Ukuqonda Indima Yohulumeni Bendawo Ekusekeleni Imisebenzi Yamandla Evuselelwayo

Ohulumeni bendawo baqashelwa kakhulu njengabashayeli ababalulekile benguquko yamandla embulunga yonke. Nakuba izimiso zezwe zibeka izisulu ezibanzi futhi izivumelwano zomhlaba wonke zichaza imigomo emide, kusezingeni likamasipala nesifundazwe lapho imisebenzi yamandla evuselelwayo ivunyelwa khona, ixhaswe, futhi yakhiwa. Le minyovu eseduze nezakhamuzi namabhizinisi inikeza iziphathimandla zendawo ikhono eliyingqayizivele lokuqonda izidingo zomphakathi, ukwenza izimiso ezizohlanganisa indawo ethile nezomnotho, futhi zisebenzise izinhlelo ezinemiphumela eqondile nengalawulekiyo. Ukuhileleka kwazo kungasheshisa ukushintshwa kwemithombo yamandla, ukunciphisa ukukhuphuzwa kwekhabhoni, ukuthuthukisa intuthuko kwezomnotho, nokuthuthukisa impilo yomphakathi ngokuncishiswa kwemithombo yemivundla. Ngokufushayo, impumelelo yamandla avusekuvuselelwa kakhulu, ukuzimisela, ukuzimisela nokusebenza kohulumeni bendawo.

Okwenza Ohulumeni Bendawo Badinge

Ohulumeni bendawo bavame ukuhlanganisa isilinganiso sikahulumeni abaseduze nabantu. Lokhu kusondelana kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezibucayi ekuthuthukiseni amandla avuselelekayo. Okokuqala, kuvumela ukuba kwenziwe izinqumo ezilungiswe kahle. Isimiso esisebenza ezindaweni eziminyene zasedolobheni singahluleka ekuvuselelweni kwamandla anamandla. Okwesithathu, izikhulu zendawo zingazivumela izinhlelo zokufanelanisa izakhiwo zendawo zokuhlala, izisekelo zezakhiwo zomphakathi, nezindinganiso zomphakathi. Okwesibili, uhulumeni wendawo unegunya eliqondise ngokomthetho ekusetshenzisweni, imigaqo yemithetho yokwakha, futhi ukuvumela izakhiwo ezinamandla kakhulu zokuvuselela amandla okutholwa. Okwesithathu, izinhlangano ezithenjwayo. Izakhamuzi zingahlanganyela kakhulu ekuhlanganyeleni inzuzo yendawo yendawo, noma inzuzo yezindawo zokuhlala uma zinikezwa idolobha. Okokugcina, izakhiwo zezomnotho zendawo ziyavuselela amandla ekwakheni, izakhiwo zezindawo zokuthengwa futhi zincishiswe izakhiwo zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo, futhi zithola amandla amapulazimende, noma yimuphi uhulumeni bendawo futhi uhulumeni wendawo omphakathi omphakathi omphakathi omphakathi omphakathi owe.

Izindima Eziyinhloko Zohulumeni Bendawo

Ohulumeni bendawo bangathatha izindima eziningi ekuthuthukiseni amandla avuseleleka. Izindawo eziphumelela kakhulu ezihlanganisa lemisebenzi eminingi nenqubo ehambisanayo, ngokuvamile esekelwa ihhovisi elisekelayo noma inqubo yesimo sezulu. Ngezansi kunezindawo eziyinhloko lapho isenzo sendawo sibangela khona ithonya elikhulu.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezomthetho Nokuzingela

Mhlawumbe indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukusungulwa kwezimiso zezindawo nezimiso ezisusa izithiyo futhi zinikeze izindlela ezicacile zokufakwa kabusha. Imithetho yokulungisa ingavuselelwa ukuze kuvunyelwe amabhodi aneziphethu ezizungeza ilanga nemishini yomoya ezindaweni ezifanele, ukubeka amabanga amancane noma amanqamu enguquko emizini emikhulu, nokuvikela ukufinyelela kwemithetho yemithetho yelanga evimbela ukuguquka kokukhanya ekwakhiweni okusha. Amadolobha amaningi athathe amaqoqo ama-plangarange [[FLT: 0] amashadreeeved [ amasuntslay] amagede okwakha adinga amakhaya amasha nezindawo zokufulela uphahla ukuze abe nezindawo zesikhathi esizayo zezindawo ezizungeza ilanga. Amanye amaplanethi abheka phambili akhiphe ngisho nezimiso zamandla amadethi anamandla okwakha, njengalawo Washington, nalawo madolobha amaningi. Kodwa uhulumeni athumela umbawo omhlaba omhlaba omhlaba ovukile, ungenisa isilinganiso sesilinganiso sezindawo semuva sezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zesikhashana, esivuleka kakhulu.

Izindleko Zezimali

Ohulumeni bendawo bangasebenzisa igunya labo lokuhlela imali kanye nekhono lokunikeza izisusa ezingokwezimali ezinciphisa izindleko eziphambili zamandla avuselelwe. Amathuluzi avamile ahlanganisa intela efanelekile yentela [ ezimisweni zezelanga nezomoya, ukuntengisa intela (lapho kuvunyelwe khona), ukukhokhela izinhlangano zomphakathi, kanye nezinhlelo eziphambili zezindawo zamakhaya nabaholi. Izindlela ezinkulu kakhulu ze-[FLT:] i-Proctivessce Ener Energy Energy (PACE) [[FLT])[FLT], izimali ezivumela abani bempahla ukuba ikhokhele izindleko zokuthengwa kwentela ezikhona, ngokuhlola intela yentela phakathi kweminyaka eminingi. Izindawo eziningi zezindawo zendawo zezindawo zendawo zezindawo zezindawo zendawo, futhi ezikhona kanye nezimali ezikhona ezikhona kakhulu, futhi ezikhona kanye nezimali ezinhlahleni ezinkulu zezindawo ezikhona. [eziningi]

Ukutshala Imali

Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo abazona nje izilawuli kodwa futhi abanikazi nabasebenzisi bezindawo ezinkulu nezakhiwo zemvelo. Lokhu kubanikeza ithuba lokuhola ngesibonelo ngokutshala amandla aqondile. Izakhiwo zikaMasipala, izikole, izindawo zokupaka amanzi, nezindawo zokupaka izimoto zingaba nezindawo ezinamazambane. Indawo ezitshalwe edolobhana ingasetshenziswa noma isetshenziswe emapulazini angaphandle, ama-turbine, noma ama-othermageoma. Amanye amadolobha aye athatha izindinganiso zamandla avuselelwe kabusha [izindawo zokuthutha amafutha] ngenxa yokusebenzisa ugesi wawo kuphela, awenza avuse amandla okuvuselela amandla kamasipalame ngenxa yemisebenzi kamasipalame enziwayo ezindaweni ezingcono kakhulu. I-Atlantalam, ngokwesibonelo, izakhiwo zezindawo eziphambili zezindawo ezisemuva zezindawo zezindawo zemvelo ezitholakalayo ezisezindaweni ezisezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu, futhi ezingenisa inzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu zezindawo ezingaphezulu kakhulu zezindawo zezindawo eziphansi zezindawo eziphansi zezindawo eziphansi zezulu.

Imfundo Yomphakathi Nengxenye Yomphakathi

Ukuze bathole ukutholwa okusakazeke kakhulu, ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe bafake futhi izimali ekukhuliseni ukuqapha nokwakha isisekelo somphakathi. Izakhamuzi eziningi namabhizinisi amancane azijwayelene nezomnotho, ezobuchwepheshe, nenqubo yokufakwa amandla avuselelwe. Ohulumeni bendawo bangagcwalisa leligebe ngamashadi ngezindawo zokusebenzela, nge- - Internet, imithombo yamandla, nama-asciences asekhaya. Icebo elisebenzayo kakhulu kukwakheka [[FLD:] i-cop [[FLD] [[FWAT]] noma ukuthenga okungaxhakathiwe kakhulu, okusebenzisa amandla okuhlanganisa amaqembu okuthenga amanani aphansi emali ezinto zokufaka izakhiwo. AmaDolotten eMilwaukee, iWisconsin, i-Unice, ne-Salt City, iphumelela kakhulu ekufakweni kwezindawo ezihlala izakhamuzi zelanga kanye nezingalomendo zomphakathi, futhi iyakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukuzuza amandla ezindaweni ezihlala kuwo. Uma kusiza izakhamuzi ezihlalane, izinzuzo zezindawo ezivamile zomphakathi futhi zithola inzuzo zomphakathi, uma kusiza izakhamuzi

Ubudlelwane

Akukho hulumeni wendawo ongenza lokhu kuphela. Ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kwamandla avuselelwayo ngokuvamile kudinga ukubambisana nabathuthukisi bomuntu siqu, izinhlangano ezingazuzisi, iziphakamiso, nezinhlangano zikahulumeni. Isibonelo esivamile sobuhlobo yi- i-Purchase Augment (PPA)[FLT], lapho idolobha lithenga ugesi okhishwe engxenyeni yelanga noma umoya weqembu lesithathu, ngaphandle kokukhokha izindleko eziphambili. Enye i-Pluerounce i-Proultractive Commony Agliv [C] [FLT] [FLT] [FFF] [FLT] [1] [FFFFF:3], osetshenziswa kakhulu eCalifornia naseMassachusewase, lapho ukuthengwa kukagesi okuvelayo kwezakhamuzi zezindawo ezithile zezindawo ezisezindaweni ezihlalane. Ngokufunze ngogesi, kuhlanganisa khona izifunda zezindawo zedolobha eliphansi, futhi kungene i-odwa kakhulu, i-osenyuka nezindawo zezindawo

Izinselele Ohulumeni Bendawo Ababhekene Nazo

Naphezu kwamathuluzi anamandla asetshenziswayo, ohulumeni bendawo babhekana nezithiyo ezinkulu ekusekeleni amandla avuselelekayo. Inselele evamile yimali elinganiselwe. Omasipala abaningi basebenza ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa okuqinile, ngezimali ezinganwebekanga ukuze bahlanganise izisebenzi ezintsha, izisusa, noma izakhiwo ezinkulu. Isikhulu esisodwa esinikezelwe esisekelayo singazenza umhlaba ube nesiphithiphithiphithi-mehluko, kodwa izifunda zezindawo ezingakhokhwa. Inkinga yesibili iwukukwazi ukukhokha impoqoka. Emazweni amaningi, imibuso eminingi, imithetho yamandla yakhona ilinganiselwe kakhulu ngenxa yemithetho elawulayo izinhlelo zikahulumeni ezilawula izinhlelo ezisebenza imbutho zomphakathi. Izimiso zezindawo eziningi ezivamile, iyakwazi ukuvimbela izinhlelo zezindawo ezithile zezindawo ezivamile, izikhali ezisezincane nezincane zezindawo ezisemasikweni noma izikhalini ezisezingenile. Izinhlelo zezindawo zokuhlala phansi kwezindawo ezisemkhathine, izinhleloni ezisezincane kakhulu, izinhlelo ezisezingeni ezisezingeni ezinkulu ezinkulu ezinkulu ezinkulu ezinkulu, izikhulu zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo eziseduze,

Izibonelo Zokuthatha Izindawo Ngempumelelo

Emhlabeni wonke, amadolobha nezigaba ezihlukahlukene ziye zabonisa ukuthi imigomo yamandla efuna ukuvuselelwa ingenzeka.

ISan Diego, eCalifornia

ISan Diego ivame ukukhonjwa njengomholi wezwe enkambisweni kamasipala kasomasipala. Leli dolobha liye lasebenzisa i-sotran parmical i-Flar Treastboard enqabela ukuvunywa kwe-Miramar. Njengomphumela, i-San Diegoeve ibone ukwanda okuphawulekayo emhlabeni wophahla, kanye namandla angaphezu kwekhulu endlu yomhla nelanga abekwe ngo-2023. I-Creat ye-Creast Explustrand (umthetho kazwe) futhi isebenza i-odate-gazi ezindaweni zayo ze-Miramarmar. Njengomphumela, i-San Diegodieve ibone ukwanda okuphawulekayo emhlazangeni wophahla, kanye namandla emhlazangeni womhlaba abekwe ngo-2023. I-Climate Ppat ebekwe nge-octives.

ICopenhagen, eDenmark

Isifiso seCopenhagen sokuba inhloko - dolobha yokuqala yomhlaba yecarbon-neutral ngo-2025 siqhutshwa kakhulu yinqubo kahulumeni wendawo kanye nokutshala izimali. Idolobha lifake imishini emikhulu yokufudumeza umoya osuka ogwini, ihlanganise izimiso zesifunda ezisebenzisa i-biomass nempompa yokushisa, futhi igunyaze isilinganiso samandla aqinile ekwakhekeni kwezakhiwo ezintsha. Nakuba umgomo wama-2025 ungase udinge ukuthengwa kwamandla eCopenhagen futhi usebenzise amandla ayo siqu, ukwenze ukutshala izakhiwo ezivusene. Idolobha futhi libophele nezakhamuzi ngezimali zokusebenzisa imali ehlukene kanye nokubambisana, linikeza izakhamuzi isigxobo esiphaka esiphelweni somoya nesemigqoko. Nakuba umgomo wama-2025 udinga ukuthengwa, umzamo kakade usencipheke ngokunciphiswa ngesilinganiso esingu-80% se-2005%, ukukhomba kwemisebenzi yedolobha eliseduze.

IBoulder, eColorado

I-Boulder ibiphambili ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla endaweni yakhona okuvuselelwayo amashumi eminyaka. Ngo-20, idolobha lasungula i- i-Act Act Plan [ ixhaswe yinzuzo ye-uthority franchise nentela kagesi. Isikhwama sisekela izinhlelo eziningi zezinhlelo, kuhlanganise nokuvuselelwa kwezimoto ze-atrandrogen nogesi, kanye nohlelo oluphumelelayo lwe-at solar cop. I-Boulder futhi yadlala indima enkulu ekuqhubeni inzuzo yayo yendawo esebenzayo ne-egracractive (ieeg) ne-octive Energydssssss, futhi ngemva kokwenza imishini engcono, i-BMerceroult, i-octive enziwayo i-octivesting [FF:] i-Fogn i-Foctivesss.[3] i-evolustration, iyaqhubeka ngogesi, iveza amandla emithombo engcono ka-e

Freiburg, eJalimane

Idolobha laseFreiburg eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeJalimane linikeza isibonelo sesimiso samazwe ngamazwe sokuvuselelwa kwamandla akhona ngokunamandla. Ngokuthuthukisa kwayo isifunda (umz., iVauban neRieweltd), iFreiburg igunyaze amapalishi elanga ezindlini eziningi ezintsha, izimiso zamandla amaphayona, futhi yakha i-patelenterter ekhiqiza ingxenye kagesi wayo ehlangene kakhulu kugesi ovela kugesi welanga, hydro, kanye ne-biobiomas. Isibopho eside sedolobha elinaso samuva kunyaka ka-70 //8) sadala impucuko yokulondolozwa nokuchuma kwemboni yendawo. Uhulumeni wendawo kaFreiburg uye wafaka futhi ekuthuthweni okukhulu kwamandla ebhayisekeni. I-carbonbon .

Isiphetho

Ohulumeni bendawo abawona nje amathuluzi esimiso sezwe nesizwe; babalulekile ekuvuseleleni amandla kanye nezikhawu ezikhona embulungeni yonke ukuze kuvuselelwe. Ngenqubo yokuthuthukisa imbulunga yonke, izisusa zezimali, ukutshala izakhiwo eziqondile, imfundo yomphakathi, kanye nokubambisana okuhleliwe, bangabangela ushintsho ngesivinini nangezinga lezo izingozi zesimo sezulu ezifunwa yizakhamuzi. Ukusondela kwazo ezakhamuzini, ukulawula ukusetshenziswa komhlaba, namandla ezindaweni ezikhona, kanye nekhono lokuhlanganisa amathuluzi amaningi ahlukile nangenakuphinde abuye asetshenziswe. Nakuba izinselele ezinjengezemali elinganiselwe, imingcele engokomthetho, nokuphikisa komphakathi kukhona, inani elikhulayo lezenzo eziphumelelayo zendawo kubonisa ukuthi lezi zingakwazi ukunqotshwa ngezenzo ezinamandla kanye nokusungula izinto. I ezikhona kakade, kumelwe sisekele ngokugcwele futhi sisekele ohulumeni bendawo kanye nezindawo zabo, imithombo yemisebenzi, imfuthoba nezimiso zemisebenzi, idinga ukuhleleka kahle, ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano zezindawo zomphakathi, izinhlangano zezindawo ezingoko ezingoko ezingoko ezikhona. [[5] Advolunywa amazwe asezindaweni ezisemuva] [5],[10] kanye nezi