Ukuchaza Amandla Ezombangazwe Nobukhulu Bawo

Amandla ezombangazwe angenye yemiqondo eyisisekelo kakhulu ekuhloleni uhulumeni, umlando, nomphakathi. Ebusweni bawo obulula, obungobezombangazwe yikhono lokuthonya noma ukulawula izenzo, izinkolelo, noma ukuziphatha kwabanye, ikakhulukazi phakathi komongo wokubusa nokuphila komphakathi.

Usosayensi wezombangazwe uRobert Dahl uchaza amandla adumile ngokwezici ezihlobene: A anamandla phezu kuka-B ngokwezinga lapho A engathola khona u-B ukuba enze okuthile okungeke kwenziwe. Lokhu kuhlelwa okulula kuthatha isisekelo samandla njengenhlanganisela. Nokho, izazi ziye zandisa lokhu kuqonda ngokuphawulekayo. Steven Lukas, emsebenzini wakhe we-micu yezulu, amandla: Imbono eqinile [[[, isikisela izilinganiso ezintathu zamandla amandla: ukwenza izinqumo (ikhono lokunqoba ezimpikiswaneni), amandla okulawula izimpikiswano (ikhono lokulawula okucabangela okucatshangelwa), namandla ohlelo (ikhono lokulungisa nokuqonda (ikhono lokulungisa ukubukeka nokuqondana).

Ukuqonda lapho amandla ezombangazwe evela khona kubalulekile kunoma ubani ofunda umlando, isayensi yezombangazwe, noma izakhamuzi. Amandla awayona imfihlakalo. Aphuma emithonjeni ephawulekayo, aguquka ngomongo womlando, futhi ancintisana futhi ashintshwe. Lesi sihloko sihlola imithombo eyinhloko yamandla ezombangazwe, ukushintsha kwawo okungokomlando, izici ezingokomlando, izisekelo ezicatshangelwayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuwahlaziya, kanye nokubonakaliswa kwawo ezweni lanamuhla.

Imithombo Eyinhloko Yamandla Ezombangazwe

Imithombo ebaluleke kakhulu ihlanganisa ukufaneleka, ukuphoqelelwa, ithonya nokuthonya nokulawula imithombo yengcebo eyisisekelo.

Ukuba Ingcweti Kwamandla

Uma abantu bekholelwa ukuthi umbusi, uhulumeni, noma inhlangano inelungelo lokusebenzisa amandla, bavumelana ngokuzithandela. uMax Weber, omunye wabashisekeli bezenhlalakahle abanethonya elikhulu, waveza izinhlobo ezintathu ezifanele zegunya elingokomthetho.

Igunya lendabuko lisekelwe ezinkolelweni ezimisiwe ebungcweleni bamasiko namasiko amadala. Amankosi, izikhulu zesizwe, nezimiso ezifuzo zithola ubugunya bawo ngenxa yobukhulu bomlando. Igunya lobukhomanisi, ngokuphambene, lisuka ezimfanelweni ezingavamile zomholi. Abaprofethi, abaholi abaguquli, nabashisekeli benguquko abanamandla bakhuthaza ukuzinikela nokwethembeka okusekelwe embonweni wabo obonwayo noma ebukhoneni bobuqhawe. Igunya lomthetho liyisisekelo semibuso yanamuhla yentando yeningi. Isekelwe esimisweni semithetho emisiwe, inqubo, nemithetho eqinile. Abantu abalalelangangenxa yesiko noma inguquko, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi isimiso ngokwaso sibonakala singokomthetho, ukubusa, imithetho yemithetho engokomthetho inikeza lesi simo sezombangazwe.

Lapho kuqedwa ngokomthetho, amandla ezombangazwe aba buthakathaka. Ohulumeni abalahlekelwa ukholo lwezakhamuzi zabo ngokuvamile babhekana nezinxushunxushu, ukubhikisha, noma ukuwa okusobala.

Ukuzitika Nokusetshenziswa Kwamandla

Ikhoba lihlanganisa usongo noma ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kokuphoqelela ukulalela. Luhlobo oluqondile nolubonakalayo kakhulu lwamandla. Kuhulumeni wobuphoqelelo, ukuphoqelela ngokuvamile kuyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokubusa. Amaphoyisa asese, amabutho ezempi, ukuboshwa, nobudlova kusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuphikisa nokulawula. Nokho, ngisho nasemiphakathini yentando yeningi, umbuso unegunya lokusebenzisa amandla angokomthetho, njengoba kushiwo yi-Weber. Amaphoyisa, izinkantolo, nezinhlangano zempi ezisebenzisa amandla angokomthetho phakathi kwemingcele.

Ikhoba liyikhokha elibizayo. Kudinga ukuqapha njalo, ukuphoqelela, nokuzimisela ukulimaza. Kubangela ukucasuka nokumelana. Izimiso eziningi eziqinile zezombangazwe zincike ekwakheni ubugunya kanye nokuphoqelelwa. Izakhiwo eziphumelela kakhulu zokubusa zinciphisa isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwegunya ngokweqile ngokuhlakulela ukwamukelwa kwegunya lazo.

Ithonya Nethonya

Akuwona wonke amandla ezombangazwe ancike emandleni noma egunya elingokomthetho. Ithonya ikhono lokulolonga izinkolelo, izindinganiso, nezenzo zabanye ngokuthonya, impikiswano, noma isibonelo. Loluhlobo lwamandla lusetshenziswa izinhlangano zemithombo yezindaba, izihlakaniphi, abaholi benkolo, abangenisi, nezinhlangano zezenhlalo. Umqondo wamandla athambile, osungulwe isazi sezezombangazwe uJoseph Nye, uthatha lobu bubanzi. Amandla athambile anamandla okudonsa nokuthatha isibopho kunokuba acindezele. Avela emasikweni, ezinkonzweni zezombangazwe, nakubenye abantu abavela kwamanye amazwe, okubhekwa njengokufanelekile nokukhanga.

Emiphakathini yentando yeningi, ithonya lisetshenziswa ngenkulumo - mpikiswano yomphakathi, imikhankaso yokubusa, kanye nezentengiselwano zemibono. Amaqembu ezombangazwe, amaqembu ezithakazelo, nezinhlangano zomphakathi zincintisana ukuze zilolonge umbono womphakathi nesimiso somphakathi. Amandla okuthonya abaluleke kakhulu emongweni lapho igunya elingokomthetho libuthakathaka noma liphikiswana.

Ukulawula Imicebo

Amandla ezombangazwe asekelwe futhi ekulawuleni imithombo egxekayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ingcebo, ulwazi, ubuchwepheshe, amandla, izwe, ezempi. Amandla ezomnotho aguqula ngokuqondile ezombangazwe. Abantu abacebile nezinkampani zingaxhasa imikhankaso yezombangazwe, abangenisi bezomthetho, futhi zilungise izinkulumo zeningi ngemithombo yezindaba. Ulwazi luyinzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu enkathini yobuchwepheshe. Labo abalawula imininingwane, imithetho, nezindawo zokuxhumana banamandla abalulekile okuhlela izindaba nemiphumela yezombangazwe.

Ukulawula imithombo yemvelo, njengowoyela, amaminerali, noma amanzi, kunganikeza amandla amakhulu ezombangazwe ezizweni nasezindaweni. Izifundazwe zemithombo yengcebo zivame ukuba nethonya elikhulu ezindabeni zomhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuncika kwempahla kungadala ukuwohloka kanye nemijikelezo yenkohlakalo. Ukuqonda ukulawulwa kwemithombo kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani amaqembu athile noma izizwe zilondoloza amandla naphezu kokungabi nagunya lombuso wentando yeningi.

Igunya Liyaphikisana Namandla: Umehluko Obucayi

Amagama anamandla negunya avame ukusetshenziswa ngokufana, kodwa abhekisela emiqondweni ehlukile. Amandla ayikhono elibanzi lokuthonya ukuziphatha. Igunya liwuhlobo oluthile lwamandla oluqashelwa njengolungokomthetho. Uma othile enegunya, imiyalo yawo iyalalelwa ngoba abonwa njengenelungelo lokuwaphikisa. Iphoyisa eliqondisa izimoto linegunya. Umdubuli ofuna isikhwama unamandla kodwa akanagunya.

Lokhu kuhlukanisa kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuqina kwezombangazwe. Izimiso ezisekelwe ekuphoqeleleni zidinga ukugcinwa njalo futhi azizinzi. Izimiso ezithuthukisa igunya zizuza ngokuzithoba kokuzithandela, okuphumelela kakhulu futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside. Inselele enkulu yokubusa kwezombangazwe ukwakhela nokulondoloza igunya kunokuthembela emandleni angaqinile. Yingakho imithetho emithetho, ukubusa kwentando yeningi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ziguqula amandla abe yigunya ngokuwabeka phakathi kwezimiso abantu abawamukelayo njengegunya elingokomthetho.

Ukushintsha Okungokomlando Ebusweni Bezombangazwe

Imithombo nezici zemibuso yezombangazwe ziye zashintsha ngokuphawulekayo phakathi nomlando wesintu. inkathi ngayinye iye yaveza izinhlobo zayo ezivelele zamandla, ezisekelwe ezimweni zezenhlalo, zezomnotho, nezezobuchwepheshe zangaleso sikhathi.

Amandla Ezinhlanganweni Zasendulo

Emibusoni yasendulo enjengeGibithe, i-Mesopotamia, iChina, neRoma, umbuso wezombangazwe wawuvame ukubekwa ezandleni zombusi oyedwa owayethi unegunya laphezulu noma elingunkulunkulu. UFaro, umbusi, noma inkosi wabonwa njengommeleli wonkulunkulu emhlabeni. Umbuso wawuzuzwa njengefa, futhi ukumelana kwaphathwa njengobugebengu bezombangazwe, nokuphambuka okungokwenkolo. Lemiphakathi yayithembele kakhulu emasikweni nasenkoloni ukuze igunya elingokomthetho, lithakwe yigunya lezempi nayimpathi yempathi yezombuso. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla kumuntu oyedwa kwakuvunyelwe ukwenza imisebenzi emikhulu njengezimiso zokunisela ngenkasa, amathempeli, namabutho, kodwa futhi kwadalwa nangokweziphakamela lapho abaholi bebuthakathaka noma bengena ezikhundleni.

Isimiso Sokwehla Kwamandla

EYurophu yenkathi ephakathi, umbuso wezombangazwe waba nohlobo oluhlukile. Isimiso sezempi sabusa ngokunenzuzo phakathi kwesimiso samakhosi, amakhosi, namakhosi. Umphakathi wawuyisisekelo samandla. UMbusi wayelawula amasimu nabantu ababephila kuwo, ukuze bathembeke futhi bakhonze izikhulu eziphezulu noma umqhele. Umbuso wawungowomuntu siqu, wendawo, futhi wawuvumelana kunokuba ube yizimo ezingathi zikhona. ISonto lamaKatolika lalisebenzisa amandla amakhulu ezombangazwe, liphikisene nababusi bezwe futhi linikeza umthombo wegunya elivela emhlabeni wonke.

Amandla ahlukene futhi avame ukuphikiswa. Izimpi ezingaguquki, ukushintshashintshana, kanye nokungabikho kwemibuso enamandla kwasho ukuthi amandla ayesetshenziswa ngendlela ephakeme neyohlobo. Lesimiso ekugcineni sathatha indawo yokudlondlobala kwezizwe ezisenkabeni yezwe, ezaqinisa amandla ezikhundleni zenkosi futhi kamuva ezinhlanganweni zabameleli.

Ukukhanyiselwa Nokuzalwa Kobukhosi Obuthandwayo

Ukukhanyiselwa kwekhulu le-17 nele-18 kwayibekela inselele ngokuyisisekelo imithombo engokwesiko yamandla ezombangazwe. Abacabangi abanjengoJohn Locke, uJean-Jacques Rousseau, noMontesquieu baphikisa ngokuthi igunya elingokomthetho lezombangazwe lisekelwe ekuvumeni kwababuswayo. Umqondo wobukhosi obuthandwayo wasusa ilungelo laphezulu lamakhosi. Umbono kaRousseau wesivumelwano sezenhlalo esasikholelwa ukuthi amandla ezombangazwe adalwa abantu, abavuma ukubuswa ukuze bavikeleke futhi bazuze okuhle.

Lemibono yabhebhethekisa izinguquko eMelika, eFrance nakwezinye izindawo. ISimemezelo saseMelika senkululeko neSimemezelo saseFrance samalungelo abantu nesaseSizweni sobabili sagomela ukuthi ohulumeni bathola amandla abo alungile ngokuvumelana nababuswayo. Lokhu kwakuyinguquko enkulu. Amandla ezombangazwe ayengasabonwa njengokuthile okubekwe phezulu okuvela phezulu. Kwakuyinto eyayivela kubantu, eboniswa ngokhetho, ukumelelwa, nangemingcele yemithetho engokomthetho egunyeni likahulumeni.

Imibuso Yanamuhla Namandla Omthetho - sisekelo

Enkathini yanamuhla, umbuso wezombangazwe ezimisweni zentando yeningi wakhiwe ngemithetho-sisekelo, imithetho, nezimiso zokukhetha. Amandla ahlukene phakathi kwamagatsha kahulumeni ukuze avimbele ukugxiliswa kwawo. Amasheke namaqiniso, uhulumeni, kanye nesivikelo senkululeko yomphakathi kuklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla asetshenziswa ukulandisa futhi ahlonishwe ngamalungelo abantu ngabanye. Izimiso zinikeza inqubo evamile yokuthutha ngokuthula umbuso. Amaqembu ezombangazwe, amaqembu ezenhlalakahle, kanye nemithombo yezindaba isebenza njengezindawo zokuxhumana phakathi kwezakhamuzi nezwe.

Nokho, imibuso yentando yeningi yanamuhla nayo ibhekene nezinselele. Ukudlondlobala kwamandla okubusa, ithonya lemali kwezombangazwe, nokuwohloka kwezindinganiso zentando yeningi kwamanye amazwe kuye kwabangela ukukhathazeka ngempilo yokubusa kwentando yeningi. Umbango phakathi kobukhosi obuthandwayo namandla aphakeme ulokhu uyinto eyinhloko ekuphileni kwanamuhla kwezombangazwe.

Imibono Emikhulu Engaqondakali Embusweni Wezombangazwe

Ososayensi bezombangazwe nezenhlalo baye basungula izindlela eziningana eziphikisanayo zokuqonda indlela amandla asebenza ngayo emphakathini.

Umbono Wezinto Ezingaqondakali

Izazi zesayensi yezombangazwe ziphikisa ngokuthi amandla ezombangazwe asakazeka phakathi kwamaqembu amaningi ancintisanayo emphakathini. Akukho qembu elilodwa elibusayo. Kunalokho, amandla ahlukene futhi awenziwe ngoketshezi, namaqembu ahlukene athonya isimiso somthetho ohlukene. Umbuso wentando yeningi, kulombono, uyisakhangiso sezithakazelo eziphikisanayo. Ukuthatha i-Evercomment, ukukhuthaza, nokuziqhayisa komphakathi kunikeza amathuba amaningi ethonyeni amaqembu ukuba asebenzise ithonya. URobert Dahl's ufunda ngeNew Haven, Connecticut, [[FLT:] ubani olawulayo? ungumBEnzi wobuningi. UPlitura ubheka isimo njengomphini owenakelezayo othatha indawo yokulawula izingciphiso.

Inqaba Yokuzihlola

Izazi ze-elithiss ziphikisa umbono wobuningi, ziphikisa ngokuthi amandla agxilwe ezandleni zesigaba esincane, esinelungelo. C. Wright Mills, uMbuso u-Elite, waphikisa ukuthi iqembu elihlangene labaholi abavela enkampanini, kwezempi, nakwezombangazwe libusa ukuhlelwa kwesinqumo eUnited States. Laba bakhulu banezizinda ezifanayo, izithakazelo, nezinkondlalo zomhlaba. Banezinhlangano eziyinhloko zomphakathi futhi benze izinqumo ezifeza izithakazelo zabo siqu, ngokuvamile ngokulahlekelwa umphakathi. Inkolelo-mbono ka- Elitist igcizelela ukulingana kwezakhiwo okukhona okukhona kwezakhamuzi ezisebenzisa amandla ezombangazwe angempela.

Ukuhlaziya KwamaMarx

Inkolelo-mbono ka-Marx ibheka amandla ezombangazwe njengesibonakaliso samandla ezomnotho. Kulombono, umbuso uyithuluzi lokubusa isigaba. Isigaba esibusayo, esinezindlela zokukhiqiza, sisebenzisa umbuso ukuze silondoloze izinzuzo zaso zezomnotho futhi sicindezele izinselele zesigaba esisebenzayo. Amandla ezombangazwe awathathi hlangothi. Ithuluzi lokulondoloza isimiso sobukhapitali. Ukuhlaziya umehluko wezomnotho ugxila ezindleleni eziguqulela kuzo ukungalingani kwezombangazwe, futhi acela ukuguqula ushintsho lwezenhlalo lwezenhlalakahle ukuze kudlulisele amandla ngokulinganayo.

Ukungenela Kwezokubusa Kwabesifazane

Inkolelo-lwazi yezombangazwe yabesifazane iye yandisa ukuqonda amandla ukuze ihlanganise amaqembu abusayo nabesifazane. Izazi zabesifazane ziphikisa ngokuthi imibono engokwesiko yamandla iye yazishaya indiva izindlela izimo zezinzalamizi ezibumba ukuphila kwezombangazwe. Amandla awasetshenziswa nje kuphela ezinhlanganweni zezombangazwe ezihleliwe. Asebenza emkhayeni, emsebenzini, nasemikhubeni yamasiko. Izinhloso zobufandamentali zihlola indlela abesifazane namanye amaqembu ancishisiwe ngayo embusweni wezombangazwe nendlela izinhlangano zezenhlalo eziye zabekela ngayo inselele le miba. Umqondo wegunya uyisisekelo sokuzicingela ukuhlupha kwezelelwa kweqembu, ugcizelela ukubaluleka kwezenzo zomphakathi kanye nokusebenza kwekhono njengemishini yokuguqula ubuhlobo bamandla.

Umbuso Wezombangazwe Kulendawo Ezungezile

Ikhulu lama - 21 liye lasungula izinto ezintsha ezinamandla ezishintsha imithombo nokusetshenziswa kwegunya lezombangazwe.

Ubuchwepheshe Nokushintsha Ugesi Ngezinombolo

Izindawo zezokuxhumana ze-Internet kanye nezokuxhumana ziye zaguqula kakhulu indlela amandla ezombangazwe asetshenziswa ngayo futhi ancintiswane. Ohulumeni basebenzisa amathuluzi emishini ukuze baqaphele, baqambe inkulumo exoxile, futhi balawule. Imibuso yobucukubhede iye yasungula izimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlola imishini ukuze icindezele ukungavumelani. Ohulumeni be-Democratic babhekana futhi nezinselele ezihlobene nokususa ulwazi, ukungenela kwamanye amazwe, namandla ezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezilawula izilinganiso ezinkulu zokwaziswa.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bunike izakhamuzi amandla. Izezobungane zikwazi ukuhlanganisa ngokushesha, njengoba kuboniswa ezinhlanganweni ze-Arabia Spring, ukubhikisha kwe-promocracy eHong Kong, kanye nokuthatha isinyathelo sokulawula isimo sezulu okuholwa yintsha. Ama-Online plat anikeza eminye imithombo yokwaziswa futhi avumela amazwi alinganiselwe ukuba afinyelele izilaleli zomhlaba wonke. Amandla enkathi yezokuxhumana asasebenza, kodwa kusobala ukuthi ukulawula ulwazi nesisekelo sokuxhumana manje sekuyikhomba okuyinhloko kwamandla ezombangazwe.

Ukuhwebelana Kwembulunga Yonke Namandla Ezizwe Zonke

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kuye kwasusa amanye amandla ezombangazwe ezizwe zonke kuya ezinhlanganweni zomhlaba wonke, ezinhlanganweni zezizwe ngezizwe, nakumazwe angaphandle. Izinhlangano ezinjengeZizwe Ezihlangene, iNhlangano Yohwebo, neNhlangano yezeNdlela Yomhlaba Wonke zinethonya elikhulu ezimisweni zesizwe. Izinhlangano ezinezikethi zemali ezinkulu zembulunga yonke kunalezo ezikhona kwezezomnotho zezwe. Izinhlangano ezingakhonziwa ngezomthetho, izinhlangano zezinhlangano zezezentengiselwano, kanye nezinhlangano zezenhlalo zomhlaba wonke nazo zisebenza emingceleni.

Lokhu kuhlukana kwamandla kudala amathuba nezinselele. Ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke kubalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zembulunga yonke ezinjengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukubhibha, nokuntengantenga kwezomnotho. Nokho, ukukhukhuleka kobukhosi bezwe nethonya labadlali bembulunga yonke abangachazeki kuye kwabhebhethekisa ukubuyela ekulawuleni okwengeziwe.

Ukuphakama Kwe - Populism Nenselele Yayo Yokuthola Amandla Amisiwe

I-populist imelela inselele enkulu kumandla ezombangazwe asungulwe edemokrasi eningi. Abaholi nezinhlangano zePopulist bathi bamelela abantu abavamile ngokumelene nesigaba esikhohlakele nesingalawulwayo. Ngokuvamile balahla izinhlangano ezingokwesiko ezinjengezinkantolo, imithombo yezindaba, nenkonzo yomphakathi njengezemithetho engekho emthethweni. I-Populists ikhungethe umbono wokuthi amandla ezombangazwe aye abanjwa abantu abaphezulu abancane futhi izakhamuzi ezivamile ziye zalahlekelwa ukulawula ukuphila nohulumeni bazo.

Izinhlangano zempopo zingaqinisa ukuhlanganyela kwentando yeningi ngokuhlomisela izakhamuzi ezazingakufuni ukumiswa. Nokho, zingase zinciphise izinhlangano zentando yeningi, zinciphise ukubusa komthetho, futhi ziqede ukufaneleka kokuphikiswa kobuthakathi. Ubuhlobo phakathi kobupopulism namandla ezombangazwe buyinkimbinkimbi futhi buphikiswana. Ukuqonda i - populalist kudinga ukunaka izimbangela zayo eziyinhloko, kuhlanganise nokungalingani kwezomnotho, ukushintsha kwempucuko, kanye nokuhluleka kwamaqembu amakhulu ezombangazwe.

Izinhlangano Zomphakathi Ezingamanxusa Okusekela Umbuso

Sekuyisikhathi eside izinhlangano zomphakathi ziyindawo yokubekela izakhiwo zamandla inselele noshintsho olufuna impoqo. Kusukela emzabalazweni wamalungelo omphakathi kuya ekulweleni ukulingana komshado, kusukela ekuhleleni izisebenzi kuya ekuqondiseni imvelo, izinhlangano zihlomisela ukucindezela ohulumeni nezinhlangano. Izinhlangano eziphumelelayo ziguqula umbono womphakathi, zishintshe isimiso, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziguqule zona kanye izakhiwo zamandla.

Izinhlangano zakudala ezinjenge-Black Live Matter, Meo , futhi uLwesihlanu lwesikhathi esizayo lubonisa amandla aqhubekayo ezenzo zezombangazwe. Lezinhlangano zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yokubhikisha, ukubhalisa ngokomthetho, ukuhlangana kwezezindaba, nokuhlela okusemthethweni ukuqhubekisela phambili imigomo yazo. Zibonisa ukuthi amandla ezombangazwe awamiswa. Angadalwa, ancintiswane, futhi ahlanganiswe ngemizamo ehlangene.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukuqonda Amandla Ezombangazwe Kubaluleke

Ukuhlolwa kwamandla ezombangazwe akuyona indlela ewubuciko, kodwa kunemiphumela ewusizo ephawulekayo ezakhamuzini, kothisha, nakwabasunguli bezimiso.

Okokuqala, yenza ukuba kube nezakhamuzi ezinolwazi olunzulu, eziyiqonda kahle imithombo namandla ezombangazwe zihlonyiselwe kangcono ukuhlaziya ukuqashelwa kwezombangazwe, ziphendule abaholi, futhi zihlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo ezimisweni zentando yeningi. Zingabona ngalé kokukhuluma futhi zibone izithakazelo namandla athonya izinqumo zesimiso.

Okwesibili, kusekela ukulandisa. Ukuqaphela umehluko phakathi kwegunya elingokomthetho nokuphoqelelwa okungadingekile kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zifune ukuba sobala, zinamathele emthethweni, futhi zibuse ngokwezimiso.

Okwesithathu, inika amandla amaqembu ancishisiwe. Ukuqonda izakhiwo zamandla kwenza imiphakathi eswele ikwazi ukubona izithiyo ebhekene nazo futhi ithuthukise amasu okushintsha. Amandla ezombangazwe awawona umdlalo wezero-simi. Angavezwa ngenhlangano, imfundo, nangezenzo ezihlangene. Ulwazi ngendlela amandla asebenza ngayo luluhlobo lwamandla ngokwalo.

Okwesine, izimpikiswano zezombangazwe zivame ukunciphisa izimpikiswano zibe iziqubulo ezilula.

Isiphetho

Amandla ezombangazwe anamandla futhi agcwele. Asekelwe ekugunyazeni, ekuphoqeleleni, ekulawuleni ingcebo. Avela ngokuphawulekayo kusukela ezindaweni zaphezulu zombuso wezwe lasendulo kuya ezimisweni zentando yeningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zanamuhla. Izici ze-metriasme njenge permistism, i-Marxism, ne-stamism zinikeza amabala ahlukene okuqonda ukuthi amandla asakazwa futhi asetshenziswa kanjani.

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, umbuso wezombangazwe uguqulwa uguqulwa ubuchwepheshe, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, ukuphambanisa kwezwe, i-populism, kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Lezinguquko zidala kokubili izingozi namathuba. Izakhamuzi, othisha, nabaholi abaqonda imithombo namandla ezombangazwe bakulungele kangcono ukuqondisa lezinguquko nokwakha izimiso zezombangazwe ezilungile, ezinecala, neziqinile. Ukuhlolwa kwezombangazwe kuyisivivinyo sendlela izinhlangano zabantu ezizibusa ngayo.