Ukuqonda Intela Yezimali Zase - Australia Egqugquzela Indawo Ezungezile

Ifa lemvelo lase-Australia — kusukela eGreat Barrier Reef kuya ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni ezomile — ibhekene nokucindezela okukhushuliwe okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, nokusetshenziswa kwendawo okungakholeki.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuwohloka okubanzi kwendlela ye-Australian Treasury, okuhlanganisa ukuncishiswa kwentela, izikweletu, nokwehla okusheshayo, kanye nezinyathelo eziqondile zokuhlasela amandla avuselelwayo, ukubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala, nezivumelwano zokulondolozwa kwezindawo.

Isisekelo Sentela Yendawo Ezungezile

Izisusa zentela zisebenza njengohlobo lokusebenzisa imali engaqondile kahulumeni. Kunokuba ikhokhelwe ngokuqondile, izimali zemali yemali yemali eboshiwe ukuze ikhuthaze ukuziphatha okufiselekayo. Endaweni yendawo ezungezile, lezi zisusa zinciphisa izindleko zangemva kwentela yemisebenzi yokulondolozwa, zizenza ziphile ngokwezimali kubantu abaningi abathatha intela. I-glov iyalula: ukulondoloza imikhiqizo yomphakathi (umoya ohlanzekile, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukudayisa i-carbon stances. Ngokunciphisa izindleko zangasese, izisusa zentela zisiza ekusizeni igebende phakathi kwemiba ephakathi kwemiba nezinzuzo zomphakathi.

Isimiso sase-Australia sakhiwe ngezinqubo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukuncishiswa kwezikweletu, ukukwehliswa kwezikweletu, nokwehla okusheshayo.

Izikhungo Zentela Zokulondoloza Imvelo

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokukhuthaza ukuncishiswa kwentela, okunciphisa iholo elilinganiselwayo lomkhokhi wentela ngemali echithwa ekufanelekeni kwemisebenzi yendawo ezungezile. Ngokwesibonelo, umlimi otshala imali ukuze akhiphe imfuyo endaweni edalekayo angasusa lezo zindleko. Ngokufanayo, amabhizinisi angenisa izindleko zokuhlola indawo ezungezile, ukutshala intela, noma ukulawula kungabiza izikweleti ezithelwe ngaphansi kwemilungiselelo eqondile yentengo [[FL:0] intengo yomthetho ka-Assesment 1997 .

Izinhlangano ziwusizo kakhulu ezinhlanganweni ezinentela ephakeme. Inkampani ekhokha amasenti angu-30% enkampanini ithola amasenti angu-30 ngokunenzuzo emalini esetshenziswayo emsebenzini wokulondoloza imvelo ongakholeki. Kubantu ngabanye, izilinganiso ezizuzisayo ngesilinganiso sazo esiseceleni, ezingaphakama cishe ngama-45% (u-Medicare levy).

Izigaba ezihluziwe zihlanganisa:

  • Imisebenzi yokunakekela izwe: Izindleko zokulondoloza inhlabathi, ukuguguleka, nokukhipha amanzi zinganciphi ngonyaka owenziwa ngaphansi koHlelo-40 lwe-ITAA 1997.
  • [[NT.:0] Izindleko zokuvikela ezingokomzimba: izindleko zokuvimbela noma ukususa ukungcola, njengokufaka izimiso zokufaka noma ukuhlanza izindawo ezingcolile, zingafaneleka ngaphansi kwesiqephu 8-1 (isibalo se-genta) noma amalungiselelo akhethekile.
  • Izivumelwano ze-Pulisations: Abanikazi bezwe abangena ezivumelwaneni zokulondolozwa kokulondoloza okungapheli nezinhlangano ezifana nokuThembela iNdalo noma i-Tasmanian Land Conservancy ingafuna izincopho zokuncishiswa kwenani lezwe nezindleko eziqhubekayo zokuphatha.

Ukukhokha Intela Ngemishini Ephinde Yakhiwe Nezobuchwepheshe Obuhlanzekile

Nakuba izikweleti zentela zinciphisa intela ekhokhwayo, izikweleti zentela zinciphisa ngokuqondile intela ekhokhwayo — zizenza zibe namandla kakhulu ezinhlanganweni ezithola imali ephansi. I-Australia ngokomlando iye yasebenzisa kokubili izikweleti ezingakhokhelwanga futhi ezingakhokhelwanga endaweni ezungezile.

Isibonelo samanje esibaluleke kakhulu yi- Isilinganiso esiphinde sivuselelwe soMsebe-msi [[FLT]], esinikeza izikweleti ezingaphambili ezifake amapayipi amhlophe, i-wirtubines, kanye nezifudumezi zamanzi zamanzi. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe buye bathumela i-rate ngemisebe ephothiwe, umphumela wayo ulingana nentela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, [[[FLT:]] isilinganiso esiphezulu sokubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-Sisekelo soMsebe welanga [ (RORT]) isebenzisa isimiso somsebe wesitifiketi esisiza ngokungaqondile ukusheshisa isilinganiso, nakuba indima yentela eqondile ilinganiselwe ezinhlelwenikweni [FFF:] nenguquko ephakathi kwe-'intevolunt [FT]

Ngo-2023, uhulumeni wamemezela i-Hydrogen Headstart uhlelo oluhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza — intela yekhilogram ngayinye yabakhiqizi. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthambekela okukhulayo ekusebenziseni izinqubo zokuthenga ngesikweletu ku-de-risk esungula ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile.

Ukwehla kwexabiso lenani lenani elikhulu

Ukwehla okusheshayo kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuba athenge imali eshisiwe eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwempahla, athuthukise ukugeleza kwemali futhi anciphise inkathi yokukhokha eholweni lokutshala izimali eziyinhloko. I-Cetary inikeza lokhu ngempahla enjengale:

  • Izimiso ze - photovoltaic
  • Izigcinelo zebhetri
  • Izibani ezisebenza ngokubhuduzela kanye nezimiso zeHVAC
  • Izimoto zikagesi ezihamba ngezakhiwo
  • Izinto zokukha amanzi aphinde asetshenziswe namanzi emvula

Ngaphansi kwe- Isilinganiso esiphelele (umphumela kuze kube phakathi kuka-2023), amabhizinisi angasusa ngokushesha izindleko ezigcwele zezinto ezifanele, kuhlanganise nalezo ezisetshenziselwa izinjongo zendawo ezungezile. Nakuba lelolungiselelo lesikhashana seliphelile, inzuzo evamile yokubhala ngaphandle [[ kwezamabhizinisi amancane (umsebenzi u-$20 000 000) ayaqhubeka esebenza, futhi kunezingcingo zokuhamba okusheshayo kwenani eliluhlaza.

Izimiso Eziyinhloko Nezinyathelo Eziyinhloko Eziningi

Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo kusiza ekucaciseni ukuthi obani abafanelekelayo, yimiphi imisebenzi esekelwayo, nendlela izisusa ezisebenzelana ngayo nezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni.

Izivumelwano Zokulondoloza Intela Ziyakhishwa

Enye yezimiso ezintsha kakhulu zase-Australia ukuncishiswa kwentela yokungena ezivumelwaneni ezihlala zikhona. Ngaphansi kwe-30-275 ye-ITAA 1997, abanikazi bezindawo abanikela ngesivumelwano sokulondolozwa kwezwe labo kubanikeli besipho esingakholeki (DGR) banelungelo lokuncishiswa ngokulingana nenani eliphansi lentengo yentengo yemali yemali yezwe ebangelwa yisivumelwano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangasusa izindleko eziqhubekayo zokuphatha.

Lendlela iphumelele kakhulu ekuvikeleni imvelo enezinga eliphezulu ezweni langasese. Njengoba ukuncishiswa kusekelwe ekulahlekelweni kwentuthuko, kuvala abanikazi bezindawo ngokushiya isiqephu noma ukukhuculula — ukwenza idokodo elisekelwe emakethe elingadingi ukubekwa ngokuqondile. Izivumelwano zokulondolozwa kwemvelo ezingaphezu kuka-1 200 zimboze amahekthara angu-420 000 eAustralia, kusukela emahlathini aseVictoria emvula ensalini yaseQueensland.

Ukunakekela Indawo Esendaweni Nezikhungo Zokubuyisela Indawo Ezungezile

Amalungiselelo okunakekela iLand Land (amaphephandaba 40 no 43) avumela abakhiqizi abayinhloko ukuba basuse ngokushesha izindleko eziyinhloko zokuvimbela ukuncitshiswa komhlaba, njengezindawo zokulima, ukuvuleka, nokukhiqizwa kwezindawo zokulondolozwa kwezwe. Abakhiqizi abangabanga mthetho bangafuna futhi imingcele yemisebenzi yokubuyisela indawo ezungezile ehlangabezana nezindinganiso ezithile, kuhlanganise nokubuyisela izwe endaweni yalo yemvelo ngemva kokumbiwa kwemigodi noma ukusetshenziswa kwezemboni.

I-Australian Taxiation Office (ATO) inikeze isiqondiso esiningiliziwe salokho okufanelekelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, Ukuhlela kokuhlukanisa [ku-TR 2005/19, i-ATO icacisa ukuthi izindleko eziqhubekayo zokunakekela (njengesifutho) ngokuvamile ziyancipha, kuyilapho izindleko zokuqala zokumiswa kwendawo elondolozayo (njengesitshalo sesihlahla) zingaba inhloko futhi zidinge ukudingwa noma ukuphathwa ngokwehlukile. Abathelisi balulekwa ukuba babhale yonke imisebenzi ngokucophelela futhi bafune iseluleko sochwepheshe lapho behlela imisebenzi yokulungisa isilinganiso esikhulu.

Izitembu Zesitifiketi Samandla Esivuselelwayo (Intela Engaqondile)

Nakuba kungezona izikweleti zentela ngomqondo oqinile, izimiso zamandla ezivuselelwayo ze-Australia zisebenza njengezisusa zentela. I-Energy Attutic [RET], elawulwa yi-Cec Energy Regural, ikha izimakethe zezitifiketi ezimelela inani lendawo ezungezile lesizukulwane esivuselelwe. Lezi zitifiketi zingathengiselwa ezinswe ezindaweni ezifanele (abadayisi bogesi) ukuze bahlangabezane nezibopho zabo ngaphansi kwecebo.

Ku-injini zesilinganiso esincane, i-science Screenshocts zobuchwepheshe obuncane (STC]) inikeza intengo engaphambili entengo yokuthenga amabhodi angaphezulu kalanga, esebenza ngokuphumelela njenge-ebate. I-Union isekela le nzuzo ngesimiso sentela ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi iholo le-STC lithathwa njengelingakholeki, futhi inkokhelo etholakala ekudayiseni izitifiketi ayikhokhi ezindaweni eziningi.

Imisebenzi yesilinganiso esikhulu, Isikali seNkathi Enkulu Izitifiketi (LGC) idala umsinga weholo obalulekile. Nokho, inani le-LGC liye lehla eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yokukhuphuka okukhulu, ishukumisela uhulumeni ukuba acabangele izinguquko zenkambiso. Indima yeNdawo yezimali kulezi zinguquko ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intela eholwayo ihlala ingathathi hlangothi futhi ayidali ukuhlazi izindleko ezingafanele.

Izakhiwo Eziluhlaza Nezinto Ezingasasebenzi

INdawo yezimali isebenzise nesimiso sentela ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ezakhiweni zezentengiselwano nezezindawo zokuhlala. Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

  • Inombolo ye- ye-ARC ilinganisela ukuhlaziywa kwe- Amabhizinisi angasusa izindleko ekuthuthukiseni i-National Australian Environment Atting System (NABBS), njengokufaka i-HVAC esebenzayo noma ulawulo lokukhanyisa.
  • [ Ikhapita lisebenza intethelelo: Izindleko ezikhombayo ekwakheni noma ekuvuseleleni kabusha izakhiwo ezithengisayo ezingasebenzi amandla angatholakala nge 2,5% ngonyaka ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-40 ngaphansi kwe-Division 43.
  • impumelelo yamandla asekhaya: Abantu bangathola ingxenye yamandla abo asekhaya ahlobene nokusebenza ekhaya, nakuba lokhu kungesona isisusa esiqondile sendawo ezungezile.

Ngo-2024, uhulumeni wasungula i-Home Energy Upgrades Scheme , enikeza izilinganiso zentela ezikhokhiwe abaholi abafakwa ngaphakathi kwe-atrasting, impompa, nezimiso zamanzi ashisayo ashisayo. Ngenkathi isekhona, lokhu kubonisa ukushintshela ekusebenziseni isimiso sentela ukuqeda ubumpofu nokukhipha amandla ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukuhlola Okunethonya: Ukulinganisa Ukuphumelela

I - Australian National APPRISPUR (ANAO) ne - Parliament Beculture Becurition Office ziye zanyathelisa ukubukeza okuningi okuqokomisa imiphumela exubile.

Ngohlangothi oluhle, ukuncishiswa kwesivumelwano sokulondolozwa kwemvelo kuye kwandisa indawo evikelekile ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu esikhwameni somphakathi. Ucwaningo lwango - 2022 lwe - Australian Conservation Foundation lwalinganisela ukuthi ngemali ngayinye yentela, izivumelwano zaletha okungenani u - R2,50 ezinzuzo emphakathini ngokugwenywa kokukhishwa kwe - carbon, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lamanzi, nokuvikelwa kwendawo yokuhlala.

Izinhlelo zamandla ezivuselelwayo nazo ziye zashintsha. I-Australia manje inendawo ephakeme kakhulu ophahleni lwendlu yamuntu ethatha indawo emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesisusa se-STC. I-Mooreling isikisela ukuthi imiphumela ehlangene yezisusa zentela nezinhlelo zokugunyaza izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuvuselelwa ngo-20-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nokungabikho kwesisekelo esiqinile.

Nokho, izinselele zisele. Incazelo eqinile yezakhi zezwe yokunakekela i iphansi kakhulu phakathi kwabagcini-mhlaba abancane, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi nokungaqapheli. Incazelo ka-ATO eqinile yalokho okuhlanganisa “i-capital” vs. Izindleko zezwe zingabavimbela abafaki bezicelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugxekwa kwezesayensi yendawo ezungezile ngokweqiniso ukuthi izisusa eziningi zentela zincike phezulu kwenkokhelo kahulumeni, ukuveza ukuvotelelwa nokwehla kwenani eliphansi — ukukhokha intengo yezenzo ezizobe zingenzeka nje.

Ukubukeza kwango-2023 okwenziwa yi-Australian Treasurey ngokwayo kwavuma ukuthi umsebenzi wamanje wezisusa ezimbaxa-mbili awunakho ukuvumelana futhi watusa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Expenditure *** i-Environal Treaxitial Expenditure* ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonakala kahle futhi kuvunyelwe ukuhlaziywa okungcono kwezindleko. Lokhu kutusa kuye kwafakwa ngokwengxenye, futhi manje iMoondrenti ikhipha inkulumo yentela yaminyaka yonke ehlanganisa nezinyathelo zendawo ezungezile.

Iziyalezo Nezinguquko Zesikhathi Esizayo

Uhulumeni wase-Australia uye waphawula izinguquko eziningana ezinxuseni zentela yendawo ezungezile kumthetho ohlelwa e-Australia uhlelo lwenkambiso, olumenyezelwe kuHlanzeko loHlelo lwemali lwama-2024-25. Nakuba imininingwane egcwele isavela, iziqondiso eziyinhloko ezihlongozwayo zihlanganisa:

Ukwanda Kwemishini Yezimali Eluhlaza

I-Ethernal ihlola ibhizinisi lezivumelwano ezithengwa ngentela ukuze kulondolozwe imisebenzi eluhlaza, efana ne-US efanelekayo yesibopho esiluhlaza. Ngaphansi kwalesi siphakamiso, abanikazi bemali ababoshelwe intela eluhlaza abagunyaziwe bangathola intela ngemali yenzalo, kuyilapho abakhampayi bengathola intela eyengeziwe ngezindleko zemali encitshisiwe. Lokhu kungavula inhloko ngokomthetho ekulungiseni imvelo, izisekelo zamanzi, kanye nendawo yokugcina amandla avuselelwe.

Imvelo Ilungisa Intela

Ngemva kokudlula koMthetho Wokulungisa izindleko 2023, uhulumeni uthuthukisa izisusa zentela kumnini-mhlaba olungiselela izitifiketi zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngemisebenzi yokubuyisela evunyelwe. Umqondo uwukuvumela iholo lentela likhululeke, kuyilapho futhi livumela ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zokwenza izitifiketi. Lokhu kungafana nesakhi sokukhokhwa kwecarbon, lapho uhulumeni kakade enikeza khona intela ethandekayo e-Australian Cirbon Units (ACUs).

Ukuguqulwa Kwempi Kuzuzisa Intela Yokulawula Uhlaza

Okwamanje, imoto epakishwe umqashi iyinzuzo enkulu ekhanga i-FBT. Uhulumeni ucabangela ukukhulula izimoto zikagesi ezikhokhelwayo nezindawo zokugcina amabhayisekili ezisuka kwi-FBT, ukhuthaza abaqashi ukuba banikeze ezinye izindlela eziluhlaza zokupaka. Lokhu kungahlanganisa i-Car Disacontie [[[FLT:] [[FLT]] [ukukhulula izimoto zikagesi ezifanele), eyaqala ngo-2022.

Ukuqinisa Ukubambisana Nokugwema

Njengoba izisusa zentela ziyanda, nengozi yokusetshenziswa kabi. I-ATO isilokhu iveza ukukhathazeka okungakhokhwa “ngokugeza i-”, lapho abakhokhi bentela bethi izindleko zokulondolozwa kwemisebenzi enikeza inzuzo encane yendawo ezungezile. Izimali zisebenza ezindinganisweni zemithetho ukuze zidinge iziqinisekiso zesithathu zemali yenani eliphakeme, njengemisebenzi efuna ukuncishiswa kwemali egciniwe eLand. Lokhu kuyafana nezimfuneko ze-actific esemthethweni zemisebenzi ye-carbon crbon.

Ukukhathalela Okungokoqobo Abakhokhi Bentela

Kubantu ngabanye namabhizinisi afuna ukusebenzisa lezi zisusa, ukuhlela ngokucophelela kubalulekile.

  1. ihlela imisebenzi efanelekile: Hlola isiqondiso sika-ATO ezikweletini ezithile. Gcina ushintsho oluhambelanayo lwendawo ezungezile — inqubo yentela ishintsha ngokushesha e-Australia.
  2. nikeza umeluleki wentela ofanelekayo: izikweli eziningi zendawo ezungezile zihlanganisa inhloko- dolobha/ukuhlukanisa nokuhlangana nemithetho kahulumeni. Izeluleko zochwepheshe zingavimbela amaphutha abizayo.
  3. [[Umthetho:0] Uxwebhu lonke: [ Gcina amarekhodi anemininingwane ezindleko, imiphumela yendawo ezungezile, nanoma iziphi izincwadi zesiqinisekiso. I-ATO ingacela ubufakazi, ikakhulukazi ukusho okukhulu.
  4. Cwangcisa isikhathi: Ezinye izilinganiso (njengeziphetho zesikhashana ezigcwele) zinezinsuku zokushona kwelanga. Ezinye zifakwa minyaka yonke. Hlela izindleko ukuze uthuthukise izinzuzo.
  5. [ Accel intelligences ezihlangene: ingcuphe, izinhlangano zendawo ezungezile, kanye nezindawo zokuphatha indawo zingaba nezisusa ezengeziwe noma ukukhulula.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusebenzelana phakathi kwezisusa zentela zikahulumeni nezinhlelo zikahulumeni kungaba yinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, umnikazi we-pulani waseNew South Wales osayina i- u-Biodiversity Administration [ angafanelekela kokubili ukukhokha intela kahulumeni kanye nentela ekhokhiswayo kahulumeni. Ukuqonda imithetho yokupakisha kuyadingeka kakhulu ukugwema amalungiselelo angokomthetho.

Isiphetho: Indima Ebanzi Yomthetho Wezokulondolozwa Kwemvelo

Izimiso ze - Treasurer ye - Australia ezikhuthaza ukukhokhwa kwentela ekulondolozweni kwendawo ezungezile zimelela umzamo oyinkimbinkimbi wokuhlanganisa izisusa zezimali eziyimfihlo nemigomo engokwendawo ezungezile yomphakathi.

Kodwa izinselele ziyaqhubeka. Ubunkimbinkimbi besimiso sentela bungadumaza ukuthatha, futhi ingozi yemiphumela ephambene — njengokufuna izincopho zenani eliphansi noma ngisho nemisebenzi eyingozi — idinga ukuqapha njalo. Izinguquko zesikhathi esizayo kumele zijongise ekulula, ekuboneni, nasekuhloleni izindleko ezinkulu. Abenzi bemithetho bangabheka ezibonelweni zomhlaba wonke: i- ye-Ecteology Program[ kanye ne-United States’s Confective Everation Dectus [[FLT:]]

Kubafundisi nabafundi, lezimiso zinikeza ukuhlola okucebile kwezezimali ezisetshenziswayo kwezezomnotho. Zibonisa indlela ohulumeni abangasebenzisa ngayo ikhodi lentela hhayi nje ukuze bakhulise inzuzo, kodwa njengethuluzi lokuguqula isimiso. Njengoba i-Australia iqhubekela entweni yayo enenetha elingu-02050 futhi isebenzise i-Global Biodiversity Framework, indima kaNondyebo ekulungiseni indawo engokokulondoloza imvelo iyoba enzima kakhulu. Ukuqonda lamathuluzi namuhla kuhlomisela abaholi ukuba baklame abahlakaniphile, izimiso zendawo engcono kakhulu.

Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, sicela ubheke i-Australian Treasury’s Policy yeTaxil, iziqondiso zendawo ezungezile ze-Australia. [[FLT:] i-Australian Conservation Foundation futhi inikeza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokusebenza kwale mithetho yentela.