Buyini Ubuwula?

I-dvocacy ibhekisela ezenzweni zangamabomu ezithathwa ukuthonya inkambiso yomphakathi, ukwabiwa kwezimpahla, noma ukwenza izinqumo phakathi kwezimiso zezombangazwe, zezomnotho, nezezenhlalo. Ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi ehlukahlukene . Ukukhuthaza izishayamthetho nokuhlela imikhankaso yomphakathi yokuqhuba ukucwaninga nokulungisa inkulumo yasobala. Ngaphakathi, ukuqamba izigebengu kunikeza izwi kulabo okungenzeka ukuthi abangaziqondi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso zibonisa izidingo nezindinganiso zemiphakathi yabantu abahlukahlukene. Ukulawula amaqembu angobangenisi abangochwepheshe; abantu ngabanye, amaqembu otshani, izinzuzo, namabhizinisi awenza angenele ekuthuthukeni kwezimbangela ezithile noma izithakazelo ezithakazelweni ezithakazelweni ezithile. Ukusebenza okungoko kunezimpande eziphambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo zezakhamuzi nezokubukisa, futhi kungenele ukuhlanganisa ulwazi oluphambili, ukuhlaziya ulwazi oluqinile, ukuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa ulwazi, ukuhlanganisa i-Underlytic tractives.

Izici Zokufundiswa Okuphumelelayo

Impikiswano ephumelelayo esekelwe ezingxenyeni eziningana eziyisisekelo. Okokuqala, incazelo ecacile [ iveza inkinga noshintsho lwenkambiso. Okwesibili, iveza izimpikiswano ezisekelwe ekwakhekeni [ emkhakheni othembekile, ukucwaninga, nezibonelo zezwe. [[[FLT:] wesithathu, [[FLT:]] izilaleli ezichaziwe [ izikhulu, izikhulu zezezomphakathi, noma imiyalezo ithunyiwe ngokuvumelana. [FLT:] ngokwezinye izicelo, [FLT] [FFLT]] ihluleka ukusungula nokwandisa ukuthemba.[FT]

Okwenza Ukuba Izehluleki Kube Yindaba Yokwenziwa Kwemithetho

Ukwenza imithetho akwenzeki kungenalutho. Izikhulu eziqashelwe nezisebenzi zomphakathi zithembele ekutholweni yizikhulu, ochwepheshe, namaqembu esithakazelo ukuze zakhe imithetho nezimiso. I-dvocacy inikeza lowo mqondo, usebenza njengebhuloho phakathi komphakathi nezinhlangano ezizibusayo. Izizathu eziyinhloko eziningana zigcizelela ukuthi kungani ukuqamba i-dvocacy kubalulekile:

  • Ukuveza: Ukungagunyazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphimbo ancishisiwe aqinisekisa ukuthi i-athonsiwe (kuhlanganise imiphakathi ethola imali ephansi, izinhlanga ezincane, abantu abakhubazekile, namanye amaqembu ahlukene-hlukene ahlanganisiwe ezingxoxweni zezimiso. Ngaphandle kokuziphanga, izimiso zingasiza kuphela labo abanamandla amisiwe noma imithombo.
  • Ukukhokha-mali: [ Abameleli bahlola izenzo zikahulumeni, badalula ukwehluleka, nokufuna ukuba sobala. Ngokubeka abenzi bezimiso ukuba balandise ngezithembiso zomkhankaso nezibopho ezingokomthetho, ukuqasha izintambo kusiza ukuba kugcine ubuqotho bentando yeningi.
  • Ukwazi: [[FLT: 0] Izindaba eziningi ezibucayi, njengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ubandlululo lwesimiso sokuziphatha, noma izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, zingathola ukunakwa okulinganiselwe ngaphandle kobuqaba. Imikhankaso ifundisa umphakathi nendawo ngezindaba ezihleliwe.
  • Ukubusa:[ Ukuphambanisa kukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela komphakathi. Uma abantu bebona ukuthi izenzo zabo zingathonya imiphumela, basengozini kakhulu yokuvota, ukuvota, nokuhlala benolwazi. Lokhu kuqinisa impilo yonke yentando yeningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqasha izisebenzi kungasheshisa ushintsho lwenqubo olungase lunganqandeki. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthatha ngokushesha imithetho ekhokhelwayo engekho ezifundazweni eziningana zase-U.S. kwaqhutshwa ukubambisana kwezinhlangano zamalungelo abantu, ochwepheshe bezempilo yomphakathi, namaqembu omphakathi. Ngaphandle kokucindezela okuphikelelayo, imithetho enjalo ivame ukuphelelwa amandla iminyaka eminingi.

Izinhlobo Zokuqamba Kwawo Izenzwelo Zakho

Ukuqapha akuyona indawo eyodwa-yonke. I-mongo ehlukile idinga izindlela ezihlukene, futhi abameleli abanekhono bavame ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ukuze baqinise ithonya.

Izimpande Ezinomsila Ziyaphazanyiswa

IGrasroot ihlanganisa abantu abavamile − abavamile, amalungu omphakathi, abaholi bendawo − ukusebenzisa ukucindezela okuvela phansi. Ama-Tacts ahlanganisa ukuvalela umnyango ukuya endlini, amabhange ocingo, imibuthano yomphakathi, nemikhankaso yokubhala izincwadi. Lendlela iphumelela kakhulu ezimpikiswaneni zomphakathi ngokusekela imali noma isivikelo sendawo ezungezile. Ngenxa yokuthi ibonakalisa ukusekela komphakathi okwandayo, izimpande zotshani zingathonya izazi zezombangazwe ezithembele ekugunyazweni okuthandwayo.

Ukufundiswa Kwezinhlangano

Izinhlangano zezezinhlangano zezentengiselwano zenza izinhlangano ezinjengezenzuzo, izinhlangano zezohwebo, noma amathengi. Lezi zinhlangano zinezisebenzi ezinikezelwe, amakhono okucwaninga, futhi ngokuvamile zisebuhlotsheni obudala nabenzi bezimiso. Abasekeli bezinhlangano bangase baveze iziphakamiso ezingokwenqubo, bafakazele ekuqulweni kwezindlebe, noma bahlangane ngasese nezikhulu. Nakuba lolu hlobo lokuzibandakanya kungaba lungolwazi kakhulu futhi lube nethonya, ngezinye izikhathi lungase luntule ukukhanga nokubonakala kwemizamo yotshani.

Ukuqondisa Okuqondile

Ukuqondisa okuqondile kuhlanganisa ukubheka ubuso nobuso noma ukuxhumana ngokuqondile nabenzi besinqumo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunxusa ``isenzo esinemithetho esemthethweni' lapho abameleli beveza icala labo kubamisimthetho noma izinsizano zabo. Ukuqondisa ukuqapha kungaphumelela kakhulu ngoba kuvumela ingxoxo eguquguqukayo, ukuveza izimo ngokushesha, nokuxhumana komuntu siqu. Nokho, kudinga ukufinyelela nolwazi lwenqubo yezombangazwe, okungaba yisithiyo emaqenjini amancane.

Ukudla Okuyi - digital

Kuyi-Internet, ukuqamba i-apply sekuyithuluzi elinamandla. Imikhankaso yezenhlalo, izicelo ze-webhusayithi, amavidiyo, kanye nokuqhuma kwe-imeyili kungafinyelela izigidi ngokushesha nangokungabizi. I-assign advocation iwusizo kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni amanani amasha nokuveza iziphetho ezisheshayo zokunqanda izenzakalo. Nokho, kumelwe ihlanganiswe nezenzo zokusebenza ngaphandle kolayini ukuze iguqulele umsindo kuyinguquko yenqubo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-# i-MeToo[FLTY:1] i-tecrodio-tecd digistersssssssssssssss tracepy issmed diviciptionstingstingss as transception kuguqula izinkulumo zomphakathi futhi kamuva ihost enziwayo ezisemthethweni ezingokomthetho zokuhlulwa emsebenzini.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemali Ebolile

Ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano eziningi ezihlanganisa umgomo owodwa kodwa ezingase zibe nomehluko. Ngokuhlanganisa imithombo yemali, ubuchwepheshe, nezimiso, izinhlangano zingakhulisa izwi lazo futhi zibonise ukuvumelana. Izibonelo eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwendawo ezungezile, ukusebenza, namaqembu empilo omphakathi agqugquzelwayo ukuze kubekwe umthetho ohlanzekile. Amakhobali adinga ukubambisana nokuthembana ukuze kugwenywe izingxabano zangaphakathi noma ukuncishwa kwesigijimi.

Ibhayisekili Lokuphila Kwasendle: Ukusuka Engqondweni Kuya Emphumeleni

Ukuqonda lesi sithuthuthu kusiza abalweli bahlele intuthuko ehlelekile nesilinganiso.

Ukuchaza Nokuchaza Impikiswano

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuveza inkinga engasingathwa ngokushintsha kwenqubo. Abameleli kumelwe bayichaze ngokucacile futhi bayihlele ngendlela ethinta izisulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukubeka ubudlova bezibhamu njengenkinga yempilo yomphakathi kunokuba kube yikho kuphela okuyisiHlanzi sesibili kungavula amathuba amasha okungenela kwesimiso. Ukuthatha ukuhlanganisa ukukhetha ulimi, ukwaziswa, nezindaba eziqokomisa ukuphuthuma nempumelelo yalenkinga.

2. Ukucwaninga Nobufakazi

Ubufakazi obuqand ’ ikhanda busekelwe ebufakazini obuqinile. Abameleli kumelwe baqoqe ukwaziswa okuphathelene nobukhulu benkinga, izinqubo ezikhona, nezibonelo eziphumelelayo ezivela kwezinye izindawo. Bangase benze ukucwaninga kwasekuqaleni noma izinto ezitholakele ezifundweni zemfundo, imibiko kahulumeni, nobufakazi obunolwazi. Lobu bufakazi buveza umsuka wempikiswano esetshenziswa kubenzi bemithetho nomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, abasekeli bezinhlelo zokushintsha inaliti basebenzisa ulwazi lwezesayensi yezesayensi yesayensi yesayensi yezesayensi yezesayensi ukuze babonise ukuncishiswa kwe-HIV, ukunqoba ukuphikisa kokuziphatha.

3. Ukuthuthuka Nemigomo

Icebo elicacile lichaza lokho okuhloselwe ukufinyelela icebo lokulawula, indlela eliyokufeza ngayo, nakuyiphi isikhathi. Imigomo kufanele icace, ikwazi ukufinyelelwa, ifaneleke, ifaneleke, futhi igcine isikhathi (SMART), futhi ihlanganise izinhlelo ezihlukanisa abenzi besinqumo abakholwe, ukudweba amaqhinga ezombangazwe, ukukhetha amasu (umz., ukubhejeka, imikhankaso yezindaba), nokuchaza izidingo zemithombo. Icebo elinamandla libuye lilindele ukuphikisa nokulungisa izimpikiswano.

4. Ukuthunjwa Kwabantu Nesakhiwo Sokuzitika Ngosizo Lwabo

Iqembu lezinhlangano eziphumelelayo lakhiwa ngezindinganiso ezifanayo, indima ecacile, nangethembana. Ukuhlaselwa kweqembu kuhlanganisa nokuqeqesha abasekeli ukuba baxoxe ngezindaba zabo, abashaya imithetho, noma bahlanganyele ezigijimeni. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abameleli bavame ukusebenzisa amathuluzi njengemithombo yezokuxhumana, izinhlu ze-imeyili, nemihlangano yomphakathi ukuze bafinyelele izifinyelelo zabo.

5. Ukuhlanganyela Nokuthatha Isinyathelo

Lena isigaba lapho icebo lifezwa khona. Imisebenzi yokuzibandakanya ihlanganisa imihlangano nabamisi-mthetho, ukuchotshelwa kwezindaba, izingqungquthela zezindaba, imibuthano, imishini yokubhala izincwadi, nemikhankaso yamanani. Isinyathelo ngasinye kufanele sihambisane necebo lonke futhi sihloselwe izilaleli ezikhonjiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlangana nezisebenzi zomphathi wesigelekeqe kungase kugxile emininingwaneni yenqubo yobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho umkhankani uhlose ukuveza ukushukuma kwezindaba nokucindezela komphakathi.

6. Ukuhlola Nokuzivumelanisa Nezimo

Ngemva kokuba sekuthathiwe izenzo, abameleli kumelwe bahlole ukuthi yini esebenzayo nengasebenzanga. Ukuhlola kungahlanganisa ukulandelela imithombo yezindaba ikhuluma, izinguquko zenqubo, ukushintsha kombono womphakathi, noma ukushintsha kwezikhundla zokwenza izinqumo. Izifundo ezifundweyo zisetshenziselwa ukucwengisisa amasu engxenyeni elandelayo. Ukufundela ukubhalisa ngokuvamile kuwumzamo omude wesikhathi odinga ukuvumelana nezimo nokuphikelela. Ukuhlola futhi kusiza ukuba kulondoloze ukulandisa kwabasekeli nabasekeli.

Ukubhekana Nezinselele Zokufuna Ukuzitika Ngokuvamile

Ngisho noma benecebo eliqinile, abameleli babhekana nezithiyo. Ukuqaphela lezi zinselele nokulungiselela amasu okuzinqoba kubalulekile ukuze kuphumelele isikhathi eside.

Imithombo Yengcebo Elinganiselwe

Amaqembu amaningi okuphatha izicathulo asebenzisa izimali zokuhlela izicathulo. Ukunweba imithombo yemali, abasekeli bangayifaka imali yezisebenzi zokuzithandela, isebenzisela izimali, noma umngane wezinhlangano ezinkulu. Amathuluzi e-Digital [ afana namapulatifomu omkhankaso wezembutho, imithombo yezenhlalakahle, kanye nokuhlola okuvulekile ukwaziswa kunganciphisa izindleko. Uhlu lwe-Mainficense lwamathuluzi ehhalayo [ lunikeza ukusikisela okuwusizo kwamaqembu angazibambi imali.

Ukuphikiswa Kwezombangazwe

Izithakazelo ezinamandla zingase ziphikise ushintsho, ngokusebenzisa ukunxusa, iminikelo yomkhankaso, noma imithombo yezindaba ukuhlomela ukuvimbela lokhu ngokwakha imibuthano emikhulu, ukuhlanganisa abasekeli abanezimpande zotshani, nokusebenzisa izindaba ezishukumisayo ezizwakalayo ngalé kokwehlukana. Ukugcina ukuthembeka kungasiza futhi ekutholeni ukusekelwa abamisi-mthetho abalinganiselayo.

Ukunganaki Komphakathi Noma Ukungaqondi

Ezindabeni eziyinkimbinkimbi, umphakathi ungase ungakuthandi ukuqongelela noma ukutshelwa okunganembile. Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo kusebenzisa ulimi olucacile, oluguquguqukayo nezindaba eziguqula lendaba. Ukuphinda-phindwa kwemikhondo eminingi kuyasiza ekugqashukeni umsindo. Ukubambisana namazwi omphakathi othenjwayo . Njengadokotela, othisha, noma abaholi benkolo kungathuthukisa ukuthembeka. Empilweni ehlobene nokungafundi, CDC’s Health Commony Gateway[ inikeza amasu asekelwe empikisayo ezokufinyelela izilaleli ezihlukahlukene.

Ukwaziswa Okuningi

Abenzi bomthetho bahlaselwa ngokwaziswa. Ukuze kuzweke, abameleli kumelwe badlulisele imilayezo efingqiwe, ehloselwe. Imizuzu emifushane yephepha, ulwembu lweziqu, namavidiyo amafushane ngokuvamile asebenza kangcono kunemibiko emide. Ukuzwa nokuguquguquka kuyasiza futhi (uma ama-acendings ahlukahlukene noma amaqembu enikeza isicelo esiqinile, abhalisa ngokunamandla kakhulu.

Imikhankaso Yokufuya Izwe Eyashintsha Umthetho

Ukuhlola imikhankaso ephumelelayo kwembula izimiso ezingalingiswa. Ngezansi kunezibonelo ezintathu lapho inqubo yokulungisa isimo sezwe ishintsha khona ngokuyisisekelo.

Inhlangano Yamalungelo Omphakathi (1950s1660)

I-Civil Rights Movement yase-U.S. iwuphawu olunamandla kakhulu lokulwa notshani ngekhulu lama-20. Ngomthetho wokulwa ngaphandle kobudlova, izinselele ezingokomthetho, imishini yokuvota, kanye nezokubhalisa okunamandla, abashisekeli abanjengoMartin Luther King Jr. nezinhlangano ezinjengeNaACP eziphoqelela uhulumeni ukuba akhulume ngezimiso zesizwe. Umphumela wawuwumthetho owesizwe wemithetho elawula i-Polivil Rights Act ka-19649 kanye ne-Voting Rights Act ka-1965, okuthiwa kweze iziyalezo ezingokomthetho nezigidi ezishinswe ngezigidi. Izifundo eziyinhloko: ithonya, ukucindezela okusolwayo; isakhiwo esiqinile sokusebenza kwezenkolo, namaqembu esizwe; nokusetshenziswa kwezentengosimu engokomthetho ekudaluleni umthetho wokungabi nabulungisa.

Ukulawula Ugwayi Nesivumelwano Esiwumsebenzi Owenziwe Ngokulawula Ugwayi

Ukulawula ugwayi emhlabeni wonke kumelela umzamo wenani elikhulu owehlula ukuphikiswa okukhulu kwezimboni. Ukubambisana kwezinhlangano zezempilo zomphakathi, iNhlangano Yezwe Yezempilo, kanye nezinhlangano zezizwe kwaveza amaqhinga emboni ( ama-90okill Convention on Tobacco Control (FTCC)[[[FLT1]], isivumelwano sokuqala sezizwe zonke esixoxwe ngeWHOV ngezindawo. Amaqhinga ahlanganisa ukuveza umonakalo wezempilo, ukudalula amaqhinga emboni (umk.g., ngokusebenzisa amaqhinga okufutha nokuvuza amabhuthi), ukufeza intela nokuvinjelwa, nokusebenza kwemikhankani ezindaba. I-FCCCC iye yaqondisa imikhankambi yezizwe ezwe lonke. [FFF:][FFT]

Ukulingana Komshado E - United States

Ukuphoqelela umshado oxubile kwasuka ekubeni ulwelwe, kwaya ekwakheni umthetho-sisekelo emashumini amabili nje kuphela eminyaka. Izinhlangano zezemfundo njenge-Human Rights Campaign, Inkululeko Yokushada, namaqembu otshani zisebenzise icebo elinezici eziningi: imvume yombuso ngesigamu, ukugqugquzela kwemithetho, imikhankaso yemfundo yomphakathi, nokushintsha isimo sezempucuko ngemiboniso yezezindaba. Indaba yomuntu siqu ngemibhangqwana efanayo yezentengiselwano nemikhaya ibonise ukuqina okukhulu. Isinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme ka 2015 [[FLT: 0]bergefell v. Hodges esemthethweni yezentengo yomshado esemthethweni emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kubonisa indlela ukuhlelwa kwemishadoba okuthatha isikhathi eside kushintsha ngayo izinhliziyo nemithetho.

Indlela Yokuqala Uhambo Lwakho Lobuwula

Nazi izinyathelo eziwusizo zokuqala ukuba nethonya:

  • [ Ibonisa inkanuko yakho kanye nempikiswano. Gxila enkingeni oyikhathalelayo ngokujule. Ukucwaninga okukhona ukugwema ukwenza umsebenzi nokuthola izihlobo.
  • Funda indawo. Uqonda ukuthi obani abenzi besinqumo (umz., umkhandlu wedolobha, isishaya-mthetho sombuso, inhlangano yombuso), iziphi izimiso zamanje, nokuthi yikuphi ukuphikiswa ongase ubhekane nakho. OpenSECrets. org unikeza ukwaziswa eminikelweni yezombangazwe nasekufuneni ithonya, kukusiza ukuba ubhekane nethonya lemabalazwe.
  • Ixhumene nezinhlangano ezimisiwe. Amaqembu amaningi afundisayo anikeza ukuqeqesha, ama-athomu, nesisekelo somkhankaso. Ukujoyina iqembu kungasheshisa ukufunda kwakho futhi kwandise imizamo yakho.
  • [ Phendula umbuzo ocacile. Yiluphi ushintsho oluqondile olufunayo? Ungakwazi ukukusho ngomusho owodwa. Ngokwesibonelo: “Izimali ezandisiwe zezinhlelo zangemva kwesikole ezingenisa imali ezindaweni eziphansi ngezigidi ezingu-5.”
  • Yakha inethiwekhi. Abangane, omakhelwane, ozakwabo, abalandeli bezokuxhumana. Ngisho neqembu elincane, elizinikezele lingafinyelela imiphumela ephawulekayo.
  • Sebenzisa iziteshi eziningi. Ukuhlanganisa izihambeli eziqondile, izenzakalo zomphakathi, imikhankaso ye-inthanethi, kanye nemidiya ehlawulwayo. Imiyalezo ye-ijelori ebhekiswe ezilalelini zonke.
  • `Izintambo' futhi ugubhe intuthuko. IWins ingaba mncinyane(a proces) imvume, umhlangano wemali osusiwe, isihloko esihle. Zivume ukuze usekele amandla.

Ikhono lokufunda ukuqapha liyikhono elifundekayo, hhayi ikhono elingokwemvelo. Imivubukulo enjenge- i-Advocacy toolts evela e-Alliance for Justice inikeza iziqondisi ezikhululekile emithethweni engokomthetho, ukuthumela imiyalezo, nokuhlela okuhleliwe kokungazuzisi.

Isiphetho

Ukuzuza kuseyindawo efinyeleleka kakhulu nenamandla kakhulu ekushintsheni kwezenhlalo nezombangazwe. Ngokuqonda izindlela zayo, izinqubo, nezinselele, abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano bangahlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo ekulolongeni izimiso ezibusa ukuphila kwabo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhankasela umoya ohlanzekile, izikole ezingcono, noma izintela ezingcono, imicimbi yakho. Inqubo yokwenza isimiso akuwona umnyango ovaliwe, ukusabela ekucindezelekeni, ebufakazini, nasekuphikeleni. Qala, cabanga isikhathi eside, futhi ukhumbule ukuthi yonke inqubo enkulu yaqala ngomuntu owenqaba ukuhlala ethule.