Ithonya leNdawo yezimali yase-Australia ekucwaningeni kwezesayensi nasekusunguleni kwezobuchwepheshe lidlulela ngalé kokudambisa nje izimali ezabelwe iPhalamende. Njengoba isikhungo esiyinhloko esiphethe icebo lokuhlela ukuhlelwa kwemali, ukuhlelwa kwendlela yokuhlela izimali, nenqubo yezomnotho, iNdawo yezimali yakha izakhiwo zezimali nezokuqondisa okwenza ukuba ziphithiphithiphithizene ngokwezimali zenza ukuba kwazi ukusungula kwezesayensi nocwaningo. Ukuqonda indlela i-Stock Society ehambelana ngayo nesayensi nohlobo lokucwaninga kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela i-Australia ekhokhela ngayo ukuncintisana kwayo esikhathini esizayo kwezomnotho kanye nokuchuma kwayo.

Isimiso Sesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe Esiphathelene Nemali

I-Expenditure Review Committee (ERC), okuyindawo ephambili yezihlalo zomthetho zikahulumeni. Imali ngayinye echithwa ezinhlangano zokucwaninga, izisusa zentela zebhizinisi i-R&D, noma izimali ezihlangeneyo kumelwe idlule ngokuhlola okunzima kwe-Expenditure Review Committee (ERC), okuyindawo yezihlalo zothengisela imali. Le ndawo inikeza i-Mooral igunya elikhulu kakhulu lokulawula nokukhuphula kwesayensi yase-Australia.

Uhlelo Lohlelo Lohlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwemali Nezinto Eziza Kuqala Zokucwaninga Kwesizwe

Ukuxhasa isayensi kanye nentuthuko kunqunywa ngomjikelezo wemali waminyaka yonke, owenezelwa yiMid- Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook (MEFO). Izitatimende eziyinhloko ze-portfolios . Instrustry neScience, Health and Elder Care, Defence, nemfundo (ukuhloniphiswa kwemali) ukuncintisana kwalokhu ngokusekela ukuxhaswa kwezimali. Ikota ihlola imithetho engokongalinganisa izinto eziza kuqala, okuphikisanayo, okunezimo zezomnotho. Imali ephambili engu-2023-24 eyabelwa ngaphezu kwe R&D, nakuba ukusakazwa kwalemali kuveza izinto eziza kuqala zikahulumeni, kusukela ekusebenziseni i-quantam enziweyo nokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa ukuze i-hydrogen nokucwaninga kwezokwelapha.

Inqubo yokuzithobisa yangaphambi kwempoqo yenza ukuba abantu abacwaninga kakhulu, njenge-Australian Academy of Science ne-Group of 8, bafune izimali ezithile ezibotshelelweyo. Ukusabela kweNdawo yezimali kulokhu kuthobela kuvame ukuguqula ukubhalwa okuhle kwenqubo yokucwaninga yesizwe.

Ukumiswa Kwemithetho Kahulumeni Nokuguqulwa Kwendlela

Igunya eliyinhloko lezimali liwukuveza intuthuko enkulu yezobuchwepheshe nokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yabantu base-Australia. Ukucwaninga kwezesayensi nokusungula izinto kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni komkhiqizo. I-Moove ye- i-International Report 2023 ichaza ngokucacile intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukisa izinto njengokulawula ukuchuma kwesikhathi esizayo. Nokho, i-Mooral ilawula ukuqina kwezomnotho. Uma ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphakeme, njengoba kuye kwaba kusukela ngo-2022, i-Mondayle yesidingo sokutshala imali ekwandiseni i-R&D ngokumelene nesidingo somthetho we-figralitio ukuze igweme ukwenezela ukucindezela okufunwayo. Nokho, ukucindezeleka kuyinselele yesayensi yamanje.

Ukuxhasa Ngokuqondile Izinhlangano Zokucwaninga Zesizwe

Indlela ebonakala kakhulu isayensi yezimali zezimali zezimali ingeyokuhlobisa izinhlangano zokucwaninga zaminyaka yonke. Lezi ziphakamiso zabelwa phakathi kwezimiso zemali futhi zisemqoka ekusebenziseni isilinganiso somthetho kanye nokulandisa okubekwe yi-Coral Baccommilic Division.

UMkhandlu Wokucwaninga WaseAustralia (ARC)

I- i-Australian Research Council (ARC) iyindikimba eyinhloko yokucwaninga okungaphiliyo. Izimali ezabelwe i-RC cishe izigidi ezingu-RC ngo-2023-24. Lezimali zisekela i-Dificurey Program[ [ukucwaninga ngezimali], Isimiso sokuhloba i-ARC] [[[FLT:]] [inani eliyizigidi ezingu-2023] [i-24] (inani eliyi-inani eliphambili lemali), kanye [i-[FLT] ne-octivesly Activestions yokucwaninga [[FLTLD]]. Inquiso yobuchwepheshe ibonelela i-untanga, kodwa i-injini ye-'ARC, kodwa inikeza iziqondiso zemali zenani lezwe elinjalo, futhi i-AUS.

I - National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)

Impilo nokucwaninga kwezokwelapha kuthola ukusekela okubalulekile kweTreeter. Imali ye-National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) yokuhlela imali ngo-2023-24 yayiphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-$974. Ngaphezu kwemitapo eqondile, i-Moolementmentations isungule iNgxowa-mali yeSimo Sexesha elizayo (MFLT) [MFLT)] ngo-2015, imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-202 zemali egciniwe. Imali evela eMRFFF, esakazwa nguMwe i-Hemetersment of Health, inikezelwe ukucwaninga ngezezokwelapha. I-MFFFS yindlela isebenzise ngayo ubuchwepheshe lwemali ekuhlelelweni kwemali ngonyaka. Imali esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwemikhampaza ukuculwa kwemishwa kweminyango, ukucukulwa kweze ye-Emoup, ne-Emomes.

ICSIRO Ne - Cooperative Research Centres (CRCs)

I-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) ithola i-Union eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-R3 ngonyaka nge-Indali yezezentengiselwano nezesayensi yezesayensi. Indima yeCSIRO ekucwaningeni okusetshenziswayo, ukuhwebelana, nezakhiwo zesizwe (njenge-Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder) iwumphumela oqondile wokusekela okuqinile kwezezimali. I-CRCRC, ehloba abacwaningi ngemboni yezemboni ukuxazulula izinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ixhomeke ezinkokheni yemali yemali yemali. Imali ye-CRCRC program inesizo oluphansi (cishe izigidi ezingu-70 ngonyaka) kodwa inenzuzo ephakeme yezomnotho, ibonisa isithakazelo esiphambili sezentengo yomphakathi yezemali yezemisebenzi yabantu.

Ukucwaninga Nentuthuko (RDTI)

Ukucwaninga nentengiso yentela ephuhlisiwe kungu-[RDTI] uhlelo lukahulumeni oluyedwa olukhulu kakhulu lokusekela i-R&D e-Australia. Kubiza imali elinganiselwa ku-R3,000 000 000 ngonyaka ngokudela intela [1]a eyaziwa njengezindleko zentela. I-Mooral ilawula imingcele yemithetho ye-RDTI, iyisebenzisela ukuguqula ukutshala inzuzo yengxenye ethile.

Izilinganiso Ezikhangayo Nezingathandeki

I-RDTI inikeza inhlawulo yentela yemisebenzi efanelekile ye-R&D. Ikhampani enethuba elihlukaniswe elingaphansi kwezigidi ezingu-20 ingathola i-ofu yentela engenakukhokhwa [ ngesilinganiso semali echithwayo yemali ewuhlwele ye-R3,5 [R1] ngenani lenkampani echithwayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nesiqalo esingasizisizi-mali singathola imali evela eHholweni lentela yase-Australia (ATO). Izinkampani ezinkulu zingena ebhankingeni eliphansi elithengisiwe ngesilinganiso senkampani ekhokhelwayo [ kanye nenani lentela (inani elikhona manje elingu-20,5,5,5,5, [inani elihambisana nenani lenkampani lentela)].

Ubuqotho Nezinguquko Ezisekelayo

Ukuphumelela kwe-RDTI kuye kwaba yindaba yokuhlola kakhulu i-Mooral. I-King Review (2016) kanye ne-Ferris Review (2020) yomibili itusa ukungazinzi okuqinile ukuqinisekisa izisusa ezisekela izicelo eziqotho ezisekela ukucwaninga okusha kunemisebenzi yezebhizinisi evamile. I-Mooral yaphendula ngokukhipha umthetho wokususa imisebenzi enjengentuthuko ye-software evamile, ukucwaninga ngobunjiniyela, nokucwaninga ngemakethe. Ihhovisi le-Australian Treaxistration eliqinile lizibopha izimfuneko [ manje lihlanganisa izindleko zomsebenzi, ukubhaliswa kwaphambili kwezicelo ezinkulu, kanye namapulani amaningi. Lezinguquko ziye zanciphisa inani labazibosheli abazisholo kodwa ukunyuka kobungako, zihlela uhlelo olune kakhulu ngesifiso sokwenezela isimilo sokuziphatha.[FLCPrison kulokhu kuguqula inqubo ekhona.

Izinhlelo Ezihlelekile Zokuba Namandla Okubusa

I - Treasurer isebenzisa izimoto ezinikezelwe zokutshala imali ukuze isekele ukusungulwa kwezingxenye ezibhekwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu ekulondekeni kwesizwe nasekuzinzeni kwezomnotho.

I - National Reconstruction Fund (NRF)

Imali e-National Reconstructon Fund ye-National Fund [NRF][NF], emenyezelwe kunyuswa kwemali engu-2022-23, imelela ushintsho olukhulu endleleni yezimali zezimali zokusungula izimali. Kunokuba nje i-NRF inikeze imali, isiqinisekiso, nokutshala izimali. I-NRF yangaphambili iphinde ifakwe izindawo eziyisikhombisa: ukuvuselelwa nokwehla kwemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe, isayensi yezokwelapha, i-opera inani lempahla, isivikelo, isiphephelo, isiphephelo, kanye nokudla. I-NRF ihlela i-NRF ukuze ithuthukise ukubuya kokutshala izimali, ukukhiqiniswa kwezakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo. Lesibonelo siklanyelwe ukunqotshwa "uhlunga ukufa" ekukhiqini kwezelweni kwezentengo yobuchwepheshe.

U - AUKUS Nokwenqatshelwa Kokubuyiselwa Kwezinto

Ubudlelwane be-AUKUS Buye bashintsha ngokuphawulekayo isayensi yokuxhasa i-calculus. Uhulumeni wanika amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-4,5 ukuze kufezwe i-AUKUS, kuhlanganise ne-R1,5 yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-R1,5 ku-Australian Submarine Agency. U-AUTUS Pillal II ugxila ebucikweni obuthuthukile: ukushintshwa kwemisebe, i-quantam, i-aquumment, ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, namandla ekhona ngaphansi kwempi. I-Monday iye yasungula izimali ezikhethekile, njenge-Australianfence Innovation Hub ne-The Sevetional Technicologies Fund, ukuhambisa imithombo ezindaweni. Lokhu kumelela ukuhlukahlukahluka kwemisebenzi yesizwe yezentengo yokucwaninga ne-yonke i-RD, kanye neziciso yemisebenzi ye-equmfo ye-yunivesithi.

Ikusasa Elakhiwe E - Australia Agenda

Uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali ka-2023-24 lwenza i "Indlela Esungulwe e-Australia", iqoqo lezimiso eliklanyelwe ukukhanga ukutshala amandla aluhlaza nokukhiqiza okuthuthukile. I-Money yenza izimakethe zasekuqaleni eziyizigidi ezingu-R2,6 kuloluhlelo, kuhlanganise nohlelo lwe-Lolar Sunshot lwezigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-R350 ukuze kwenziwe ibhethri, kanye nezigidi zamaRandi ezingu-3 eziyizigidi ezingu-35 ze-quantam computing. I-um compatem i-intellimenti yezenkambiso yezeli idingeka ekuthatheni izinzuzo zezomnotho ze-nethi yembulunga yonke. Lokhu kumele ukuhlenga ukusuka ku-paradigm yenkambiso yezelo yezente kanye ne-make yezentengiselwano edayisayo ekhona kuphela.

Umphumela Wezomnotho Nokuphawuleka Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Ukuze kuhlolwe inzuzo ekhona ekusunguleni kwayo, i-University iqondisa i-R&D eAustralia ngokumelene nophawu lwezizwe futhi ihlola iqhaza lesayensi ekukhiqizeni nasekuhwebeni.

Ukuqothulwa Kwe - R&D E - OECD

I-Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) njengephesenti le-GDP ime cishe ku-1.8%, ngaphansi kakhulu kwe-OECD isilinganiso sika-2.7%. Okukhathaza kakhulu kwezezimali izinga eliphansi le-Business Expenditure nge-R&D (BERD), eyehhlohlohlose ku-1.38% ye-GDP ngo-2009 ku-09 ku-0.9% ku-201-2222. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izindleko zemali zemali yemali engenisa imali eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-RDTI zaminyaka yonke azibaleki engxenyeni eyimfihlo ye-R&D. [[FLD] i-PUctivectived Coult Commentations]

Ibhizinisi Negebe Lokucwaninga Lokuhumusha

I-Australia yenza ngokunamandla ekucwaningeni okukhiqizweni − iveza i 4% yezincwadi zokucwaninga zomhlaba ngenani labantu bomhlaba kuphela. Nokho, iphansi ekuthengiseni lokhu kucwaninga. I-Otherine iphawule leligebe lokuhumusha njengelidonsa umkhiqizo. Ekuphenduleni, iye yasekela izinhlelo ezifana [ i-Troblezerities Program Udwebo lwezentengiselwano Program [$242,7 000]) yokwakha isayensi yohwebo phakathi kwamayunivesithi ne [[FLT] Industry Programme[FLT] [FLT] ukusekela ukuqala kokukhiqizwa kwezeliziwe. Lezinhlelo zokuzama ukubuyisela izisusa ezimpompompo zabacwaningi kanye nezokuhwelisa amabhizinisi ezisebenzela ezisene.

Iziteshi Zokuhlela Imali Nekusasa Lokucwaninga

Naphezu kokukhuluma okukhethekile, iNondyebo ibhekene nokuncishiswa okuphawulekayo ekusekeleni nasekuthuthukiseni imali yesayensi. Ukuswelakala kwemali yokwakha, izindleko zokuzivikela, nokucindezela okwandayo kokunakekela asebegugile, izinkonzo zokukhubazeka (NDIS), kanye nezimali zempilo kudala umncintiswano omkhulu nganoma yiliphi idollar elizimele.

Inkinga Yokonga Nezindleko Zokucwaninga Zaseyunivesithi

I-Universities System yokugcina yombiko (2024) yaqokomisa ukuthi ukucwaninga okungaphezulu kukhangwa kakhulu. I-Prefession Service Program kahulumeni inikeza amaphesenti angu-30 kuphela amaholo okusekela ukucwaninga, kuyilapho izindleko zangempela zilinganiselwa ku-50-60% zezindleko zokucwaninga. Lokhu kusho amayunivesithi anqamule intengo yabafundi yamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe, . .Imali ye-Monday beyinqikaza ukwandisa izindleko zemali ephezulu ye-fiscal, naphezu kwesivumelwano esaba kakhulu sokuthi ngaphansi kwentengo yokucwaninga ilimaza izinga lezentengo.

Ukuncipha Kwamandla Emali Nokuqina Kwezinto Eziyigugu

Isibalo sangemva kokwehla kwamandla emali siye saphoqelela iNdawo yemali ukuba i-Mooral iqinise i-piste fiscal. Empeleni, izimali eziningi zesayensi ziyancipha. Uhlelo lwemali lwe-ARC luye lwahlala luyisicaba iminyaka eminingi, okusho ukuthi ukuphumelela kwayo ekuthengeni amandla okuthenga ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali. Ukugxila kwe-Moolenti yokubuyisela imali ekwandiseni esikhathini esifushane kudala, inhloko - dolobha ebekezelayo edinga isayensi. I-Intereneraticleancy Report iyavuma ukuthi lokhu kucindezeleka, isho ukuthi ukuthengiselwa kwemali enhloko - dolobha yomuntu nobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ekulondolozeni inzuzo esikhathini esizayo, ngisho noma idinga ukwehla kwemali esikhathini esifushane.

Ubuhlobo Obuqhubekayo Phakathi Kwezimali, Imboni, Ne - Academia

Ucwaningo olungokwesiko lweziphakamiso nolweziphendu-mfundama lunezelwe ngesimiso esiqondiswe kakhulu, indlela yokuthunywa. I-operal ifuna ubufakazi obukhulu bethonya, ukubambisana, nokuhleleka kwesizwe ngezamazo zokucwaninga abazamukelayo. Ucwaningo lwe-Implifict and Benicement (RIA) uhlelo lwe-ARC, lulawula uhlelo lwe-ARC, lubonisa ukulandisa okuhambisana nemithetho ye-oral ye-operation. Imboni-intellimentine ifaka kakhulu ekuhlonisweni, futhi izinhlelo ezifana ne-Cooperative Research Centers (CRC) neprojectes zidinga imali efana neminikelo efana neminikelo ehlangeneyo kwezebhizinisi. Lokhu kuveza imibandela yezentengo efuna ukubuyisa imali emalini ehlwini yonke ehlwini yezomnotho.

Uma sibheka phambili, isibopho seNjenganiso se-AUKUS neSikhathi sesikhathi Esizayo e-Australia asiyikho nje ukunquma ikhono le-Australia lokulawula inguquko yezomnotho. Ukwethembeka kwe-RDTI, ukusungulwa kwe-NRF, ukuxhaswa kwezimali zezenyuvesi, nokuqondisa okusemqoka kwe-AUKUS kanye ne-Facebook ehlelweni ye-Australia akuzona nje izinto ezisemgqemeni wemali efinyelelwe. Ziyizimpawu eziphambili zesifiso sesizwe sokuba intengo encintiswaneni, izomnotho ezisekelwe elwazini. Ukuqonda indlela iNdawo yemali esebenza ngayo, isithiyo esiwundayo, nezimiso zayo zokulawula izinhlelo zayo kubalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna ithonya noma inzuzo ekuthengeni kwe-Australia emkhayeni yesayensi nakusungulwa kwesayensi.