqoba umthetho wendawo noma sicele usizo lukahulumeni. Nokho, lokhu kubambisana kungashintshwa yizingxabano zezombangazwe noma ukungezwani ezindinganisweni zokuqeqesha phakathi kwesifundazwe nezikhulu zendawo.

Amapaki, Ukuzijabulisa, Nezinkonzo Zendawo Ezungezile

Izindawo eziluhlaza nendawo ezungezile zibaluleke kakhulu ezakhamuzini. amapaki edolobha nawasesifundazweni afeza izinjongo ezihlukahlukene futhi axhaswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. amapaki asedolobheni avame ukuba amahlaza aseduze, kuyilapho amapaki kahulumeni ngokuvamile alondoloza izindawo zemvelo ezinkulu futhi alungiselele ukumisa amatende, ukuqwala izintaba nezilwane zasendle.

Amapaki Asedolobheni Nezokuzijabulisa

  • Amapaki omakhelwane, izindawo zokudlala, nezindawo zezemidlalo
  • Izikhungo zokuzijabulisa zomphakathi ezinamakilasi okuvivinya umzimba, amachibi, nezinhlelo zangemva kwesikole
  • Ukutshala isihlahla sasedolobheni nokunakekela izihlahla emgwaqweni
  • Izimakethe zabalimi nezindawo zomphakathi
  • Izinhlelo zokuvula ingadi zomphakathi
  • Ama - communst okuzijabulisa intsha nemidlalo yabantu abadala

Amapaki asemadolobheni avame ukuxhaswe ngentela yendawo, izivumelwano zezindawo, noma izimali zokukhokha ipaki ezivela kubakhi. Abaphathi bakhona baphathwa amapaki nomnyango wokuzilibazisa obika umkhandlu wedolobha. Ukuhlola kulokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukutholakala kwamapaki aphambili kuthuthukisa impilo engokomzimba, ukuhlangana kwezenhlalo, nempahla. Kodwa izindawo eziningi zasemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi izindawo ezitholakala kancane, zintula indawo eluhlaza kakhulu − inkinga eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-park evercy"."

Amapaki Asemzileni Kahulumeni Nokubuyiselwa Kwendawo Ezungezile

  • Amapaki kahulumeni, amahlathi, nezindawo zokunakekela izilwane zasendle
  • Izinhlangano zokuvikela zendawo ezungezile zilawula izinga lomoya namanzi
  • Izimiso zokuphatha ugu nokungenisa imikhumbi
  • Ukusekela intuthuko yepaki lendawo ngemiphako enjengeLand and Water Conservation Fund
  • Ukulondoloza imvelo kulula nokuvikela izilwane ezisengozini

Amapaki kahulumeni avame ukuba makhulu futhi abe made kakhulu, adweba izivakashi ezivela ezindaweni ezihlukene. Izinhlangano zendawo ezungezile zibeka imingcele ethinta izimboni zamadolobha nezinto ezisemzileni wokuzivuselela. Ngokwesibonelo, uhulumeni ungaphoqelela isilinganiso esiqinile sokukhipha igesi esimbonini kagesi edolobheni noma ufune ukuba idolobha lithuthukise indawo yalo yokwelapha ngamanzi angcolile. Amadolobha kumelwe avumelane nalemithetho, engabiza kodwa futhi ivikele impilo yomphakathi.

Izinkonzo Zamanzi, Zokuzala

Izinto ezisemqoka ezifana nokutholakala kwamanzi, ukwelashwa kwendle, nokulawulwa kwemfucumfucu okuqinile kuyimithwalo yemfanelo yedolobha noma yesifundazwe, kodwa ukuqondisa kukahulumeni kuqinisekisa izinga lokuphepha nokuvumelana kwendawo ezungezile. Izindleko nokwethembeka kwalezi zinkonzo kuthinta ngokuqondile ukutholakala kwezindlu nempilo yomphakathi.

Izinkonzo zokuveza idolobha

  • Ukwelashwa nokusakazwa kwamanzi (ngokuvamile ngomnyango wamanzi kamasipala)
  • Ukuqoqwa kwemithi yokugaya indle nezikhungo zokwelapha ngamanzi angcolile
  • Ukuqoqwa kwemfucumfucu eqinile, ukusetshenziswa kabusha nokulahlwa kwayo
  • Ukulawula amanzi esiphepho nokulawula izikhukhula
  • Amagesi omphakathi (amanye amadolobha anama - giramu kagesi)
  • Ukwanda kwegesi engokwemvelo (nakuba ngokuvamile kubangelwa yizicubu)

Iminyango yezenzuzo yasedolobheni izakuphendulelwa kuziphathimandla ezikhethiwe, izinga lokunyuka liyindaba yezombangazwe. Amadolobha amaningi alwa nezakhiwo zakudala eziwuhlupho, amapayipi emfucumfucu, impova ehlangene nempompi yamanzi, kanye nokuvuza amapayipi amanzi adinga izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ekubekeleni imali. I-American Society of Civil Enginegerers inikeza i-U.S. izisekelo zamanzi eziyizinga lokukhuphulela amanzi ukuze kulungiswe.

Ukulawula Isilinganiso Sezinga Lezwe

  • Imishini yomphakathi elawula amanzi, ugesi, negesi
  • Iminyango yokuvikela indawo ezungezile ikhipha imvume yokukhipha imvume
  • Izimali zikahulumeni ezikhokhelwayo ezinikeza imali ebolekiswayo ethakazelelwayo ephansi kakhulu yezakhiwo zamanzi
  • Izinga lokuphuza amanzi eliphansi (ngokuvamile liqine kunemithetho kahulumeni)
  • Ukulungiselela inhlekelele ukuze kutholakale imali yokuphuma kwemishini

I-operated zombuso ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisebenza muntu aziwaniki abathengi imali eningi noma azinakwa ukunakekelwa. Nokho, ubuhlobo phakathi kwamathuluzi awedolobha kanye nama-gudu alawulayo kahulumeni bungaqina: idolobha lingase lifune ukwakha idamu elisha, kodwa lidinga imvume nemali egunyazwe uhulumeni. Iwebhusayithi ye-'RFLT's' yokuphuza amanzi' [['S] ihlela i-pane yezwelonke ekugcineni amanzi aphephile.

Izinkonzo Zomphakathi Nosizo Lwezindlu

Izinhlelo zezokuvikela umphakathi zihlanganisa kokubili amazinga edolobha nawamazwe, ngokuvamile amadolobha anezindawo zokukhosela ezingenamakhaya nezinhlelo zokuqasha kuyilapho izifunda zilawula izimiso zezenhlalakahle nezokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle. Igebe phakathi kwezidingo zendawo nemithombo kahulumeni liyinselele eqhubekayo.

Izinkonzo Zomphakathi Ezisedolobheni

  • Izindawo zokukhosela eziphuthumayo nezindlu ezishintshashintshayo
  • Ukulawula noma ukuqasha imithetho yokuchanyuselwa
  • Ukupholisa/ukupholisa izikhungo zempi phakathi nesimo sezulu esibi
  • Amabhange okudla asendaweni nezinhlelo zokudla
  • Izindawo zobudlova zasekhaya zilawulwa yizinto ezingazuzisi ezithengwa amadolobha
  • Izinkonzo zentsha nezinhlelo zokuvimbela amaqembu
  • Izikhungo zasebekhulile nokudiliselwa kwasebekhulile

Imisebenzi yezenhlala - kahle yasemadolobheni ivame ukubonakala kakhulu kubantu abahlala khona, ikakhulukazi labo abangenamakhaya. Nokho, amadolobha awatholi nzuzo yokulungisa ubumpofu nezindlu ezibiza imali enele. Amadolobha amaningi aye amemezela ukuthi kunezimo eziphuthumayo zokuhlala futhi athathe imithetho yokuhlanganisa izindlu, kodwa le mizamo ivame ukulinganiselwa ngemithetho kahulumeni yokunqanda ukuqasha intela noma imithetho yokusebenzisa indawo.

Izinkonzo zezenhlalakahle ezikwehliswa nguhulumeni

  • IMedicaid (umshuwalense wesiguli wemali etholakalayo ephansi kanye nabantu abakhubazekile)
  • Uhlelo Lokusiza Ngokudla Okunenezelwe (SNAP, izitembu zokudla)
  • Usizo Lwesikhashana Emikhayani Edinga Usizo (TTANF, usizo lwemali)
  • Ingxenye 8 yemali yokukhokha izindlu nemali kahulumeni yokukhokha izindlu
  • Izimiso zokunakekela izingane kanye nezokunakekela izingane
  • Izinzuzo zokukhubazeka nokubuyiselwa komsebenzi

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zinikeza izinhlelo ezixhaswe uhulumeni, zinqume isilinganiso sokuthola inzuzo, futhi zihlele amazinga azuzisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uhulumeni unquma inzuzo enkulu ye-TANF emkhayeni onezintathu, ehluka kakhulu kusuka ku-R3,000 ngenyanga kwezinye izindawo kuya kumaR1, kuya kumaR1,650 kwezinye. Amadolobha kumelwe asebenze kule milinganiso kahulumeni, ngokuvamile anezele izinzuzo ngezimali zendawo. I-Centerter on Bactal and Policy Pritive [ inikeza ukuwohloka okuningiliziwe kwendlela ukukhetha okuthinta ngayo amazinga obumpofu bendawo.

Isiphetho: Ukuthutha idolobha elisedolobheni

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkonzo phakathi kwedolobha nohulumeni bezwe akuyona ipulani emisiwe kodwa ukubambisana okunamandla, ngezinye izikhathi okuxabana. Amadolobha aphumelela ekunikezeni izinkonzo ezihlolwayo, ezisabelayo − izikole zomphakathi, imitholampilo, amaphoyisa asendaweni, nezinhlelo zepaki (kodwa ancike ekuxhaseni kwezimali zikahulumeni, izimiso zezimiso, nezimiso zezimiso. Amazwe, nawo anikeza ukuhlelwa kwesilinganiso, izomnotho zesilinganiso, kanye namanetha okuphepha okungekho dolobha elikwazi ukukuthenga kuphela, kodwa angaphuthumela ukujwayela izidingo zendawo.

Njengesakhamuzi, ukuqonda lokhu kuhlukanisa kukunika amandla okungenela ngokuphumelelayo. Uma ipaki lakini lingenamdlandla, indlela yakho engcono kakhulu kungaba umkhandlu wedolobha; lapho isikole sishintsha indlela yokuxhasa isifunda sesifunda sakho, izishayamthetho zikahulumeni zibamba izintambo zezikhwama zezikhwama. Ngokwazi ukuthi yiliphi izinga likahulumeni lokulawula inkonzo, ungaqondisa i-advocacy yakho, uvota, kanye nentela lapho i-R3 ezoba nethonya elikhulu khona. Impilo yomphakathi wakho ixhomeke kuwo womabili amadolobha nombuso, futhi usebenza kahle kanye nawe, isakhamuzi esinolwazi, sinombuzo womabili.